Cool Earth － Innovative Energy Technology Program Technology Development Roadmap ○ RD&D Roadmap...

2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

Power generation cost 46 JPY/kWh 23 JPY/kWh 14 JPY/kWh 7 JPY/kWh

Leap in efficiency

○Compound crystalline solar cell

50 JPY/W〔40% at collection]- Multi-junction technology

●High-efficiency compound concentrating solar cell

75 JPY/W〔30% at collection]Module production cost 〔conversion efficiency〕

- System technologies (grid connection, batteries, etc.) ◆ High-performance power storage◆ HEMS/BEMS/Local-level EMS

Supporting and related technologies

Cool Earth－ Innovative Energy Technology Program

Technology Development Roadmap

○RD&D Roadmap

Milestones including elemental technologies to promote RD&D and the direction of RD&D for 21 Innovative Technologies are developed on temporal axis. Relevant supporting technologies are also referred to.

○ Introduction/diffusion scenario

Major steps to accomplish RD&D goals and related policies are summarized for 21 technologies.

●: Innovative technologies◆: Innovative technologies described in other area○: Existing technologies- : Elemental technologies, etc.Italic: Direction of technology development

　

Major performance targets of R&D and expected timing of accomplishment

RD&DMarket introduction and diffusion

Direction from RD&D toward diffusion

(Appendix)

① High-Efficiency Natural Gas Fired Power Generation

Introduction/diffusion scenario

2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

●High-efficiency natural gas power generation

Net efficiency (HHV) 56% (1700 class)℃- Combined cycle power generation

Leap in efficiency

◆CO2 capture and storage

60% (FC/GT hybrid power generation)

- High-temperature gas turbine 　 technology

◆Integrated coal gasification combined cycle (IGCC)

◆Integrated coal gasification fuel cell combined cycle (IGFC)

- Large-capacity high-temperature fuel cell (MCFC, etc.) technology

- Heat resistance material technology

High-efficiency natural gas fired power generation

FC/GT hybrid power generation

While protecting the intellectual property rights, Japanese technologies, know-how and so forth will be provided to overseas power suppliers to meet the demands of developed and developing nations where demands for power are expected to grow to promote diffusion of high-efficiency natural gas fired power generation in overseas.

Demonstration Initial introduction DiffusionHybrid SOFC (several hundred kW ～ )

System verification


- High-load compressor, turbine technology

② High-Efficiency Coal Fired Power Generation

Verification by IGCC pilot and demonstration plants


●Integrated coal gasification combined cycle (IGCC)

Net efficiency (HHV)

Leap in efficiency

●Integrated coal gasification fuel cell combined cycle (IGFC)

55% (600 MW-class commercial generation)Demonstration plant(1000 t/d class)

65% (A-IGFC)

- Next-generation IGFC

Introduction as additional or replacement of coal fired power plants (IGCC, IGFC)

Introduction as replacement of existing coal fired power plants (A-USC)

- Advanced cooling, combustion and heat insulation technology

52% (1500 class)℃

2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

IFCCIGFC

A-USC

Verification and demonstration of FC system for IGFC

◆CO2 capture and storage

○Natural gas combined cycle power generation

- Advanced Humid Air Turbine technologies

Leap in efficiency


●Advanced ultra super critical power generation (A-USC)

46% (700 class)℃

○Ultra super critical pressure coal power generation (USC)

42% (600 class)℃ 48% (750 class)℃

Leap in efficiency

46% (1500 class, wet gas clean up)℃50% (1700 class, hot gas clean up)℃

57% (A-IGCC)48% (1500 class, hot gas clean up)℃

- Next-generation IGCC41% (250 MW demonstration plant)

③ Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage (CCS)

2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

●Separation and capture of CO2

Capture cost 　 1,000s JPY/t-CO2 (adoption of separation membrane on high-pressure gas)

●Geological storage of CO2 ●Ocean sequestration of CO2

Cost reduction of CO2 capture

Successive application making sure of legal system development and social acceptance

2,000s JPY/t-CO21,500s JPY/t-CO2 addressed by practical use of separation membrane

Pilot study on geological storageFull-scale domestic implementation of underground storage

Large-scale demonstration

Drastic reduction of capture cost

Leap in storage potential

Establishment of domestic laws, international rules, etc.

