Cooperativisme contra la Crsisi

78

description

Una publicacio de la Fundacio Pere Ardiaca

Transcript of Cooperativisme contra la Crsisi

Page 1: Cooperativisme contra la Crsisi
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*$($>"B$i$(<"().*$D'.(").*TE&).(D.%("*()$>=&.()*&>lG&).(/().BJ&"%G"("B(.='.*"G$(*$($%P,&G")G,%$(&B'G&G,)&.B$*(<"*(.%<"B(>,B<&$*5(( (?$'(J.)"'()%KG&)$'(<"'<"(<"BG%.(<"*('&'G">$(P,"('"(.K$B($*(D%&B)&D&.(<"(*$()%&'&'(%")*$>$B<.(>l'(['G$<.(/(>"B.'(>"%)$<.A(>l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lB<.'"( *$'().B<&)&.B"'(<"(J&<$(<"( *.'( G%$=$X$<.%"'("B(G.<.("*(>,B<.5(j.(<"="("OG%$o$%A(D,"'A(P,"(>&"BG%$'(**"E$(\"*<.%$<.](D%.>"G&<.().B(*$'(%"C.%>$'A(*$().B"($Bi$(J,"*J$($(<"D.'&G$%'"("B("*($,G.">D*".A(*$'(">D%"'$'(<"(").B.>K$('.)&$*(/(*$'(D.*KG&)$'(<"(.C"%G$(<"'<"(*.'(l>=&G.'(*.)$*"'(G$*(/().>.(.),%%&T(G%$'(*$()%&'&'(<"(*.'('"G"BG$5(((([B( "'G$( ).>,B&)$)&TB( '"( D%"G"B<"( $B$*&i$%( *$'( <&C"%"B)&$'( P,"( "O&'G"B("BG%"(*$'()..D"%$G&J$'().B(.G%.'(G&D.'(<"(">D%"'$(/(%"!("O&.B$%('.=%"(*$().B"($Bi$(P,"('"(G&"B"("B("'G$(&B'G&G,)&TB().>.(>.G.%($BG&)%&'&'(/(<"(G%$B'1C.%>$)&TB('.)&$*5(R.>"BG$%">.'(G$B('T*.($'D")G.'(%"*"J$BG"'(P,"(G&"B"B(P,"(J"%().B("*(D%.)"'.(<"(G.>$(<"(<")&'&.B"'("B("*(l>=&G.(<"(,B&<$<"'(D%.<,)G&J$'($=&"%G$'(/A(D.%(G$BG.A(P,"(>$BG&"B"B(!(,X.'(<"(&BG"%)$>=&.().B(.G%$'(">D%"'$'x("B("'"('"BG&<.A(<&C"%"B)&$>.'("BG%"("*(D%.)"'.(<"(D%.1<,))&TB(/("*(D%.)"'.(<"()&%),*$)&TB(<"(=&"B"'(/('"%J&)&.'(P,"('$G&'C$)"B(B")"'&<$<"'(/(<"'".'(&B<&J&<,$*"'(/().*")G&J.'5(j.("'Gl(<"(>l'(%").%<$%(P,"( *$'(D%"C"%"B)&$'( &B<&J&<,$*"'( /( ).*")G&J$'(B.( '.B($X"B$'($*( '&'G">$(").BT>&).( /( '.)&$*( <.>&B$BG"A( '&"B<.(>.*<"$<$'( D.%( *$'( &B'G&G,)&.B"'("O&'G"BG"'(>l'($**l(<"(,B$(',D,"'G$($,G.B.>K$(<"*().B',>&<.%(.(<"*(D%.1<,)G.%5(j.("O&'G"BA(D,"'A(<")&'&.B"'(">D%"'$%&$*"'("B($='G%$)G.A('&B.(>"1<&$G&i$<$'(D.%("*().BG"OG.('.)&$*(/(").BT>&).(&>D"%$BG"("B()$<$(>.>"B1G.A(/("B("'$(>"<&<$("*()..D"%$G&J&'>.( G&"B"(,B().>D.%G$>&"BG.(<&'G&BG.('"EdB("*('&'G">$(").BT>&).("B(P,"('"(&B'"%G$(/("*(>.<"*.(P,"($<.DG$("'"('&'G">$("B()$<$(G&">D.(/(*,E$%5(Y'K(D,"'A(*$()%&'&'(<"*()$D&G$*&'>.(<"J.%$(G$>=&WBA().>.(N$G,%B.($(',(I&X.A(*$'(C.%>$'(<"(D%.<,))&TB(B.()$D&G$*&'G$'(P,"("O&'G"B("B(',('"B.5

