Corporate Social ResponsibilityCorporate Social Responsibility

Corporate Social ResponsibilityCorporate Social Responsibility EthicsEthics Corporate CitizenshipCorporate Citizenship Corporate accountabilityCorporate accountability SustainabilitySustainability

CSR:CSR:

Achieving commercial success in ways Achieving commercial success in ways that honor ethical values and respect that honor ethical values and respect people, communities and the natural people, communities and the natural environmentenvironment

CSR:CSR:

Addressing the legal, ethical, Addressing the legal, ethical, commercial and other expectations commercial and other expectations society has for business and making society has for business and making decisions that fairly balance the claims decisions that fairly balance the claims of all key stakeholdersof all key stakeholders

CSR includes issues related to:CSR includes issues related to: Business ethicsBusiness ethics Community investmentCommunity investment EnvironmentEnvironment GovernanceGovernance Human rights Human rights Marketplace Marketplace

Business Importance:Business Importance: Improved Financial PerformanceImproved Financial Performance Reduced Operating CostsReduced Operating Costs Enhanced Brand Image and ReputationEnhanced Brand Image and Reputation Increased Sales and Customer LoyaltyIncreased Sales and Customer Loyalty

Business Importance:Business Importance: (cont.) (cont.) Increased Productivity and QualityIncreased Productivity and Quality Increased Ability to Attract and Retain Increased Ability to Attract and Retain

EmployeesEmployees Reduced Regulatory OversightReduced Regulatory Oversight Access to CapitalAccess to Capital

Key Developments:Key Developments: Increased Stakeholder ActivismIncreased Stakeholder Activism Proliferation of Codes, Standards, Proliferation of Codes, Standards,

Indicators and GuidelinesIndicators and Guidelines More Sophisticated Shareholder More Sophisticated Shareholder

EngagementEngagement Accountability Throughout the ValueAccountability Throughout the Value

ChainChain

Key Developments:Key Developments: (cont.) (cont.) Transparency and ReportingTransparency and Reporting Growing Government Interest and ActionGrowing Government Interest and Action Convergence of CSR and Governance Convergence of CSR and Governance

AgendasAgendas Growing investor Pressure and Market-Growing investor Pressure and Market-

Based IncentivesBased Incentives

Key Developments:Key Developments: (cont.)(cont.) Advances in Information TechnologyAdvances in Information Technology Pressure to Quantify CSR “Return of Pressure to Quantify CSR “Return of

Investment”Investment”

External Standards:External Standards: AccountAbilityAccountAbility The Global Reporting InitiativeThe Global Reporting Initiative Social Accountability 8000Social Accountability 8000 United Nations Global CompactUnited Nations Global Compact Organization for Economic Cooperation Organization for Economic Cooperation

and Development Guidelines for and Development Guidelines for Multinational EnterprisesMultinational Enterprises

External Standards External Standards (cont.):(cont.): The Caux Round Table (CRT)The Caux Round Table (CRT) The Global Sullivan PrinciplesThe Global Sullivan Principles The Keidanren Charter for GoodThe Keidanren Charter for Good Corporate Corporate

BehaviorBehavior APEC Business Code of ConductAPEC Business Code of Conduct

Implementation Steps:Implementation Steps: Mission, Vision, Values StatementsMission, Vision, Values Statements Cultural ValuesCultural Values Corporate GovernanceCorporate Governance Management StructuresManagement Structures Strategic PlanningStrategic Planning General AccountabilityGeneral Accountability CSR ReportingCSR Reporting Use of InfluenceUse of Influence

Leadership Examples:Leadership Examples: Chiquita Brands International, IncChiquita Brands International, Inc Starbucks Coffee CoStarbucks Coffee Co B&QB&Q Novo Nordisk A/SNovo Nordisk A/S

Interface, IncInterface, Inc““Our Goal: to be the first company that, by Our Goal: to be the first company that, by

its deeds, shows the entire industrial world its deeds, shows the entire industrial world what sustainability is in all its dimensions: what sustainability is in all its dimensions: People, process, product, place, and profitsPeople, process, product, place, and profits—by 2020—and in doing so we will —by 2020—and in doing so we will become restorative through the power of become restorative through the power of influence.”influence.”