地中貯留実証試験地中貯留の国内本格実施排出源近傍大規模実証試験◆Integrated coal gasification combined cycle (IGCC)

◆Integrated coal gasification fuel cell combined cycle (IGFC)

◆High-efficiency natural gas fired power generation

- Chemical absorption, Physical absorption/adsorption, Membrane separation, Utilization of unused low-grade exhaust heat to regenerate absorbent, etc.

- Aquifer, Waste oil and gas field, Coal seam- Transportation technologies

- Dissolution and dilution, Deep-sea storage and sequestration, etc.

Evaluation of storage potential

- Enhanced oil recovery (EOR)

- Size increase in separation membrane, Successive production

4,200 JPY/t-CO2

System

Others

Large-scale system demonstration

Reinforcement of international cooperation


- CO2 behavior analysis technologies

- Monitoring technologies

Separation and capture


Environmental impact evaluation and public acceptance (including monitoring for protocol post closure )

④ Innovative Photovoltaic Power Generation

In-building high-voltage connection system for captive consumption

2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

Power generation cost 46 JPY/kWh 23 JPY/kWh 14 JPY/kWh

●Organic PV (dye-sensitized, thin-film organic)

Drastic cost reduction

Leap in efficiency

○Crystalline Si PV

○Thin-film CIS PV

○Compound semiconductor PV

Drastic cost reduction and expansion in popularization

Residential

Industrial

Overseas

Conventional grid connectionMedium-range community PV system

* Small-scale system for houses in areas without electricity supply in developing nations

Introduction support by public authorities, etc.Market expansion support by RPS, etc.

Wide-area PV system

SHS (Solar Home System)*Mini grid

7 JPY/kWh

●Ultra-thin crystalline Si PV

50 JPY/W 〔 40% at collection]- Multi-junction technology

●High-efficiency compound semiconductor PV

○Tandem thin-film Si PV○Single-junction thin-film Si PV


●Ultra high-efficiency thin-film PV

-Ultra high-efficiency PV such as quantum nanostructure

●PV with innovative structure/material

Leap in efficiency

Theoretical efficiency 50% or higher

100 JPY/W 〔 16% 〕

100 JPY/W 〔 12% 〕

75 JPY/W 〔 19% 〕

75 JPY/W 〔 14% 〕

50 JPY/W 〔 22% 〕

45 JPY/W 〔 18% 〕

50 JPY/W 〔 22% 〕

75 JPY/W 〔 18% 〕

75 JPY/W 〔 10% 〕 50 JPY/W 〔 15% 〕ー　 JPY/W 〔 6%〕

75 JPY/W 〔 35% at collection]

- Multi-junction technology

- Multi-junction technology

Very-Large-Scale Photovoltaic power generation (VLS-PV)

Module conversion efficiency 　 40% or higher

Module production cost 〔 conversion efficiency 〕


- System technologies (grid connection, batteries, etc.) ◆High-performance power storage◆HEMS/BEMS/Local-level EMS


LWR

FR

SMR

⑤ Advanced Nuclear Power Generation

Small and medium reactors Development in international market

Next-generation light-water reactorConceptual design and elemental technology development

Detailed design, licensing, construction, etc.Operation of next-generation light-water reactor

FR Cycle demonstrationFR Cycle Technology Development (FaCT) Project Designing and construction of

demonstration reactor

Feasibilitystudy

Operation of prototype reactor “Monju”1977 - Operation of experimental reactor “Joyo” Construction of commercial reactor

(before 2050)

Feasibility Study on FR CycleDesigning and licensing on

commercial reactorOperation of

demonstration reactor


Achievements of development and operation in light-water reactors

Commercialization of FR Cycle

●Fast reactorCommercial fast reactor

●Next-generation light-water reactor

- Shift to more effective inspections- Steady management of substantial measures against aging

Excellent economics, reliability and safety

●Small and medium reactors

○Proper utilization of existing reactors with increased safety

Drastic improvement of efficiency ofuranium utilizationSubstantial reduction in radioactive wastes

2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

- For domestic replacement- Expansion into international market as a

global standard reactor

Prototype fast reactor “Monju”

(Tsuruga-city, Fukui)Under modification

Demonstration fast reactor

Experimental fast reactor “Joyo” (O-arai-machi, Ibaraki)

Achieved initial criticality in 1977 and operating up to present.