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L":26910:2-4.8069E09/1.Ed--4e8

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D.*KG&).'(P,"( G&"B"B( *$( %"D%"'"BG$)&TB(<"( *.'( &BG"%"'"'().*")G&J.'A(<"(*$($D"%G,%$(<"(','().B'"X.'(<"($<>&B&'G%$)&TB($(*.'(%"D%"'"BG$BG"'(<"(*.'(G%$=$X$<.%"'(/h.(<"(*.'(,',$%&.'(<"(','('"%J&)&.'A($'K().>.(<"(*$'(),.G$'(<"(D.<"%($'&EB$<.($()$<$().*")G&J.5(@"B'">.'("B(*$(E.="%B$B1i$(<"(*$'(,B&J"%'&<$<"'(Dd=*&)$'("'D$o.*$'(.(<"(*$'()$X$'(<"($I.%%.(D$%$().BJ"B)"%B.'(<"(P,"(*$().E"'G&TB(B.($)$=$().B(*.'(D%.=*">$'(<"($E"B)&$(.().B(*$'(>$*$'(D%l)G&)$'5((([B("*()$'.(<"(*$'()..D"%$G&J$'A(*.'()..D"%$G&J&'G$'(D$%G&)&D$B("B(*$(<"1)&'&TB(<"($),"%<.().B("*(D%&B)&D&.(<"(\,B(I.>=%"A(,B(J.G.]A(D"%.("'G.("OD*&)$(P,"("'G$'(">D%"'$'('"().B'G&G,/$B().B(D"%'.B$'(<"(D$%")&<.(D$G%&>.B&.(").BT>&).(/(P,"(G"BE$B(<&"(),*G$<(D$%$($>D*&$%(',()$D&G$*('.)&$*('&B(>"B.')$=.(<"(','(D%&B)&D&.'()..D"%$G&J.'5(z().>.("B(G.<$(.%E$B&i$)&TB(I,>$B$A("*(E%$<.(<"($)G&J&'>.(<"(*.'('.)&.'("B(*$(G.>$(<"(<")&'&.B"'("'(>,/(<"'&E,$*($(>"<&<$(P,"($,>"BG$(',(Bd>"%.(/('"(%"<,)"( *$( G%$B'D$%"B)&$("B( *$(<"*"E$)&TB(<"(D.<"%"'5([*()$Gl*.E.(%").>"B<$<.(<"(=,"B$'(D%l)G&)$'(J$(<&%&E&<.($(C$)&*&G$%(*$(&BC.%>$)&TB(/(D$%G&)&D$)&TB(<"(*.'(D%.D&"G$%&.'("B(*$'(<")&'&.B"'(<"(*.'(R.B'"X.'(<"(Y<>&B&'G%$)&TBM(<"*(.%E$B&E%$>$(X"%l%P,&).($*($'$>=*"$%&'>.(I$/(,B$("B.%>"(D*$'G&)&<$<("B( *$'( C.%>$'(<"("X"%)&)&.(<"*(D.<"%(">D%"'$%&$*A(D"%.("'(*$(&BG"%&.%&i$)&TB(<"(*.'(J$*.%"'(<">.)%lG&).'(/(<"(*$(%"'D.B1'$=&*&<$<( '.)&$*( "B( )$<$(D$%GK)&D"( *.( P,"(E$%$BG&i$( "*( WO&G.( <"("'G$'(CT%>,*$'A(D,"'("*($=,'.(<"(D.<"%(/(*$(<"'>.G&J$)&TB(D$%G&)&D$G&J$('.B(%"$*&<$<"'(P,"(B.(<"'$D$%")"B('T*.().B(()$>=&.'(*"E&'*$G&J.'(.().B(*$(C.%>$(X,%K<&)$()..D"%$G&J$5(=c(@.%(*.(P,"(%"'D")G$($(*.'('&'G">$'(<"(&B)"BG&J.'A(W'G"("'(D%.=$=*"1>"BG"("*($',BG.(<"(>$/.%()$*$<.(&<".*TE&).(/(D.*KG&).5([B(*$'(">D%"1'$'()$D&G$*&'G$'A("*("O)"<"BG"A("'G.("'A( *$(E$B$B)&$A('"( *$($D%.D&$(<"(C.%>$( KBG"E%$("*(D%.D&"G$%&.(<"( *.'(>"<&.'(<"(D%.<,))&TB("B( C,B)&TB(<"(',($D.%G$)&TB($*()$D&G$*('.)&$*5([B("'"('"BG&<.A(*.'(G%$=$X$<.%"'(E"1B"%$<.%"'(<"(G$*"'(E$B$B)&$'('.B("OD%.D&$<.'(<"(*$(>&'>$A().'$(P,"(B.(.),%%"("B(*$'(">D%"'$'()..D"%$G&J$'(<.B<"('"(C,B<"("B(*$(>&'>$(D"%'.B$(*$().B<&)&TB(<"(D%.D&"G$%&.(/(G%$=$X$<.%5(['()&"%G.(P,"(>,)I$'(">D%"'$'(>.<"%B&i$B(','(D.*KG&)$'(<"(%"),%'.'(I,>$B.'(=,')$B<.(*$().>D*&)&<$<(<"(*.'($'$*$%&$<.'().B(*.'(.=X"G&J.'(<"(*$(">D%"'$A(D"%.(*.'( &BG"%"'"'( <"( G%$=$X$<.%"'( /( ">D%"'$%&.'( )I.)$B( C%"),"BG">"BG"("B(*.().B)"%B&"BG"($(*$'().B<&)&.B"'(<"(G%$=$X.(/($*(%"D$%G.(<"*(J$*.%($o$<&<.(<"'"$<.'(D.%(,B.'(/(D.%(.G%.'5(z($,BP,"('"(D%"E.B"B(*$'(J"B1G$X$'(<"(*$(%"'D.B'$=&*&<$<('.)&$*().%D.%$G&J$A('.B(D.)$'(*$'(">D%"'$'(P,"(B.($D%.J")I$B(',(D.<"%(<"(>"%)$<.(D$%$(&>D.B"%().B<&)&.B"'(<"(

