Mr. Dhruba RayDoordarshan, India

Session-5Session-5

Mr. Norman Lievaart, Irdeto, The Neatherlands

Mr. PH. CheungSony, Hongkong

Mr. Teo Gim Loo Panasonic, Singapore

Content Creation : Cutting Edge Technology

Dhruba Ray, Chief Engineer in Doordarshan is a distinguished engineer & familiar figure in the Broadcasting circles in India. After completing his Masters Degree in Electronics and Telecommunication, he joined the Indian Broadcasting Services (IBES) in 1971.

Initial grooming of Mr. Ray in Film & Television Institute Pune has made him not only exceptional in Television technologies but also more passionate towards the aesthetics & quality of TV production.

Mr. Ray has had an illustrious career of more than 3 decades in various fields of Radio & TV broadcasting encompassing, Installation, Operation & management, Planning & design and overall Project Management. He has been associated with the TV coverage of ASIAD-82, NAM and CHOGAM. His long association with Studio Planning & System design in DD headquarter in past decades has offered a focused vision leading present day Doordarshan production technology to a global broadcasting standards. Mr. Ray is also known for his meticulous planning, immaculate implementation and solution oriented approach.

Mr. Ray has been instrumental in conceptualizing & execution of Premier project for establishing the first ever Digital TV production facility in both the houses of the Indian Parliament, which is first of its kind in the country having Unmanned Robotic Camera System. The mega-Studio project Doordarshan Bhawan Phase-II at Delhi with six studios in the complex has also been completed under his valuable directions. As zonal engineering head in East & North East zones, Mr. Ray upheld the agenda of time bound project completion and quality operations.

Mr. Ray has also worked as ITU expert for Nepal TV and as ABU Technical Consultant in Bhutan, North Korea and Mauritius.

Presently as Chief Engineer in Doordarshan Directorate Mr. Ray is entrusted with significant responsibilities of Studio System Planning & design and Operation Maintenance & revenue generating services of Doordarshan Network.

Mr. Dhruba RayDoordarshan, India

V-`

Content protection/quality/assessment in digital era

Mr. Norman LievaartIrdeto, The Neatherlands

Abstract

Ever-growing numbers of consumers are embracing the personal benefits of the digital media age. Following the mass-adoption of portable digital audio devices, such as the Apple iPod, many people are becoming aware that they can be liberated from the traditional constraints of consuming media content it can now be consumed at any time, any place and on a broad range of personal devices.

Mobile phones and their new capabilities are leading this revolution, having evolved into multimedia devices in just a few years. New technologies and standards now permit the efficient delivery of rich multimedia content (from ring tones to live TV) to mobile handsets.

The success of a mobile multimedia operation is critically dependant on the Return On Investment (ROI) of the project. Profitable operations can be realised by providing rich content to paying subscribers only. This requirement can be met by deploying a content protection system as part of the overall operation. In addition, content protection is often a contractual requirement from content providers who want to secure revenue streams by preventing theft of their broadcast content.

The different business models and the nature of the content to be distributed, will dictate what type of content protection system is to be deployed. This paper outlines the two approaches that are currently available for protecting content in a mobile multimedia environment. It also provides an overview of the content protection issues associated with each variant and makes recommendations for specific deployments.

Dhruba Ray, Chief Engineer in Doordarshan is a distinguished engineer & familiar figure in the Broadcasting circles in India. After completing his Masters Degree in Electronics and Telecommunication, he joined the Indian Broadcasting Services (IBES) in 1971.

Initial grooming of Mr. Ray in Film & Television Institute Pune has made him not only exceptional in Television technologies but also more passionate towards the aesthetics & quality of TV production.

Mr. Ray has had an illustrious career of more than 3 decades in various fields of Radio & TV broadcasting encompassing, Installation, Operation & management, Planning & design and overall Project Management. He has been associated with the TV coverage of ASIAD-82, NAM and CHOGAM. His long association with Studio Planning & System design in DD headquarter in past decades has offered a focused vision leading present day Doordarshan production technology to a global broadcasting standards. Mr. Ray is also known for his meticulous planning, immaculate implementation and solution oriented approach.

Mr. Ray has been instrumental in conceptualizing & execution of Premier project for establishing the first ever Digital TV production facility in both the houses of the Indian Parliament, which is first of its kind in the country having Unmanned Robotic Camera System. The mega-Studio project Doordarshan Bhawan Phase-II at Delhi with six studios in the complex has also been completed under his valuable directions. As zonal engineering head in East & North East zones, Mr. Ray upheld the agenda of time bound project completion and quality operations.

Mr. Ray has also worked as ITU expert for Nepal TV and as ABU Technical Consultant in Bhutan, North Korea and Mauritius.

Presently as Chief Engineer in Doordarshan Directorate Mr. Ray is entrusted with significant responsibilities of Studio System Planning & design and Operation Maintenance & revenue generating services of Doordarshan Network.

Mr. Dhruba RayDoordarshan, India

V-`

Content protection/quality/assessment in digital era

Mr. Norman LievaartIrdeto, The Neatherlands

Abstract

Ever-growing numbers of consumers are embracing the personal benefits of the digital media age. Following the mass-adoption of portable digital audio devices, such as the Apple iPod, many people are becoming aware that they can be liberated from the traditional constraints of consuming media content it can now be consumed at any time, any place and on a broad range of personal devices.

Mobile phones and their new capabilities are leading this revolution, having evolved into multimedia devices in just a few years. New technologies and standards now permit the efficient delivery of rich multimedia content (from ring tones to live TV) to mobile handsets.

The success of a mobile multimedia operation is critically dependant on the Return On Investment (ROI) of the project. Profitable operations can be realised by providing rich content to paying subscribers only. This requirement can be met by deploying a content protection system as part of the overall operation. In addition, content protection is often a contractual requirement from content providers who want to secure revenue streams by preventing theft of their broadcast content.

The different business models and the nature of the content to be distributed, will dictate what type of content protection system is to be deployed. This paper outlines the two approaches that are currently available for protecting content in a mobile multimedia environment. It also provides an overview of the content protection issues associated with each variant and makes recommendations for specific deployments.

V-2 V-3

Several opportunities and business models are Introductionavailable to the operator for defining new ways of

With more than 4 billion TV users and more than 2 selling, distributing and consuming content for

billion mobile phone users worldwide, the wireless mobile end-users.

and broadcast industries are seeing the business Standardsopportunities for generating new revenue streams In addition to proprietary standards (e.g. Apple by offering a variety of multimedia services to iTunes, Microsoft DRM, Irdeto KeyDRM), an open mobile devices.standard for mobile applications also exists: the

To secure revenue streams, Service & Content Open Mobile Alliance (OMA). This is an

protection solutions are available to mobile organisation of over 350 companies that has since

multimedia service providers. They fall into two 2002, defined the OMA Download, OMA DRM

categories:and other standards for the mobile device industry.

· Content ProtectionStandards, such as OMA, are important to mobile

Digital Rights Management (DRM) techniques operators. They facilitate the availability of multi-

are employed to control and protect the use and vendor solutions, while promoting compatibility

consumption of content, according to business between the systems. Ultimately, it leads to reduced

rules, in the end-user device. Mobile DRM is prices for all players in the value chain

primarily concerned with protecting digital (manufacturers, network operators and

content, such as ring tones, wallpaper/ consumers).

screensavers, games, audio and video clips that OMA DRM is based on a subset of the Open can be downloaded to portable devices over the Digital Rights Language (ODRL). ODRL is an mobile network. Note however that DRM Extensible Markup Language (XML) based rights techniques are not suitable for protecting higher expression language, a mechanism for specifying value content, such as broadcast TV. rights independently of the content type and

· Service Protectiontransport mechanism.

Conditional Access (CA) is a technique that is OMA members (mobile operators, handset employed to enable the access to broadcasting manufacturers, equipment vendors, system content for subscribing customers only. It is a integrators and other companies related to the good approach for operators who wish to offer wireless industry), have undertaken to ensure high value audio and video services via a variety interoperability across all implementations. of business models, on a per-service basis i.e.

monthly subscription, Pay Per View (PPV) etc. Two versions of OMA DRM have been released to date: Both technologies can be employed together to

provide an even greater degree of control over · OMA DRM 1.0 (June 2004)consumed content. These techniques and other related issues are further explored in this paper.

CONTENT PROTECTION FOR MOBILE

IntroductionDRM systems have been designed as a means for managing and controlling the consumption of digital files (e.g. games or multimedia content) delivered as a point-to-point service. They are based on enforcing rules of usage in the portable device itself (based on a counter e.g. play 3 times, or timer e.g. play for 5 days).

This first version provides basic DRM Architecturefunctionalities (forward lock, combined delivery Irdeto OMA DRM clients are built on a and separate delivery). progressive, cross-platform client architecture.

· OMA DRM 2.0 (March 2006) They are designed to meet a range of device The second release provides additional features requirements, from less robust feature phones to for a more sophisticated DRM system, the highest performance smart phones. The tiered enhanced security, as well as distribution and architecture separates platfor m-specif ic payment business models. components from platform-neutral components,

promoting portability across hardware and OMA DRM System Overviewsoftware platforms. These DRM clients can be A conceptual architecture of a Mobile DRM system modified in both presentation and core is shown in the diagram below:functionality.

The diagram shows that the DRM agent is Client Componentsintegrated into the handset, while at the head-end,

one or two entities manage the “trust” within the A conceptual diagram of the client architecture of system. Irdeto's OMA 2.0 DRM solution is shown in the

diagram below.The trust created by the trust entity is used by the DRM server and the DRM agent to exchange As can be seen, the client consists of three main (public/private cryptographic) keys, which are in sections:t u r n u s e d t o i m p l e m e n t a s e c u r e

· The DRM Enginesettlement/transaction of rights. The management The Engine contains the core DRM logic for

of trust thus lies with an independent entity, with managing OMA-protected media content

the merchants employing this trust in their business propositions to subscribers.

In a point-to-point environment, this DRM content protection approach is secure and works well. It is however cryptographically vulnerable when used in a “one-to-many” broadcasting environment (the “blowback attack”). In a DRM environment, one key common to all users, is used for a given piece of content. If this key is pirated, content is effectively available to all. This has serious implications for a mobile television operation based on DRM content protection.

In a Conditional Access-based broadcasting system on the other hand, unique keys are generated for each subscriber and for each piece of content. These keys also change at different rates, making this approach far more resilient to pirate attacks.

· The SPI LayerOverview of Irdeto's DRM Solution This layer abstracts platform-specific

components that are used by the DRM Engine.Irdeto currently offers OMA DRM 1.0 and 2.0 compliant DRM clients. The Irdeto OMA DRM · The Application Interface1.0 client has been ported to several platforms, The OMA DRM 2.0 Client solution provides a including Symbian, Windows Mobile, Linux, and robust API that enables device applications to Nucleus. It has also been deployed by some of the access DRM engine functionality.leading device manufacturers worldwide.

Content protection/quality/assessment in digital era

V-2 V-3

Several opportunities and business models are Introductionavailable to the operator for defining new ways of

With more than 4 billion TV users and more than 2 selling, distributing and consuming content for

billion mobile phone users worldwide, the wireless mobile end-users.

and broadcast industries are seeing the business Standardsopportunities for generating new revenue streams In addition to proprietary standards (e.g. Apple by offering a variety of multimedia services to iTunes, Microsoft DRM, Irdeto KeyDRM), an open mobile devices.standard for mobile applications also exists: the

To secure revenue streams, Service & Content Open Mobile Alliance (OMA). This is an

protection solutions are available to mobile organisation of over 350 companies that has since

multimedia service providers. They fall into two 2002, defined the OMA Download, OMA DRM

categories:and other standards for the mobile device industry.