Expansion into international market (addressed by subjecting markets different from large reactors such as the next-generation light-water reactor)

- Technologies for radioactive waste treatment and disposal (including recycling of nuclear materials through reprocessing)- Decommissioning technologies


⑥ High-Efficiency Superconducting Transmission2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

Length

High voltage

Large current

Low loss

154 ～275kV

- Superconducting power generator (including wind power generator)

2 ～ 3 JPY/A ･ m ＠ 77K

○Bi-system Superconducting Tape

●Y-system superconducting　　 cable

●Y-system superconducting stabilization technology for power transmission

Several GJ(with current-limiting function)Transformer

6.6 kV10 MVA

Je～ 150 A/mm2

20 JPY/A ･m＠ 77K

Cable

Je～ 200 A/mm2

12 JPY/A ･m＠ 77KJe～ 250 A/mm2

6 JPY/A ･m＠ 77K

○Nb-system wire

SMES for momentary outage compensation1 JPY/A ･ m ＠ 4.2K

- Cryocooler technology- System management technology- Electrical insulation technology

Deregulation, Standardization, Human resource development

Trunk system transformerSystem connection

transformerDistribution transformerOn-vehicle transformer

SMES for power system stabilizationFor load change compensation Micro SMES

Power cable

Powertransformer

Stabilization technologyfor power transmission

Others

Je>300 A/mm2

8～ 12 JPY/A ･m＠ 77K Je> 300～ 500 A/mm2

4～ 6 JPY/A ･m＠ 77KEngineering Critical Current Density

Tape/Wire Cost

Transformer

ブッシング

冷却装置

鉄心

超電導巻線

サブクール液体窒素

●Y-system superconducting transformer

Long-distance transmission - Large-capacity transmissionUnderground transmission in urban areaIndustrial application cable


100 ～ 500 m（ Bi-system ）

Several hundred meters ～ 1 km Several km

AC66kV (3-phase)

AC66kV-class, DC125kV-class

1 kA3 ～ 5 kA (Triplex)

5 ～ 10 kA(Single or Triplex)

1 W/m/phase ＠ 1 kA

0.3 W/m/phase＠ 3 kA

- Long Tape, Low Cost Technology- High Efficiency in Cooling System, Scale-up, Cost Reduction


⑦ Intelligent Transport System (ITS)

●Traffic signal control using probe data

- Car navigation system

- Adaptive cruise control (ACC)

●Automated driving, Vehicle platooning (highways)

- ECO driving route guidance system

- Vehicle information and communication system (VICS)

- Electronic Toll Collection (ETC)

- Optimal route guidance system

●Automated driving, Cooperative driving

●Traffic signal linked ECO-driving

- Optimal control system on sag in the roads - Autonomous Merging system

- CO2 reduction effect evaluation technology and monitoring technology

●Traffic signal linked green wave system

CO2 emission estimation hybrid traffic flow simulation technology, Traffic condition monitoring technology using probe data,CO2 emission estimation technology by driving situation

- Optimal leaving time prediction system (using probe data)

- Abnormal situation detection system (using probe data)

- Parking information system

- ECO driving control system utilizing car navigation system- Real-time fuel 　 efficiency meter

⑧ Fuel Cell Vehicle (FCV)

2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

Traveling distance 300 km 800 km

Endurability 3,000 hours 5,000 hours

Vehicle cost (vs. ICV) 3 ～ 5 1.2

・ Vehicle body weight reduction

◆Fuel cell (PEFC)

◆Intelligent transport system

・ Hybrid vehicle◆Hydrogen production, transport and supply

400 km

2,000 hours

20

●Fuel cell vehicles (FCV)

- Drastic improvement in hydrogen storage capacity- Reduction in rare metal content, development of Non-rare metal catalysts

Leap in cruising distance and drastic cost reduction

Active introduction in public service vehicles

Full-scale diffusion of fuel cell vehicles

Establishment and safety measures for hydrogen supply infrastructure, institution review and legal system development

Standardization

Large-scale social demonstration

Distant, white lines, host vehicle

Individual vehicles control Cooperative traffic flow control

Road geometry

Effect evaluation and monitoring technology, Standardization, Internationalization, Systematization, Public outreach

