Copy the following on Copy the following on Portfolio p6Effects of the War of 1812Effects of the War of 1812

What Did Not ChangeWhat Did Not Change What Did ChangeWhat Did Change

1. 1.

2. 2.

1. 1.

2. 2.

3. 3.

Copy the following on Copy the following on Portfolio p7

First Phase of the War of 1812First Phase of the War of 1812 Second Phase of the War of 1812Second Phase of the War of 1812

DateDate EventEvent DateDate EventEvent

JuneJune18121812 Allow 3 linesAllow 3 lines AugustAugust

18141814

SeptemberSeptember18131813 Allow 3 linesAllow 3 lines September September

18141814

OctoberOctober18131813 Allow 3 linesAllow 3 lines December December

18141814

AprilApril18141814 Allow 3 linesAllow 3 lines JanuaryJanuary

18151815

Major Events of the War of 1812Major Events of the War of 1812

CHAPTER 10: THE THE JEFFERSON ERAJEFFERSON ERA

Section 4Section 4: The War of 1812The War of 1812

CHAPTER 10: THE THE JEFFERSON ERAJEFFERSON ERA

Section 4Section 4: The War of 1812The War of 1812

Today we will trace the major events of the Today we will trace the major events of the War of 1812 War of 1812 and list its outcomes.and list its outcomes.

Today we will trace the major events of the Today we will trace the major events of the War of 1812 War of 1812 and list its outcomes.and list its outcomes.

The War of 1812 War of 1812 BeginsThe War of 1812 War of 1812 Begins

Because it was already at war Because it was already at war with France in June with France in June 18121812, ,

Britain did not want another Britain did not want another war with the United States.war with the United States.

Because it was already at war Because it was already at war with France in June with France in June 18121812, ,

Britain did not want another Britain did not want another war with the United States.war with the United States.

The War of 1812 Begins

British leaders decided to stop interfering with U.S. shipping, but this

news didn’t reach America until it was too

late.

British leaders decided to stop interfering with U.S. shipping, but this

news didn’t reach America until it was too

late.

The War of 1812 Begins

Congress had already approved Madison’s request for a declaration of

war.

Congress had already approved Madison’s request for a declaration of

war.

The War of 1812 Begins

In the first phase of the war, from 1812–

1814, Britain concentrated on its war against France.

The War of 1812 BeginsThe War of 1812 Begins

• Britain spent little energy on the war with America, except to blockade the coast.

• After Britain defeated France, it turned its attention to the United States.

• Britain spent little energy on the war with America, except to blockade the coast.

• After Britain defeated France, it turned its attention to the United States.

When the war began, the United When the war began, the United States military was weak.States military was weak.

When the war began, the United When the war began, the United States military was weak.States military was weak.

• The navy had only The navy had only about 16 ships. about 16 ships.

• The army had fewer The army had fewer than 7,000 men, who than 7,000 men, who were poorly trained were poorly trained and equipped.and equipped.

• U.S. officers had U.S. officers had very little very little experience.experience.

• The navy had only The navy had only about 16 ships. about 16 ships.

• The army had fewer The army had fewer than 7,000 men, who than 7,000 men, who were poorly trained were poorly trained and equipped.and equipped.

• U.S. officers had U.S. officers had very little very little experience.experience.

After the After the BritishBritish defeated defeated FranceFrance in in AprilApril 18141814, , they would turn their they would turn their

complete attention to the complete attention to the UnitUnited Sted Statesates..

After the After the BritishBritish defeated defeated FranceFrance in in AprilApril 18141814, , they would turn their they would turn their

complete attention to the complete attention to the UnitUnited Sted Statesates..

The The First Phase First Phase of the Warof the WarThe The First Phase First Phase of the Warof the War

Although the U.S. Navy was small, its warships were the fastest afloat.

The U.S. Navy’s officers had gained valuable experience fighting the Barbary pirates.