· Content ProtectionStandards, such as OMA, are important to mobile

Digital Rights Management (DRM) techniques operators. They facilitate the availability of multi-

are employed to control and protect the use and vendor solutions, while promoting compatibility

consumption of content, according to business between the systems. Ultimately, it leads to reduced

rules, in the end-user device. Mobile DRM is prices for all players in the value chain

primarily concerned with protecting digital (manufacturers, network operators and

content, such as ring tones, wallpaper/ consumers).

screensavers, games, audio and video clips that OMA DRM is based on a subset of the Open can be downloaded to portable devices over the Digital Rights Language (ODRL). ODRL is an mobile network. Note however that DRM Extensible Markup Language (XML) based rights techniques are not suitable for protecting higher expression language, a mechanism for specifying value content, such as broadcast TV. rights independently of the content type and

· Service Protectiontransport mechanism.

Conditional Access (CA) is a technique that is OMA members (mobile operators, handset employed to enable the access to broadcasting manufacturers, equipment vendors, system content for subscribing customers only. It is a integrators and other companies related to the good approach for operators who wish to offer wireless industry), have undertaken to ensure high value audio and video services via a variety interoperability across all implementations. of business models, on a per-service basis i.e.

monthly subscription, Pay Per View (PPV) etc. Two versions of OMA DRM have been released to date: Both technologies can be employed together to

provide an even greater degree of control over · OMA DRM 1.0 (June 2004)consumed content. These techniques and other related issues are further explored in this paper.

CONTENT PROTECTION FOR MOBILE

IntroductionDRM systems have been designed as a means for managing and controlling the consumption of digital files (e.g. games or multimedia content) delivered as a point-to-point service. They are based on enforcing rules of usage in the portable device itself (based on a counter e.g. play 3 times, or timer e.g. play for 5 days).

This first version provides basic DRM Architecturefunctionalities (forward lock, combined delivery Irdeto OMA DRM clients are built on a and separate delivery). progressive, cross-platform client architecture.

· OMA DRM 2.0 (March 2006) They are designed to meet a range of device The second release provides additional features requirements, from less robust feature phones to for a more sophisticated DRM system, the highest performance smart phones. The tiered enhanced security, as well as distribution and architecture separates platfor m-specif ic payment business models. components from platform-neutral components,

promoting portability across hardware and OMA DRM System Overviewsoftware platforms. These DRM clients can be A conceptual architecture of a Mobile DRM system modified in both presentation and core is shown in the diagram below:functionality.

The diagram shows that the DRM agent is Client Componentsintegrated into the handset, while at the head-end,

one or two entities manage the “trust” within the A conceptual diagram of the client architecture of system. Irdeto's OMA 2.0 DRM solution is shown in the

diagram below.The trust created by the trust entity is used by the DRM server and the DRM agent to exchange As can be seen, the client consists of three main (public/private cryptographic) keys, which are in sections:t u r n u s e d t o i m p l e m e n t a s e c u r e

· The DRM Enginesettlement/transaction of rights. The management The Engine contains the core DRM logic for

of trust thus lies with an independent entity, with managing OMA-protected media content

the merchants employing this trust in their business propositions to subscribers.

In a point-to-point environment, this DRM content protection approach is secure and works well. It is however cryptographically vulnerable when used in a “one-to-many” broadcasting environment (the “blowback attack”). In a DRM environment, one key common to all users, is used for a given piece of content. If this key is pirated, content is effectively available to all. This has serious implications for a mobile television operation based on DRM content protection.

In a Conditional Access-based broadcasting system on the other hand, unique keys are generated for each subscriber and for each piece of content. These keys also change at different rates, making this approach far more resilient to pirate attacks.

· The SPI LayerOverview of Irdeto's DRM Solution This layer abstracts platform-specific

components that are used by the DRM Engine.Irdeto currently offers OMA DRM 1.0 and 2.0 compliant DRM clients. The Irdeto OMA DRM · The Application Interface1.0 client has been ported to several platforms, The OMA DRM 2.0 Client solution provides a including Symbian, Windows Mobile, Linux, and robust API that enables device applications to Nucleus. It has also been deployed by some of the access DRM engine functionality.leading device manufacturers worldwide.

Content protection/quality/assessment in digital era

V-4 V-5

SERVICE & CONTENT PROTECTION Conditional Access (CA) technology has been FOR MOBILE TELEVISION successful at securing the revenue streams of

content providers for many years in the traditional IntroductionPay-TV industry (terrestrial, cable or satellite). A In general, mobile media networks need to provide CA system aims at enabling access to a service for sufficient capacity for live audio and video streams, paying viewers only. Content can be purchased in at a quality suitable for Personal Digital Assistant packages, a la carte or on a Pay Per View (PPV) basis.(PDA) type devices. Users expect a downstream

data rate of approximately 200 400 kb/s, rather Standardsthan the 64 kb/s that mobile phones currently Broadcasting Technologyprovide. The two most popular industry standards in the Television-style (non-broadcast) content has been mobile broadcasting field are:available to mobile phone users since early-2005 via · Digital Mobile Broadcasting (T-DMB & S-2.5G and 3G networks. Although these mobile DMB)networks are optimised for the point-to-point

DMB is a video and audio broadcasting delivery of content, they are not suitable for the technology that provides broadcasting services mass distribution of the same content, because to portable devices and mobile phones via each mobile receiver must be provided with its own terrestrial transmitters (T-DMB). It is based on receive bandwidth. In a situation where many users the Eureka 147 Digital Audio Broadcasting try to simultaneously consume the same data at the (DAB) standard (also known as ITU-R Digital same location, a provider could run out of System A). T-DMB adds video support and text bandwidth. In a Universal Mobile Telecomm-broadcasting to the DAB standard.unications System (UMTS) cell for example, the

maximum data rate for all users combined is Satellite DMB (S-DMB) is based on the ITU-R approximately 2 Mb/s. This means that a cell's Digital System E technical specification. It uses serving capacity is exhausted when more than 31 a satellite, together with terrestrial repeaters, to services at 64 kb/s, or 15 services at 128 kb/s, or 7 achieve wide-area coverage for mobile TV. services at 256 kb/s are simultaneously demanded. · Digital Video Broadcasting Handhelds New mobile broadcasting technologies, on the (DVB-H)other hand, provide solutions to alleviate these DVB-H is a global standard based on the DVB-bandwidth restrictions on content delivery. It is T (Terrestrial) broadcasting standard, with an now possible to broadcast real-time TV content to extension to provide support for mobile mobile devices through a separate and dedicated devices. It delivers content in broadcast mode network. Transmission technologies have been using IP Datacasting (IPDC). DVB-T specifically designed to ensure quality and reliability, frequencies (VHF and UHF TV) are used for while addressing issues such as mobility and the this service. limited battery life of mobile devices. Among these

A major challenge today is the availability of new mobile broadcasting technologies currently spectrum. T-DMB networks can be deployed on available, DVB-H is forecast to be the dominant frequencies reserved for Digital Audio one.Broadcasting (DAB) services. For DVB-H

Regardless of the network technology employed, networks, there is a very complex situation where, in Mobile Broadcasting Services or Mobile TV many countries, spectrum earmarked for DVB-H promises new revenue opportunities. These services has to first be cleared of existing services services however, require a more robust and e.g. analogue TV, before DVB-H services can be sophisticated content protection system than for launched. This may delay the “roll-out” of DVB-H DRM because of the “one-to-many” nature of and give T-DMB networks an advantage. broadcasting.

Service & Content Protection for DVB-H

The DVB ad hoc group Convergence of Broadcast · OSF provides the ability to replace the secure and Mobile Services (CBMS), defines the components of the device if the system is specifications for the delivery of IP-based services successfully attacked (in the form of either a over DVB-H networks. It specifies coding formats, downloadable replacement applet, or a Electronic Service Guide (ESG) creation, multicast replacement SIM card). This is less expensive file delivery and service purchase & protection. than replacing the whole handset (for 18Crypt).

There are currently two approaches to securing · OSF offers flexibility and differentiation. The DVB mobile broadcasting services. Both are part OSF model allows regionalisation of Key of the ETSI TS 102 474 v1.1.1 specification (also Management System (KMS) implementations referred as the DVB Bluebook A100, Dec. 2005). and it supports customisable business models.

· Open Security Framework (OSF) · It is more widely supported by operators, This standard is based on Conditional Access broadcasters and the device manufacturers. technology and is tailored for mobile Content providers are familiar and comfortable environments. It uses a secure hardware client with CA technology. Obtaining premium component, which can be the mobile operator's content is easier for CA-based operators, (U)SIM card. compared to DRM-based broadcasting

deployments.· 18CryptThis standard is based on OMA DRM 2.0 with · OSF offers the possibility to SimulCrypt. This extensions to support broadcasting. It is purely technique allows different operators the a device software based solution. freedom to select different CA systems for a

common broadcasting platform. SimulCrypt Irdeto believes that the OSF approach is superior allows Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) in for the following reasons:this situation to deploy their own CA system,

· It provides robust security as a result of the without having to share this core component

features built into its Java SIM platforms. It is a with their competitors.

proven approach and implements the security techniques developed in combating piracy in Pay-TV applications. The OSF solution is ported onto a (U)SIM to carry the secur i ty applet . The (U)SIM is owned and controlled by the mobile operator, ensuring that his r e v e n u e s t r e a m i s protected.

· It provides a single entity that is responsible for Conditional Access Technology for Mobilesystem security. This entity will investigate

The basis of a CA system relies on the digital piracy attacks and restore system security in the

television stream being scrambled with a secret key. event that a breach occurs. In 18Crypt (and in

The secret key is then protected and transmitted OMA DRM in general), the response to a

along with the scrambled signal. In the receiver, the security breach is to revoke the entire

secret key is retrieved only if the user's access-population of devices in which a security breach

granting criteria are met. This method is a secure occurs; this is commercially infeasible once a

and proven technology, as it has been deployed and large number of devices has been deployed.