Interface, IncInterface, Inc (cont.) (cont.)““Our Vision: Interface will become the first name in commercial and institutional Our Vision: Interface will become the first name in commercial and institutional

interiors worldwide through its commitment to people, process, product, place interiors worldwide through its commitment to people, process, product, place and profits. We will strive to create an organization wherein all people are and profits. We will strive to create an organization wherein all people are accorded unconditional respect and dignity; one that allows each person to accorded unconditional respect and dignity; one that allows each person to continuously learn and develop. We will focus on product (which includes continuously learn and develop. We will focus on product (which includes service) through constant emphasis on process quality and engineering, which service) through constant emphasis on process quality and engineering, which we will combine with careful attention to our customers’ needs so as always to we will combine with careful attention to our customers’ needs so as always to deliver superior value to our customers, thereby maximizing all stakeholders’ deliver superior value to our customers, thereby maximizing all stakeholders’ satisfaction. We will honor the places where we do business by endeavoring satisfaction. We will honor the places where we do business by endeavoring to become the first name in industrial ecology, a corporation that cherishes to become the first name in industrial ecology, a corporation that cherishes nature and restores the environment. Interface will lead by example and nature and restores the environment. Interface will lead by example and validate by results, including profits, leaving the world a better place that when validate by results, including profits, leaving the world a better place that when we began, and we will be restorative through the power of our influence in the we began, and we will be restorative through the power of our influence in the world”world”

Business and Corporate AccountabilityBusiness and Corporate Accountability

Business Importance:Business Importance: Improved financial performanceImproved financial performance Heightened public credibilityHeightened public credibility Reduced costsReduced costs Increased attractiveness to investorsIncreased attractiveness to investors Improved relationship with shareholdersImproved relationship with shareholders

““..more than 80% of investors would be willing ..more than 80% of investors would be willing to pay more for the shares of a well-governed to pay more for the shares of a well-governed company than for a poorly governed company company than for a poorly governed company with comparable financial performance.”with comparable financial performance.”

(From a 2000 survey of 200 large institutional investors (From a 2000 survey of 200 large institutional investors conducted by McKinsey & Co., the World Bank, and Institutional conducted by McKinsey & Co., the World Bank, and Institutional Investor’s regional institutes)Investor’s regional institutes)

Business ImportanceBusiness Importance (cont.): (cont.): Early identification of potential Early identification of potential

liabilitiesliabilities Marketplace advantagesMarketplace advantages Improved overall managementImproved overall management Improved organizational effectivenessImproved organizational effectiveness Decreased risk of adverse publicity Decreased risk of adverse publicity

Key Developments:Key Developments: Growth of CSRGrowth of CSR Increased demand for transparencyIncreased demand for transparency Growth in sustainable reportingGrowth in sustainable reporting Greater government regulationGreater government regulation Increased shareholder activismIncreased shareholder activism Proliferation of social and environmental Proliferation of social and environmental

reporting standardsreporting standards Increased media attentionIncreased media attention

Implementation Steps:Implementation Steps: Set objectivesSet objectives Review company materialsReview company materials Review management systemsReview management systems Engage board of directorsEngage board of directors Define and engage stakeholdersDefine and engage stakeholders Develop formal internal and external Develop formal internal and external

communication mechanismscommunication mechanisms Engage in continuous improvementEngage in continuous improvement

Green Product DesignGreen Product Design

Business Importance:Business Importance: Decreased costs & increased profitsDecreased costs & increased profits Decreased production timeDecreased production time Customer satisfactionCustomer satisfaction Customer retentionCustomer retention RecognitionRecognition Proactive preparation for regulationProactive preparation for regulation

Key Developments:Key Developments: Take-back laws and extended product Take-back laws and extended product

responsibilityresponsibility Updates to existing regulations affecting Updates to existing regulations affecting

product designproduct design Industry/government voluntary initiativesIndustry/government voluntary initiatives Industry/NGO collaborationIndustry/NGO collaboration Restricted materials listsRestricted materials lists

Business Importance:Business Importance: Decreased costs and increased profitsDecreased costs and increased profits Decreased production timeDecreased production time Customer satisfactionCustomer satisfaction Customer retentionCustomer retention RecognitionRecognition Proactive preparation for regulationProactive preparation for regulation