Early stirring victories by ships such as the ConstitutionConstitution and the United StatesUnited States,,

won boostedboosted American confidence.

Early stirring victories by ships such as the ConstitutionConstitution and the United StatesUnited States,,

won boostedboosted American confidence.

The most important U.S. Naval U.S. Naval victoryvictory took place on Lake Erie in

September 1813September 1813.

The most important U.S. Naval U.S. Naval victoryvictory took place on Lake Erie in

September 1813September 1813.• A A British force British force on the lake attacked a force on the lake attacked a force

of American ships led by of American ships led by Oliver Hazard Oliver Hazard Perry. Perry.

• After two hours of battle, Perry’s ship was After two hours of battle, Perry’s ship was destroyed.destroyed.

• A A British force British force on the lake attacked a force on the lake attacked a force of American ships led by of American ships led by Oliver Hazard Oliver Hazard Perry. Perry.

• After two hours of battle, Perry’s ship was After two hours of battle, Perry’s ship was destroyed.destroyed.

Perry rowed to another ship, took charge, and went on to win the battle.

Perry rowed to another ship, took charge, and went on to win the battle.

The British were forced to begin a retreat back to Canada.

The British were forced to begin a retreat back to Canada.

On land, On land, General William Henry General William Henry Harrison Harrison chased the chased the fleeing fleeing

BritishBritish all the way to Canada and all the way to Canada and defeated them at the defeated them at the Battle of Battle of the Thamesthe Thames in in October, 1813.October, 1813.

On land, On land, General William Henry General William Henry Harrison Harrison chased the chased the fleeing fleeing

BritishBritish all the way to Canada and all the way to Canada and defeated them at the defeated them at the Battle of Battle of the Thamesthe Thames in in October, 1813.October, 1813.

General William Henry Harrison’s General William Henry Harrison’s victory put an end to the

British threat to the Northwest.

General William Henry Harrison’s General William Henry Harrison’s victory put an end to the

British threat to the Northwest.

Tecumseh died in the battle fighting for the British.

Tecumseh died in the battle fighting for the British.

The Indian threat to the Northwest was over.

By April 1814, Napoleon had been defeated and Britain focused on the war against America.

The Second Phase of the War

The Second Phase of the WarThe Second Phase of the War

In In August August of of 18141814, British , British

forces invaded forces invaded the United States the United States and burned the and burned the Capitol building Capitol building

and the and the President’s President’s mansion.mansion.

In September 1814, British ships shelled Fort McHenry

near Baltimore in an all-night battle.

In September 1814, British ships shelled Fort McHenry

near Baltimore in an all-night battle.

An oversized American flag had been sewn by

Mary Pickersgill for exactly $405.90 in anticipation of the

British attack on the fort. When Key saw

the flag emerge intact in the dawn of

September 14, he was so moved that

he began that morning to compose

the poem "The The Defence of Fort Defence of Fort McHenryMcHenry" which would later be

renamed "The Star-Spangled Banner

" and become theUnited States' national anthem.

A Washington

Lawyer named

Francis Scott Key watched the battle

all night from a nearby ship.

At dawn, he could see that the flag was still flying. Francis Scott Key showed his pride by writing

what would become “The Star-Spangled Banner,” our national anthem.

At dawn, he could see that the flag was still flying. Francis Scott Key showed his pride by writing

what would become “The Star-Spangled Banner,” our national anthem.

Oh, say, can you see, by the dawn's early light, Oh, say, can you see, by the dawn's early light, What so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming? What so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming?

Whose broad stripes and bright stars, thru the perilous fight, Whose broad stripes and bright stars, thru the perilous fight, O'er the ramparts we watched, were so gallantly streaming? O'er the ramparts we watched, were so gallantly streaming?

And the rockets' red glare, the bombs bursting in air, And the rockets' red glare, the bombs bursting in air, Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there. Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there.

O say, does that star-spangled banner yet wave O say, does that star-spangled banner yet wave O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave?O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave?