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[B().B'"),"B)&$A(*$(E"B"%$)&TB(<"("'"(B,"J.(>.<"*.(<"(<">.)%$)&$(B.()$="("'D"%$%*.(<"*(*$<.(<"(*.'(&<"T*.E.'("("*"'($(*$(.%G.<.O&$().>,B&'G$A(P,"(G$)I$B(<"(',>&'&TB($*(B".*&="%$*&'>.(),$*P,&"%(D%.D,"'G$($*G"%B$G&J$(P,"(B.(D$'"(D.%(*$(D*$B&"()$)&TB()"BG%$*&i$<$A(*$().B)"D)&TB('G$X$B.J&'G$(<"*(G%$=$X.A(*$($=.*&)&TB(<"(*$(D%.D&"<$<(D%&J$<$A('"$(),$*('"$(',(C.%>$(/(',(,'.A(/(*$("OG&B)&TB(<"(*$(D%.<,))&TB(<"(D*,'J$*K$(kD.%()&"%G.A(,B().>1D*"G.().BG%$'"BG&<.().B(*$(<&'G&B)&TB(>$%O&'G$("BG%"(J$*.%(<"(,'.(/(J$*.%(<"()$>=&.(<"(*$(C,"%i$(<"(G%$=$X.kA(B&( G$>D.).()$="("'D"%$%*.(<"*( *$<.(<"(*.'(&<"T*.E.'(<"(*$(G"%)"%$(JK$(<"(a.B/(#*$&%(/(',(%">$-"("B(G.%B.($(#$1%$)-(p=$>$A(B&(<"(*.'(I"%"<"%.'(",%.D".'(<"(*$('.)&$*<">.)%$)&$(<"(p*.C(@$*>"(/(v&**/(#%$B<GA(),/.'(D$%G&<.'(/(D.*KG&)$'A("B(*$(*TE&)$(<"(*$(*,)I$(D.%("*(D.<"%A(I$B($=$B<.B$<.(','().BG"B&<.'( &<".*TE&).'("'D")K"().'(/("*(>.<"*.(<"(D$%G&<.(<"()*$'"A().BJ&%G&WB<.'"("B(\>lP,&B$']("*")G.%$*"'().>D,"'G.'A(<"(,B$(D$%G"A(D.%("OD"%G.'("B(%"*$)&.B"'(Dd=*&)$'(/($'"'.%"'(<"( &>$E"BA( P,"(>$B"X$B( <">$ETE&)$>"BG"( ,B$( %"GT%&)$( D%.E%"'&'G$A( /(D.%(.G%$(D$%G"A(<"(>&*&G$BG"'(G%&=$*"'A("B(*.'(P,"(D%"J$*")"(*$(D"%G"B"B)&$($*(E%,D.(/("*(&BG"%W'(D"%'.B$*(D.%("B)&>$(<"(),$*P,&"%().BJ&))&TB(.(J&'&TB(<"(C,G,%.5(