Platoon information, Merging information, Surrounding environment

Inter-vehicle 　communications

Vehicle to Infrastructurecommunication

(Automatic engine stop) （ Personal vehicle ）

(Traffic signal control using probe data )

Traffic signal

(Autonomous merging) (Vehicle platooning on expressways)

(Cooprative driving on Ordinary roads)Vehicle control

（ Optimal control system on sag in the

roads）

External Information

Development of Communication

Plan for Diffusion

2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050



○Traffic flow improvement technologies

（ Improved driving method ）

（ Elimination of bottlenecks ）

（ Effective utilization of roads ）

Traffic signal-linked ECO-driving



⑨ Plug-In Hybrid Vehicle (PHEV) and Electric Vehicle (EV)

Plug-in hybrid vehicle

Public service vehicles,Commuters EV for limited-use

Commuter EV Full-spec EV

Establishment of charging infrastructures

2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

Battery capacity (vs. current level) 1 time 3 times

Battery cost 1/2 1/10

●Electric vehicle (EV)

Traveling distance on a full charge 200 km 500 km

- Improvement of battery performanceLeap in cruising distanceDrastic cost reduction

- Vehicle weight reduction

- Hybrid vehicle

1.5 times

1 time

7 times

1/7 1/40

130 km

- Development of post-Li ion batteries

●Plug-in hybrid vehicle (PHEV)

- Improvement of Li ion battery performance

◆High-performance power storage (Li ion battery, high-performance capacitor, Post Li ion battery)

◆Power electronics

◆Intelligent transport system


- Alternative material of rare metal


Drastic cost reduction and high volume production●Ethanol production from cellulose

⑩ Production of Transport Biofuel

2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

○Ethanol production from sugar, starch, etc.

100 JPY/L (From rice straw ,waste wood, etc.)40 JPY/L (From short rotation crops)

●BTL (Biomass to Liquid)○GTL (Gas to Liquid)○CTL (Coal to Liquid)

- FT(Fisher-Tropsch Process) technology, DME technology

- Gasification technology

-Development technologies for microorganisms and enzyme

○Bio-diesel fuel (BDF)

- ETBE production

Ethanol / ETBE production Ethanol production from cellulose

BDF production

GTL production

Direct synthesis of DME

CTL production BTL production

- Bio Hydrofined Diesel

-Development of new short rotation crops with high-efficiency photosynthetic capacity

- Small, high-efficiency liquefaction technology

-The securing of short rotation crops by domestic product and international cooperation

(Alternative fuel of Gasoline)

(Alternative fuel of Diesel)

- Butanol fermentation

Spread promotion by demonstration

Establishment legal system for quality assurance of biofuel

Spread promotion of diesel engine

Drastic cost reduction and high-efficiency improvement


-Improvement of process(Pretreatment, saccharification, conversion to ethanol)

- Clean diesel vehicles Equivalent emission and cost to gasoline vehicles- Combination vehicles of flex fuel vehicles (FFV) and hybrid vehicles

◆Fuel cell vehicles (FCV)Supporting and related technologies

Development of new energy saving or resource saving processing technologies

Large-scale practical applicationSmall-scale practical applicationTechnology developmentregarding titanium smelting and molding process

New titanium forging technology

Practical application and diffusion of energy-saving membrane separation water processing system

Development of membrane pore orientation control technologyTechnology to add functions to improve water permeabilityDevelopment of endurance (pressure resistance, chemical resistance) improvement technologies

Water processing by innovative separation

membrane system

Technology development related to forming process and ensuring thunder resistance in carbon fiber composite material

Practical application in small jet liners Application in other transport devices, etc.Carbon fiber composite

material technology

Co-production of power and materials (hydrogen, etc.)Reduction of exergy loss in industrial processesCo-production

Practical application of steam generation (approx. 120 ) ℃HP using exhaust heat

Improvement in compressor performance

Development of working fluid

Improvement in heat exchange parts

Practical application and popularization of steam generation HP with increased steam temperature

Expansion in application range by high performance

Steam generation heat pump

Bio refinery

Increase in the number of key materials, general purpose chemical products, etc. using bioprocesses

Increased number of products made from biomass materials

Increased distribution of biomass-derived chemical products

New heat collection and utilization system

Medium-scale practical application

Small-scale practical applicationDevelopment of energy-saving

technologies regarding glass melting and forming process

Large-scale practical applicationInnovative glass melting process


⑪ Innovative Material, Production and Processing Technology

Industrialization of new smelting process

●Innovative glass melting process

- In-flight melting technology utilized plasma, etc.

