coral reef bleaching

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Coral Reef Bleaching

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Transcript of coral reef bleaching

Page 1: coral reef bleaching

Coral Reef Bleaching

PPT By: Andrea Bonde

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Location, Location, Location

•Covers over 284,300 square kilometers of Earth’s surface.•No coral reefs on the west coasts of America and Africa because of upwelling and cold currents.

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• Biodiversity/Ecosystem•Plethora of animals and

plants live within and around Coral Reefs.• Zooxanthellae are a

very important symbiotic relationship.

Tropical Rainforest of the Ocean

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Zooxanthellae•Fixed Carbon

Compounds• Symbiotic Relationship

• Photosynthesis•Energy, enhanced

calcification, elemental nutrient flux.•Provide color

*Coral Reefs provide protection and steady supply of carbon dioxide.*

10 6 zooxanthellae cm 2

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=zooanthellae&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=lPOotX0wcsgyvM&tbnid=EoFK7Ste_SGPEM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.coralhub.info/terms/zooxanthellae/&ei=4YkZUcjlD8TXigLk14HQDw&bvm=bv.42261806,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNFLjetxLdXPUd3_lWSIIP50VIPryw&ust=1360714473849776
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Degradation• Anthropogenic:o Overexploitationo Overfishingo Increased

sedimentationo Increased nutrient

overload• Natural Causes:o Violent Stormso Floodingo High and Low

temperature extremes

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Ecological Causes• Temperature• Solar Irradiance• Subaerial Exposure• Sedimentation• Fresh Water

Dilution• Inorganic Nutrients

• Xenobiotics• Epizootics

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BleachingTwo main causes:

- - Density of zooxanthellae declines- - Photosynthetic pigments in zooxanthellae fall

-- 60-90% of zooxanthellae lost-- 50-80% of zooxanthellae loose photosynthetic pigments

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Can it get better?

• If not too severe they can recover in weeks-months. • If zooxanthellae loss is prolonged, the coral host

eventually dies.

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Hypothesis3 main hypothesis:

o High temp and irradiance stressors cause enzyme

disruption in zooxanthellaeo Photosynthesis pathways

are impaired at temps above 30*C

o Low and High temps cause cell adhesion dysfunction in

zooanthellae

o This is an adaptive mechanism

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Future Hope

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Works Cited

Buchheim, Jason. "Coral Reef Bleaching." Marine Biology With Odyssey Expeditions - Tropical Marine Biology Voyages!. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Feb. 2013. <http://www.marinebiology.org/coralbleaching.

htm>."Coral Bleaching on the Great Barrier Reef." reefED - Educate to keep it Great. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Feb. 2013. <http://www.reefed.edu.au/home/explorer/hot_

topics/coral_bleaching/coral_bleaching_on_the_great_barrier_reef>."Images." Earn Reward Points and Redeem Them For Free Stuff at Swagbucks.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Feb. 2013. <http://www.swagbucks.com/>.


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