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R.>.(I$(<")*$%$<.("*($BG&E,.(<&%&E"BG"('&B<&)$*(/($)G,$*(D%"'&<"BG"("*")1G.(<"(#%$'&*( ?,&i( UBH)&.(?,*$A("*( D*"B.("X"%)&)&.(<"( *$( '.="%$BK$(D.D,*$%(<"D"B<"(<"(*$()$D$)&<$<(<"(*.'(G%$=$X$<.%"'(D$%$().BG%.*$%(<">.)%lG&)$1>"BG"( *$'(<")&'&.B"'(").BT>&)$'5(R&"%G$>"BG"A("B().BG%$(<"( *$(.D&B&TB(<"($P,"**.'(D"B'$<.%"'(P,"().>.(^"%="%G(n$%),'"()%"K$B(P,"("*(>$/.%(<"'$CK.($*()$D&G$*&'>.(D%.)"<"%K$(<"($P,"**.'('")G.%"'('.)&$*"'($*(>$%E"B(<"*(>,B<.(").BT>&).(/(<"*(G%$=$X.A().>.(*.'("'G,<&$BG"'A(*.'(<"'">D*"1$<.'(.( *.'()K%),*.'(<"($)G&J&'G$'( bC">&B&'G$'A(").*.E&'G$'A(<"C"B'.%"'(<"(*$'(*&="%G$<"'()&J&*"'A(>&B.%K$'(WGB&)$'A($BG&E*.=$*&i$)&TBA("G)5cA($*("BG"B<"%(P,"(*$()*$'"(.=%"%$("'G$=$(&B>"%'$("B(,B(D%.)"'.(<"(<&'.*,)&TB(/(I$=K$(&BG"%&.%&i$<.(*.'(J$*.%"'(<"*()$D&G$*&'>.A(>"(D.'&)&.B.("BG%"($P,"**.'(P,"()%""B( P,"( "'"( <"'$CK.( 'T*.( D,"<"( D%.)"<"%( <"( *.'( G%$=$X$<.%"'( "B( ',(%"*$)&TB(*$=.%$*A("B(*$(>"<&<$("B(P,"(',(D%$O&'(&B)&<"(<"(**"B.("B(*$().B1'"%J$)&TB(.(',D"%$)&TB(<"*()$D&G$*&'>.5(N"(G%$G$A("B(<""(B&G&J$A(<"(%").E"%("*(G"'G&E.(<"($P,"**$'(D%.D,"'G$'(D%.E%"'&'G$'(P,"().B<,X"%.B($*(['G$<.(<"*(=&"B"'G$%A($=$B<.B$<$'(I./("B(<K$(D.%(G.<.'(*.'(E.=&"%B.'A(/($J$Bi$%(I$)&$(,B$("C")G&J$(<">.)%$)&$(").BT>&)$A( *,)I$B<.(D.%( *$(D$%G&)&D$)&TB(<&%")G$(<"(*.'(G%$=$X$<.%"'("B(*$(E"'G&TB(<"(*$'(">D%"'$'5(@.%P,"(<"*(*.E%.(<"("'G$( *"EKG&>$($'D&%$)&TB(<"D"B<"A('&B(B")"'&<$<(<"(,B(D%.E%$>$(<"(B$)&.B$*&i$)&.B"'(.(<"(,B$().*")G&J&i$)&TB(<"(*.'(>"<&.'(<"(D%.<,))&TBA("*(C.>"BG.(<"*(D*"B.(">D*".().B("*().BG%.*(<">.)%l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dB&)$(*TE&)$("'(*$(<"*(>lO&>.(="B""()&.().B("*(>KB&>.().'G"($().%G.(D*$i.A(D.%(,B$(B,"J$(").B.>K$(=$'$<$("B(*$'(B")"'&<$<"'(D%"'"BG"'(/(C,G,%$'(<"(*$'(D"%'.B$'5(