Leap in efficiency

- High-efficiency cullet heating technology, etc.

- Scale-up technology- Glass melter automatic control technology- High-efficiency oxygen production technology- Simulation technology

(Glass production process)

Drastic energy saving and application expansion●Water processing by innovative separation membrane system

- Next-generation gasification (exergy recuperation-type) technology

Next-generation coal gasification power generation (A-IGCC/A-IGFC)

- Autothermal regeneration industrial process

Leap in efficiency

●Steam generation heat pump

- COP improvement for low-temperature steam heat pump

- Temperature increase in generated steam

(Cross-cutting energy saving technologies)

COP 3.0, 120 steam℃ COP 4.0

Leap in application

- Steam generation by utilization of air-source

●Co-production

Small melter　 Large melter　

●Energy saving material and design technology for transport devices

2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

(Non-ferrous metal materials production process)

- Development of thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material

●Bio refinery technology(Chemical process)

(Other industries)

(Material technologies and innovative design technologies for energy saving in transport devices such as airplanes)

- Carbon fiber composite material technology- Next-generation structural part production/processing technology

Drastic energy saving in airplanes , other transport devices and so forth

- Development of new energy-saving separation membrane materials

- Establishment of water processing technology using energy-saving separation membrane

Mass production, cost reduction and material conversion of oil for various substances

- Environmentally–friendly, small aircraft engine

- Technology to enable gradient functions with optimal thermo-mechanical treatment

●High performance titanium alloy production process

- High performance titanium alloy design technology- Molding process technology - New smelting scale increase technology

- Low thermal conductivity insulators

●High heat insulation and shielding houses and buildings

- Multi-ceramic layer heat insulation material technology

- Heat exchange ventilation system

- Indoor air improvement technology (VOC absorption building materials, moisture adjustment building materials)

- Window glass with low coefficient of heat transmission

- Light control glass

- Solar shading

- Vacuum insulation wall

○Highly airtight housing and building

- Natural ventilation- Utilization of natural light- Heat storage

○Passive houses and buildings

- Development and cost reduction of externally insulation control system

⑬ High-Efficiency House and Building

2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

- Low vacuum heat insulation technology- Vacuum insulation window

Insulation wall/window easy construction system

Leap in heat insulation performance

◆HEMS /BEMS/Local-level EMS

Thermal conductivity 0.002 W/m ･ K, Heat transmittance 0.3 W/m2 ･ K (super insulation wall)Thermal conductivity 0.003 W/m ･ K, Heat transmittance 0.4 W/m2 ･ K (super insulation window)

Technologies to utilize insulation walls and windows (structure, design and construction)

Diffusion of energy-saving housing by financing, tax system, etc.

Establishment, expansion and diffusion of housing performance indication system, etc.

1.6 W/m2 ･ K


Heat loss coefficient 2.7 W/m2 ･ K


⑫ Innovative Iron and Steel Making Process

●Innovative Iron and Steel making process

- Blast furnace gas circulation technology- Hydrogen amplification technology- Iron ore hydrogen reduction technology

○Energy saving technologies

- High temperature waste heat recovery (blast furnace top pressure recovery turbine (TRT), new establishment of coke dry quench facility (CDQ), etc.)- Facility efficiency increase (high-efficiency oxygen plant, power generation turbine improvement, etc.)- Operation efficiency increase (reduction in reducing agent ratio, steel products temperature management, etc.)

COURSE50COURSE50*1*1

2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

Phase (step 1)Ⅰ (step 2) PhaseⅡ Industrial application/diffusion

By-product gas utilization

Medium to low temperature waste heat recovery

Biomass

Innovative iron and steel making process

Separation and capture of CO2

- Next-generation coke production technology (SCOPE21*2)

●CO2 separation and capture technology

- Effective utilization of waste plastic, etc. (substitution for coking coal, gasified gas utilization)

- Medium- to low-temperature waste heat recovery

Process efficiency increase


Process innovation PCI, CNC, etc. SCOPE-21

Continuous operation, AI, CNC, etc. Continuous efficiency increase promotion

Gas holder operation, ACC H2 supply

Waste heat recovery TRT, CDQ, etc. Regeneration burner, etc.