MU LTIPLEXER

DE-M ULTIPLEXER

SIM / SM D

CW RECOVERYSYSTEM

CALL CEN TREAGEN T

SCRAM BLER

ENCRYPTIONSYSTEM

PERSONALIZATIONSYSTEM

SUBSCRIBERAUTHORISATIONSYSTEM ( SA S)

ECM SEM M S

SM A RT CA RDSIMSM D

ECM SEM M S

M OBILE DEVICE

DE-SCRAM BLER

V-4 V-5

SERVICE & CONTENT PROTECTION Conditional Access (CA) technology has been FOR MOBILE TELEVISION successful at securing the revenue streams of

content providers for many years in the traditional IntroductionPay-TV industry (terrestrial, cable or satellite). A In general, mobile media networks need to provide CA system aims at enabling access to a service for sufficient capacity for live audio and video streams, paying viewers only. Content can be purchased in at a quality suitable for Personal Digital Assistant packages, a la carte or on a Pay Per View (PPV) basis.(PDA) type devices. Users expect a downstream

data rate of approximately 200 400 kb/s, rather Standardsthan the 64 kb/s that mobile phones currently Broadcasting Technologyprovide. The two most popular industry standards in the Television-style (non-broadcast) content has been mobile broadcasting field are:available to mobile phone users since early-2005 via · Digital Mobile Broadcasting (T-DMB & S-2.5G and 3G networks. Although these mobile DMB)networks are optimised for the point-to-point

DMB is a video and audio broadcasting delivery of content, they are not suitable for the technology that provides broadcasting services mass distribution of the same content, because to portable devices and mobile phones via each mobile receiver must be provided with its own terrestrial transmitters (T-DMB). It is based on receive bandwidth. In a situation where many users the Eureka 147 Digital Audio Broadcasting try to simultaneously consume the same data at the (DAB) standard (also known as ITU-R Digital same location, a provider could run out of System A). T-DMB adds video support and text bandwidth. In a Universal Mobile Telecomm-broadcasting to the DAB standard.unications System (UMTS) cell for example, the

maximum data rate for all users combined is Satellite DMB (S-DMB) is based on the ITU-R approximately 2 Mb/s. This means that a cell's Digital System E technical specification. It uses serving capacity is exhausted when more than 31 a satellite, together with terrestrial repeaters, to services at 64 kb/s, or 15 services at 128 kb/s, or 7 achieve wide-area coverage for mobile TV. services at 256 kb/s are simultaneously demanded. · Digital Video Broadcasting Handhelds New mobile broadcasting technologies, on the (DVB-H)other hand, provide solutions to alleviate these DVB-H is a global standard based on the DVB-bandwidth restrictions on content delivery. It is T (Terrestrial) broadcasting standard, with an now possible to broadcast real-time TV content to extension to provide support for mobile mobile devices through a separate and dedicated devices. It delivers content in broadcast mode network. Transmission technologies have been using IP Datacasting (IPDC). DVB-T specifically designed to ensure quality and reliability, frequencies (VHF and UHF TV) are used for while addressing issues such as mobility and the this service. limited battery life of mobile devices. Among these

A major challenge today is the availability of new mobile broadcasting technologies currently spectrum. T-DMB networks can be deployed on available, DVB-H is forecast to be the dominant frequencies reserved for Digital Audio one.Broadcasting (DAB) services. For DVB-H

Regardless of the network technology employed, networks, there is a very complex situation where, in Mobile Broadcasting Services or Mobile TV many countries, spectrum earmarked for DVB-H promises new revenue opportunities. These services has to first be cleared of existing services services however, require a more robust and e.g. analogue TV, before DVB-H services can be sophisticated content protection system than for launched. This may delay the “roll-out” of DVB-H DRM because of the “one-to-many” nature of and give T-DMB networks an advantage. broadcasting.

Service & Content Protection for DVB-H

The DVB ad hoc group Convergence of Broadcast · OSF provides the ability to replace the secure and Mobile Services (CBMS), defines the components of the device if the system is specifications for the delivery of IP-based services successfully attacked (in the form of either a over DVB-H networks. It specifies coding formats, downloadable replacement applet, or a Electronic Service Guide (ESG) creation, multicast replacement SIM card). This is less expensive file delivery and service purchase & protection. than replacing the whole handset (for 18Crypt).

There are currently two approaches to securing · OSF offers flexibility and differentiation. The DVB mobile broadcasting services. Both are part OSF model allows regionalisation of Key of the ETSI TS 102 474 v1.1.1 specification (also Management System (KMS) implementations referred as the DVB Bluebook A100, Dec. 2005). and it supports customisable business models.

· Open Security Framework (OSF) · It is more widely supported by operators, This standard is based on Conditional Access broadcasters and the device manufacturers. technology and is tailored for mobile Content providers are familiar and comfortable environments. It uses a secure hardware client with CA technology. Obtaining premium component, which can be the mobile operator's content is easier for CA-based operators, (U)SIM card. compared to DRM-based broadcasting

deployments.· 18CryptThis standard is based on OMA DRM 2.0 with · OSF offers the possibility to SimulCrypt. This extensions to support broadcasting. It is purely technique allows different operators the a device software based solution. freedom to select different CA systems for a

common broadcasting platform. SimulCrypt Irdeto believes that the OSF approach is superior allows Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) in for the following reasons:this situation to deploy their own CA system,

· It provides robust security as a result of the without having to share this core component

features built into its Java SIM platforms. It is a with their competitors.

proven approach and implements the security techniques developed in combating piracy in Pay-TV applications. The OSF solution is ported onto a (U)SIM to carry the secur i ty applet . The (U)SIM is owned and controlled by the mobile operator, ensuring that his r e v e n u e s t r e a m i s protected.

· It provides a single entity that is responsible for Conditional Access Technology for Mobilesystem security. This entity will investigate

The basis of a CA system relies on the digital piracy attacks and restore system security in the

television stream being scrambled with a secret key. event that a breach occurs. In 18Crypt (and in

The secret key is then protected and transmitted OMA DRM in general), the response to a

along with the scrambled signal. In the receiver, the security breach is to revoke the entire

secret key is retrieved only if the user's access-population of devices in which a security breach

granting criteria are met. This method is a secure occurs; this is commercially infeasible once a

and proven technology, as it has been deployed and large number of devices has been deployed.

MU LTIPLEXER

DE-M ULTIPLEXER

SIM / SM D

CW RECOVERYSYSTEM

CALL CEN TREAGEN T

SCRAM BLER

ENCRYPTIONSYSTEM

PERSONALIZATIONSYSTEM

SUBSCRIBERAUTHORISATIONSYSTEM ( SA S)

ECM SEM M S

SM A RT CA RDSIMSM D

ECM SEM M S

M OBILE DEVICE

DE-SCRAM BLER

V-6 V-7

refined in Pay-TV CA systems for many years. The (U)SIM can be used (as an alternative to a separate CA system offers a broad range of subscription SMD). models to meet operators' requirements and The (U)SIM is a tamper-resistant device that business models. provides all security related processing. It offers the The diagram below shows how the CA system following benefits to operators:elements are integrated into a typical mobile · A high degree of control over access to the broadcasting chain: mobile broadcast services. The mobile operator The CA system provides control of access to the retains full ownership of his subscriber base.mobile broadcasting service. It interfaces with · An easy-to-manage customer relationship. subscriber management and service management Customer manag ement and ser v ice systems. It also provides encryption keys to the provisioning can be provided by the Over The scramblers, enabling the scrambling of content Air (OTA) server. In addition, security prior to its play-out as a broadcast stream. Irdeto upgrades can be managed without swapping has developed and patented CA system techniques terminals or causing customer inconvenience.that not only reduce bandwidth consumption but

· Shorter handset integration times.also improve security integrity, while managing Typical Head-end Architecturesseveral million mobile subscribers.

The following diagram provides a conceptual DVB-Hoverview of the scrambling and descrambling process:

Content is conveyed to the end-user via the The live TV content is first encoded in H.264/AAC

network, after scrambling at the head-end. The format. It is then scrambled by using the

keys used to scramble the content (Control Words) ISMACryp scrambling algorithm. The scrambled

are encrypted and embedded within the transmitted content and the encrypted messages (ECMs and

stream in the form of Entitlement Control EMMs) are encapsulated into MPEG-2 transport

Messages (ECMs). Encrypted end-user packets by the IP Encapsulator before transmission

authorisations (entitlements) are conveyed to the over the DVB-H network.

device in the form of Entitlement Management In the receiver, all security-related computations are Messages (EMMs). These EMMs can be conveyed performed by the Irdeto applet running in the to the end-user either in-band (IB) in the DVB-H multi-application Java (U)SIM card. For devices signal, or out-of-band (OOB) SMSs (Short Message that do not support a (U)SIM (e.g. CDMA phones, Services) via the 3G/GSM network.PDAs or Portable Multimedia Players), Irdeto can

The use of a secure hardware client component is supply a dedicated Surface Mount Device (SMD) to

critical to achieve a high level of security in the phone manufacturers. Irdeto's solution does not

client. In a typical situation, the mobile operator's require return path support in the device.

T-DMB

The broadcast content, in MPEG-2 Single Programme Transport Stream (SPST) format, is first scrambled (AES algorithm) and is then applied via the Stream channel to the DAB Ensemble multiplexer. The DAB frames are then transmitted over the T-DMB network.

PIsys has been engineered to be configurable, maintained and monitored with just a few easy-to-use screens. Internal diagnostics and on-screen problem detection simplify its operation. A typical Pisys Monitoring Console screenshot is shown below:

Irdeto's Experience in Mobile TV

In 2003, Irdeto signed the world's first mobile CA contract with SK Telecom of Korea (later re-organised as TU Media). It introduced the S-DMB system for broadcasting video, audio and data to various types of mobile receivers (mobile phones, portable receivers, PDAs and in-car devices), supplied by leading manufacturers (Motorola, Samsung, LG, etc.). TU Media currently offers 15 TV channels and 19 radio channels to more than 40 different types of S-DMB receivers. This is currently the largest mobile broadcasting operation worldwide, with more than 750,000 subscribers (September 2006) since its commercial launch in

S-DMB May 2005. The broadcast content is first encoded into Irdeto has since invested significantly in research, H.264/AAC format. Two 256 kb/s streams are development and acquisitions in the mobile content produced by the encoder. Each feeds a separate protection field. The mobile CA solution for S-scrambler (CSA algorithm). The scrambled DMB has been further enhanced and CA solutions outputs are then multiplexed before being have also been developed and implemented for T-transmitted over the S-DMB network. DMB and DVB-H. Examples of recent Irdeto Irdeto PIsys CA System Mobile CA deployments are:

PIsys is a modular CA system that supports · T-DMBmedium to large Pay-TV access control debitel (Germany); since its commercial launch requirements. It provides the basis for in May 2006, an Irdeto CA solution has been implementing a wide variety of business models for protecting content for this operation, offering 4 operators of broadcast, IP or mobile networks. TV channels and 2 DAB radio channels. Please

V-6 V-7

refined in Pay-TV CA systems for many years. The (U)SIM can be used (as an alternative to a separate CA system offers a broad range of subscription SMD). models to meet operators' requirements and The (U)SIM is a tamper-resistant device that business models. provides all security related processing. It offers the The diagram below shows how the CA system following benefits to operators:elements are integrated into a typical mobile · A high degree of control over access to the broadcasting chain: mobile broadcast services. The mobile operator The CA system provides control of access to the retains full ownership of his subscriber base.mobile broadcasting service. It interfaces with · An easy-to-manage customer relationship. subscriber management and service management Customer manag ement and ser v ice systems. It also provides encryption keys to the provisioning can be provided by the Over The scramblers, enabling the scrambling of content Air (OTA) server. In addition, security prior to its play-out as a broadcast stream. Irdeto upgrades can be managed without swapping has developed and patented CA system techniques terminals or causing customer inconvenience.that not only reduce bandwidth consumption but

· Shorter handset integration times.also improve security integrity, while managing Typical Head-end Architecturesseveral million mobile subscribers.

The following diagram provides a conceptual DVB-Hoverview of the scrambling and descrambling process:

Content is conveyed to the end-user via the The live TV content is first encoded in H.264/AAC

network, after scrambling at the head-end. The format. It is then scrambled by using the

keys used to scramble the content (Control Words) ISMACryp scrambling algorithm. The scrambled

are encrypted and embedded within the transmitted content and the encrypted messages (ECMs and

stream in the form of Entitlement Control EMMs) are encapsulated into MPEG-2 transport

Messages (ECMs). Encrypted end-user packets by the IP Encapsulator before transmission

authorisations (entitlements) are conveyed to the over the DVB-H network.

device in the form of Entitlement Management In the receiver, all security-related computations are Messages (EMMs). These EMMs can be conveyed performed by the Irdeto applet running in the to the end-user either in-band (IB) in the DVB-H multi-application Java (U)SIM card. For devices signal, or out-of-band (OOB) SMSs (Short Message that do not support a (U)SIM (e.g. CDMA phones, Services) via the 3G/GSM network.PDAs or Portable Multimedia Players), Irdeto can

The use of a secure hardware client component is supply a dedicated Surface Mount Device (SMD) to

critical to achieve a high level of security in the phone manufacturers. Irdeto's solution does not

client. In a typical situation, the mobile operator's require return path support in the device.

