Corporate Legitimacy and COVID-19

Corporate Legitimacy and COVID-19

Perceptions during the crisis in Peru

Results from the survey developed by Management & Business Economics Research Group (ReyJuan Carlos University), in collaboration with Fundación Camilo Prado, BlanquernaCommunication and International Relations Faculty (Universitat Ramon Llull) and EmersonCollege

Index

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Objective

Situation in Peru

Companies and Actions during COVID-19

Companies and Country Brand

Companies and Politics

Companies and Consumers

Consumers and the Media

Companies and Legitimacy

Data Sheet

Research Team

Objective

The health emergency caused by COVID-19 has created a complex context from the health point of view, but also from a social,economic and political perspective, which has led to an uncertain situation regarding the future.

Before COVID-19 companies were focused on the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. During this situation we haveseen how some of these goals improve (environmental) while others worsen in societies where many of them were alreadysurpassed. It is disturbing to see the increase in the economic, salary and gender gap, the entrepreneurship problems, the loss ofrights and liberties as well as the lack of respect to the elderly.

This situation made us think whether the institutions and companies were being responsible given the circumstances or not, ifthey were behaving in an ethical manner, and if their behavior during confinement was going to generate changes in the citizens'habits. Therefore, we asked ourselves, are companies doing what they should? Are they legitimate? Are they adapting to thisreality and helping the population?

In this study, we present the responses to the questions regarding the relationship between companies and Covid-19,responsible behavior, impact on our future consumption habits, our government and the legitimacy of companies during theconfinement in Peru.

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Peru: Evolution COVID-19

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Source: Ministry of Health of Perú (2020)

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

Deaths: 8.939Cases: 272. 364

4

Companies and Actions

during COVID-19

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17%

18%

18%

10%

27%

25%

22%

23%

30%

31%

35%

42%

18%

19%

19%

20%

8%

6%

6%

6%

1 2 3 4 5

Are the actions developed by companies during this crisis adequate?

Do these actions represent any benefit for citizens?

Do you think that they are adapting to the social demands arising from this situation?

And, considering the health emergency. Are they fulfilling the law?

Evaluate from 1 to 5, considering that 1 is completely disagree and 5 completely

agree

5


during COVID-19

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22%

15%

17%

30%

24%

24%

29%

33%

31%

16%

20%

20%

4%

9%

8%

1 2 3 4 5

Are they helping their employees to fulfill the law?

Are they fulfilling the health requirements?

In general terms, do you think that companies are being managed correctly in this situation?


agree


during COVID-19

26% perceive that companies

are fulfilling the Law

25% perceive that companies

are adapting successfully

to this crisis

28% believe that companies are

helping their employees

adapt to these

circumstances

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23%

26%

28%

29%

28%

30%

16%

11%

5%

5%

1 2 3 4 5

Companies andCountry Brand

16% consider

that they are a good or very good

example for other countries7mberesearch.com

Are they an example of how companies should be behaving in other countries under this

situation?

Are they contributing to improve our country´s image?


agree


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12%

13%

19%

11%

11%

18%

32%

21%

28%

31%

26%

24%

12%

28%

11%

1 2 3 4 5

Are they approaching this crisis better that our politicians?

Should they become available for the government to help them overcome this crisis?

What do you think about the European Union? Are they managing the situation better than our

companies?


agree


doing things better or

much better than our

politicians


doing things better or

much better than the

European Union

54% believe that companies

should become available

for the government to

help them overcome this

crisis


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14%

7%

19%

12%

15%

7%

12%

16%

23%

13%

20%

28%

24%

26%

25%

26%

24%

47%

23%

18%

1 2 3 4 5

When we return to our normal lives…will your perceptions have changed regarding some

companies?

Will the origin of products affect your purchase decisions? For example, made in China, made in

Bangladesh, made in Spain?

Are you worried about how COVID-19 will affect your profession and income level?

Are you concerned about it?


agree

44% consider that their

perceptions about

companies will

change

48% consider that the origin

of the product will

affect their purchase

decisions

73% believe that this

situation will affect

their income

The concern and anxiety that citizens are perceiving during the Covid-19 crisis will influence the perceptions about companies and on a higher propensity for consuming

products and services from charitable companies.

