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Transcript of Continuously Enhancing the Skill Base of Crew On Board Minerva Alfonso UK Regional Manager London,...
Continuously Enhancing the
Skill Base of Crew On Board
Minerva Alfonso
UK Regional Manager
London, 30 May 2007
Presentation
I. Introduction
II. Tanker Fleet Performance
III. Incident Analysis - focus on the Human Element in Shipping
IV. Importance of training and the benefits of on-board Computer Based Training (CBT)
The International Association of Independent Tanker Owners
Membership:
250 + members representing > 80% of the independent oil tanker fleet and > 85% of the chemical carrier fleet, with strict membership criteria
300 + associate members in oil and chemical tanker related businesses
INTERTANKO Services
• INTERTANKO represents and promotes the interests of responsible oil and chemical tanker owners worldwide
and
• provides members with technical, operational, legal, documentary and other support services, information and advice
Management Committee
Council
Executive Committee
Annual General Meeting
Shipowner Issues Sub-Committee
Q-QuestSub-Committee
Chemical Tanker Sub-Committee Americas
Bunker Sub-Committee
Chemical Tanker Committee (CTC)
Associate Members Committee
Insurance & Legal Committee
Documentary Committee
Environmental Committee
Human Element Committee
Short Sea Tanker Group
IT Committee
Offshore Tanker Committee
Safety, Technical & Environmental
Committee (ISTEC)
Worldscale Committee
Vetting Committee
ASIAN REGIONAL PANEL
HELLENIC FORUM
LATIN AMERICAN PANEL
NORTH AMERICAN PANEL
ORGANISATION
14 issue driven Committees&
4 Regional Panels
MISSION “Provide leadership to the Tanker Industry in
serving the world with the safe, environmentally sound and efficient seaborne
transportation of oil, gas and chemical products.”
VISION for the TANKER INDUSTRY
“A responsible, sustainable and respected Tanker Industry, committed to continuous
improvement and constructively influencing its future.”
Mission and Vision
Commitment to Continuous Improvement
Primary Goals
Lead the continuous improvement of the Tanker Industry’s performance in striving to achieve the
goals of:
Zero fatalities
Zero pollution
Zero detentions
TANKER FLEET PERFORMANCE
Seaborne Crude Oil Flows 2005
Source: ITOPF. Number of spills above 700 tonnes.
Record of Oil Spills
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1971-75 1975-80 1981-75 1986-90 1991-95 1996-00 2001-05
Pollution from tankersTonnes / billion tonne mile
Tanker accidental pollution rate tonnes spilt per bn tonne miles trade
Source: ITOPF spills, Fearnleys: Tonne miles
Tanker incidents by cause 1978-2006
Number incidents
Source: INTERTANKO/Informa
0
200
400
600
800
1000
War
Hull & Machinery
Fire/Expl
Grounded
Coll/Contact
Misc.
ANALYSIS OF RECENT
INCIDENT DATA
Inter-Industry Group
The Inter-Industry Group consists of: • INTERTANKO• International Chamber of Shipping (ICS)• Oil Companies’ International Marine Forum
(OCIMF)• European Chemical Industry Council (CEFIC)• International Association of Classification Societies
(IACS), • The International Group of P&I Clubs (IG)• International Parcel Tankers Association (IPTA).
IIG Conclusions
The primary cause of these incidents could be attributed to the
failure of the crew to follow procedures.
Recommendations
• To find solutions to the primary cause of the incidents, i.e. the Human Element
• Application of Inert Gas to new oil tankers of less than 20,000 DWT and new chemical tankers.
Det norske Veritas Analysis of Incidents
• reduction in the general level of experience as ships were crewed with more new recruits, retention rates declined and people were promoted faster.
• Loss of experience among crews was also a “stress factor” for those who continually had to train new crew members.
Tanker contracting
$ bn$ bn m dwtm dwt
VLCC 13. 4 $ bnSuezmax: 5.9 ”Aframax: 8.8 ”Panamax: 2.8 ”Handy: 22.9 ” (43%)
Source: INTERTANKO/Clarkson Shipyard MonitorSource: INTERTANKO/Clarkson Shipyard Monitor
0
11
22
33
44
55
0
17
34
51
68
85
Handy
Aframaxes
Suezmaxes
VLCCs
m dwt
INTERTANKO Human Elementin Shipping Committee
• Will consider the attraction, training and retention of seafarers
• examine i.a. the interaction of the human element with aspects of ship design and operation,
• the development of enhanced compliance cultures, etc.
On board Computer Based Training
(CBT)
What is CBT
The term Computer Based Training covers a broad range of programs which vary from:
• simple “power point” style• more sophisticated and interactive programs /
simulators.
CBT’s in use onboard
The most common CBT’s used on board today are of the “power point presentation” type
How does CBT stimulate learning
We can simplify the ingredients of learning as:
Memorising
Understanding
Doing
M. U. D.
Knowledge Transfer
THE most important element in any CBT is the information it can transfer to the learner
THE CONTENT
Accreditation
Approval or accreditation of courses that use CBT is done by some Maritime Administrations for a limited number of subjects related to STCW competencies.
Challenges for Accrediting Authorities
• It takes a great deal of time and effort to verify both the functionality of a CBT and the validity of its content.
• Consequently the number of courses that are currently approved by a qualified authority is rather small – but growing.
Advantages of CBT
• Learner- centred • Trainees can learn a task or procedure
without suffering the consequences of getting it wrong
• CBT is a more cost effective means of training• Consistency of knowledge transfer
• Flexibility
Advantages of CBT
• When used on board, the learner is accessing CBT’s close to the point where acquired skills will be applied thereby facilitating knowledge transfer.
• It is particularly suited to Type Specific Training.
Advantages of CBT
• There is a growing body of evidence which supports the view that CBT programs can have a positive influence on safety, environmental awareness and operational proficiency.
Advantages of CBT
• The time-consuming tasks such as marking and record keeping are performed by the program. A particular advantage in a working environment where senior personnel are already heavily burdened with other administrative tasks.
CBT and Competence Management
• Maintaining a record of all learning events is an integral part of any competence Management System.
• CBT programs are able to record computer based learning events and assessment results automatically.
• Where a company invests in their own ship specific CBT’s they not only develop a training tool but create an inventory of specialised knowledge required for the safe and efficient operation of their fleet.
Computer Based Assessment
• Computer based assessment provides an effective means of monitoring competence both during service aboard as well as ashore.
• More sophisticated programs provide a comprehensive record of training and assessment and functions that allow results to be analysed from which training needs can be ascertained.
Computer Based AssessmentComputer Based Assessment
• A deficiency in critical knowledge is A deficiency in critical knowledge is identifiedidentified
Measuring the Benefits
Many shore based industries have embraced CBT and various studies indicate that learning objectives are achieved more quickly with CBT compared to conventional instructor led training.
CBT On Board
As part of a blend of learning events, integrated into a properly managed competence development system, CBT should be able to deliver measurable results in safety and operational proficiency, and cost savings.
INTERTANKO Initiatives
• INTERTANKO encourages its members to provide cadet berths on their ships, and to provide for such accommodation when designing newbuildings.
• The Association encourages the provision of training facilities on ships – desks, chairs, manuals, DVD equipment.
• encourages members who have not used onboard CBT as a learning tool to evaluate the free, trial disks available from the Secretariat
THANK YOU
www.intertanko.com
www.themaritimefoundation.com
www.shippingfacts.com