T-DMB

The broadcast content, in MPEG-2 Single Programme Transport Stream (SPST) format, is first scrambled (AES algorithm) and is then applied via the Stream channel to the DAB Ensemble multiplexer. The DAB frames are then transmitted over the T-DMB network.

PIsys has been engineered to be configurable, maintained and monitored with just a few easy-to-use screens. Internal diagnostics and on-screen problem detection simplify its operation. A typical Pisys Monitoring Console screenshot is shown below:

Irdeto's Experience in Mobile TV

In 2003, Irdeto signed the world's first mobile CA contract with SK Telecom of Korea (later re-organised as TU Media). It introduced the S-DMB system for broadcasting video, audio and data to various types of mobile receivers (mobile phones, portable receivers, PDAs and in-car devices), supplied by leading manufacturers (Motorola, Samsung, LG, etc.). TU Media currently offers 15 TV channels and 19 radio channels to more than 40 different types of S-DMB receivers. This is currently the largest mobile broadcasting operation worldwide, with more than 750,000 subscribers (September 2006) since its commercial launch in

S-DMB May 2005. The broadcast content is first encoded into Irdeto has since invested significantly in research, H.264/AAC format. Two 256 kb/s streams are development and acquisitions in the mobile content produced by the encoder. Each feeds a separate protection field. The mobile CA solution for S-scrambler (CSA algorithm). The scrambled DMB has been further enhanced and CA solutions outputs are then multiplexed before being have also been developed and implemented for T-transmitted over the S-DMB network. DMB and DVB-H. Examples of recent Irdeto Irdeto PIsys CA System Mobile CA deployments are:

PIsys is a modular CA system that supports · T-DMBmedium to large Pay-TV access control debitel (Germany); since its commercial launch requirements. It provides the basis for in May 2006, an Irdeto CA solution has been implementing a wide variety of business models for protecting content for this operation, offering 4 operators of broadcast, IP or mobile networks. TV channels and 2 DAB radio channels. Please

V-8

refer to the press release link below for further In summary, the benefits Irdeto offers its customers details: are:

www.irdeto.com/page.php?page_id=9&press · Peace of mind _id=52 Our CA/DRM content protection solutions are

· DVB-H based on our field-proven security technology MultiChoice (South Africa). Please refer to the and processes. Only paying subscribers receive press release link below for further details: access to content, while on-going security

upgrades ensure that piracy attempts are www.irdeto.com/page.php?page_id=9&press_id=stopped before they affect revenues.62

· Enhanced revenuesConclusionIrdeto is the key that opens the door to

This paper has provided an overview of the security enhanced content. Content providers know

characteristics of typical mobile multimedia and trust the Irdeto name, allowing Irdeto-

operations. Service and Content protection aligned operators to gain early access to

systems are key enablers for delivering new revenue revenue-generating premium content.

streams for mobile operators. Different business · Reduced costsmodels and the nature of the content to be

distributed, will dictate whether a DRM or a CA Our CA/DRM security solutions mean lower system is to be deployed for a given content deployment costs and a quicker time to market protection situation. through the use of simple interfaces and pre-

integration with leading industry vendors. Our secure technical solutions, coupled with our Efficient use of CA/DRM system bandwidth on-going security support, ensure that each Irdeto yields additional savings. operator is able to meet his business goals in the

most effective manner. For further details on Irdeto's products and ser v ices, p lease v i s i t our webs i te a t : http://www.irdeto.com.

ABOUT THE SPEAKER

Norman Lievaart is a technical consultant at Irdeto Access, where he provides support to the pre-sales operation. Prior to working for various companies in the Naspers group, he worked as a technical specialist in the field of broadcast transmission engineering. He is a registered professional engineer and also holds a business management diploma.

V-9

Media asset management/digital archive

Abstract

This article presents an overview on what is a Media Asset Management System and why broadcasters are looking for such a system. The main reason for such a system arises from the need of keeping library materials in a centralized location and be able to browse/pre-view the library materials via a network. Another key point is to enable the broadcasters to re-produce and re-purpose the library materials. A small system is explained in order to illustrate the key elements in the MAM system.

Mr. PH. CheungSony, Hongkong

V-8

refer to the press release link below for further In summary, the benefits Irdeto offers its customers details: are:

www.irdeto.com/page.php?page_id=9&press · Peace of mind _id=52 Our CA/DRM content protection solutions are

· DVB-H based on our field-proven security technology MultiChoice (South Africa). Please refer to the and processes. Only paying subscribers receive press release link below for further details: access to content, while on-going security

upgrades ensure that piracy attempts are www.irdeto.com/page.php?page_id=9&press_id=stopped before they affect revenues.62

· Enhanced revenuesConclusionIrdeto is the key that opens the door to

This paper has provided an overview of the security enhanced content. Content providers know

characteristics of typical mobile multimedia and trust the Irdeto name, allowing Irdeto-

operations. Service and Content protection aligned operators to gain early access to

systems are key enablers for delivering new revenue revenue-generating premium content.

streams for mobile operators. Different business · Reduced costsmodels and the nature of the content to be

distributed, will dictate whether a DRM or a CA Our CA/DRM security solutions mean lower system is to be deployed for a given content deployment costs and a quicker time to market protection situation. through the use of simple interfaces and pre-

integration with leading industry vendors. Our secure technical solutions, coupled with our Efficient use of CA/DRM system bandwidth on-going security support, ensure that each Irdeto yields additional savings. operator is able to meet his business goals in the

most effective manner. For further details on Irdeto's products and ser v ices, p lease v i s i t our webs i te a t : http://www.irdeto.com.

ABOUT THE SPEAKER

Norman Lievaart is a technical consultant at Irdeto Access, where he provides support to the pre-sales operation. Prior to working for various companies in the Naspers group, he worked as a technical specialist in the field of broadcast transmission engineering. He is a registered professional engineer and also holds a business management diploma.

V-9

Media asset management/digital archive

Abstract

This article presents an overview on what is a Media Asset Management System and why broadcasters are looking for such a system. The main reason for such a system arises from the need of keeping library materials in a centralized location and be able to browse/pre-view the library materials via a network. Another key point is to enable the broadcasters to re-produce and re-purpose the library materials. A small system is explained in order to illustrate the key elements in the MAM system.

Mr. PH. CheungSony, Hongkong

V-11V-10

Media Asset Management (MAM) is an end-to- 100% software based and should be able to run on end product for the management of any type of any computer network.digital media and the delivery of content on MAM should be able to track the usage and multiple platforms in real time. MAM system location of any asset. Assets can be searched by any should allow the broadcasters to maximize the specified category of metadata, including the asset revenue generated by the asset, i.e. the ability to format, description, keywords or unique ID. In “reproduce” or “repurpose” the archived contents. order to allow easy system expandability the facility MAM answers complex, yet common business to add new customized categories of metadata problems that we are facing and can be integrated which can also be instantly searched must also be with existing systems and scaled for the following provided. These customized keypads should also be industry fields: mapped to other metadata standards enabling the

end user to conform to certain standards without Broadcastinglimiting the data that will be stored. MAM must Telecommunicationssupport natively all the contents of the SMPTE News gathering agenciesdictionary plus any extension. Corporate content managementMAM should provide automated ingestion and Multimedia librariesencoding process should enable specific content Electronic commerce of contentfrom a multitude of different sources (including Picture and Image agenciesVTR, live satellite feeds, terrestrial transmissions, Marketing and Advertising agenciesstudios, editing suites, VTR, etc.) to be digitized in Printing and Publishingthe any format and entered directly in to the main database without user intervention. As assets are ingested, they will appear in real time in the system interface, enabling the fast access and transfer of video assets around the world using the Internet or satellite.

MAM should be able to store video and audio material over long periods of time.

MAM should be able to restore old/aged and damaged tape-tracking tapes.

A.1 Why broadcasters need MAMMAM manages, ingests, manipulates and trades the Main business driver for television broadcasters to contents of digital archives centrally and it can take install MAM systems at their stations is to preserve care of on-air transmission, if needed. aging videotapes and in some cases, film. Video MAM should employ proven database platforms in tapes, aged more than fifteen years or so, require order to provide a stable and secure system for the special care and attention to retain good quality access of any asset and related metadata inside the video image. The only way to preserve the decaying MAM. video material for longer periods is to restore it to

latest digital videotape formats. Secondly, direct MAM system must be able to be scaled to any level, access to the archive material using search and from small in-house asset management systems, to browse features help improve productivity at globally distributed sites with the ability to trade, television network stations.track and ingest new assets. The solution should be

Key features of a MAM for broadcasters: Windows XP

Integrated MAMS system with already installed Windows 2003 serverserver based system; Microsoft SQL 2005 Frame accurate video ingest to MPEG-2 and The system should also use IP standard protocols MPEG-4 standards; and must include the compatibility with the Restoring and preserving deteriorating video upcoming Windows Vista.quality (of Video tape) ;

A.3 The Storage Support for storing, i.e. archiving, large MPEG files There are two main types of storages:on to Disks, Tapes or Optical Discs.

A.3.1 Video Systems Easily identifiable labels for tapes using Catalogue Video systems today allow broadcasters to do more with Unique Mat. IDs; that just record and playback video/audio; but also

allow the users to edit, use and re-use the video material and associated metadata. One such system is the Sony Sonaps, a scalable modular system with components such as video server, software to manage the material, a video editing system and a news editor to name a few. These components make programme production faster and better while providing a system enabling the reuse of material thereby reducing costs.

A.3.2 ArchiveAn Archive Storage provides services and functions for long term data storage. Most archive storage

Improved material administration and operations systems support hierarchical system model (HSM), for storage, retrieval and transfer recommended by IEEE, as it is more economical to

use. Despite all advances in hard disk and CD Be able to incorporate latest search engine media, tape is still the cheapest media. It is technologies such as advanced video material important for this entity to support “Exercising” searching using audio-to-text and picture-and “Refreshing” functions. Though, some of the recognition;latest storage tapes, such as SONY SAIT tapes, do To accommodate customer specific features to not require direct 'refreshing' of data, many old tape migrate old material to new formatsmedia require these functions. The refreshing and

MAM systems allow the users to upload, store, exercising functions help retain analogue and digital catalog and manage the broadcaster's digital assets data on tapes for longer periods of time.for use and reuse. Companies use digital asset

An archive is a large data storage system accessible management to protect their assets, increase through high-speed network connections. In digital efficiency, reduce costs and maximize revenue. content management systems, these systems MAM uses database technologies to provide typically store video assets as compressed video customers with ways to quickly search and access files.video assets.In the broadcast operations, “Archive” is one of the A.2 IT technologiescommon and hot issues. In term of recording The system must be based on common and media, there are ways to solve the issue, like optical standard IT technologies in order to reduce the cost disc, hard disk, digital VTR, data tape, and so forth.of ownership and easy expansion in the future. The

most preferred OS is to use Microsoft products like: The Archive should be based on standard IT technologies and should be file-based.

