Convention on Biological Diversity – Clearing House Mechanism European Environment Agency meeting,...

Convention on Biological Diversity – Clearing House MechanismEuropean Environment Agency meeting, 16-17 June 2010, Copenhagen

www.tess-project.euwww.tess-project.eu

A Transactional Environmental A Transactional Environmental Support System for Europe:Support System for Europe:

Implementation through COUNTImplementation through COUNT((COCOnservation nservation UNUNited in ited in TTrust)rust)

Robert Kenward, TESS Science SupervisorRobert Kenward, TESS Science Supervisor

Funded by the European Community's Seventh Framework Funded by the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement n: 212304Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement n: 212304ENV.2007.4.2.1.1. Methodologies for scaling down to regional & local level the ENV.2007.4.2.1.1. Methodologies for scaling down to regional & local level the

analysis of policy impacts on multifunctional land uses & economic activityanalysis of policy impacts on multifunctional land uses & economic activity


What this presentation doesWhat this presentation does

o A little historyA little history

o Recap from last NovemberRecap from last November

o Progress of TESS so farProgress of TESS so far

o Planning for implementation: COUNTPlanning for implementation: COUNT

o Synergies with CHM & LifewatchSynergies with CHM & Lifewatch


.... 1950 Local protection and sustainable use.... 1950 Local protection and sustainable use

1979 Major European protection instruments. 1979 Major European protection instruments.

19921992 Convention on Biological Diversity Convention on Biological Diversity recognises importance of Sustainable Use in recognises importance of Sustainable Use in 13 of 19 substantive articles13 of 19 substantive articles

2000 Natura 20002000 Natura 2000

20022002 World Summit on Sustainable Development World Summit on Sustainable Development socio-economic as well as environmentsocio-economic as well as environment

2004 Millennium Ecosystem Assessment2004 Millennium Ecosystem Assessment

2010 International Year of Biodiversity2010 International Year of Biodiversity

Some Conservation History Some Conservation History


Europe has not halted loss of Europe has not halted loss of biodiversity by 2010. WHY?biodiversity by 2010. WHY?

Understanding of causes is growingUnderstanding of causes is growing..

For 30 declining bird species in UK, Prof. For 30 declining bird species in UK, Prof. Ian Ian NewtonNewton (2004, (2004, Ibis 146:579-600Ibis 146:579-600) identifies:) identifies:

(i) weed control, (ii) early ploughing, (iii) grassland (i) weed control, (ii) early ploughing, (iii) grassland management, (iv) intensified stocking, (v) management, (iv) intensified stocking, (v) hedgerow loss & (vi) predation.hedgerow loss & (vi) predation.

All can be addressed, in many cases by de-All can be addressed, in many cases by de-intensification measures that have low costintensification measures that have low cost

1.1. The big issue is The big issue is LandLand UseUse; most ; most LandLand is is outside Protected Areas; outside Protected Areas; UseUse continues inside continues inside

2.2.There is lots of knowledge but not joined upThere is lots of knowledge but not joined up


1980s Development of individual-based models. 1980s Development of individual-based models.

Joining many threadsJoining many threads: :


from radio-from radio-trackingtracking

predatorpredator

and preyand prey

Individual-based Individual-based models of:models of:

Convention on Biological Diversity – Clearing House MechanismEuropean Environment Agency meeting, 16-17 June 2010, CopenhagenExtensive online help

File browser

Need movements & home- Need movements & home- ranges related to habitatsranges related to habitats

Spreadsheet location editor

Habitat map editor

One-clickselections


so is best in combination with so is best in combination with local mapping local mapping (eg. farm plans, (eg. farm plans, civic groups) civic groups) and species and species monitoringmonitoring (e.g. by wildlife (e.g. by wildlife watchers, hunters & anglers).watchers, hunters & anglers).

