Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2006 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 How Do Psychologists Explain...
-
Upload
stella-henderson -
Category
Documents
-
view
229 -
download
2
Transcript of Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2006 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 How Do Psychologists Explain...
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2006
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
How Do How Do PsychologistsPsychologists
Explain Explain Development?Development?
Development is a process of growth and change brought about by an interaction of
heredity and the environment
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2006
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Developmental PsychologyDevelopmental PsychologyThe study of how organisms change The study of how organisms change
over time as the result over time as the result of biologicalof biological (nature) and (nature) and environmentalenvironmental (nurture) (nurture)
influencesinfluences
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2006
41 Years in 60 Seconds (1966 - 2007)41 Years in 60 Seconds (1966 - 2007)
Watch video on YoutubeWatch video on Youtubehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZGgd0DUKok4http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZGgd0DUKok4
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2006
The Nature-NurtureInteraction
• Long-standing debate over the
relative importance of nature (heredity) and
nurture (environment) in their influence on
behavior and mental processes
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2006
The Nature-NurtureInteraction
• Twin Studies •
Developmental investigations in which twins, especially identical twins, are compared in the search for genetic and environmental effects
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2006
The Nature-NurtureInteraction
• Identical Twins
• A pair who started life as a single fertilized egg which later split into two distinct individuals
Fraternal Twins A pair who started
life as two separate fertilized eggs that happened to share the same womb
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2006
The Nature-NurtureInteraction
• Adoption Studies • Studies in which the
adopted child’s characteristics are compared to those of the biological family and the adoptive family
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2006
Twins Separated at Birth
• Watch video on Youtubehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0yTCShemS_0
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2006
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Gradual versus Abrupt Gradual versus Abrupt ChangeChange
Continuity ViewContinuity View Perspective that the development is Perspective that the development is
gradualgradual and and continuouscontinuous
Children become more skillful in thinking, Children become more skillful in thinking, talking, acting…in the same way they talking, acting…in the same way they become taller….through gradual become taller….through gradual developmentdevelopment
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2006
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Gradual versus Abrupt Gradual versus Abrupt ChangeChange
Discontinuity ViewDiscontinuity View Development proceeds in an uneven Development proceeds in an uneven
fashion…it can occur in burstsfashion…it can occur in bursts
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2006
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Continuity ViewContinuity View vs. vs. Discontinuity Discontinuity ViewView
Age
Per
form
ance
Continuity view
Discontinuity view