Media asset management/digital archive

V-11V-10

Media Asset Management (MAM) is an end-to- 100% software based and should be able to run on end product for the management of any type of any computer network.digital media and the delivery of content on MAM should be able to track the usage and multiple platforms in real time. MAM system location of any asset. Assets can be searched by any should allow the broadcasters to maximize the specified category of metadata, including the asset revenue generated by the asset, i.e. the ability to format, description, keywords or unique ID. In “reproduce” or “repurpose” the archived contents. order to allow easy system expandability the facility MAM answers complex, yet common business to add new customized categories of metadata problems that we are facing and can be integrated which can also be instantly searched must also be with existing systems and scaled for the following provided. These customized keypads should also be industry fields: mapped to other metadata standards enabling the

end user to conform to certain standards without Broadcastinglimiting the data that will be stored. MAM must Telecommunicationssupport natively all the contents of the SMPTE News gathering agenciesdictionary plus any extension. Corporate content managementMAM should provide automated ingestion and Multimedia librariesencoding process should enable specific content Electronic commerce of contentfrom a multitude of different sources (including Picture and Image agenciesVTR, live satellite feeds, terrestrial transmissions, Marketing and Advertising agenciesstudios, editing suites, VTR, etc.) to be digitized in Printing and Publishingthe any format and entered directly in to the main database without user intervention. As assets are ingested, they will appear in real time in the system interface, enabling the fast access and transfer of video assets around the world using the Internet or satellite.

MAM should be able to store video and audio material over long periods of time.

MAM should be able to restore old/aged and damaged tape-tracking tapes.

A.1 Why broadcasters need MAMMAM manages, ingests, manipulates and trades the Main business driver for television broadcasters to contents of digital archives centrally and it can take install MAM systems at their stations is to preserve care of on-air transmission, if needed. aging videotapes and in some cases, film. Video MAM should employ proven database platforms in tapes, aged more than fifteen years or so, require order to provide a stable and secure system for the special care and attention to retain good quality access of any asset and related metadata inside the video image. The only way to preserve the decaying MAM. video material for longer periods is to restore it to

latest digital videotape formats. Secondly, direct MAM system must be able to be scaled to any level, access to the archive material using search and from small in-house asset management systems, to browse features help improve productivity at globally distributed sites with the ability to trade, television network stations.track and ingest new assets. The solution should be

Key features of a MAM for broadcasters: Windows XP

Integrated MAMS system with already installed Windows 2003 serverserver based system; Microsoft SQL 2005 Frame accurate video ingest to MPEG-2 and The system should also use IP standard protocols MPEG-4 standards; and must include the compatibility with the Restoring and preserving deteriorating video upcoming Windows Vista.quality (of Video tape) ;

A.3 The Storage Support for storing, i.e. archiving, large MPEG files There are two main types of storages:on to Disks, Tapes or Optical Discs.

A.3.1 Video Systems Easily identifiable labels for tapes using Catalogue Video systems today allow broadcasters to do more with Unique Mat. IDs; that just record and playback video/audio; but also

allow the users to edit, use and re-use the video material and associated metadata. One such system is the Sony Sonaps, a scalable modular system with components such as video server, software to manage the material, a video editing system and a news editor to name a few. These components make programme production faster and better while providing a system enabling the reuse of material thereby reducing costs.

A.3.2 ArchiveAn Archive Storage provides services and functions for long term data storage. Most archive storage

Improved material administration and operations systems support hierarchical system model (HSM), for storage, retrieval and transfer recommended by IEEE, as it is more economical to

use. Despite all advances in hard disk and CD Be able to incorporate latest search engine media, tape is still the cheapest media. It is technologies such as advanced video material important for this entity to support “Exercising” searching using audio-to-text and picture-and “Refreshing” functions. Though, some of the recognition;latest storage tapes, such as SONY SAIT tapes, do To accommodate customer specific features to not require direct 'refreshing' of data, many old tape migrate old material to new formatsmedia require these functions. The refreshing and

MAM systems allow the users to upload, store, exercising functions help retain analogue and digital catalog and manage the broadcaster's digital assets data on tapes for longer periods of time.for use and reuse. Companies use digital asset

An archive is a large data storage system accessible management to protect their assets, increase through high-speed network connections. In digital efficiency, reduce costs and maximize revenue. content management systems, these systems MAM uses database technologies to provide typically store video assets as compressed video customers with ways to quickly search and access files.video assets.In the broadcast operations, “Archive” is one of the A.2 IT technologiescommon and hot issues. In term of recording The system must be based on common and media, there are ways to solve the issue, like optical standard IT technologies in order to reduce the cost disc, hard disk, digital VTR, data tape, and so forth.of ownership and easy expansion in the future. The

most preferred OS is to use Microsoft products like: The Archive should be based on standard IT technologies and should be file-based.

Media asset management/digital archive

V-12 V-13

The Benefits of having a networked storage are: heart of all the project and they will remain for the future and they will be the real value of the project.1. Material is preserved because they are kept as a

file, no multi-generations signal degradation for A.4.1 Metadata dictionarySMPTE has done a very complex and interesting material dubbing.activity creating a metadata standard, or better a 2. A centralized database will be created and all Dictionary.relevant metadata can be included.Metadata elements are listed under six distinct 3. Material can easily be used. Stored materials can classes of Identification; Administration; be constantly and randomly accessed at any time by Interpretation; Parametric; Process; Relational; any user terminal connected to the network.Spacio-Temporal. Two further classes are reserved

4. Improved security. All material access will be for Organisationally Registered Metadata and one managed centrally. for Experimental use.The storage can include both hard disks and tapes These classes are further broken down under such as Sony's PetaSite and XDCAM Cart. Multi Nodes, which are again for management purposes libraries environment should be managed as a single only.entity and multi level cache management should be

Each Metadata element is listed by Name, with a included.Definition of what it is, its data type, length,

A.4 The Metadata reference to existing standards where appropriate What does generate a value on re-purposing and a unique 16 byte Key, of which the first eight contents? Metadata will be the key element for re- bytes identify the Dictionary and Version where the purposing contents. Registered metadata of metadata element first appeared. The second eight contents in archive database, such as title, bytes identify the particular metadata element.descriptions, duration, time code information,

A full explanation is contained in SMPTE Standard copyrights, etc, is the fundamental key for asset.

"Metadata Dictionary Structure" (SMPTE 335M-When archive database is opened and show a

2000). Although the SMPTE Standard may not be contents list with metadata through internet to

able to address the broadcaster's requirements but it contents users, metadata will give necessary

is a good starting point. The use of SMPTE information to users and protect copyrights and

standard will allow us to follow any possible future income of contents providers.

changes of the metadata.Furthermore, metadata exchanging has to be

A.4.2 Metadata insertconsidered. Since contents can be exchanged A standard catalog schema must be one of the goals between many kinds of applications, such as for the MAM system. A standard catalog schema newsroom computer, transmission automation, will avoid different cataloguing when different DVD authoring system and so on, metadata should operators create the metadata for the same asset.be designed to be exchangeable.

MAM system must force the user to use a pre-MetaData management Descriptive information defined set of metadata for each scenario. This is and low-resolution images of ingest (source) normally achieved by using a predefined set of material and database scheme are supported within keywords for each scenario. Also the use of a this entity. End-users can ask queries from this reference to a people database instead of writing the entity and access the proxy and archive material data must be enforced. This will allow a uniform with unique identifiers. Each information object in catalogue set.OAIS has reference (unique Identifiers), context,

A.4.3 Metadata exchangeprovenance (source details) and fixity (guard against Exchange of metadata is an endless story. If all the alterations) information. This information helps subsystems use the SMPTE standard it's easy, but building a sound database for each archive material when you go on proprietary interfaces, you must over long period of time. Metadata IDs are the

The low-res copies are kept in the disk array, while the hi-res is stored in the SAIT tapes and the tapes are kept on the shelf.

B.2 PetaSite archiveThis diagram shows a system where all the video is stored on a PetaSite library

B.3 XDCAM Cart archiveIn this example an XDCAM Cart is used as the archive device.

C. The Workflow for the small SAIT archive

C.1 Ingest

have a Metadata map system. This is to allow the Accepts requests for submitting archive material mapping of the structure with the proprietary and schedules the archive task together with proxy metadata fields and vice versa. This flexible material and Metadata (descriptive) information. It

is also responsible for quality assurance.

C.1.1 FTP based ingestconversion filter will also interface with the external The ftp based ingest is used with e-VTR and world.XDCAM to acquire video in MXF format natively.

B. Working examples/Systems MXF files at selectable data rate from 4Mbps to B.1 SAIT archive 50Mbps with both 4:2:0 or 4:2:2 formats. During This diagram shows an example of a small MAM the ingest metadata can be inserted.System based on SAIT technology to store video.

V-12 V-13

The Benefits of having a networked storage are: heart of all the project and they will remain for the future and they will be the real value of the project.1. Material is preserved because they are kept as a

file, no multi-generations signal degradation for A.4.1 Metadata dictionarySMPTE has done a very complex and interesting material dubbing.activity creating a metadata standard, or better a 2. A centralized database will be created and all Dictionary.relevant metadata can be included.Metadata elements are listed under six distinct 3. Material can easily be used. Stored materials can classes of Identification; Administration; be constantly and randomly accessed at any time by Interpretation; Parametric; Process; Relational; any user terminal connected to the network.Spacio-Temporal. Two further classes are reserved

4. Improved security. All material access will be for Organisationally Registered Metadata and one managed centrally. for Experimental use.The storage can include both hard disks and tapes These classes are further broken down under such as Sony's PetaSite and XDCAM Cart. Multi Nodes, which are again for management purposes libraries environment should be managed as a single only.entity and multi level cache management should be

Each Metadata element is listed by Name, with a included.Definition of what it is, its data type, length,

A.4 The Metadata reference to existing standards where appropriate What does generate a value on re-purposing and a unique 16 byte Key, of which the first eight contents? Metadata will be the key element for re- bytes identify the Dictionary and Version where the purposing contents. Registered metadata of metadata element first appeared. The second eight contents in archive database, such as title, bytes identify the particular metadata element.descriptions, duration, time code information,

A full explanation is contained in SMPTE Standard copyrights, etc, is the fundamental key for asset.

"Metadata Dictionary Structure" (SMPTE 335M-When archive database is opened and show a

2000). Although the SMPTE Standard may not be contents list with metadata through internet to

able to address the broadcaster's requirements but it contents users, metadata will give necessary

is a good starting point. The use of SMPTE information to users and protect copyrights and

standard will allow us to follow any possible future income of contents providers.

changes of the metadata.Furthermore, metadata exchanging has to be

A.4.2 Metadata insertconsidered. Since contents can be exchanged A standard catalog schema must be one of the goals between many kinds of applications, such as for the MAM system. A standard catalog schema newsroom computer, transmission automation, will avoid different cataloguing when different DVD authoring system and so on, metadata should operators create the metadata for the same asset.be designed to be exchangeable.

MAM system must force the user to use a pre-MetaData management Descriptive information defined set of metadata for each scenario. This is and low-resolution images of ingest (source) normally achieved by using a predefined set of material and database scheme are supported within keywords for each scenario. Also the use of a this entity. End-users can ask queries from this reference to a people database instead of writing the entity and access the proxy and archive material data must be enforced. This will allow a uniform with unique identifiers. Each information object in catalogue set.OAIS has reference (unique Identifiers), context,

A.4.3 Metadata exchangeprovenance (source details) and fixity (guard against Exchange of metadata is an endless story. If all the alterations) information. This information helps subsystems use the SMPTE standard it's easy, but building a sound database for each archive material when you go on proprietary interfaces, you must over long period of time. Metadata IDs are the

The low-res copies are kept in the disk array, while the hi-res is stored in the SAIT tapes and the tapes are kept on the shelf.

B.2 PetaSite archiveThis diagram shows a system where all the video is stored on a PetaSite library

B.3 XDCAM Cart archiveIn this example an XDCAM Cart is used as the archive device.

C. The Workflow for the small SAIT archive

C.1 Ingest

have a Metadata map system. This is to allow the Accepts requests for submitting archive material mapping of the structure with the proprietary and schedules the archive task together with proxy metadata fields and vice versa. This flexible material and Metadata (descriptive) information. It

is also responsible for quality assurance.