Remote mapping Remote mapping (CEH Landcover 1990)(CEH Landcover 1990) is marvellous, is marvellous, but scale restricts detail, but scale restricts detail,

Ground-based for detail,Ground-based for detail,(by Swedish hunters, 1985)(by Swedish hunters, 1985)


1980s Development of individual-based models.

2001 Report of Council of Europe to Kiev high 2001 Report of Council of Europe to Kiev high level conference proposes integrating complex level conference proposes integrating complex knowledge for Livelihoods & Biodiversity.knowledge for Livelihoods & Biodiversity.

2002 Technology Transfer review in CEH finds 40 2002 Technology Transfer review in CEH finds 40 software contributions for decision support.software contributions for decision support.



Land stability Subsidence

Pollution

Flood Hazard

A prototype demonstrator that provided A prototype demonstrator that provided Complex KnowledgeComplex Knowledge to help planners apply to help planners apply environment data and understanding in the environment data and understanding in the planning process. planning process.

Biodiversity

Origin: BGS, CEH and Nottingham University

e.g. Environmental Information e.g. Environmental Information System for PlannersSystem for Planners


Shaft

Glacial Till

Landfill-domestic wasteLandfill-domestic waste

Fireclay Coal

Exposed coalfield.Areas of potential subsidence overundocumented workings.

Possible minor subsidence relating to modern deep mining.

Exposed coalfield.Risk of subsidenceover former workings.

UNDERMINING

Typical annual deposition of sulphur from a power station.

Some capabilitiesSome capabilities

Managing WasteManaging Waste

SubsidenceSubsidence

FloodingFlooding

PollutionPollution

BiodiversityBiodiversity


1980s Development of individual-based models.

2001 Report of Council of Europe to Kiev high level conference proposes integrating complex knowledge for Livelihoods & Biodiversity.

2002 Technology Transfer review in CEH finds 40 software contributions for decision support.

How to fund? 1. How to fund? 1. Raise awarenessRaise awareness 2. 2. Build systemBuild system

2004 FP6 bid: 2004 FP6 bid: GGovernance and overnance and EEcosystem cosystem MManagement for anagement for ConConservation of servation of BioBiodiversity diversity (www.gemconbio.eu) ((www.gemconbio.eu) (highest mark in roundhighest mark in round))



2004: Millennium Assessment2004: Millennium Assessment Ecosystem Services from Land Ecosystem Services from Land

UseUseSupportingSupporting

RegulatingRegulating

ProvisioningProvisioning

CulturalCultural

Primarily public goods, Primarily public goods, regulated and public funded. regulated and public funded. Biodiversity needed?Biodiversity needed?

Extensively private goods; Extensively private goods; but but livestock & intensive crops livestock & intensive crops have impacts on biodiversityhave impacts on biodiversity..Science, Education, Recreation; Science, Education, Recreation; can all benefit from biodiversity can all benefit from biodiversity & provide incentives to restore. & provide incentives to restore. BUT HOW CAN THIS HAPPEN?BUT HOW CAN THIS HAPPEN?


Pan-European Survey: Use of Wild ResourcesPan-European Survey: Use of Wild ResourcesRecreational fishingRecreational fishing (European(European AnglersAnglers Alliance)Alliance)

Bird-watching Bird-watching (Birdlife Partners)(Birdlife Partners)Collecting fungi Collecting fungi (European Council Cons. Fungi)(European Council Cons. Fungi)

Collecting wild plant materials Collecting wild plant materials (Plantlife)(Plantlife)Hunting Hunting (Federation of Associations for Hunting (Federation of Associations for Hunting

and Conservation of the EU)and Conservation of the EU)27 country coordinators, 19 languages27 country coordinators, 19 languages

Governance & Ecosystem Management for Governance & Ecosystem Management for Conservation of Biodiversity (GEMCONBIO)Conservation of Biodiversity (GEMCONBIO)


SPEND:SPEND: HuntingHunting AnglingAngling WatchingWatching(private)(private) €€16 16 €19€19 €8€8in 2006 in 2006 billionbillion billionbillion billionbillion

in the EUin the EU

GEMCONBIOGEMCONBIO survey of hunting, angling, watching: survey of hunting, angling, watching: 34 million adults (7% population) spend >€40 billion.34 million adults (7% population) spend >€40 billion.

