Cooper Lobesia Vit Fair for website Oct2010cenapa.ucdavis.edu/files/61547.pdf · 2010. 11. 9. ·...
Transcript of Cooper Lobesia Vit Fair for website Oct2010cenapa.ucdavis.edu/files/61547.pdf · 2010. 11. 9. ·...
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European Grapevine Moth, Lobesia botrana:
The Year in Review
Monica L. Cooper UC Cooperative Extension, Napa
Viticulture Farm Advisor November 4, 2010
Jack K Clark Jack K Clark
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Life cycle Adult (Moth)
Egg
Larva (caterpillar)
Jack Kelly Clark
Monica Cooper
80-160 eggs per ♀
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Larva is the damaging life stage; Larval health determines adult fitness.
Monica Cooper
Monica Cooper
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Life cycle Adult (Moth)
Egg
Larva (caterpillar)
Pupa
Jack Kelly Clark
Monica CooperJack Kelly Clark
Generation: Egg to adult
3 generations per year Spring-Summer-Summer
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1st generationpre-bloom to berry set
Monica Cooper
Monica Cooper
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1st generationpre-bloom to berry set
Monica Cooper
Full bloom is easy time to scout
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2nd generationPea-sized berry to veraison
Do we have photos?
Javier Saénz Zangheri et al. 1992
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2nd generationPea-sized berry to veraison
Do we have photos?
Monica Cooper
Monica Cooper
Scouting
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3rd generationPost-veraison to harvest
Do we have photos?
LuciaVarela
Monica Cooper
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Jack K Clark
Projects and Experiments 2010
Monitoring Program
Alternate Host Survey
Insecticide Trials
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Monitoring Program, 2010
UC Cooperative Extension
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5 vineyards 2 olive groves
Oakville, Rutherford, St Helena, 3rd Ave
Traps checked 3 times per week
Results published in online newsletter
Pheromone traps to monitor male flight
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Spring flight
Mal
es p
er t
rap
per
day
08
15
22
29
05
14
19
23
28
04
07
12
Mar Apr May
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Trap Data Summary
49 days55 days98 daysDuration
Sep 30Aug 6May 31End date
not observed
not observed
Apr 29-May 3
Start of Egg hatch
Sep 8June 30Apr 22Peak flight
Aug 12June 10Feb 22Start date
1st flight 2nd flight 3rd flight
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Host Monitoring 2010
Monica Cooper
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V. vinifera
Daphne gnidium
Secondary hosts:OliveBlackberryGooseberryBlack & Red currantCherryPrunePersimmonKiwiPomegranate JF Gaffard
Daphne gnidiumMain hosts:
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Olive flowers may host larvae in the spring. Olive fruit is not a host
Monica Cooper
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1,011 3367,277 (3)Feb 22-May 31
389 283224 (3)Jun 10-Aug 6
3 113 (4)Aug 12-Sep 30
Within 200 m/ Outside 200 m
Trapped Males
267Larvae Apr 1-Jun 14
82079Eggs Apr 1-Jun 14
Grape OliveUC Monitoring
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Alternate Host Survey Greg Simmons
Napa River (Rutherford to Oakville)
3rd Ave (John’s Creek)
May, June, August, September
Blackberry flowers and fruit: 2,125
Wild grape flowers and fruit: 2,991
Plums: 1,511
Elderberry fruit: 1,115
Rose hips: 30
Total number inspected
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Alternate Host Survey Greg Simmons
Napa River (Rutherford to Oakville)
3rd Ave (John’s Creek)
May, June, August, September
Blackberry flowers and fruit: 2,125
Wild grape flowers and fruit: 2,991
Plums: 1,511
Elderberry fruit: 1,115
Rose hips: 30
Total number inspected
No Eggs
No Larvae
No pupae of Lobesiabotrana
One non-target larva in plum
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Insecticide Trials 2010
Ovicide: Applied before egg is laid
Larvicide: most effective against young larvae
http://cenapa.ucdavis.edu/Napa_County_Programs/Viticulture/European_Grapevine_Moth/
Large plot trials: Grower applied
Small plot trials: Backpack applied
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Treatment-Grower applied
Conventional:
Altacor (chlorantraniliprole) 3.25 oz 2-4.5 oz
Intrepid (methoxyfenozide) 12 oz 8-16 oz
Organic:
Dipel (B. thuringiensis Kurstaki) 1 lb 0.5-1 lb
Entrust (spinosad) 2 oz 1.25-2.5 oz
