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![Page 1: Controlling Pests and Diseases via Genetic Transformation: Examples from the Public Sector Transgenic Crops for Food Security Pontifical Academy, Rome.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649ef05503460f94c00e19/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Controlling Pests and Diseases viaGenetic Transformation:
Examples from the Public Sector
Transgenic Crops for Food SecurityPontifical Academy, Rome
May 15 -19, 2009
Roger Beachy, Ph.D., President of the Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri
![Page 2: Controlling Pests and Diseases via Genetic Transformation: Examples from the Public Sector Transgenic Crops for Food Security Pontifical Academy, Rome.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649ef05503460f94c00e19/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Improving the Human Condition through Plant Science
Outline
• Needs for genetic controls for pests and pathogens: options include chemical control +/- IPM, breeding for resistance, genetic modification, or crop losses
• Demonstrations from research by the public sector
• Capacity building and technology transfer
• Regulatory hurdles
![Page 3: Controlling Pests and Diseases via Genetic Transformation: Examples from the Public Sector Transgenic Crops for Food Security Pontifical Academy, Rome.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649ef05503460f94c00e19/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Improving the Human Condition through Plant Science
![Page 4: Controlling Pests and Diseases via Genetic Transformation: Examples from the Public Sector Transgenic Crops for Food Security Pontifical Academy, Rome.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649ef05503460f94c00e19/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Improving the Human Condition through Plant Science
![Page 5: Controlling Pests and Diseases via Genetic Transformation: Examples from the Public Sector Transgenic Crops for Food Security Pontifical Academy, Rome.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649ef05503460f94c00e19/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Improving the Human Condition through Plant Science
![Page 6: Controlling Pests and Diseases via Genetic Transformation: Examples from the Public Sector Transgenic Crops for Food Security Pontifical Academy, Rome.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649ef05503460f94c00e19/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
160000
180000
Total Insects Total Diseases
Total VirusesTotal
78,144 (M) Euros 71,253
(M) Euros
16,882 ( M) Euros
166,279 (M) Euros
Worldwide Cost (million €) of Losses Due to Insects, Diseases, and Viruses in Five Major Food Crops
(maize, rice, wheat, potato, soybean)
![Page 7: Controlling Pests and Diseases via Genetic Transformation: Examples from the Public Sector Transgenic Crops for Food Security Pontifical Academy, Rome.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649ef05503460f94c00e19/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Improving the Human Condition through Plant Science
Control of diseases caused by fungi: research but no commercialization to date
• Resistance to Pythophthera infestans/late blight: R gene from wild species: technology at near-commercial level (several univ.)
• Use of chitinase, glucanase and other PR proteins for control of Aspergillis, Fusarium spp., and others: not commericial (mulitple locations)
• Defensin proteins: not commercial (multiple)
![Page 8: Controlling Pests and Diseases via Genetic Transformation: Examples from the Public Sector Transgenic Crops for Food Security Pontifical Academy, Rome.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649ef05503460f94c00e19/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Improving the Human Condition through Plant Science
Transgenic Approaches to Control Fungal Pathogens using Antifungal
Defensins
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Improving the Human Condition through Plant Science
Goal: Resistance to F. verticilliodesin maize
• Maize for Africa and U.S.: reduce ‘gray mold’ and mycotoxins, increased value
(field trials under- way in U.S.)
Cancer riskReduced nutrition
![Page 10: Controlling Pests and Diseases via Genetic Transformation: Examples from the Public Sector Transgenic Crops for Food Security Pontifical Academy, Rome.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649ef05503460f94c00e19/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Alfalfa defensin confers strong resistance to
V.dahliae in potato
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![Page 12: Controlling Pests and Diseases via Genetic Transformation: Examples from the Public Sector Transgenic Crops for Food Security Pontifical Academy, Rome.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649ef05503460f94c00e19/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Development of East African Development of East African Highland Banana Resistant Highland Banana Resistant
to Black Sigatoka and to Black Sigatoka and Nematodes using Genetic Nematodes using Genetic
Engineering Engineering