• In 2006, equivalent US spending was $120 billion

• €40 billion is about €200 for each cultivated EU ha

• CAP agri-environment budget is ca €8 billion/year

• It costs €6 billion to run Natura 2000


77thth Framework Programme Framework Programme

Theme 6: Environment (Including Climate Change).

ENV.2007.4.2.1.1. Methodologies for scaling down to the regional and local level the analysis of policy impacts on multifunctional land uses and economic activity

Strategic Objective: To design a decision support system related to environment and land use that will enable policy makers to integrate knowledge from the regional and local level into the decision making process, while also encouraging local people to maintain & restore biodiversity & ecosystem services.


How? How? An exchange between local An exchange between local stakeholders & central policymakersstakeholders & central policymakers

1. What does central policy and planning have? Capability to produce complex knowledgeCapability to produce complex knowledge..

2. What does central policy and planning need? Local knowledge and local actionsLocal knowledge and local actions..

3. What do local managers of land & species have? Local knowledge & capabilities (skill, cash, time)Local knowledge & capabilities (skill, cash, time)..

4. What do local managers of land & species need? Complex knowledge to guide their actionsComplex knowledge to guide their actions..

Decision support for managers of land and speciesDecision support for managers of land and species: : Councils,Councils, Farmers, Foresters, Reserve managers, Farmers, Foresters, Reserve managers,

Anglers, Hunters, Access InterestsAnglers, Hunters, Access Interests


Exchanging decision-support for Exchanging decision-support for local knowledge and actionslocal knowledge and actions

SCALESCALE CONTEXT / QUESTIONCONTEXT / QUESTION OPERATION MODEOPERATION MODE

FieldField

individualindividual

! BEEP ! BEEP !!HARRIER NEST AHEADHARRIER NEST AHEAD

Divert harvester for 20 metersDivert harvester for 20 meters

Map on communication Map on communication device with GPS-auto-device with GPS-auto-

location capability.location capability.

FarmFarm

individualindividual

If I use my land like this in future, If I use my land like this in future, what happens to my income, game what happens to my income, game

bags and nitrate run-offs?bags and nitrate run-offs?

Auto-guides on farm plan: Auto-guides on farm plan: optimizing game, fishing optimizing game, fishing

and farm income.and farm income.

ParishParish

communitycommunity

How do we route this path to How do we route this path to optimise views while minimising optimise views while minimising erosion and wildlife disturbance?erosion and wildlife disturbance?

Headland mapping GIS:Headland mapping GIS:walking (pay-parking), walking (pay-parking), horse-riding (licence).horse-riding (licence).

Higher Higher govern-govern-

mentment

If trends in land-use continue for 20 If trends in land-use continue for 20 years, how can we still meet years, how can we still meet planned biodiversity targets? planned biodiversity targets?

Scenario: model subsidy Scenario: model subsidy payments for leveraging payments for leveraging

sustainable use activities.sustainable use activities.


Europe is losing biodiversity and ability to provide ecosystem services. Formal Environmental Assessment processes (Impact, Strategic) give some protection. However, individual local stakeholders who manage land and species also make daily informal decisions, within an envelope of regulations and fiscal incentives but based mainly on local environments. The myriad small decisions summate to change land use..

TESS abstractTESS abstract


GANTT-like TESS work-packagesGANTT-like TESS work-packages

WP2Central Survey design

Workshop& report

WP3Local Survey design

Workshop& report

0

MONTH

12MONTH

24

30

NOW

WP5

Cases

Pan-Euro local & central survey

Local mapping & projects &

report


Who makes local decisions?Who makes local decisions?

Approximately how many management decisions, Approximately how many management decisions, on average, do you (or people you represent) on average, do you (or people you represent) make annually that affect the environment in any make annually that affect the environment in any way?way?