Label rateTrial Rate per acre(50 gpa)
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4 treatments
4 replications, RCB design
1 2 3 4 5 6
Rows 3 & 4 Sampling
Treatment: May 7, (14, 20)
Treatment timing: Egg hatch
Evaluation: May 26, 2010
Evaluations: Each replicate (~2 ac):
60 vines 4 clusters per vine240 clusters
Each treatment: 960 clusters
Cab Sauv (4, 7, 15, 337) 039-16planted in 2000Lyre/ Quad
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Insecticide efficacy against L. botrana at Oakville, CA
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
Altacor Dipel Entrust Intrepid
Ave
rage
% C
lust
ers
from
240
sam
pled
Clusters with damage but no larva found
Clusters with larva
1.67% b
2.81% a
3.02% b
1.98% a
2.92% b
1.25% a
0.1% a
0.63% a
3.25 oz 1 lb 2 oz 12 oz
Evaluation: May 26, 2010
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Summary of Insecticide Trial #1, 1st generation
Treatments applied at egg hatch (May 7)
Flight ended May 31
Treatments with longer residuals (21 d) should have covered the period between egg hatch and end of flight
Intrepid efficacious at mid-rate (12 oz)
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Ovicide: June 18
Altacor (chlorantraniliprole) 3.25 oz 2-4.5 oz
Intrepid (methoxyfenozide) 12 oz 8-16 oz
Larvicide: June 25
Altacor (chlorantraniliprole) 3.25 oz 2-4.5 oz
Intrepid (methoxyfenozide) 12 oz 8-16 oz
Label rateTrial Rate per acre
(100 gpa)
Treatment-Grower applied
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4 treatments
4 replications, RCB design
1 2 3 4 5 6
Rows 3 & 4 Sampling
Cab Sauv (4, 7, 15, 337) 039-16planted in 2000Lyre/ Quad
2 evaluation dates:
July 7/8 July 15
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Evaluation date: July 7, 8
8000.02.0 0.25%
0.00.0AltacorLarvicide
8000.010.4 1.13%
0.06.08 0.76%
Intrepid Larvicide
8000.01.04 0.13%
0.01.04 0.13%
AltacorOvicide
8000.00.00.04 0.5%
Intrepid Ovicide
Total Clusters
LarvaeHatched Eggs
Dead Eggs
Live Eggs
Ovicide applied: June 18
Larvicide applied: June 25
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Evaluation date: July 15
4000.04.0 1.0%
1.0 0.25%
0.0AltacorLarvicide
4000.03.0 0.75%
0.01.0 0.25%
Intrepid Larvicide
4000.02.01.0 0.25%
0.0AltacorOvicide
4000.00.02.0 0.5%
0.0Intrepid Ovicide
Total Clusters
LarvaeHatched Eggs
Dead Eggs
Live Eggs
Ovicide applied: June 18
Larvicide applied: June 25
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Summary of Insecticide Trial #2, 2nd generation
Treatments applied at egg hatch (June 8) and larvae (June 25)
Intrepid (12 oz) and Altacor (3.25 oz) efficacious at MID-rate
Both efficacious at ovicide and larvicide timing
NO live larvae found
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Small plot trial (1st generation) Large larvae (4th and 5th instar)
OakvilleCab Sauv (4, 7, 15, 337) 039-16planted in 2000Lyre/ Quad
Back-pack applied: 8-Jun-10
Evaluation date: 10-Jun-10
4 replications 7 vines per replicate
60 clusters evaluated from each replicate
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Insecticide efficacy 5th instar Lobesia botrana
Per
cen
t of
clu
ster
s in
fest
ed
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Agri-Mek10 oz
Delegate 3.6 oz
Avaunt4.0 oz
Altacor3.0 oz
Control
a a
a
b
c
June 10, 2010
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Small plots insecticide trial1st generation EGVM larvae
• Plot design: – 5 vine plots – Replicated 6 times
• Application:– air-blast mist back-pack sprayer– 50 gallons/acre
• Treatments:– 22 treatments with 8 insecticides– High or low registered rates– Timed as
• ovicide: on April 26• larvicide (single or multiple applications): on May 6, 13 and/or 20
• Evaluation:– 5 cluster in center 3 vines/plot (15 cluster/plot) – Feeding damage evaluated on June 3
• Entire plot over-sprayed with Agri-mek at 10oz/acre on May 28
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Insecticide Rate # Applications
ApplicationDate(s) Mean % damage (June 3)
Intrepid 2F 8.0 oz 2 April 26 (O), May 13 (L) 0.0a
Intrepid 2F 8.0 oz 1 May 6 (L) 0.0a
Intrepid 2F 16.0 oz 1 May 6 (L) 0.0a
Altacor 35WG 2.0 oz 2 April 26 (O), May 13 (L) 0.0a
Altacor 35WG 2.0 oz 1 May 6 (L) 0.0a
Altacor 35WG 4.0 oz 1 May 6 (L) 0.0a
Delegate 25WDG 3.0 oz 2 May 6 (L), May 20 (L) 0.0a
Delegate 25WDG 3.0 oz 1 May 6 (L) 0.0a
Delegate 25WDG 5.0 oz 1 May 6 (L) 0.0a
Avaunt 30WDG 4.0 oz 2 May 6 (L), May 20 (L) 0.0a
Avaunt 30WDG 4.0 oz 1 May 13 (L) 0.3a
Avaunt 30WDG 6.0 oz 1 May 13 (L) 0.0a
Belt 4SC 3.0 oz 2 April 26 (O), May 13 (L) 0.0a
Belt 4SC 3.0 oz 1 May 6 (L) 0.0a