48% feel concerned


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Consumers and the Media

73%are tired or very tired of watching

the news and seeing that nothing

is changing 12mberesearch.com

9%

7%

12%

7%

19%

14%

29%

27%

31%

46%

1 2 3 4 5

Are you tired of watching the news and see that nothing is changing?

Do you consider that the media affect your opinion about companies?


agree

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-2,54%-4,10% -4,88%

-7,62% -8,79%

26,95%

21,29%

6,64%4,88% 4,30%

-15%

-10%

-5%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

Companies and LegitimacyRanking. Legitimacy by Sector

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18,95%

11,72%

7,03%

5,47%4,49%

3,32% 2,93%1,95% 1,95% 1,56%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

16%

18%

20%

Alicorp Banco deCrédito

San AntonioBakery

Gloria Leche WongSupermarket

BBVA San Fernando(Avícolas)

ArequipaAceros

Tottus S.A.Supermarket

AJE Group

Companies and LegitimacyRanking. Companies that gain Legitimacy

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-2,34% -2,34%-2,73%

-3,32% -3,32%-3,52%

-3,91%-4,30% -4,30%

-4,88%

-6%

-5%

-4%

-3%

-2%

-1%

0%

Intercorp Telefonicadel Perú

LatamAirlines

Claro Movistar SagaFafalabela

Government AFPs Cineplanet Inka Farma

Companies and LegitimacyRanking. Companies that loose Legitimacy

26% increase in the

legitimacy of the

Distribution sector

The actions developed by companies during the confinement have affected their legitimacy level. Companies which have behaved correctly,

adapting to social requirements, have reinforced their legitimacy.

Alicorp and Banco

de Crédito the

companies that gain more

legitimacy

Inka Farma

and

Cineplanet the

ones that loose more

legitimacy

Distribution and

Food are the sectors that gain

more legitimacy

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49,75% 45,71%37,50% 33,06%

27,69%

-25,47%-34,53%

-69,14%

-93,71%-100,00%

-120%

-80%

-40%

0%

40%

80%

Food Construction Education Energy Distribution Transport Telecom Leisure PublicAdministration

Pharmaceutical

Companies and LegitimacyRanking. Legitimacy impacts performance by Sector

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100,00%88,86%

50,78% 48,96%

20,51%

-42,15%

-86,78%-100,00% -100,00% -100,00%-110%

-60%

-10%

40%

90%

San AntonioBakery

Alicorp Banco deCrédito

Gloria Leche Tottus S.A.Supermercado

Telefonica delPerú

Gobierno AFPs Cineplanet Inka Farma

Companies and LegitimacyRanking. Legitimacy impacts performance by Companies

Some companies achieve very high legitimacy performance per each generated impact

Food and Construction are the

sectors which obtain a higher legitimacy

performance per generated impact

Public Administration and

Pharmaceutical are the sectors with less

legitimacy performance per generated impact

100% legitimacy performance

of San Antonio Bakery

per each generated

impact

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Data Sheet

Survey developed by Management & Business Economics Research Group from Rey Juan Carlos University,

in collaboration with Fundación Camilo Prado

Universe: Resident population in Peru with more than 18 years old

Sample: 511 anonymous effective responses

Sampling: Non-probabilistic through standardized snowball by population and regional structure

Contact method: Auto – administered online surveys

Field work: From the 29th of April to the 24th of May 2020

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Research Team

The research is being developed simultaneously in the following countries:

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SPAIN

ITALY

PORTUGAL

UNITED STATES

MEXICO

COLOMBIA

CHILE

PERU

22

Research Team

Dra. Alicia Blanco-González

Universidad Rey Juan CarlosProject Coordinator

Dr. Alfredo Delgado Guzmán

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoProject Coordinator Latam

Dr. Gregory Payne

Emerson CollegeProject Coordinator United States

Dr. Domenico Marino

Università degli Studi Mediterranea di Reggio CalabriaProject Coordinator Italy

Dr. Gabriel Cachón Rodríguez

Universidad Rey Juan CarlosDr. Jorge Luís Casas Novas

Universidade de ÉvoraDra. Cristina del Castillo-Feito

Universidad Rey Juan CarlosDra. Elsa Esther Choy Zevallos

Universidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosDr. Luis Tomás Díez de Castro