Council Farmer Fishing Hunting Forester Reserve (LAU2) Manager Manager Manager

Nu

mb

er o

f D

ecis

ion

s

Austria BulgariaCzech

RepublicEstonia Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Latvia Lithuania Netherlands Poland

1

10

100

1000

Decisio

ns (log

10

N)

Portugal RomaniaSlovak

RepublicSweden Turkey UK Ukraine

LAU’s all

decisions

FarmerFishing

manager

Hunting area

manager

ForesterNature reserve

manager

LAU2

Stakeholders

CountryStakeholders

Austr ia BulgariaCzech

RepublicEston ia Germany Greece Hung ary Ireland L atvia L it huania Netherlands Poland

1

10

100

1000

Decisions (log10N)

Portu gal RomaniaSlovak

Repu blicSwe den Tu rkey UK Ukraine

LAU’s all

decisio ns

FarmerFishing

manage r

Hu nting a rea

man ager

ForesterNature reserve

man ager

LAU2

Stakeholders

CountryStakeholders

1000

100

10


Council Farmer Fishing Hunting Forester Reserve (LAU2) Manager Manager Manager

Rel

ativ

e D

ensi

ty o

f D

ecis

ion

s

1000

1

0.001

Proportion of overall LAU managed

0.00001

0.00010

0.00100

0.01000

0.10000

1.00000

10.00000

100.00000

1000.00000

10000.00000

100000.00000

1.00000E+006

1.00000E+007

1.00000E+008

1.00000E+009

1.00000E+010

Austria

Bulgaria

Czech Republic

Estonia

Germany

Greece

Hungary

Ireland

Latvia

Lithuania

Netherlands

Poland

Portugal

Romania

Slovak Republic

Sweden

Turkey

UK

Ukraine

LAU’s all decisions

Farmer

Fishing Manager

Hunting Area Manager

Forester

Nature Reserve Manager

LAU2

Stakeholders

Country Stakeholders

Proportion of overall LAU managed

0.00001

0.00010

0.00100

0.01000

0.10000

1.00000

10.00000

100.00000

1000.00000

10000.00000

100000.00000

1.00000E+006

1.00000E+007

1.00000E+008

1.00000E+009

1.00000E+010

Austria

Bulgaria

Czech Republic

Estonia

Germany

Greece

Hungary

Ireland

Latvia

Lithuania

Netherlands

Poland

Portugal

Romania

Slovak Republic

Sweden

Turkey

UK

Ukraine

LAU’s all decisions

Farmer

Fishing Manager

Hunting Area Manager

Forester

Nature Reserve Manager

LAU2

Stakeholders

Country Stakeholders

In terms of area managed, decisions are mainly In terms of area managed, decisions are mainly made informally by individual stakeholdersmade informally by individual stakeholders


WP2Central Survey design

Workshop& report

WP3Local Survey design

Workshop& report

0

MONTH

12

24

30

NOW

Brussels Conference

WP5

Cases

Pan-Euro local & central survey

Local mapping & projects &

report

WP6Policy + Internet

Survey, analysis,

policy document

TESS internet design &

report

WP4

Models

Audit of models

Database complete, reported

Gap analysis

TESS survey design in a series of work-packagesTESS survey design in a series of work-packages


We seek to complement formal assessment We seek to complement formal assessment with an internet-based Transactional with an internet-based Transactional Environmental Support System that: Environmental Support System that:

(a) (a) collates all ways to leverage biodiversity collates all ways to leverage biodiversity enhancement, uses models to predict enhancement, uses models to predict economic & biodiversity impacts economic & biodiversity impacts of small-of small-scale actions, scale actions, and delivers context-adaptive and delivers context-adaptive decision support, so that decision support, so that local peoplelocal people can can optimise incomes from ecosystem services, optimise incomes from ecosystem services, in in exchangeexchange for for

(b) information on their decisions, and (b) information on their decisions, and monitored results, monitored results, which integrate to support which integrate to support decisions ofdecisions of central assessors for adaptive central assessors for adaptive governance (governance (regulations & fiscal incentivesregulations & fiscal incentives).).