Oh, say, can you see, by the dawn's early light, Oh, say, can you see, by the dawn's early light, What so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming? What so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming?

Whose broad stripes and bright stars, thru the perilous fight, Whose broad stripes and bright stars, thru the perilous fight, O'er the ramparts we watched, were so gallantly streaming? O'er the ramparts we watched, were so gallantly streaming?

And the rockets' red glare, the bombs bursting in air, And the rockets' red glare, the bombs bursting in air, Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there. Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there.

O say, does that star-spangled banner yet wave O say, does that star-spangled banner yet wave O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave?O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave?

On the shore dimly seen through the mists of the deep, On the shore dimly seen through the mists of the deep, Where the foe's haughty host in dread silence reposes, Where the foe's haughty host in dread silence reposes, What is that which the breeze, o'er the towering steep, What is that which the breeze, o'er the towering steep,

As it fitfully blows, half conceals, half discloses? As it fitfully blows, half conceals, half discloses? Now it catches the gleam of the morning's first beam, Now it catches the gleam of the morning's first beam,

In full glory reflected, now shines on the stream: In full glory reflected, now shines on the stream: Tis the star-spangled banner: O, long may it wave Tis the star-spangled banner: O, long may it wave

O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave! O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave! 

On the shore dimly seen through the mists of the deep, On the shore dimly seen through the mists of the deep, Where the foe's haughty host in dread silence reposes, Where the foe's haughty host in dread silence reposes, What is that which the breeze, o'er the towering steep, What is that which the breeze, o'er the towering steep,

As it fitfully blows, half conceals, half discloses? As it fitfully blows, half conceals, half discloses? Now it catches the gleam of the morning's first beam, Now it catches the gleam of the morning's first beam,

In full glory reflected, now shines on the stream: In full glory reflected, now shines on the stream: Tis the star-spangled banner: O, long may it wave Tis the star-spangled banner: O, long may it wave

O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave! O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave! 

O, thus be it ever when freemen shall stand, O, thus be it ever when freemen shall stand, Between their loved home and the war's desolation! Between their loved home and the war's desolation!

Blest with victory and peace, may the heav'n-rescued land Blest with victory and peace, may the heav'n-rescued land Praise the Power that hath made and preserved us a nation! Praise the Power that hath made and preserved us a nation!

Then conquer we must, when our cause it is just, Then conquer we must, when our cause it is just, And this be our motto: "In God is our trust" And this be our motto: "In God is our trust"

And the star-spangled banner in triumph shall wave And the star-spangled banner in triumph shall wave O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave! O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave!

 

O, thus be it ever when freemen shall stand, O, thus be it ever when freemen shall stand, Between their loved home and the war's desolation! Between their loved home and the war's desolation!

Blest with victory and peace, may the heav'n-rescued land Blest with victory and peace, may the heav'n-rescued land Praise the Power that hath made and preserved us a nation! Praise the Power that hath made and preserved us a nation!

Then conquer we must, when our cause it is just, Then conquer we must, when our cause it is just, And this be our motto: "In God is our trust" And this be our motto: "In God is our trust"

And the star-spangled banner in triumph shall wave And the star-spangled banner in triumph shall wave O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave! O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave!

 

The Battle of Lake ChamplainThe Battle of Lake ChamplainThe Battle of Lake ChamplainThe Battle of Lake Champlain• In the North, the British sent a force In the North, the British sent a force

from Canada across Lake Champlain. from Canada across Lake Champlain.

• Its goal was to push south and cut off Its goal was to push south and cut off New England. New England.

• But in But in September 1814September 1814, an , an American American fleet fleet defeated a defeated a British fleetBritish fleet in the in the Battle of Lake ChamplainBattle of Lake Champlain..

• In the North, the British sent a force In the North, the British sent a force from Canada across Lake Champlain. from Canada across Lake Champlain.

• Its goal was to push south and cut off Its goal was to push south and cut off New England. New England.