Belt 4SC 4.0 oz 1 May 6 (L) 0.0a
Tourismo SC 14.0 oz 2 April 26 (O), May 13 (L) 0.0a
Tourismo SC 14.0 oz 1 May 6 (L) 0.0a
Entrust 80WP 1.25 oz 2 May 6 (L), May 20 (L) 0.0a
Entrust 80WP 2.50 oz 1 May 6 (L) 0.0a
Dipel DF 16.0 oz 3 May 6, May 13, May 20 (L) 0.0a
Dipel DF 32.0 oz 2 May 6 (L), May 13 (L) 0.0a
Untreated check 9.2b
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Insecticide Summary
Very effective products on the market
Appear to be minimally disruptive to natural enemies
Be aware of resistance issues
Conventional program in 2011 should explore the use of larvicides, rather than focusing strictly on ovicidal activity
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Treatment timing summary:
1st generation: (One application for conventional; 2-3 for organic)
Conventional and Organic: Egg hatch
2nd generation: (One application for conventional; 2 for organic)
Ovicides: 3-5 days after 1st moth caught
Larvicides: Egg hatch (~14 days after 1st moth caught)
3rd generation:
Ovicides: Peak flight (Peak egg-laying) 10-14 days after 1st moth caught
Mating disruption
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Mating disruption
JK Clark
2oo dispensers per acre
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Mating DisruptionBest as Area-wide program, when populations are low, and when not too steep
Informatore Agrario #20, Italy, 1999
Pacific Biocontrol Corporation, Shin-Etsu Fine Chemicals Division
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Jack K Clark
Guidelines for Use of Pheromone Traps in 2011
Jack K Clark
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Sticky traps with pheromone lures used to monitor male flight
Craig Graffin
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Start trapping 2 weeks before bud-break
At least one trap for every 5-10 acres
Check once per week from bud break to harvest
Lure manufacturers:
Alpha Scents SuterraTrece
Guidelines for use of pheromone traps in 2011
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Males in traps generally retain their color
Craig Graffin
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Bait traps vs. Pheromone traps
Apple juice—No preservatives (no Vitamin C)
Molasses + Wine + Vinegar
Bait traps capture 1/5 of what pheromone traps catch
Bait traps work better in warmer weather
Equivalent to pheromone traps for following a flight, but pheromone traps are better for following population levels
Useful in Europe (Management program)
Not useful for Eradication program
Likely remain experimental/research tool in 2011.
Food attractant vs. Sex attractant
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Jack K Clark
The Year in Review 2010
Jack K Clark
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The Year in Review
Olive flower: host 1st generation—high population pressure
No populations found in Riparian hosts
Pheromone Traps: Excellent monitoring tool, when they are in high enough densities and in absence of mating disruption; at least one trap per 5-10 acres
Bait traps: Apple juice, best and easiest to use, although bait traps remain a research tool
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Insecticide Summary
Very effective products on the market
Appear to be minimally disruptive to natural enemies
Be aware of resistance issues
Explore the use of conventional larvicides, rather than relying strictly on Altacor and Intrepid as ovicides
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Treatment timing summary:
1st generation: (One application for conventional; 2-3 for organic)
Conventional and Organic: Egg hatch
2nd generation: (One application for conventional; 2 for organic)
Ovicides: 3-5 days after 1st moth caught
Larvicides: Egg hatch (~14 days after 1st moth caught)
3rd generation:
Ovicides: Peak flight (Peak egg-laying) 10-14 days after 1st moth caught
Mating disruption
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Lucia Varela, Rhonda Smith, Jack Kelly Clark
Emily Smith, Molly Fanto
Collaborating growers
Napa County Ag Commissioner Martin Mochizuki
NVG, NCFB, NVV
CDFA, USDA
Dow AgroSciences, DuPont, ValentCorporation, Wilbur Ellis (Ag Supply in St Helena)
Pacific Biocontrol, Suterra, Alpha Scents, Trece
Napa County grape growers and vintners
Acknowledgments
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Additional Information
UCCE Napa: UCCE Sonoma:
http://cenapa.ucdavis.edu http://cesonoma.ucdavis.edu
NEWSLETTER:http://cenapa.ucdavis.edu/news_970/European_Grapevine_Moth_688/
Napa County Agricultural Commissioner:
http://www.countyofnapa.org/agcom