Key Developments:Key Developments: Take-back laws and extended product Take-back laws and extended product

responsibilityresponsibility Updates to existing regulationsUpdates to existing regulations affecting product affecting product

designdesign Industry/government voluntary initiativesIndustry/government voluntary initiatives New systems of commerceNew systems of commerce Restricted materials listRestricted materials list Academic programsAcademic programs

External Standards:External Standards: Eco-labeling/enviromental certificationEco-labeling/enviromental certification ISO 14000ISO 14000 Restrictions on use of hazardous materialsRestrictions on use of hazardous materials EU directive 94/62 on packaging and EU directive 94/62 on packaging and

packaging wastepackaging waste Product-specific mandates ond voluntary Product-specific mandates ond voluntary

effortsefforts

Implementation Steps:Implementation Steps: Develop business strategies to capture value Develop business strategies to capture value

from lifecycle thinkingfrom lifecycle thinking Practice full-cost accountingPractice full-cost accounting Explore reuse options for materials and productsExplore reuse options for materials and products Develop markets for green-designed productsDevelop markets for green-designed products Establish ground rules for product designEstablish ground rules for product design Perform analysis during product design and Perform analysis during product design and

developmentdevelopment

Leadership Examples:Leadership Examples: Proctor & Gamble (P&G)Proctor & Gamble (P&G) VolvoVolvo ElectroluxElectrolux

Sustainable Business PracticesSustainable Business Practices

Sustainable Development:Sustainable Development:

““Meeting the needs of the present without Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.”meet their own needs.”

(UN Commission on Environment and Development) (UN Commission on Environment and Development)

Business Importance:Business Importance: Access to capitalAccess to capital New Market developmentNew Market development Asset retentionAsset retention Brand image and customer retentionBrand image and customer retention InnovationInnovation

Key Developments:Key Developments: Increase in sustainability reportsIncrease in sustainability reports Growth of markets concerned with sustainable Growth of markets concerned with sustainable

products and servicesproducts and services Strategic partnershipsStrategic partnerships Financial markets Financial markets Government-Industry partnership initiativesGovernment-Industry partnership initiatives

Sustainable goals and indicatorsSustainable goals and indicators– MilestonesMilestones– Are we moving towards our destination or heading in Are we moving towards our destination or heading in

the opposite waythe opposite way

Economic VitalityEconomic VitalityGoal:Goal: An economy that is competitive, diverse, and An economy that is competitive, diverse, and

attractive to business; that maintains and attractive to business; that maintains and expands assets and capital; that provides a expands assets and capital; that provides a variety of entry-, middle-, and high-level jobs; variety of entry-, middle-, and high-level jobs; and that promotes the well-being of a and that promotes the well-being of a community and its workforcecommunity and its workforce

Economic Vitality IndicatorsEconomic Vitality Indicators

1.1. Per capital Income:Per capital Income:

Why do we care?Why do we care? Economic well-being one of three axes of Economic well-being one of three axes of

sustainability sustainability Disposable income a measure of economic well beingDisposable income a measure of economic well being Having the option to make choices a good thingHaving the option to make choices a good thing

2.2. UnemploymentUnemployment

Why do we care?Why do we care? Unemployment affects individual and indicates the Unemployment affects individual and indicates the

health of the economyhealth of the economy Communities with high unemployment have Communities with high unemployment have

increased crime, domestic violence, substance abuseincreased crime, domestic violence, substance abuse Less tax revenue available as resource against Less tax revenue available as resource against

social problems social problems

3.3. Productivity of LaborProductivity of LaborWhy do we care?Why do we care? Measures the value of output relative to the resources Measures the value of output relative to the resources

used to produce it.used to produce it. Higher incomes and living standardsHigher incomes and living standards More or resources available for reinvestment in More or resources available for reinvestment in

growth and the ability to remain competitivegrowth and the ability to remain competitive

4. Share of Households Below Poverty Line4. Share of Households Below Poverty LineWhy do we care?Why do we care? High poverty rates impose costs on welfare systems and High poverty rates impose costs on welfare systems and

slow economic growth of communityslow economic growth of community Poverty usually occurs along with poor health, Poverty usually occurs along with poor health,

decreased economic opportunity, higher crime rates…decreased economic opportunity, higher crime rates…reduce quality of lifereduce quality of life