Fundación Camilo PradoDr. Francisco Díez-Martín

Universidad Rey Juan CarlosD. Fernando Flores

Foro Ecuménico SocialDr. Jaime Gil Lafuente

Universidad de BarcelonaDr. Raúl Gómez Martínez

Universidad Rey Juan CarlosD. Adrián López Balboa

Universidad Rey Juan Carlos

RESEARCH TEAM MEMBERS

Dr. Juan Gabriel Martinez Navalón

Universidad Rey Juan CarlosDra. Giorgia Miotto

Universidad Ramón LlullDña. Macarena Urenda

Universidad de Viña del MarDra. Paola Plaza Casado

Universidad Rey Juan CarlosDr. Camilo Prado Román

Universidad Rey Juan CarlosDr. Gustavo Rodríguez Albor

Universidad Autónoma del CaribeDra. María Luisa Saavedra

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoDr. Elías Ramírez Plazas

Universidad SurcolombianaDra. Berta Silva Palavecinos

Pontificia Universidad Católica de ValparaísoD. Pablo Suasnavas

Universidad Internacional Sek Ecuador

mberesearch.com

MBRESEARCH

http://www.mberesearch.com/ [email protected] @mbe_research

It is a recognized research group by Rey Juan Carlos University

One of its main lines is research about legitimacy

Publicactions in international impact journals: Review of Managerial Science, Journal Business Research, American

Behavioral Scientist, European Research on Management and Business Econonomics, European Journal of Management and

Business Economics, Journal of Management and Business Education, Management Decision, Psychology and Marketing,

International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, European Journal of International Management, among others

Paper presentations in national and international congresses: (U.S.A., Mexico, Japan, Italy, France, United Kingdom, Germany,

Romania, Latvia, Russia, Argentina, Hungary, Montenegro, Ecuador or Chile)

Awards: AEDEM, BME, ESIC, Reina María Cristina, IAMB, FESIDE, Cesgar, AJICEDE, CIBECEM, Reale, among others

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http://www.mberesearch.com/

mailto:[email protected]

https://twitter.com/mbe_research

Corporate Legitimacy and COVID-19Perceptions during the crisis in Peru

ISBN: 978-84-09-22015-1

Editor: Raúl Gómez Martínez

Authors / researchers: Alicia Blanco-González, Gabriel Cachón Rodríguez; Ana Cruz Suárez, Jorge Luís Casas Novas, Cristina

del Castillo-Feito, Elsa Esther Choy Zevallos, Alfredo Delgado Guzmán, Susana Díaz Iglesias, Luis Tomás Díez de Castro,

Francisco Díez-Martín, Sandra Escamilla Solano, Fernando Flores, Jaime Gil Lafuente, Raúl Gómez Martínez, Adrián López

Balboa, Domenico Marino, Juan Gabriel Martínez-Navalón, Giorgia Miotto, Mª del Carmen de la Orden de la Cruz, Laura

Pascual Nebreda, Gregory Payne, Jessica Paule Vianez, Iria Paz Gil, Paola Plaza Casado, Camilo Prado Román, Alberto

Prado Román, Miguel Prado Román, Elías Ramírez Plazas, Gustavo Rodríguez Albor, Berta Silva Palavecinos, María Luisa

Saavedra, Pablo Suasnavas, Macarena Urenda.

© 2020: Authors

Results from the survey developed by Management & Business Economics Research Group (Rey Juan Carlos University), incollaboration with Fundación Camilo Prado, Blanquerna (Universitat Ramon Llull) and Emerson College

Available ReportsCorporate Legitimacy and COVID-19

http://www.mberesearch.com/proyectos/proyecto-covid19-legitimidad

https://fundacioncamiloprado.org/proyectos/

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USA – NEW YORK

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http://www.mberesearch.com/proyectos/proyecto-covid19-legitimidad

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Corporate Legitimacy and COVID-19

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