Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Chapter 1: American Federalism ...
-
Upload
sharon-weaver -
Category
Documents
-
view
225 -
download
1
Transcript of Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Chapter 1: American Federalism ...
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
Chapter 1: American Federalism
Defining Federalism Constitutional Structure
of American Federalism National Courts and
Federalism National Budget as a
Tool of Federalism Politics of Federalism
Defining FederalismLO 1.1 Interpret the definitions of federalism, and assess the advantages and disadvantages of the American system of federalism.
Federalism—text covers 6 types, but only 3 are really important (*)
• Dual*—limits national power• Cooperative*—more national power• Marble cake—mixed responsibilities• Competitive—all levels compete• Permissive—national dominance• New*--devolution to more state control
LO 1.1
Back to learning objectivesCopyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
Defining Federalism
Alternatives to Federalism• Unitary system• Confederation
LO 1.1
Back to learning objectives
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
Defining Federalism
Why Federalism? a compromiseAdvantages•Checks the growth of tyranny•Allows unity without conformity•Encourages experimentation•Provides training and develops leaders•Keeps government closer to the people
Disadvantages•Difficult to respond quickly to national problems•Difficult to hold elected officials accountable•Lack of uniformity leads to conflict•Variation in policies creates redundancies and inefficiencies
LO 1.1
Back to learning objectives
The Constitutional Structure of American FederalismLO 1.2 Differentiate the powers the Constitution provides to national and state governments.
• Powers of national government are delegated to it. (Article I, Section 8)
• National government is supreme.(Art. 6)• State governments have reserved powers.
(Amendment 10)• Both levels of government are denied some
powers. (Article I, Sections 9 and 10)
LO 1.2
Back to learning objectivesCopyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
Powers of the National Government•Delegated or “enumerated”•Implied – “necessary and proper” clause•Inherent—e.g. foreign affairs
The Constitutional Structure of American Federalism
LO 1.2
Back to learning objectives
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
Other National Powers•The War Power•The Power to Regulate Commerce •The Power to Tax and Spend
The Constitutional Structure of American Federalism
LO 1.2
Back to learning objectives
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
Powers of the State•Reserved—but must not conflict with national laws•Concurrent
The Constitutional Structure of American Federalism
LO 1.2
Back to learning objectives
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
Interstate Relationships•Full Faith and Credit (Article IV, Section 1)•Interstate Privileges and Immunities (Article IV, Section 2)•Extradition (also IV, 2)•Interstate Compacts (Commerce clause in Article I, Section 8)
The Constitutional Structure of American Federalism
LO 1.2
Back to learning objectives
The National Courts and FederalismLO 1.3 Assess the role of the national courts in defining the relationship between the national and state governments and evaluate the positions of decentralists and centralists.
• McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)• National Courts and the Relationship with the
States—back and forth and back and forth• Continuing battle in courts (e.g., the Health
Care Reform Act and Voter ID laws)
LO 1.3
Back to learning objectivesCopyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
The Great DebateCentralists•Abraham Lincoln, FDR•Reject the idea that the Constitution is an interstate compact•National government is the government of all the people
Decentralists•Antifederalists, Thomas Jefferson, Ronald Reagan•Constitution is a compact among sovereign states•National government should not interfere with activities of the states•Devolution revolution, states’ rights
The National Courts and FederalismLO 1.3
Back to learning objectives
The National Budget as a Tool of FederalismLO 1.4 Analyze the budget as a tool of federalism, and evaluate its impact on state and local governments.
• Supply state and local governments with revenue
• Establish minimum national standards• Equalize resources among the states• Attack national problems while minimizing
the growth of federal agencies
LO 1.4
Back to learning objectivesCopyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
Types of Federal Grants•Three types of grants used
Categorical-formula: usually some matching
Project: competitive
Block: often includes cuts
•The Politics of Federal Grants—NCLB (accept or reject or try to change)•Unfunded Mandates: Unfunded Mandates Act of 1995 has limited # passed
The National Budget as a Tool of Federalism
LO 1.4
Back to learning objectives
The Politics of FederalismLO 1.5 Evaluate the current relationship between the national and state governments and the future challenges for federalism.
• Growth of the National Government?• Has happened for many reasons: crises, state
failures, growing interdependence, nationalized economy and communications, citizen and interest group demands
• Future of Federalism? • Can we have less government and meet modern
challenges like terrorism? National disasters? Modernizing infrastructure? Modern education?
LO 1.5
Back to learning objectivesCopyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
The ___ type of government has power vested in a central authority.
A. Unitary
B. Federal
C. Confederate
LO 1.1
Back to learning objectives
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
The ___ type of government has power vested in a central authority.
A. Unitary
B. Federal
C. Confederate
LO 1.1
Back to learning objectives
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
State-only powers are known as ____.
A. Concurrent
B. Reserved
C. Extradition
D. Supremacy
LO 1.2
Back to learning objectives
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
State-only powers are known as ____.
A. Concurrent
B. Reserved
C. Extradition
D. Supremacy
LO 1.2
Back to learning objectives
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
Who of the following would have been a decentralist?
A. Abraham Lincoln
B. Franklin Delano Roosevelt
C. Ronald Reagan
D. All of the above
LO 1.3
Back to learning objectives
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
Who of the following would have been a decentralist?
A. Abraham Lincoln
B. Franklin Delano Roosevelt
C. Ronald Reagan
D. All of the above
LO 1.3
Back to learning objectives
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
___ are used for very strict controls of what states are doing in a general purpose.
A. Categorical-formula grants
B. Project grants
C. Block grants
D. Unfunded mandates
LO 1.4
Back to learning objectives
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
___ are used for very strict controls of what states are doing in a general purpose.
A. Categorical-formula grants
B. Project grants
C. Block grants
D. Unfunded mandates
LO 1.4
Back to learning objectives
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
What area makes it difficult to move away from central control?
A. Education
B. Homeland security
C. Immigration
D. All of the above
LO 1.5
Back to learning objectives