5.5. Energy EfficiencyEnergy EfficiencyWhy do we care?Why do we care? Measures the output of our economy relative to the Measures the output of our economy relative to the

amount of energy used.amount of energy used. Major input into productive activity and consumptionMajor input into productive activity and consumption More efficiency, lower environmental costMore efficiency, lower environmental cost

EquityEquity

Goal:Goal: A more equitable distribution of the A more equitable distribution of the positive and negative products of civilization positive and negative products of civilization in the community. This includes fair access to in the community. This includes fair access to healthy environments, good healthcare, healthy environments, good healthcare, quality education, governmental decision-quality education, governmental decision-making, economic opportunity, and natural making, economic opportunity, and natural and cultural amenitiesand cultural amenities

6. Why do we care?6. Why do we care? A society in which everyone feels a welcome and A society in which everyone feels a welcome and

equal participant, where people take ownership, will equal participant, where people take ownership, will be more sustainable – better able to grow, evolve, be more sustainable – better able to grow, evolve, adaptadapt

7.7. Racial disparities in Infant MortalityRacial disparities in Infant MortalityWhy do we care?Why do we care? High infant mortality is sign that pregnant women and High infant mortality is sign that pregnant women and

newborns are not receiving adequate nutrition and newborns are not receiving adequate nutrition and medical caremedical care

Racial disparity shows inequity in access to careRacial disparity shows inequity in access to care Infant health care crucial to lifelong mental health and Infant health care crucial to lifelong mental health and

physical development physical development

Strong Community, Culture, RecreationStrong Community, Culture, Recreation

Goal: Goal: Create or enhance within communities a Create or enhance within communities a positive sense of local identity and individual positive sense of local identity and individual belonging, which promotes respect among belonging, which promotes respect among neighbors, increases everyone’s feelings of neighbors, increases everyone’s feelings of safety and security, and provides abundant safety and security, and provides abundant cultural and recreational opportunitiescultural and recreational opportunities

8.8. Newspaper CirculationNewspaper CirculationWhy do we care?Why do we care? Reading newspaper fosters community awareness and Reading newspaper fosters community awareness and

encourages people to take ownership and engage with encourages people to take ownership and engage with their communitytheir community

Newspapers provide information to enable people to Newspapers provide information to enable people to get involved with local decision-making and disputesget involved with local decision-making and disputes

9.9. Crime RateCrime RateWhy do we care?Why do we care? Crime is indicator of deeper social and economic Crime is indicator of deeper social and economic

issues.issues. Increase crime rate may result from decrease in job Increase crime rate may result from decrease in job

opportunity, economic stagnation, inadequate opportunity, economic stagnation, inadequate education, or inadequate policing.education, or inadequate policing.

10.10. Open SpaceOpen Space

Why do we care?Why do we care? Protects natural environment by providing habitat for Protects natural environment by providing habitat for

wildlife.wildlife. Absorbs rainfall, minimizing risk of floods and Absorbs rainfall, minimizing risk of floods and

sedimentation of waterwayssedimentation of waterways Provides recreation on land and waterProvides recreation on land and water Protecting space while it is still relatively inexpensive, Protecting space while it is still relatively inexpensive,

ensures room for parks and natural areas against ensures room for parks and natural areas against developmentdevelopment

Quality EducationQuality Education

Goal: Goal: A quality, lifelong education equally A quality, lifelong education equally accessible to all, whereby individuals learn to be accessible to all, whereby individuals learn to be critical thinkers and engaged citizens with an critical thinkers and engaged citizens with an understanding of and respect for the systems understanding of and respect for the systems that support civilization (social, economic, that support civilization (social, economic, environmental); and which provides students environmental); and which provides students with the knowledge and skills necessary for with the knowledge and skills necessary for employment and personal fulfillment. employment and personal fulfillment.