C.1.1 FTP based ingestconversion filter will also interface with the external The ftp based ingest is used with e-VTR and world.XDCAM to acquire video in MXF format natively.

B. Working examples/Systems MXF files at selectable data rate from 4Mbps to B.1 SAIT archive 50Mbps with both 4:2:0 or 4:2:2 formats. During This diagram shows an example of a small MAM the ingest metadata can be inserted.System based on SAIT technology to store video.

V-15V-14

C.1.2 SDI based ingest has approved a step; when and where the user SDI based ingest is used with legacy products or logged in, etc.).when noise reduction must be applied. The same

C.4 Browsingsystem should also be able to dub materials to tape. The browsing system should be based on C.1.3 Videotape library commonly available platform such as WMV The database should organize barcode and track all format. The transcoder must be designed for a the videotape library content. minimum delay of the browsing video availability.

The MAM and the browsing system must support a C.2 Insert the metadatamultiple resolution browsing system. The browsing During the ingest process the operator must Ingest video must be distributed using an advanced the Metadata. The metadata will follow a defined streaming protocol as MMS. Some browsing copies structure. Each asset type can follow a different will be produced with a superimposed copy structure. The metadata will be the keys for the protection logo.following search and retrieve functions.

C.5 Retrieve the video as tapeC.3 Follow the workflowThe video can be searched using all the metadata In Since the archive is a permanent asset of the station, the database, it can be previewed from the low-res sometimes it is necessary to have content approval.proxy system. Once it's selected it can be copied on

A workflow, using ETERE as an example, can be to a tape or downloaded with a simple click on the

attached to the Asset, so quality and content control associated icon.The download process can also

can be forced before the video can be used. Any associate an EDL to the video, and a 'censored' tape

step can be related to the office or person in charge can be created from an uncensored material.

in order to define forward and backward actions Every 'Cut only' function can be addressed , as in according to specific steps. Any step can be related the example, by ETERE, without the use of any to a possible range of actions. A list of all possible external NLE.actions is provided and let the user to choose what

to enable or disable in relation to each step. The C.6 Retrieve the video from NLEsupervisor can always obtain details of the process The video can be searched using all the metadata in history and everything is under control. (e.g.: who the database, it can be previewed from the low res

proxy system, a small playlist can be created and video and playlist can be downloaded to the local drive of the NLE

C.7 Web interfaceA web interface must be used to search and retrieve from inside an editing system, using a simple browser. From the web interface it is possible to search video segments and create a playlist. The playlist and the video must be downloaded on the editing system using standard protocols. To increase the security level the web

ABOUT THE SPEAKER

PH Cheung is currently employed by Sony Corporation of Hong Kong Ltd. as the department manager of the networked products and project management department. His main responsibilities include the sales and marketing of Sony’s Sonaps, XPRI, XDCAM Cart, PetaSite. Mr Cheung has been working in the field of TV broadcasting for more than 25 years. His working experience includes TV stations, teaching (at post secondary level), sales and marketing and system integration. Mr Cheung was the project leader for the setting up of the China Central Television facilities for the Hong Kong Return to China Ceremony in 1997; and also as the project leader for the setting up of the Host Broadcaster’s facilities for the Macau Return to China Ceremony in 1999.Mr Cheung received a MSc from the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, UK. He is a Chartered Engineer, Chartered Professional Engineer, European Engineer and Registered Professional Engineer in Hong Kong. He is also sit on the management committee of the SMPTE (HK) section.Panghung.cheung@sony.com.hkTel: (852) 2909 1111

system should base on a cluster and reside in a DMZ so that it can be safely connected to the external world.

C.8 Retrieve the video to be on airThe operator needs to prepare the schedule. A coloured icon on the schedule will appear in order to alert the operator that the required video is not in the server; and it will be downloaded from the archive. After the required material has been downloaded the icon will disappear, and the system is ready to be on air. The Etere Media Manger has a selectable window to choose how many hours or days it needs to explore before download.

C.9 Rights ManagementIn addition to the rights in the SMPTE dictionary A simple but effective subset of rights information should also be provided.

V-15V-14

C.1.2 SDI based ingest has approved a step; when and where the user SDI based ingest is used with legacy products or logged in, etc.).when noise reduction must be applied. The same

C.4 Browsingsystem should also be able to dub materials to tape. The browsing system should be based on C.1.3 Videotape library commonly available platform such as WMV The database should organize barcode and track all format. The transcoder must be designed for a the videotape library content. minimum delay of the browsing video availability.

The MAM and the browsing system must support a C.2 Insert the metadatamultiple resolution browsing system. The browsing During the ingest process the operator must Ingest video must be distributed using an advanced the Metadata. The metadata will follow a defined streaming protocol as MMS. Some browsing copies structure. Each asset type can follow a different will be produced with a superimposed copy structure. The metadata will be the keys for the protection logo.following search and retrieve functions.

C.5 Retrieve the video as tapeC.3 Follow the workflowThe video can be searched using all the metadata In Since the archive is a permanent asset of the station, the database, it can be previewed from the low-res sometimes it is necessary to have content approval.proxy system. Once it's selected it can be copied on

A workflow, using ETERE as an example, can be to a tape or downloaded with a simple click on the

attached to the Asset, so quality and content control associated icon.The download process can also

can be forced before the video can be used. Any associate an EDL to the video, and a 'censored' tape

step can be related to the office or person in charge can be created from an uncensored material.

in order to define forward and backward actions Every 'Cut only' function can be addressed , as in according to specific steps. Any step can be related the example, by ETERE, without the use of any to a possible range of actions. A list of all possible external NLE.actions is provided and let the user to choose what

to enable or disable in relation to each step. The C.6 Retrieve the video from NLEsupervisor can always obtain details of the process The video can be searched using all the metadata in history and everything is under control. (e.g.: who the database, it can be previewed from the low res

proxy system, a small playlist can be created and video and playlist can be downloaded to the local drive of the NLE

C.7 Web interfaceA web interface must be used to search and retrieve from inside an editing system, using a simple browser. From the web interface it is possible to search video segments and create a playlist. The playlist and the video must be downloaded on the editing system using standard protocols. To increase the security level the web

ABOUT THE SPEAKER

PH Cheung is currently employed by Sony Corporation of Hong Kong Ltd. as the department manager of the networked products and project management department. His main responsibilities include the sales and marketing of Sony’s Sonaps, XPRI, XDCAM Cart, PetaSite. Mr Cheung has been working in the field of TV broadcasting for more than 25 years. His working experience includes TV stations, teaching (at post secondary level), sales and marketing and system integration. Mr Cheung was the project leader for the setting up of the China Central Television facilities for the Hong Kong Return to China Ceremony in 1997; and also as the project leader for the setting up of the Host Broadcaster’s facilities for the Macau Return to China Ceremony in 1999.Mr Cheung received a MSc from the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, UK. He is a Chartered Engineer, Chartered Professional Engineer, European Engineer and Registered Professional Engineer in Hong Kong. He is also sit on the management committee of the SMPTE (HK) section.Panghung.cheung@sony.com.hkTel: (852) 2909 1111

system should base on a cluster and reside in a DMZ so that it can be safely connected to the external world.

C.8 Retrieve the video to be on airThe operator needs to prepare the schedule. A coloured icon on the schedule will appear in order to alert the operator that the required video is not in the server; and it will be downloaded from the archive. After the required material has been downloaded the icon will disappear, and the system is ready to be on air. The Etere Media Manger has a selectable window to choose how many hours or days it needs to explore before download.

C.9 Rights ManagementIn addition to the rights in the SMPTE dictionary A simple but effective subset of rights information should also be provided.

V-17

File based (tape less) Workflow/automation

Abstract

ENG succeeded because immediate playback was possible and film developing time & expense were saved. In recent years non-Linear editing has brought an extensive improvement to editing efficiency. in part due to the progress of IT Technology in storage capacity, and the dramatic improvement of CPU performance.

By replacing the digital VTR with P2 semicanductor memory it is possible to achieve a fast, efficient and rugged system that can be used in harsh environment.

Mr. Teo Gim Loo Panasonic, Singapore

V-17

File based (tape less) Workflow/automation

Abstract

ENG succeeded because immediate playback was possible and film developing time & expense were saved. In recent years non-Linear editing has brought an extensive improvement to editing efficiency. in part due to the progress of IT Technology in storage capacity, and the dramatic improvement of CPU performance.

By replacing the digital VTR with P2 semicanductor memory it is possible to achieve a fast, efficient and rugged system that can be used in harsh environment.

Mr. Teo Gim Loo Panasonic, Singapore

V-18 V-19

environmental conditions is indispensable in a 1 Introductionprofessional acquisition system. In this area, it is Television news material started from 16mm film more robust than conventional tape media, which until 1970s when Electronic News Gathering, or required protection against dust, concern over dew ENG, was first put into practical use by CBS condensation, and the like. Although the capacity Television's news gathering organization in the U.S. of memory devices is not yet fully competitive, ENG succeeded because immediate playback was memory can expect a steady doubling and doubling possible and the film developing time and expense again of capacity in only a few years. Finally, note were saved, and became ubiquitous because that while the acquisition cost of memory is compact, high quality, and lower cost equipment significantly higher (especially as compared to tape), was developed. Despite the original development the cards can be treated as an asset, and users are of ENG for newsgathering, this type of equipment establishing the P2 system as “media-less” wherein is widely used today for all types of acquisition, and there is virtually no consumable media expense. In it is clear that a many TV programs could not be addition, by using consumer SD media inside P2, realized without ENG type equipment. In recent the benefits of storage capacity expansion and cost years non-linear editing has brought an extensive reduct ion g a ined through prog ress in improvement to editing efficiency, in part due to the semiconductor technology can be obtained progress of IT technology in storage capacity, and immediately.the dramatic improvement of CPU performance

that has enabled the processing of heretofore impossibly complex tasks. However, while non-linear editors and video servers are inherently random access because of their IT technology base, acquisition - even digital acquisition remained linear. This means material, once shot, must be transferred from tape to HDD through the so-called ingest or digitizing process, and editing cannot start until the transfer from tape is complete. Users clearly want and need non-linear acquisition with fast random access to the content, and they also want the acquisition process to seamlessly interface to the IT-centric world broadcast is becoming. By replacing the digital VTR with P2 2.2 Workflow of P2 systemsemiconductor-memory it is possible to achieve a

Adopting P2 card as acquisition media solves the fast, efficient, and rugged system that can be used in problem of “non-linear” ENG, and so ENG harsh environments and is capable of managing becomes “ING” or IT News Gathering. An ING content to unify the system from acquisition to system that has P2 as its nucleus is shown in transmission. In this paper, details of the P2 media, Figure2.1.the file system, and the format of the contents of

the P2 card are described. The features or attributes of the P2 ING system are: 2 Concept of P2 system

2.1 Record media (1) The flexibility and solidity of a file-based system SD memory is now in use by more than 500 allows P2 to be edited immediately after inserted in companies in a wide variety of products has quickly NLE. The ingest-time can be shortened or even become the world's leading standard for compact, eliminated.portable, high capacity storage. The SD card excels

(2) Complete and instantaneous interoperability against the other media in areas like environmental

with NLE systems by adopting standardized MXF reliability, longevity, and access time and power

OP-Atom as the essence file format.consumpt ion . Re l i ab i l i t y under ha r sh

(3) Enhanced interoperability and extensibility with A P2 card is comprised of 6 major electronic production systems by adopting XML as the components: four SD memory cards, a P2 control descriptive metadata file format. LSI, and the external connector. The PCMCIA

assembly consists of a rigid aluminum die-cast 3 Structure of P2 card frame securely protects the 6 major parts and gives 3.1 Outline robustness and high durability.The P2 card was developed to satisfy the following

The mechanical structure of a P2 card is shown in targets:Fig. 3.1

(1) It must be able to be used in an environment of The SD Unit is a sub-assembly consisting of a severe temperature and humidity.printed-circuit board, the P2 control LSI, four SD

(2) It should be impervious to vibration and shock, memory cards, an inner connector for those SD compared with videotape cassettes and other cards, two clamping plates, and the Card Bus medias. connector. The clamping plates form a retainer (3) It should be tough enough to endure repetitive mechanism that holds the four SD memory cards use over many years. very precisely in the specially developed inner

connector so that reliable contact is maintained (4) It should have an industry standard, commonly within the P2 card even under severe accidental available PC interface.shock or vibration. In addition, a rigid aluminum

(5) Into the future, real-time recording of HDTV die-casting frame covers the SD unit. The should be guaranteed. mechanical structure described above allows P2

cards to be guaranteed to endure shock up to (6) It should be possible to transfer much faster 1500G, and vibration up to 15G.than real time from P2.