Waste utilization Waste plastic and tires

*2: Super Coke Oven for Productivity and Environmental enhancement toward the 21th century

*1: COCO2 UUltimate RReduction in SSteelmaking Process by Innovative Technology for Cool EEarth 5050

Remarkable advance in heat insulation performance

Individual houses

Industrial

Overseas

⑭ Next-Generation High-Efficiency Lighting

2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

Light emission efficiencyLife

65 lm/W40,000 hours

●High-efficiency LED lighting

●Organic EL lighting

15 lm/W1,000 hours

15 lm/W, 1,000～ 2,000 hours50～ 100 lm/W, 10,000 hours

200 lm/W60,000 hours

100 lm/W

○Incandescent lamp○High-efficiency fluorescent lamp

100 lm/W

●Next-generation lighting

- Micro cavity light emission, cluster light emission, light storage technology, optical transmission technology, etc.

200 lm/W60,000 hours

- Area lighting system using light sensor/human detection sensor

Effective management with top-runner method

Creation of initial demands by subsidiary, tax system reform, etc.

Active promotion of cooperation to developing nations


⑮ Stationary Fuel Cell2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

Polymer-Electrolyte Fuel Cell (PEFC)

Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC)

Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC)High-efficiency bio-gas power generation

Output increase (several MW)

GT/FC composite power generation

Introduction and Diffusion of Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCV)

Diffusion of fuel cell cogeneration (commercial/industrial)

Promotion of international standard

●Polymer-Electrolyte Fuel Cell (PEFC)

●New direct Polymer-Electrolyte membrane Fuel Cell (PEFC)

System cost (stationary, JPY per kW)

Power generation efficiency (HHV), durability 32%, 40 thousand hours

4 – 5 million Approx. 700,000 500,000 <400,000

36%, 90,000 hours

Small-capacity cogeneration

Medium-capacity cogeneration

GT/FC combined power generation

Power generation efficiency (HHV),Durability, System cost 40%, 40,000 hours

1 million JPY/kW>40%, 90,000 hours,<250,000 JPY/kW (*for household use: 300,000 ～ 400,000 JPY)

42%, 40,000 hours, 1 million JPY/kW >45%, 90,000 hours, <200,000 JPY/kW60%, 40,000 hours several hundred thousand JPY/kW

>60%, 90,000 hours <10,000 JPY/kW

* Cost for household products are estimated including hot water storage tank


- Non-humidified MEA, Non-platinum/low oxygen overvoltage catalyst, etc.

- High temperature, low humidity, robust development technology- Reduction of platinum content, etc.

For automobiles (auxiliary power supply, power train)Household cogeneration


- Stable anion membrane, Medium-temperature electrolyte- Nonmetal air electrode, Nonmetal fuel electrode - Bio fuel (direct)

- Direct ammonia

●Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC)

●Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC)

Drastic lifetime extension and cost reduction

Drastic lifetime extension and cost reduction

Small-scale cogeneration

○Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell (PAFC)

Medium-scale to large-scale power generation- Separation and capture of CO2

Commercial cogeneration, Industrial cogeneration

Diffusion expansion



(PEFC)

(SOFC)

Small-scale cogeneration Medium-scale to large-scale power generation- Separation and capture of CO2


⑯ Ultra High-Efficiency Heat Pump

- Next-generation ground source utilization technology

Cost (vs. current level)

Device efficiency (vs. current level) (Annual Performance Factor)

0.5

2

0.75

1.5

- Ultra high-efficiency heat exchange technology

- Expansion work recovery technology- High-efficiency compressor technology

- Heat pump technology for snow melting

- Low ambient temperature addressing technology (including very cold district)

- Next-generation latent/sensible heat storage technologies

- High-efficiency heat recovery technology (simultaneous supply of cold energy and heat)

- Next-generation coolant technology

High-efficiency motor, Inverter technology, Control by forecasting technology, High flux heat removal technology, Material/processing technology, etc.

