Contextualize of Adaptive on farm Livelihood Options in Haor and...
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Farmer’s Field Laboratory: An Approach for Contextualize of Adaptive on farm Livelihood Options in Haor and Coastal areas of Bangladesh Md. Anwar Hossain Deputy Programme Manager (Technical) Climate Change
Transcript of Contextualize of Adaptive on farm Livelihood Options in Haor and...
Farmer’s Field Laboratory: An Approach for Contextualize of Adaptive on farm Livelihood Options
in Haor and Coastal areas of Bangladesh
Md. Anwar Hossain
Deputy Programme Manager (Technical) Climate Change
Rational
Effect of climate variability is a barrier to generalize a technology for an area. For example, salinity differs from village to village. Lack of proven climate adaptive livelihood options (CALO). Lack of access to information of the farmer. Lack of capacity of a farmer to test a new crop or technology with his own initiative. Farmers try to customize the certified technology in his adaptation process.
Objective
To increase the capacity of the framers so that they can test and contextualize the recommended agricultural technologies using his indigenous knowledge for better adaptation. To identify Climate Adaptive on farm Livelihood Options (CALO)
CALO Identification Process
Community Vulnerability
analysis
• Assessment of vulnerability/problems and probable alternatives.
Farmers Field Laboratory for
Identifying CALO
•Action research ( Involving Research Organization, Field Testing)
•Process Documentation (Best Practices and Lesson Learnt)
•Sharing (for promotion and wider replication)
Extension
•Developing community extension worker and disseminate in wider farmers
•Formation producer group
•Capacity building, market linkage and private sector engagement
Farmer’s Field Laboratory
Farmer’s field laboratory is a piece of land where a farmer tries to test a new technology using his existing knowledge and experience with the support of expert knowledge. It does not demonstrate result or process to other farmers as the result is uncertain. That is why it is not demonstration plot. It does not teach a specific topics to a group of farmer step by step that is why it is not Farmer’s field school.
Farmer’s Field Laboratory Process
Farmers Field
Laboratory
Research institute (BARI, BLRI, BINA etc)
Upazilla Agril, livestock, fisheries
Dept. etc)
Community (PG group)
NGO, CBO (supervision
and monitoring)
Farmer’s Indigenous Knowledge
Lesson learn sharing
Market & Private Sector
Linkage
Approach of Farmer’s Field Laboratory
Recognizing farmers indigenous knowledge & skill.
People centered.
Farmers empowerment by discovery based learning.
Farmers can develop solutions to their own problems.
Contextualization of available certified technology.
Steps of Farmer’s Field Laboratory
Dr. Abdul Aziz, CSO and Head of Agronomy Division, BARI Abdur Razzaque, CSO and Head of Irrigation Division, BARI
discussing with farmer at Field
Md. Humayun Kabir, Upazilla Agriculture Officer, Koira, Khulna
visiting farmer’s field
Jointo Kumar Dash, Sub assistance, Agriculture Officer, Sulla, Sunamgonj
advising farmer
Assessment of vulnerability/problems and
probable alternatives.
MOU with BARI
Field visit of scientists and technology listed
Farmer selection involving WDMC
Seed and Technology collection from research
Input (Fertilizer and land preparation cost)support
Involving SAO, AO, Livestock and Fisheries Officers
Monitoring and follow up by IR,B
Documentation and Scale up
Lesson learned sharing with community
Lesson learned sharing
Data collection
Documentation
Lesson learned sharing
Scale up and Market linkage, private sector engagement
Factors Considered in Technology Selection
(i)The technology maintains or strengthens existing biological diversity and is environmentally sustainable and not subject to controversy (e.g. GM varieties). (ii) The information regarding the technology is available. (iii) The technology addresses a climate specific stress or opportunity (e.g. Salinity, temperature, humidity etc) (iv) The technology utilises water, carbon and nutrient cycles efficiently and enables stable and/or increased productivity (v) The technology has income-generating potential, is cost effective and accessible to all levels of farmers (vi) Potential for up-scaling, crop intensification and integration into location specific and local level agricultural extension plans.
