cool season veggies - Purdue Agriculture · 2014. 1. 29. · White rust • Common on crucifer...
Transcript of cool season veggies - Purdue Agriculture · 2014. 1. 29. · White rust • Common on crucifer...
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D a n i e l S . E g e l , S W P u r d u e A g C e n t e r e g e l @ p u r d u e . e d u , ( 8 1 2 ) 8 8 6 - 0 1 9 8
Managing Cool Season Greens and Cole Crops
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What’s in a name?
• Crucifer-plants in the plant family Cruciferea. Also cruciferous.
• Brassica-Brassicaceae=cruciferea. Brassica sp. • Cole crops-cultivated crops in the species Brassica
oleracea. Includes-cabbage, cauliflower, collards, kale and kohlrabi.
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Cruciferous crops, but not cole crops
• Turnip= Brassica rapa. • Radish= Raphanus sativus. In family Brassicaceae • Mustard= in genera Brassica and Sinapus. • Garden cress= Lepidium sativum. Brassicaceae
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Other cool weather crops…
• Lettuce-sunflower family • Spinach-goosefoot family
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Cool season vegetable diseases
• Black rot • White rust • White mold • Downy mildew • Rhizoctonia blight • Black spot • Aster yellows • Fusarium wilt • Unknown
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Black rot
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Black rot
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Black rot
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Black rot
• Affects all crucifer crops • Bacteria introduced crop residue, weeds, seed • Favored by warm, humid weather • Use tested seed/treat seed/inspect transplants • Crop rotation 2-3 years • Avoid over head irrigation • Chemicals of limited importance
• Actigard • Copper products
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Gerald Holmes
White rust
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White rust-garden cress
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White rust
• Common on crucifer crops, spinach • Primarily cosmetic • Caused by water mold. Races exist. • Survives in crop debris • Crop rotation, fall tillage, resistant cultivars,
specialized fungicides • Spinach-plant resistant cultivars
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Sclerotinia rot
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Gerald Holmes
Sclerotinia rot
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Gerald Holmes
Sclerotinia rot
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White mold
• AKA, sclerotinia stem rot, watery soft rot • Greater problem on lettuce (lettuce drop) • Crop rotation, deep plowing, apply fungicides after
thinning, cover crops
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Gerald Holmes
Downy mildew-lettuce
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Downy mildew-lettuce
Bruce Watt
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Downy mildew-lettuce
Gerald Holmes
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Y. Shen
Downy mildew-cabbage
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Downy mildew
• Watermold • Humid, cool weather-3-4 hrs of moisture • Use resistant cultivars • Specialized Fungicides
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Gerald Holmes
Rhizoctonia blight
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Gerald Holmes
Rhizoctonia blight
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Rhizoctonia blight/bottom rot E. Maynard
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Rhizoctonia blight/bottom rot-lettuce
• Damping-off, leaf discoloration, plant collapse • Fungus- long term soil survival • Warm, moist conditions • Contact with soil • Management-rotation, fall tillage, well drained soils,
plastic mulch?, fungicides
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E. Bush
Black spot
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Gerald Holmes
Black spot
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Black spot
• Important on crucifer crops • May survive on seed, crop residue • 6-8 hours leaf moisture required • Management-use tested seed, crop rotation & fall
tillage, fungicides, partially resistant cultivars
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W.M. Brown, Jr.
Aster yellows
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Aster yellows
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Aster yellows
• Caused by phytoplasma • Spread by leaf hopper • Wide host range • Stunting, yellowing, twisted stems/leaves, pink sap • Avoid problem areas • Get official diagnosis
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W.M. Brown, Jr.
Fusarium wilt
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Fusarium wilt/yellows
• Yellowing, one-sided wilt, vascular discoloration • Long lived resting spores • Races • Resistant varieties
• May not work at high temperatures
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Boron deficiency?
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LUNA PRODUCTS-BAYER CROPSCIENCE
• Luna experience-12 hr REI/7 day PHI • Watermelon only • fluopyram 17.6% (7), tebuconazole 17.6% (3) • Alternaria leaf blight, anthracnose, gummy stem
blight, powdery mildew
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LUNA PRODUCTS-BAYER CROPSCIENCE
• Luna Sensation-12 hr REI/0 day PHI • Watermelon only
• fluopyram 21.4% (7), trifloxystrobin 21.4% (11) • Alternaria leaf blight, anthracnose, powdery mildew
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LUNA PRODUCTS-BAYER CROPSCIENCE
• Luna Privilege-12 hr REI--0 day PHI WM & 7 days potato
• Watermelon and potato
• fluopyram 41.5% (7) • Watermelon-Alternaria leaf blight, gummy stem
blight, powdery mildew • Potato-early blight, white mold, Botrytis leaf spot,
silver scurf
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Product Active ingredients Alt. blight Anth. Gummy s.b.
Pow. Mil.
Luna Experience
fluopyram/ tebuconazole
G G G G
Luna Privilege
fluopyram G G G
Luna Sensation
fluopyram/ trifloxystrobin
G G G
Luna Products labled on watermelon-Page 105 ID-56
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PROLINE-BAYER CROPSCIENCE
• 12 hour REI/7 day PHI • Cucurbit vegetables • Fusarium wilt • Gummy stem blight • Southern blight • Powdery mildew
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PROLINE-BAYER CROPSCIENCE
• Proline 480 SC may be applied by either ground or chemigation…..do not use in water used for hand transplanting.