The P2 card Card Bus connector has been specially The major specifications of P2 card are shown on developed for this application. The quality of the Table 3.1.material and plating thickness of the actual contacts of the connector has been optimized for long life under repetitive use. A P2 card can reliably endure 30,000 repeated insertions and removals, so even if one does 10 cycles (insert and remove) every day, it can be repeatedly used for over eight years.

To assure 100,000 or more of rewriting cycles, the relation between logical address and physical address is shifted. In addition, the parallel operation of plural flash memory chips, the simultaneous

3.2 Mechanical structure and toughness of P2 background erasing during writing, and a control card algorithm for managing the difference in the size of In order to have a highly reliable P2 system, P2 card a write block and of an erase block, all facilitate itself must be engineered to withstand the physical high-speed writing and reading rates of 20 MB/sec wear and tear. (maximum) in each SD card, the combination has

an interface speed of 80 MB/sec or 640mbps. This may seem “over-kill” but recall that P2 has been designed to allow HD acquisition with no modification, and even in HD users will expect faster than real time transfers.

As was shown in Table 3.1, P2 cards are guaranteed to operate in the temperature range -20° to 60° C, and are able to be stored in the temperature range -40° to 80° C. This was realized by careful selection

File based (tape less) Workflow/automation

V-18 V-19

environmental conditions is indispensable in a 1 Introductionprofessional acquisition system. In this area, it is Television news material started from 16mm film more robust than conventional tape media, which until 1970s when Electronic News Gathering, or required protection against dust, concern over dew ENG, was first put into practical use by CBS condensation, and the like. Although the capacity Television's news gathering organization in the U.S. of memory devices is not yet fully competitive, ENG succeeded because immediate playback was memory can expect a steady doubling and doubling possible and the film developing time and expense again of capacity in only a few years. Finally, note were saved, and became ubiquitous because that while the acquisition cost of memory is compact, high quality, and lower cost equipment significantly higher (especially as compared to tape), was developed. Despite the original development the cards can be treated as an asset, and users are of ENG for newsgathering, this type of equipment establishing the P2 system as “media-less” wherein is widely used today for all types of acquisition, and there is virtually no consumable media expense. In it is clear that a many TV programs could not be addition, by using consumer SD media inside P2, realized without ENG type equipment. In recent the benefits of storage capacity expansion and cost years non-linear editing has brought an extensive reduct ion g a ined through prog ress in improvement to editing efficiency, in part due to the semiconductor technology can be obtained progress of IT technology in storage capacity, and immediately.the dramatic improvement of CPU performance

that has enabled the processing of heretofore impossibly complex tasks. However, while non-linear editors and video servers are inherently random access because of their IT technology base, acquisition - even digital acquisition remained linear. This means material, once shot, must be transferred from tape to HDD through the so-called ingest or digitizing process, and editing cannot start until the transfer from tape is complete. Users clearly want and need non-linear acquisition with fast random access to the content, and they also want the acquisition process to seamlessly interface to the IT-centric world broadcast is becoming. By replacing the digital VTR with P2 2.2 Workflow of P2 systemsemiconductor-memory it is possible to achieve a

Adopting P2 card as acquisition media solves the fast, efficient, and rugged system that can be used in problem of “non-linear” ENG, and so ENG harsh environments and is capable of managing becomes “ING” or IT News Gathering. An ING content to unify the system from acquisition to system that has P2 as its nucleus is shown in transmission. In this paper, details of the P2 media, Figure2.1.the file system, and the format of the contents of

the P2 card are described. The features or attributes of the P2 ING system are: 2 Concept of P2 system

2.1 Record media (1) The flexibility and solidity of a file-based system SD memory is now in use by more than 500 allows P2 to be edited immediately after inserted in companies in a wide variety of products has quickly NLE. The ingest-time can be shortened or even become the world's leading standard for compact, eliminated.portable, high capacity storage. The SD card excels

(2) Complete and instantaneous interoperability against the other media in areas like environmental

with NLE systems by adopting standardized MXF reliability, longevity, and access time and power

OP-Atom as the essence file format.consumpt ion . Re l i ab i l i t y under ha r sh

(3) Enhanced interoperability and extensibility with A P2 card is comprised of 6 major electronic production systems by adopting XML as the components: four SD memory cards, a P2 control descriptive metadata file format. LSI, and the external connector. The PCMCIA

assembly consists of a rigid aluminum die-cast 3 Structure of P2 card frame securely protects the 6 major parts and gives 3.1 Outline robustness and high durability.The P2 card was developed to satisfy the following

The mechanical structure of a P2 card is shown in targets:Fig. 3.1

(1) It must be able to be used in an environment of The SD Unit is a sub-assembly consisting of a severe temperature and humidity.printed-circuit board, the P2 control LSI, four SD

(2) It should be impervious to vibration and shock, memory cards, an inner connector for those SD compared with videotape cassettes and other cards, two clamping plates, and the Card Bus medias. connector. The clamping plates form a retainer (3) It should be tough enough to endure repetitive mechanism that holds the four SD memory cards use over many years. very precisely in the specially developed inner

connector so that reliable contact is maintained (4) It should have an industry standard, commonly within the P2 card even under severe accidental available PC interface.shock or vibration. In addition, a rigid aluminum

(5) Into the future, real-time recording of HDTV die-casting frame covers the SD unit. The should be guaranteed. mechanical structure described above allows P2

cards to be guaranteed to endure shock up to (6) It should be possible to transfer much faster 1500G, and vibration up to 15G.than real time from P2.

The P2 card Card Bus connector has been specially The major specifications of P2 card are shown on developed for this application. The quality of the Table 3.1.material and plating thickness of the actual contacts of the connector has been optimized for long life under repetitive use. A P2 card can reliably endure 30,000 repeated insertions and removals, so even if one does 10 cycles (insert and remove) every day, it can be repeatedly used for over eight years.

To assure 100,000 or more of rewriting cycles, the relation between logical address and physical address is shifted. In addition, the parallel operation of plural flash memory chips, the simultaneous

3.2 Mechanical structure and toughness of P2 background erasing during writing, and a control card algorithm for managing the difference in the size of In order to have a highly reliable P2 system, P2 card a write block and of an erase block, all facilitate itself must be engineered to withstand the physical high-speed writing and reading rates of 20 MB/sec wear and tear. (maximum) in each SD card, the combination has

an interface speed of 80 MB/sec or 640mbps. This may seem “over-kill” but recall that P2 has been designed to allow HD acquisition with no modification, and even in HD users will expect faster than real time transfers.

As was shown in Table 3.1, P2 cards are guaranteed to operate in the temperature range -20° to 60° C, and are able to be stored in the temperature range -40° to 80° C. This was realized by careful selection

File based (tape less) Workflow/automation

V-20 V-21

of all the parts that constitute the P2 card, and the files are stored under directories within the P2 card heat-resistant structure of the SD unit. Compare as shown in Figure 5.1.this to a conventional videotape cassette, where the A Unique Material IDentifier (UMID), a globally operational temperature range is 0° to 40° and that unique ID for A/V material, is generated and for storage is -10° to 50° C. Clearly, P2 cards can be assigned to the content on the P2 card at the time of used for newsgathering and other forms of the content creation (recording), and is given to the acquisition in more severe temperature video and audio essence, the clip meta-data, and the environments than videotape. proxy. Should the content be moved or copied from

the P2 card to another media that has a different 4 File systemdirectory structure wherein the link between files of In order to maintain compatibility with

conventional PC's, the P2 File system is a FAT (File Allocation Table) file system. However, in order to maximize the reliability and guarantee a minimum data transfer rate for professional-use AV equipment, the following technology was developed.

High reliabilityProfessional equipment must have high reliability in the face of such issues as sudden loss of power or disconnection (removal) of the writing media. While a normal file system updates the FAT table when the file is closed, the system for P2 constantly updates the FAT table at 2-second intervals throughout the recording process. Should the recording process be interrupted for any reason - inadvertent removal of the active card, for example

a given clip could be lost, it is possible to associate the material up to the last FAT table update is not the essence and its related metadata using the lost. Should this occur, a process called Clip Repair UMID.can be performed on the clip that had it's recording

suddenly interrupted. This process detects that a 5.2 MXF Essence Fileclip was stopped in the middle of record, and by MXF(Material eXchange Format) is a fundamental analysis of the FAT table immediately before the file exchange format that consists of several end the links are recreated and the file is restored Operational Patterns (OP) or file configurations completely. This file system adaptation creates a which has been standardized by the SMPTE. To compatible and highly reliable recording system in assure interoperability with other devices and which the content of a recording can be recovered systems, the P2 system adopted MXF, and more even with sudden power failure or removal of the specifically uses OP-Atom (Operational Pattern recording media. Furthermore, by improving the Atom), one of the operational patterns within the reliability, applications using multiple P2 card slots MXF standard. Op-Atom was selected as the data such as a continuous recording of a long time and structure because the video essence and the audio an endless recording were achieved. essence are wrapped independently and stored in

5 Content File Format5.1 Content File StructureThe structure of the content on a P2 card consists of logical “clips” that each contain a video MXF file, one or more audio MXF files, an XML clip metadata file as well as implementation dependent optional files, i.e. a Bitmap thumbnail file, a WAVE voice memo file, and an MPEG4 proxy file. These

separated files, making them immediately accessible and suitable for the independent (split) audio or video editing after recording. Since direct and immediate editing is one of the key features of the P2 ING system, Op-Atom is the most suitable structure within MXF.

The structure of the Op-Atom audio and video essence files recorded on the P2 card is based on the structure recommended in the MXF standard, and is shown in Figure 5.2. Each file consists of three

and useful in the future, having a separate XML parts, a File header, a File body, and a File footer. metadata file that also carries the structural The File header contains a header partition pack, metadata enables easy conversion of P2 content to the header metadata and an Index table. The File the data structure of an existing system that has the body is a single Essence Container that carries the same essence structure but a different header video or audio data. In the video MXF file, the DV, structure. This is useful in viewing applications and DVCPRO, DVCPRO50, or DVCPROHD it also allows editing using the Clip metadata and the compressed data is embedded in a DV-DIF stream Proxy data without using the essence file, so users and mapped into the Essence Container. In the that have decided to use the optional proxy and low audio MXF file, uncompressed AES-3 audio data resolution editing to augment the direct editing for each channel is mapped into the Essence features in the P2 system will find their Container, i.e. in the case of 4 channel audio, four requirements facilitated by this structure.Audio MXF files exist. The File Footer contains the

Index table, which is the same as that in the File Descriptive metadata is the information about the Header. production aspects of the clip. For any given shot it

can contain the time, date, location, shooter, talent, In order to give greater flexibility in audio editing, person interviewed, and even GPS data and can be Clip wrapping has been adopted for the P2 system used, modified, or updated in the editing and post in both video and audio essence files. By using Clip production process. Descriptive metadata is wrapping and setting the Edit unit to an audio required for content management, and is used as a sample, audio editing is possible at any point on an key to search a specific content. Therefore, this data audio sample basis.