• But in But in September 1814September 1814, an , an American American fleet fleet defeated a defeated a British fleetBritish fleet in the in the Battle of Lake ChamplainBattle of Lake Champlain..

The Battle of Lake Champlain, also known as

the Battle of Plattsburgh

, fought on September 11, September 11,

18141814, ended the final British

invasion of the northern states

during the War of 1812.

Fought just prior to the signing of

the Treaty of Ghent,

the American victory denied the British any

leverage to demand

exclusive control over the

Great Lakes or territorial gains

against the New England

states.

In the South, the British targeted the strategic port of New Orleans.

In the South, the British targeted the strategic port of New Orleans.

A A U.S. generalU.S. general, , Andrew JacksonAndrew Jackson, put , put together an army to defend the port city… together an army to defend the port city…

A A U.S. generalU.S. general, , Andrew JacksonAndrew Jackson, put , put together an army to defend the port city… together an army to defend the port city…

The Battle of New OrleansThe Battle of New Orleans

When the When the BritishBritish launched their launched their attack in attack in January 1815January 1815, their , their

7,500 troops were quickly 7,500 troops were quickly defeated defeated byby Jackson’s soldiersJackson’s soldiers..

When the When the BritishBritish launched their launched their attack in attack in January 1815January 1815, their , their

7,500 troops were quickly 7,500 troops were quickly defeated defeated byby Jackson’s soldiersJackson’s soldiers..

Victory in New Orleans

Victory in New Orleans

• American casualties totaled 71, compared to Britain’s 2,000.

• Victory in the Victory in the Battle Battle of New Orleansof New Orleans made made JacksonJackson a a national national hero.hero.

• American casualties totaled 71, compared to Britain’s 2,000.

• Victory in the Victory in the Battle Battle of New Orleansof New Orleans made made JacksonJackson a a national national hero.hero.

The Treaty of Ghent

Unknown to Jackson at the time, the Treaty of Treaty of GhentGhent ending the War of 1812 War of 1812 had been signed

two weeks earlier, in December 1814December 1814.

Unknown to Jackson at the time, the Treaty of Treaty of GhentGhent ending the War of 1812 War of 1812 had been signed

two weeks earlier, in December 1814December 1814.

Under the terms of the Treaty of Ghent: 1) no territory exchanged hands2) none of the other issues and disputes were resolved.

The War of 1812 had no clear winner.The War of 1812 had no clear winner.

But the War of 1812 still had several important outcomes.

1) The heroic exploits of

men such as Jackson and

Perry increased American

patriotism.

2) The war broke the strength of

Native Americans, who had sided with

the British.

3)3) Because the war had interrupted trade, Because the war had interrupted trade, Americans were forced to make many of their Americans were forced to make many of their own goods. own goods. This This encouraged the growth encouraged the growth of U.S. of U.S.

manufacturers. manufacturers.

3)3) Because the war had interrupted trade, Because the war had interrupted trade, Americans were forced to make many of their Americans were forced to make many of their own goods. own goods. This This encouraged the growth encouraged the growth of U.S. of U.S.

manufacturers. manufacturers.

17. What was the most significant outcome of the

War of 1812?

The United States proved it could defend itself The United States proved it could defend itself against the mightiest military power of the time, against the mightiest military power of the time,

and the independence of the United States and the independence of the United States was cemented and confirmed .was cemented and confirmed .

The United States proved it could defend itself The United States proved it could defend itself against the mightiest military power of the time, against the mightiest military power of the time,

and the independence of the United States and the independence of the United States was cemented and confirmed .was cemented and confirmed .

Most significantly, this victory caused a Most significantly, this victory caused a new sense of national pride and political new sense of national pride and political

unity to sweep the country. unity to sweep the country.

Most significantly, this victory caused a Most significantly, this victory caused a new sense of national pride and political new sense of national pride and political

unity to sweep the country. unity to sweep the country.