11.11. High School Graduation RatesHigh School Graduation RatesWhy do we care?Why do we care? Demands for highly skilled, trained, educated Demands for highly skilled, trained, educated

employees has steadily increasedemployees has steadily increased High school education minimum in the labor marketHigh school education minimum in the labor market Requirement for accessing various forms of higher Requirement for accessing various forms of higher

education and trainingeducation and training Useful measure of what will be availabe to young Useful measure of what will be availabe to young

people later in lifepeople later in life

13.13. Student/Teacher RatioStudent/Teacher RatioWhy do we care?Why do we care? Used to assess potential for student/teacher interaction Used to assess potential for student/teacher interaction

and communicationand communication Reasonable proxy for establishing average class size Reasonable proxy for establishing average class size

and student-teacher interactionand student-teacher interaction

14.14. Standardized Test ScoresStandardized Test ScoresWhy do we care?Why do we care? Performance on test provides understanding of how Performance on test provides understanding of how

many students are acquiring basic skills in reading, many students are acquiring basic skills in reading, math, writing.math, writing.

Indication of whether students are being educated well Indication of whether students are being educated well enough to meet needs.enough to meet needs.

15.15. Higher EducationHigher EducationWhy do we care?Why do we care? Strong education systems create large educated labor Strong education systems create large educated labor

easing location of high tech industrieseasing location of high tech industries Strong education systems help to prevent emigration of Strong education systems help to prevent emigration of

students from regionstudents from region

Good GovernmentGood Government

Goal: Goal: A community system of governing that is A community system of governing that is efficient, effective, trustworthy, and responsible efficient, effective, trustworthy, and responsible to citizens and their needs; and that actively to citizens and their needs; and that actively promotes good citizenship and effective promotes good citizenship and effective

16.16. Voter TurnoutVoter TurnoutWhy do we care?Why do we care? Basic measure of how many of us are exercising the Basic measure of how many of us are exercising the

right to self-governmentright to self-government Indicator of collective awareness of community Indicator of collective awareness of community

government government

Decent HousingDecent Housing

Goal: Goal: A variety of desirable housing options for a A variety of desirable housing options for a community members, at every income levelcommunity members, at every income level

18.18. Affordability of Rental HousingAffordability of Rental HousingWhy do we care?Why do we care? An essential element in the well-being of community An essential element in the well-being of community

members and economic successmembers and economic success Lack of affordable housing hinders economic growth, Lack of affordable housing hinders economic growth,

making it difficult for firms to maintain labor forcemaking it difficult for firms to maintain labor force High cost of housing hinders economic growthHigh cost of housing hinders economic growth

19.19. Home Prices vs. IncomeHome Prices vs. IncomeWhy do we care?Why do we care? Homeownership offers degrtee of security through Homeownership offers degrtee of security through

financial equityfinancial equity Establishes residents as long-term stakeholders in the Establishes residents as long-term stakeholders in the

communitycommunity Homeowners more likely to invest in physical Homeowners more likely to invest in physical

improvements and social programs to cohere the improvements and social programs to cohere the communitycommunity

20.20. Trends in New HousingTrends in New HousingWhy do we care?Why do we care? Indicator sheds light on where new housing is being Indicator sheds light on where new housing is being

built – urban, suburban, rural- to monitor suburban built – urban, suburban, rural- to monitor suburban sprawl considered a significant threat to sustainabilitysprawl considered a significant threat to sustainability

Monitor range of community housing choices and pricesMonitor range of community housing choices and prices

Healthy PeopleHealthy People

Goal: Goal: The highest opportunity for community The highest opportunity for community members to be healthy, with access to high-members to be healthy, with access to high-quality health care and minimized exposure to quality health care and minimized exposure to health risks health risks

21.21. Life ExpectancyLife ExpectancyWhy do we care?Why do we care? Reflects the health and well-being of community Reflects the health and well-being of community

population and relative access to resources that help population and relative access to resources that help keep people alive.keep people alive.

Longer lives can adversely impact the environment and Longer lives can adversely impact the environment and requires responsible sustaiinable decision makingrequires responsible sustaiinable decision making

22.22. Infectious DiseasesInfectious DiseasesWhy do I care?Why do I care? Need control to counter catastrophic effect on public Need control to counter catastrophic effect on public

health, social institutions, the economyhealth, social institutions, the economy Social cohesion diminished if poor or minorities suffer Social cohesion diminished if poor or minorities suffer

more from infectious disease than middle class whitesmore from infectious disease than middle class whites

23.23. AsthmaAsthmaWhy do we care?Why do we care? Common respiratory condition often triggered by Common respiratory condition often triggered by

environmental conditions as ozone concentrations, care environmental conditions as ozone concentrations, care exhaust, dust mites, roaches, rats, mice, tobacco smoke.exhaust, dust mites, roaches, rats, mice, tobacco smoke.