TESS task 6.1TESS task 6.1Description of Work p 26 (System Design)

While conducting this project we will While conducting this project we will approach commercial information approach commercial information technology enterprises to identify technology enterprises to identify interest in constructing a prototype interest in constructing a prototype system. Pilot work with limited features, system. Pilot work with limited features, would facilitate to handle more topics. would facilitate to handle more topics. We will also consider the potential for a We will also consider the potential for a single environmental support system to single environmental support system to deliver other information to local deliver other information to local communities across Europe.communities across Europe.


Task 6.3 Task 6.3 Socio-economic DesignSocio-economic Design

Q.Q. How to get people to use a conservation-How to get people to use a conservation-through-use TESS that benefits biodiversity?through-use TESS that benefits biodiversity?

A.A. By building it into a portal that is very By building it into a portal that is very attractive because it benefits livelihoods and attractive because it benefits livelihoods and recreation of those using land and species. recreation of those using land and species.

Q.Q. How to design that portal & fund the build? How to design that portal & fund the build?

A.A. By asking (a) By asking (a) organisationsorganisations AND AND (b) (b) individualsindividuals what services they would like it what services they would like it to provide AND what they are prepared to pay.to provide AND what they are prepared to pay.


Towards COUNTTowards COUNTFinding stakeholder requirements through Finding stakeholder requirements through COUNT (COUNT (COCOnservation nservation UNUNited in Trust):ited in Trust):

European Landowners OrganisationEuropean Landowners OrganisationConfederation of European Forest OwnersConfederation of European Forest OwnersEuropean Angling AllianceEuropean Angling AllianceHunters (FACE)Hunters (FACE)Gatherers (ECCF, Plantlife)Gatherers (ECCF, Plantlife)Watchers (BTO, Birdlife, WWF)Watchers (BTO, Birdlife, WWF)Government agencies & local authoritiesGovernment agencies & local authoritiesAcademic institutions & Country CoordinatorsAcademic institutions & Country Coordinators


Conservation through Unified-Conservation through Unified-knowledge and Trustknowledge and TrustCOUNTCOUNT

TESS Country Coordinators (Partners) Contact Title Country

University Prof AUSTRIA

European NGO CEO BELGIUM

National NGO Ms BULGARIA

Government Officer Mr CYPRUS

Private consultant Dr CZECH REP

International GaNGO Commission Chair DENMARK

University Prof ESTONIA

Government Institute Prof FINLAND

Government Institute Dr FRANCE

Government Institute Dr GERMANY

SME CEO GREECE

University Dr HUNGARY

National NGO CEO IRELAND

Private consultant Dr ITALY

National NGO Ms LATVIA

National NGO Dr LITHUANIA

Government Officer Mr LUX'BOURG

Government Institute Mr MALTA

University Dr NETHERLANDS

National NGO Mr NORWAY

National NGO Dr POLAND

SME Dr PORTUGAL

Government Institute Dr ROMANIA

Private consultant Mr SLOVAKIA

National NGO CEO SLOVENIA

University Dr SPAIN

National NGO Dr SWEDEN

International NGO Chair SWITZERLAND

National NGO Ms TURKEY

SME Prof UK

Government Institute Dr UKRAINE


MoreMore1. Survey by TESS partners of requirements of organisations that assist users of environmental resources;