Area Selection
Farmer Selection Criteria •Farmer should be a lead farmer. •Relatively well-off farmer (Ownership of more than 50 decimal land) •Enthusiastic •Interest in experiment •Ability to manage the field •Ability for contribution his land (at least 10 decimal), time and labor
District Upazila
Khulna Koyra
Satkhira Shyamnagar
Patuakhali Galachipa
Sunamganj Sulla
Farmer’s Field Laboratory: Sulla, Sunamgonj
Climatic
constraints
Crop (Variety) Crop selection criteria
Life span
days
Harvesting
time
Save from
flash flood
Type of land Use
Flash flood,
Irregular
rainfall
Mustard (BARI
Sarisha 14)
Short duration
Less water requirement
78 Late
January
√ Medium high kanda
Wheat (BARI
Gom 26)
Requires less water than
Boro rice.
100 March √ Boro rice land
Pumpkin
(Sweety)
Requires less water than
Boro rice.
160-190 Late March √ Boro rice land
Radish
(Tasakisan)
Short duration 45 November √ Knada land
Lentil (BARI
Moshur)
Dry condition is favorable 110 Mid of
March
√ Knada land
Garlic (BAU
Roshun 2)
Minimum water
requirement
100 Early
March
√ Boro rice land
Potato
(Diamond)
Minimum water
requirement
End
January
√ Low kanda land
Sulla, Sunamgonj
Crop: Mustard Variety: BARI Sorisha-14
Picture : BARI Sarisha 14
Opportunity: Following mustard cultivation apiculture could be introduced. It has great opportunity to use vast fallow land.
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
yield (t/ha)
FFL
Expected highest
National Average
Date of sowing
Date of harvestin
g
Life span
Yield Expected highest yield
National average yield
5.11.2014 22.1.2015
78 days
0.95 t/ha
1.5 t/ha (BARI, 2011)
0.89 t/ha (BARI 2011)
Pic: BARI Gom 26
Opportunity: •Kanda land is very suitable •Creates job opportunity 46 man days/ha Lesson learned: •Sowing time could be postponed by 15 days •Another variety could be tested
Crop: Wheat, Variety: BARI Gom-26
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0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Wheat yield (t/ha)
FFL
Expected highest
National Average
Sulla, Sunamgonj
Date of sowing
Date of harvestin
g
Life span
Yield Expected highest yield
National average yield
3.11.2014 5.2.2015 94 days
1.83 t/ha
3.5 t/ha (BARI, 2011)
1.87 t/ha (Mondol,2011)
Crop: Garlic, Variety: BAU Roshun-2
Picture: BAU Roshun 2
Opportunity: •Safe from flash flood •Highly potential for Kanda land •Scope of crop diversification and increasing cropping intensity
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2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Garlic yield (t/ha)
FFL
Expected highest
National Average
Sulla, Sunamgonj
Date of sowing
Date of harvestin
g
Life span
Yield Expected highest yield
National average yield
3.11.2014 7.3. 2015
96 days
10 t/ha
12 t/ha (BARI, 2008)
2-3 t/ha (Bau 2012)
Sulla, Sunamgonj Crop: Radish+Pumpkin , Variety: Pumpkin( sweety) Radish (Tasakisan)
Date of sowing: 28.10.2014 Date of Radish harvesting: 14.12.2014 Pumpkin harvesting starts : 18.2.2015 Life span of pumpkin: 160-190 days Fruit weight: 5-6kg/fruit Opportunity: Market is available. Storable and usable for during rainy season. Scope of crop intensification and income creating Creates job opportunity
Pic: Pumpkin
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5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Pumpkin yield (t/ha)
FFL
Expected highest
National Average
Sulla, Sunamgonj
Crop: Radish Variety: Tasakisan
Opportunity: Local market demand high. After radish boro rice or wheat can be grown easily
Pic: Radish field Anandopur, Sulla, Sunamgonj
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Radish yield (t/ha)
FFL
Expected highest
National Average
Date of sowing
Date of harvestin
g
Life span
Yield Expected highest yield
National average yield
28.10.2014
14.12. 2014
45-50 days
60 t/ha
70 t/ha (BARI, 2008)
31 t/ha (Bau 2012)
Sulla, Sunamgonj Crop: Potato+Pumpkin , Variety: Potato- Diamond , Pumpkin- Sweety
Date of potato sowing: 15.11.2014 Date of potato harvesting: 28.1.2015 Yield of potato: 18mt/ha Pumpkin transplanting : 20.11.2014 Adaptation potentiality: Market is available. Storable and usable for during rainy season. Scope of crop intensification. Scope of Job opportunity.