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"B(%"*$)&TB(.%ElB&)$().B("*($>.%(/("*().B.)&>&"BG.A().B'G&G,/"(*$(=$'"(<"(*$(J&<$('.)&$*A('.=%"(*$(),$*("'(D.'&=*"(*$(%"E,*$)&TB(%$)&.B$*(<"(*$'(%"*$)&.1B"'('.)&$*"'(P,"('"(I$/$B(.%&E&B$<.(<"(,B(>.<.(B$G,%$*(/(J&G$*>"BG"(B"1)"'$%&.5(mB(>.<"*.A()$="(<")&%A(P,"(G&"B"("B("*(>.>"BG.(I&'GT%&).($)G,$*(,B$(E%$B(J$*&<"i(/(J&E"B)&$(D.%(*$'(%"!("O&.B"'('.)&.*TE&)$'(/(D'&).*TE&)$'(P,"($D.%G$(D$%$().>=$G&%("*()%")&"BG"(&%%$)&.B$*&'>.('.)&$*(/(I$)"%(C%"BG"($*(D"*&E%.(<"(,B$(J,"*G$($*(C$')&'>.(D.%(JK$(<"*(G.G$*&G$%&'>.(").BT>&).(<"*()$D&G$*&'>.(E*.=$*(/(<"*($,G.%&G$%&'>.(D.*KG&).(<"*(B".*&="%$*&'>.5(@.%(.G%.(*$<.A("*(>l'(%")&"BG"(>.<"*.($,G.E"'G&.B$%&.(<"('.)&$*&'>.(<"(>"%)$<.A().B(D*$B&"()$)&TB(<"')"BG%$*&i$<$(<"(*$'(&BJ"%'&.B"'A(D%.D,"'G.(D.%(!$J&<(N)I;"&)-$%GA(),"'G&.B$(G$BG.(*$(""()&"B)&$(").BT>&)$().>.(*$(<&>"B'&TB(WG&)$(<"*()$D&G$*&'>.A(/(D*$BG"$(,B$($*G"%B$G&J$(>l'(%$i.B$=*"("B(*$(>"<&1<$(P,"(',(>.<"*.(D"%>&G"($*)$Bi$%(,B(>$/.%(E%$<.(<"(&E,$*<$<A(*&="%G$<A(X,'G&)&$(/(<">.)%$)&$("B(*$(J&<$('.)&$*A($'K().>.(,B(>$/.%('"BG&<.(/($,G.1%%"$*&i$)&TB("B("*( G%$=$X.5(Y'&>&'>.A(<""("B<"(*$(B")"'&<$<(<"(&>D*$BG$%(*.'( <"%")I.'( ").BT>&).'( <"( *.'( G%$=$X$<.%"'( /( **"J$%( *$( <">.)%$)&$( $*(l>=&G.(<"(*$(%"*$)&TB(*$=.%$*A(G"%>&B$B<.(<"("'G"(>.<.().B(,B$(&BX,'G$(/(J"%E.Bi.'$("O)*,'&TB5(

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