2. Creation of COUNT web-site based on the priorities of the responding stakeholder organisations;

3. Inflow from individuals of more extensive data on information priorities and willingness to pay;

4. Write-up socio-economic design findings in TESS Work Package 6; present to European Commission;

5. Further web-site development by COUNT based on interest in site and willingness to pay.


StagesStages

Stages Months Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar

1. Survey of organisation requirements

2. Creation of COUNT portal

3. Gathering information from individuals

4. Write-up and present findings for TESS

5. Planning further site development

TESSCOUNT

COUNTTESSCOUNT


Information gathering: Survey in 20 Information gathering: Survey in 20 European LanguagesEuropean Languages

a.a. What natural resources organisations and What natural resources organisations and individuals are using & participant numbersindividuals are using & participant numbers

b.b. What issues they want addressed as a What issues they want addressed as a priority for conserving those resourcespriority for conserving those resources

c. How much organisations and individuals are prepared to pay

d. What capabilities for awareness-raising etc are available in organisations

e. What socio-economic factors and approach across states maximise the above


Local Delivery of Environmental Local Delivery of Environmental InformationInformation

1. On-site information on topics in all languages, 1. On-site information on topics in all languages, initially a livelihoods + conservation rationale initially a livelihoods + conservation rationale and some case study examples; and some case study examples; but alsobut also::

2. Links to membership organisations, shopping 2. Links to membership organisations, shopping and other information suppliers;and other information suppliers;

3. On site and in all languages for mapping and to 3. On site and in all languages for mapping and to linked services for species-monitoring;linked services for species-monitoring;

4. Surveys on priority for further development of 4. Surveys on priority for further development of site content; site content; and laterand later::

5. A livelihoods + conservation wiki; 5. A livelihoods + conservation wiki; and finallyand finally, , modelling-based forecasting tools.modelling-based forecasting tools.


Conservation through Unified-Conservation through Unified-knowledge and Trustknowledge and TrustCOUNTCOUNTThe COUNT vision is to enlighten, encourage and The COUNT vision is to enlighten, encourage and

empower local communities to support empower local communities to support biodiversity restoration across Europe, through an biodiversity restoration across Europe, through an internet system that unifies knowledge to guide internet system that unifies knowledge to guide decisions of benefit for biodiversity & livelihoods.decisions of benefit for biodiversity & livelihoods.

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES

•To raise awareness of opportunities for conservation To raise awareness of opportunities for conservation from use of biodiversity & ecosystem services;from use of biodiversity & ecosystem services;•To encourage those who benefit from biodiversity to To encourage those who benefit from biodiversity to conserve it and become its ambassadors;conserve it and become its ambassadors;•To empower in conservation activities the organisations To empower in conservation activities the organisations whose members benefit from biodiversity; andwhose members benefit from biodiversity; and•To provide the internet system that unifies knowledge to To provide the internet system that unifies knowledge to guide decisions of benefit for biodiversity and livelihoods, guide decisions of benefit for biodiversity and livelihoods, and that will help the research & monitoring needed to and that will help the research & monitoring needed to make the system better and better.make the system better and better.


SUMMARY SUMMARY www.tess-project.eu

o Planning since 2001Planning since 2001

o Local, where impacts are mostly unregulatedLocal, where impacts are mostly unregulated

o Integrating research for modelling rapidlyIntegrating research for modelling rapidly

o Exchanging maps for decision supportExchanging maps for decision support

o Livelihoods as well as environment (win-win)Livelihoods as well as environment (win-win)

o Social participation and adaptive governanceSocial participation and adaptive governance

o Self-funding long-term through adding valueSelf-funding long-term through adding value


Synergy / ComplementaritySynergy / Complementarity

o Delivery to local, different stakeholdersDelivery to local, different stakeholders

o Citizen science aids climate-change decisionsCitizen science aids climate-change decisions

o In situ mapping, focus on habitatsIn situ mapping, focus on habitats

o Emphasis on private/voluntary fundingEmphasis on private/voluntary funding

o Could CoCos and CHM reps work together?Could CoCos and CHM reps work together?Communication with local stakeholdersCommunication with local stakeholdersPractical help with specialist translationPractical help with specialist translationSupport for CHM/BISE developmentSupport for CHM/BISE development

Convention on Biological Diversity – Clearing House MechanismEuropean Environment Agency meeting, 16-17 June 2010, Copenhagenwww.tess-project.eu

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