- Exhaust heat utilization technology for exhaust heat from ventilation and human sewage

1

1

2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

●Ultra high-efficiency heat pump for air conditioning

- New air conditioning method such as chemical HP

2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

Annual power consumption(LCD TV size 52V)

5.3 kWh/year ・ inch 2.7 kWh/year ・ inch 1.6 kWh/year ・ inch

●High-efficiency Back Light technology (LCD)Drastic power consumption reduction

(TV)

●Energy-saving information & communication devices

- Large-capacity optical communication network technology, power saving router/switch technology- Ultra high recording density HDD

- Cooling technology, Energy management technology- Virtualization technology, energy saving network architecture

Energy saving for the entire network system

●Organic EL display

- Larger screen area- Light emission efficiency improvement 70 lm/W

Energy saving in individual information devices

- High-efficiency motor and motor control technology, High-efficiency DC/DC converter technology, DC power supply/distribution technology, etc.

Line width (nm) 90 65 45 32 22 14 16

- Microfabrication technology

- SiC, GaN high-efficiency inverter

Drastic expansion in popularizationDrastic power consumption reduction

SystemHolding of international symposiumReduction in social load by IT society, how environmental IT business management should be implemented, transmission of development of energy saving innovative technologies to domestic and international society

Green IT promotion councilEnlightening and diffusion of environmental IT business management visualization of environmental contribution by IT in the entire society

Technology development Diffusion promotion by top-runner program, etc.

Promotion of energy saving technology development with industry-academia-government cooperation

⑰ High-Efficiency Information Device and System

- Heterogeneous multi-core technology

●Ultra low power consumption semiconductors

●Energy-saving information and communication system (server, data center, etc.)

* Reference value: Air conditioning and heating APF 6.6 (2.8 kW) Hot water supply rated COP 5.1

- Lifetime extension

(Next-generation semiconductor devices)

(Information and telecommunication devices)

30% reduction in power consumption

50,000 hours

11

(Air conditioning)

(Room heating)

(Hot water Supply)

Drastic improvement in convenience and cost reduction

Leap in efficiency

●Ultra high-efficiency heat pump for dual purpose of heating and hot water supply

Leap in efficiency

●Ultra high-efficiency heat recovery type heat pump for multiple purposes including air conditioning, and hot water supply

Subsidiary, preferential treatment in tax system

Diffusion promotion by top-runner program

Research and development with industry-academia-government cooperation

Information provision to public

International cooperation promotion though IEA etc.

◆HEMS/BEMS/Local-level EMS

◆ HEMS/BEMS/Local-level EMS



- Circuit design technology, Transistor with new structure

- Ultra low power circuit/system technology



⑱ HEMS/BEMS/Local-Level EMS

●HEMS (Home Energy Management System)

- Telecommunication hardware technology- Middleware technology

●BEMS (Building Energy Management System)

- High efficiency, power saving BEMS

- Integrated/flexible BEMS

2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

●Local-level EMS (Energy Management System)

- Energy demand and supply analysis /forecasting technology

- Local area EMS- Block-level EMS

- Cluster type (local-/city-level) EMS

- Organic combined technology with HEMS/BEMS and local heat/electricity supply

- Micro sensing technology- Energy (electricity/heat) storage system integration

Diffusion of ESCO projects, Development in energy saving businesses such as EPS, Further efficiency and IT development in commercial and household devices

- In-house sensor network- Renewable energy integration

- Coordination with autonomous local energy demand and supply system

- Energy saving technologies such ad DC power supply

- Application of HEMS technology

- Energy saving cooperation and control by living activity forecasting technology

- Next-generation ultra energy saving BEMS

- Application of HEMS/BEMS technology

⑲ High-Performance Power Storage

○Ni metal hydride battery

2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

Lifetime 10 years

Cost 40,000 JPY/kWh

20 years

Hybrid vehicle

○Capacitor ●Capacitors based on new concept

Drastic performance improvement and cost reductionAutomobile power train assistance

- Electric dual-layer capacitor, Hybrid capacitor, etc.