More a problem for low-income families and children More a problem for low-income families and children unable to avoid such conditionsunable to avoid such conditions

Asthma linked to other sustainability issues of poverty Asthma linked to other sustainability issues of poverty and environmental healthand environmental health

24.24. Occupational Safety and HealthOccupational Safety and HealthWhy do we care?Why do we care? Key fundamental rights that reflect values and define Key fundamental rights that reflect values and define

social aspects of sustainabilitysocial aspects of sustainability As basic right, problems impose economic costs on As basic right, problems impose economic costs on

affected households and communityaffected households and community Injuries raise insurance rates, cost of doing business, Injuries raise insurance rates, cost of doing business,

cost of goods and servicescost of goods and services

Efficient Transportation and Land UseEfficient Transportation and Land Use

Goal:Goal: A choice of efficient, convenient, safe, and A choice of efficient, convenient, safe, and affordable transportation and land use options, affordable transportation and land use options, providing access to jobs, shopping, recreational providing access to jobs, shopping, recreational centers, schools, airports, and rail centerscenters, schools, airports, and rail centers

25.25. Need for Road and Bridge RepairsNeed for Road and Bridge RepairsWhy do we care?Why do we care? Accumulated road and bridge repairs is indicator of Accumulated road and bridge repairs is indicator of

whether the community’s economy, heavily dependent whether the community’s economy, heavily dependent on transportation, is being sustained.on transportation, is being sustained.

Increase in repairs suggests heading for physical and Increase in repairs suggests heading for physical and economic bottlenecks and a constraint on the ability of economic bottlenecks and a constraint on the ability of freight and people to move through the communityfreight and people to move through the community

26.26. Vehicle Miles Traveled Per CapitaVehicle Miles Traveled Per CapitaWhy do we care?Why do we care? VMT is a measure of transportation system VMT is a measure of transportation system

development – increase imposes costs, including time development – increase imposes costs, including time lost from traffic congestionlost from traffic congestion

Economic competition compromised by delayed Economic competition compromised by delayed workers, consumers, goodsworkers, consumers, goods

Vehicles significant source of pollutionVehicles significant source of pollution

27.27. Workplace Transportation OptionsWorkplace Transportation OptionsWhy do we care?Why do we care? Tracks location of new office complexes according to Tracks location of new office complexes according to

accessibility to public transit and personal vehicleaccessibility to public transit and personal vehicle Location of development of major employment centers Location of development of major employment centers

today is key to steering land use patterns tomorrowtoday is key to steering land use patterns tomorrow

Natural and Ecological IntegrityNatural and Ecological Integrity

Goal: Goal: Preserve and restore community’s Preserve and restore community’s ecosystems and the full complement of species ecosystems and the full complement of species that chare the community.that chare the community.

28.28. Loss of Freshwater WetlandsLoss of Freshwater Wetlands..Why do we care?Why do we care? One of the key components of environmental One of the key components of environmental

sustainability and acts as natural filter for sustainability and acts as natural filter for ground water supply, reducing the need for ground water supply, reducing the need for expensive investments in water purificationexpensive investments in water purification

Natural flood protectionNatural flood protection Habitat for migrating birds and other wildlifeHabitat for migrating birds and other wildlife Incubators for sport and commercial fisheriesIncubators for sport and commercial fisheries

29.29. Nesting Water Bird PopulationsNesting Water Bird PopulationsWhy do we care?Why do we care? Birds at the top of the food chain and indicators of Birds at the top of the food chain and indicators of

general health of the ecosystem they inhabitgeneral health of the ecosystem they inhabit Because reproductive systems sensitive to conBecause reproductive systems sensitive to con contamination, good indicators of pollutioncontamination, good indicators of pollution Aquatic ecosystems filter pollution and sedimentsAquatic ecosystems filter pollution and sediments

30.30. River HealthRiver HealthWhy do we care?Why do we care? Level of dissolved oxygen (DO) in the river systems is Level of dissolved oxygen (DO) in the river systems is

widely-used indicator of water quality and ability of widely-used indicator of water quality and ability of rivers to support aquatic and human life.rivers to support aquatic and human life.

Measure of how well community is sustaining natural Measure of how well community is sustaining natural systems in face of development.systems in face of development.