Pic: Potato field, Suskai, Sulla, Sunamgonj
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2
4
6
8
10
12
14
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18
20
Potato yield (t/ha)
FFL
Expected highest
National Average
Sulla, Sunamgonj Crop: Lentil , Variety: BARI Moshur 6
Date of seed sowing: 20.10.2014 Result: Failed Lesson learnd: Lentil is very humidity sensitive. The soil of sulla takes long time to get back in Zoe condition after a rain. Again trial could be done using high Kanda land
Major constraints in crop production: 1. Soil salinity 2. Scarcity of irrigation water 3. Temperature fluctuation 4. Erratic and irregular rainfall 5. Soil acidity 6. Hot and dry weather 7. Saline sand dune
Selected crop/ technology to test: 1. Barely 2. Wheat 3. Mustard 4. Sunflower
Farmer’s Field Laboratory: Koyra, Khulna
Koyra, Khulna Crop: Wheat , Variety: BARI Gom-26
Pic: BARI Gom 26
Lesson learned 1. Need to increase the water holding
capacity of the soil. 2. Vast fallow land is suitable for wheat
production 3. Creates job opportunity 50 man-days/ha 4. Two irrigation were required 5. Rat control was a big challenge.
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0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
Wheat yield )t/ha)
FFL yield
Laboratory highest yield
National average yield
Soil salinity: 6 ds/m Irrigation requirement: 2 Salinity of irrigation water: 3.5ds/m
Date of sowing
Date of harvestin
g
Life span
Yield Expected highest yield
National average yield
17.11.2014
6.3. 2015
110 days
4 t/ha
3.5-4.5 t/ha (BARI ,2011)
1.87 t/ha (Mondol 2011
Koyra, Khulna Crop: Barely , Variety: BARI Job 4
Opportunity: •Barely is very stress tolerant •It does not require much irrigation •could be grown for fodder using vast fallow land. •It protect soil from dusting and exposing to sunlight. •No major diseases or pest observed
Pic: Barely field , Kalikapur, Koyra, Khulna
Soil salinity: 6ds/m Irrigation required: 1 Salinity of irrigation water: 5 ds/m
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Barely yield (t/ha)
FFL yield
Laboratory highest yield
National average yield
Date of sowing
Date of harvestin
g
Life span days
FFL Yield
Expected highest yield
National average yield
20.11.2014 9.3. 2015 109 2.5 t/ha
2.20t/ha (BARI ,2011)
1.87 t/ha (BARI,2011
Koyra, Khulna Crop: Mustard , Variety: BARI Sharisha 14
Opportunity: Very suitable for the field near to homestead with irrigation facilities.
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0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
Mustard yield (t/ha)
FFL yield
Laboratory highest yield
National average yield
Date of sowing
Date of harvestin
g
Life span days
Yield Expected highest yield
National average yield
12.11.2014 9.2. 2015 86 1 t/ha
1.5 t/ha (BARI ,2011)
0.89 t/ha (BARI,2011
Lesson Learned
1. Farmers are found very interested to know new technologies.
2. Farmers feel empowered and dignity to be involved in discovery.
3. Involvement of CBO in the FFL a culture may be developed for community based adaptation.
4. Strengthening Farmer-NGO-Research Institute-Extension Department relationship may shorter the technology transfer process.
Recommendations 1. The results and lesson learned came out from the FFL
need to continue involving more farmers. 2. Introduction of selected Rabi crops in the Sulla can be
good solution to cope up against flash flood. 3. Garlic, Mustard, Wheat and Pumpkin are found suitable
for crop diversification and intensification in Haor context.
4. In the coastal area Barely, Wheat and Mustard are found suitable to face soil salinity, high temperature and water scarcity.
5. The supports for FFL should continue with expansion.