Energy density

Cost

200 Wh/kg 500 Wh/kg(For vehicles)

(For stationary use)

15,000 JPY/kWh

30,000 JPY/kWh 20,000 JPY/kWh 5,000 JPY/kWh

150 Wh/kg

200,000 JPY/kWh

70～ 100 Wh/kg

Stabilization of wind power/photovoltaic power generationPower quality improvement

For load leveling, improvement of power quality, load change compensation

Mobile devices

For memory maintenance, etc. Automobile accessory assistance

Stabilization of wind power/photovoltaic power generation

Stabilization of wind power /photovoltaic power generation

Load levelingPower quality improvement

For stationary use Local-level EMS

Load change compensation

○NＡ S battery, Redox flow battery

○Advanced Ni hydrogen battery

- Hybrid with storage battery

Plug-in HV vehicle

Individual development of communication hardware, middleware and sensor technology

BEMS

Local-level EMS connected distributed power supply, Photovoltaic power generation, etc.

●Batteries with new concept/principle

・ Metal-air battery, etc.

Drastic performance improvement and cost reduction

Drastic performance improvement and cost reduction

For Hybrid vehicleFor Mobile device

●Advanced Li ion battery

For Plug-in hybrid vehicle and electric vehicle - Li metal battery, LiS battery, etc.

Stabilization of wind power/photovoltaic power generation

Public vehicles,Commuters EV for limited-use General Commuter EV Full-spec EV

For vehicles

◆HEMS/BEMS/Local-level EMS

◆Next-generation high- efficiency lighting

◆Innovative photovoltaic power generation

◆Energy-conserving information devices and systems

◆Advanced Li ion battery

◆High heat insulation and shielding houses and buildings

◆Power electronics



HEMS




Si

SiC

GaN-type

Diamond

　 Hydrogen Production, Transport and Storage2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

Hydrogen price 150 JPY/Nm3

●Hydrogen transport technology

●Hydrogen production technology

Drastic transport efficiency improvement and safety improvement

Hydrogen from fossil fuels, By-product hydrogen, Water electrolysis

80 JPY/Nm3 40 JPY/Nm3

- Hydrogen production from fossil fuels

-Hydrogen production by renewable energy utilization

- Hydrogen fermentation, Photocatalyst, etc.


- Compressed hydrogen transport

- Liquid hydrogen transport

- Organic hydride transport

- Pipeline transport

●Hydrogen storage technologyDrastic advances, cost reduction, and endurance and safety improvement

- Ultra high pressure container - Hydrogen storage materials (alloy/inorganic/carbon-type, etc.)- Liquid hydrogen container

- Clathrate, Organic metal structures, Organic hydride, etc.

◆Fuel cell vehicle (FCV)

◆Fuel cells for fixed installation

Hydrogen from renewable energy (Photovoltaic/wind power generation, biomass, etc).

Innovative product of hydrogenHydrogen fermentation, photocatalyst, etc.

Establishment and safety measures for hydrogen supply infrastructure,System review, Legal system development and promotion of standardization

Hydrogen supply technology （ Small Refueling station, Parallel establishment with gas station, Local and National-scale hydrogen supply system)

⑳ Power Electronics

2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

●GaN-type power device

4 inch 5 inch

103 cm-2

2 inch

105 cm-2 104 cm-2

Information devices, Household appliances, Distributed power supply, Industrial devices, Large power devices

Information devices(Rectification device)

Household appliances, Distributed power supply, Industrial devices, Automobiles, Electric railway

(Switching device)Power distribution devices

Information devices(Rectification device)

Household appliances, Distributed power supply, Wireless base station (Switching device)

Laser in vehicle, etc.

Information devices – Power distribution meters

3 inch

●High-efficiency inverter/converter

- Ultra low loss SiC switching device　 (normally-off type MOSFET)- Advanced inverter/converter design technology

High-pressure transport 7 JPY/Nm3, Liquid transport 3 JPY/Nm3

- Water electrolysis

21

●Diamond power device

Wafer diameter 2 inchWafer dislocation density 103 cm-2

410 mm105 cm-2

3 inch 4 inch102 cm-2 10 cm-2

●SiC power device

4 inch 6 inch103 cm-2 102 cm-2 50 cm-2 10 cm-2

3 inch104 cm-2

100mm4H-SiC single crystal

- Extension of wafer diameter - Reduction of wafer defect (dislocation density)- Improvement of - ON resistance reduction /voltage resistance





Cool Earth － Innovative Energy Technology Program Technology Development Roadmap ○ RD&D Roadmap...

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Transcript of Cool Earth － Innovative Energy Technology Program Technology Development Roadmap ○ RD&D Roadmap...