31.31. Marine Water QualityMarine Water QualityWhy do we care?Why do we care? Quality of shellfish habitat way to track overall quality Quality of shellfish habitat way to track overall quality

of coastal ecosystemsof coastal ecosystems Share of shellfish habitat deemed safe for harvesting by Share of shellfish habitat deemed safe for harvesting by

public officials is simple indicator of water quality and public officials is simple indicator of water quality and ecosystem healthecosystem health

Protected Natural ResourcesProtected Natural Resources

Goal: Goal: Maintain the community natural resource Maintain the community natural resource basebase

31.31. Total Energy ConsumptionTotal Energy ConsumptionWhy do we care?Why do we care? Changes in energy price or supply have direct impact Changes in energy price or supply have direct impact

on all sectors of the economy.on all sectors of the economy. Energy production and consumption create pollution in Energy production and consumption create pollution in

form of greenhouse gases, toxins, and radioactive form of greenhouse gases, toxins, and radioactive waste.waste.

Fossil fuels are non-renewable and therefore, our Fossil fuels are non-renewable and therefore, our energy system is likely unsustainable.energy system is likely unsustainable.

32.32. FarmlandFarmlandWhy do we care?Why do we care? Farmland recharges our groundwater, provides habitat Farmland recharges our groundwater, provides habitat

for wildlife, protects soilfor wildlife, protects soil

33.33. Ocean and Bay Beach ClosingsOcean and Bay Beach ClosingsWhy do we care?Why do we care? Highly visible events that can drive away potential Highly visible events that can drive away potential

visitors and reduce revenues generated by coastal visitors and reduce revenues generated by coastal tourism.tourism.

Closings usually due to storm water runoff, elevated Closings usually due to storm water runoff, elevated levels of bacteria or floating debris, failures in sewage levels of bacteria or floating debris, failures in sewage collection and treatment systems resulting in collection and treatment systems resulting in unsustainable conditions for community health and unsustainable conditions for community health and economy.economy.

34.34. Preserved and Developed LandPreserved and Developed LandWhy do we care?Why do we care? Rapid urbanization cuts into open space needed for Rapid urbanization cuts into open space needed for

recreation, agriculture species habitatrecreation, agriculture species habitat Maintaining a balance among conflicting land uses is Maintaining a balance among conflicting land uses is

key element of sustainabilitykey element of sustainability

Minimal Pollution and WasteMinimal Pollution and Waste

Goal: Goal: Minimize the generation and accumulation Minimize the generation and accumulation of pollution and waste; maximize the use of of pollution and waste; maximize the use of efficient, clean, and sustainable energy sources; efficient, clean, and sustainable energy sources; and increase consumer choices for ecologically and increase consumer choices for ecologically friendly products.friendly products.

35.35. Greenhouse Gas EmissionsGreenhouse Gas EmissionsWhy do we care?Why do we care? US is the largest emitter of greenhouse gases, 23% US is the largest emitter of greenhouse gases, 23%

contribution from 5% of its populationcontribution from 5% of its population

35. Drinking Water Quality35. Drinking Water QualityWhy do we care?Why do we care? A community that cannot provide water to its citizens, A community that cannot provide water to its citizens,

due to either natural or human contamination, cannot be due to either natural or human contamination, cannot be sustained.sustained.

36.36. Solid WasteSolid WasteWhy do we care?Why do we care? Buried or burned solid waste can lead to ground water Buried or burned solid waste can lead to ground water

pollution, poor air quality, land contamination, and pollution, poor air quality, land contamination, and other forms of environmental degradation.other forms of environmental degradation.

Political and social battles over where to locate and how Political and social battles over where to locate and how to pay for waste disposal facilities have been to pay for waste disposal facilities have been historically contentioushistorically contentious

37.37. Air PollutionAir PollutionWhy do we care?Why do we care? This indicator shows the number of days on which This indicator shows the number of days on which

ground level ozone, particulate matter, or carbon ground level ozone, particulate matter, or carbon monoxide was measured to be at unhealthy levels monoxide was measured to be at unhealthy levels somewhere in the community.somewhere in the community.

Many health problems are associated with poor Many health problems are associated with poor indoor air quality, which is often not measured in any indoor air quality, which is often not measured in any systematic way.systematic way.