5.3 MetadataThe P2 system has two types of Metadata: Structural Metadata and Descriptive Metadata. Structural metadata is the metadata required for full-featured use of the video and audio essence stored in the MXF file, such as the parameters of the essence. On the other hand, the descriptive metadata represents additional information about the video and audio essence that adds functionality and efficiency.

The Structural Metadata is recorded is best held in the XML layer, which has PC in both the Header Metadata section of the MXF compatibility, visibility, and extensibility. In files and the clip metadata XML file. While it is addition, when news content that has been expected that the metadata structure and recorded with this additional shooting information information carried in the MXF file will be popular is ingested to a news production system, the XML

V-20 V-21

of all the parts that constitute the P2 card, and the files are stored under directories within the P2 card heat-resistant structure of the SD unit. Compare as shown in Figure 5.1.this to a conventional videotape cassette, where the A Unique Material IDentifier (UMID), a globally operational temperature range is 0° to 40° and that unique ID for A/V material, is generated and for storage is -10° to 50° C. Clearly, P2 cards can be assigned to the content on the P2 card at the time of used for newsgathering and other forms of the content creation (recording), and is given to the acquisition in more severe temperature video and audio essence, the clip meta-data, and the environments than videotape. proxy. Should the content be moved or copied from

the P2 card to another media that has a different 4 File systemdirectory structure wherein the link between files of In order to maintain compatibility with

conventional PC's, the P2 File system is a FAT (File Allocation Table) file system. However, in order to maximize the reliability and guarantee a minimum data transfer rate for professional-use AV equipment, the following technology was developed.

High reliabilityProfessional equipment must have high reliability in the face of such issues as sudden loss of power or disconnection (removal) of the writing media. While a normal file system updates the FAT table when the file is closed, the system for P2 constantly updates the FAT table at 2-second intervals throughout the recording process. Should the recording process be interrupted for any reason - inadvertent removal of the active card, for example

a given clip could be lost, it is possible to associate the material up to the last FAT table update is not the essence and its related metadata using the lost. Should this occur, a process called Clip Repair UMID.can be performed on the clip that had it's recording

suddenly interrupted. This process detects that a 5.2 MXF Essence Fileclip was stopped in the middle of record, and by MXF(Material eXchange Format) is a fundamental analysis of the FAT table immediately before the file exchange format that consists of several end the links are recreated and the file is restored Operational Patterns (OP) or file configurations completely. This file system adaptation creates a which has been standardized by the SMPTE. To compatible and highly reliable recording system in assure interoperability with other devices and which the content of a recording can be recovered systems, the P2 system adopted MXF, and more even with sudden power failure or removal of the specifically uses OP-Atom (Operational Pattern recording media. Furthermore, by improving the Atom), one of the operational patterns within the reliability, applications using multiple P2 card slots MXF standard. Op-Atom was selected as the data such as a continuous recording of a long time and structure because the video essence and the audio an endless recording were achieved. essence are wrapped independently and stored in

5 Content File Format5.1 Content File StructureThe structure of the content on a P2 card consists of logical “clips” that each contain a video MXF file, one or more audio MXF files, an XML clip metadata file as well as implementation dependent optional files, i.e. a Bitmap thumbnail file, a WAVE voice memo file, and an MPEG4 proxy file. These

separated files, making them immediately accessible and suitable for the independent (split) audio or video editing after recording. Since direct and immediate editing is one of the key features of the P2 ING system, Op-Atom is the most suitable structure within MXF.

The structure of the Op-Atom audio and video essence files recorded on the P2 card is based on the structure recommended in the MXF standard, and is shown in Figure 5.2. Each file consists of three

and useful in the future, having a separate XML parts, a File header, a File body, and a File footer. metadata file that also carries the structural The File header contains a header partition pack, metadata enables easy conversion of P2 content to the header metadata and an Index table. The File the data structure of an existing system that has the body is a single Essence Container that carries the same essence structure but a different header video or audio data. In the video MXF file, the DV, structure. This is useful in viewing applications and DVCPRO, DVCPRO50, or DVCPROHD it also allows editing using the Clip metadata and the compressed data is embedded in a DV-DIF stream Proxy data without using the essence file, so users and mapped into the Essence Container. In the that have decided to use the optional proxy and low audio MXF file, uncompressed AES-3 audio data resolution editing to augment the direct editing for each channel is mapped into the Essence features in the P2 system will find their Container, i.e. in the case of 4 channel audio, four requirements facilitated by this structure.Audio MXF files exist. The File Footer contains the

Index table, which is the same as that in the File Descriptive metadata is the information about the Header. production aspects of the clip. For any given shot it

can contain the time, date, location, shooter, talent, In order to give greater flexibility in audio editing, person interviewed, and even GPS data and can be Clip wrapping has been adopted for the P2 system used, modified, or updated in the editing and post in both video and audio essence files. By using Clip production process. Descriptive metadata is wrapping and setting the Edit unit to an audio required for content management, and is used as a sample, audio editing is possible at any point on an key to search a specific content. Therefore, this data audio sample basis.

5.3 MetadataThe P2 system has two types of Metadata: Structural Metadata and Descriptive Metadata. Structural metadata is the metadata required for full-featured use of the video and audio essence stored in the MXF file, such as the parameters of the essence. On the other hand, the descriptive metadata represents additional information about the video and audio essence that adds functionality and efficiency.

The Structural Metadata is recorded is best held in the XML layer, which has PC in both the Header Metadata section of the MXF compatibility, visibility, and extensibility. In files and the clip metadata XML file. While it is addition, when news content that has been expected that the metadata structure and recorded with this additional shooting information information carried in the MXF file will be popular is ingested to a news production system, the XML

V-22

metadata is parsed and the appropriate metadata sufficient speed for high definition at the outset, elements can be registered in the database of the assured of exponential storage capacity growth, news production system. Consequently, the video and economics driven by consumer mass and audio essence files can be downloaded at high production and use. This was the development speed without parsing the data structure of the criterion for the P2 card.video and audio essence files. Direct acquisition-quality editing straight from the The structural metadata and the descriptive P2 card was made possible by guaranteeing a high metadata are stored in the associated XML clip data transfer rate, and this fast access time improves metadata file, and examples of those structural and efficiency and shortens news edit time very descriptive metadata elements are shown in Table significantly. By generating and keeping descriptive 5.1 and Table 5.2. metadata in an independent XML file, the metadata

can be placed in the database of a news or 6 Conclusion production system simply by parsing the XML file. Clearly, it is possible to build an essentially “media- In this kind of system, the essence or content less” IT friendly acquisition system with a work transfer is just a high-speed up-load of the MXF flow that in many ways follows the computer- files to the server.centric digital still camera model rather than the

This P2 ING system is clearly the next generation videotape model with its plethora of specialized news production system. It brings lower-cost, less hardware.maintenance, higher productivity, and a computer-

The key was the development of a storage element oriented structure that is far more closely linked to with great physical shock resistance, a wide production systems than conventional tape based operating temperature range, and excellent products were ever capable of doing. It is simply the moisture resistance with proven core technology, answer for television acquisition in the future.

ABOUT THE SPEAKER

Teo Gim Loo has spent 13 years with Panasonic Systems Asia Pacific, Broadcast Regional Operation Center and major in Training and promoting Panasonic cutting edge broadcasting system and technology starting with M2, D3, D5, HDD5 (½” tape format) to DVCPRO, DVCPOR 50, DVCPOR HD, ¼” tape format.

He is involved in P2 tapeless system, HDTV, HD film market development for Asia Pacific region (Mainly Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam and India)

File base workflow/ automation /content creation white paper:

File base or IT base broadcast system development is realizing and make into full solution for worldwide broadcaster to adopt today.

File base recording media include Solid-state memory device, Optical Disk device, Hard disk etc are getting popular today.

Performance of each file base system depend on compression method, transfer speed, reliability and maintenance requirement.

Broadcasters ultimately require high speed, low maintenance system without compromising the image quality up to HD migration possibility. Panasonic P2 system with MXF Atom-OP file base broadcast system is ready for all broadcasters for both SD and HD market.

Base on world wide common broadcast usage DVCPRO, DVCPRO50 and DVCPRO HD compression technology, P2 MXF file base system is develop upon the same compression for:

1. IT and Network broadcasting workflow requirement

- Base on data file transfer like IT network style reduce total waiting time for tapes and the needs for expensive VTR.

2. Reduce total cost of ownership

- Recycle usage of P2 cards reduce total cost of media in long run and it is extremely environment friendly.

- File base workflow reduces the use of VTR benefit to all broadcasters in term of investment as well as maintenance cost.

3. Smooth and Ready for HD migration

-Base on same compression as DVCPRO/ DVCPRO 50 /DVCPOR HD, just replace recording media, P2 system is ready and speedy enough for SD with smooth transition to HD environment require by today's broadcasters.

Mr. Rajiva Ranjan PrasadAll India Radio

Session-6Session-6

Mr. Rajat NigamBECIL, India

Mr. Amit DevTIME Broadband,

India

Mr.Mohan TambeInnomedia Technologies

India

Ms. Deepa TyagiDepartment of Telcom,

India

Interactive Broadcasting

V-22

metadata is parsed and the appropriate metadata sufficient speed for high definition at the outset, elements can be registered in the database of the assured of exponential storage capacity growth, news production system. Consequently, the video and economics driven by consumer mass and audio essence files can be downloaded at high production and use. This was the development speed without parsing the data structure of the criterion for the P2 card.video and audio essence files. Direct acquisition-quality editing straight from the The structural metadata and the descriptive P2 card was made possible by guaranteeing a high metadata are stored in the associated XML clip data transfer rate, and this fast access time improves metadata file, and examples of those structural and efficiency and shortens news edit time very descriptive metadata elements are shown in Table significantly. By generating and keeping descriptive 5.1 and Table 5.2. metadata in an independent XML file, the metadata

can be placed in the database of a news or 6 Conclusion production system simply by parsing the XML file. Clearly, it is possible to build an essentially “media- In this kind of system, the essence or content less” IT friendly acquisition system with a work transfer is just a high-speed up-load of the MXF flow that in many ways follows the computer- files to the server.centric digital still camera model rather than the

This P2 ING system is clearly the next generation videotape model with its plethora of specialized news production system. It brings lower-cost, less hardware.maintenance, higher productivity, and a computer-

The key was the development of a storage element oriented structure that is far more closely linked to with great physical shock resistance, a wide production systems than conventional tape based operating temperature range, and excellent products were ever capable of doing. It is simply the moisture resistance with proven core technology, answer for television acquisition in the future.

ABOUT THE SPEAKER

Teo Gim Loo has spent 13 years with Panasonic Systems Asia Pacific, Broadcast Regional Operation Center and major in Training and promoting Panasonic cutting edge broadcasting system and technology starting with M2, D3, D5, HDD5 (½” tape format) to DVCPRO, DVCPOR 50, DVCPOR HD, ¼” tape format.

He is involved in P2 tapeless system, HDTV, HD film market development for Asia Pacific region (Mainly Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam and India)

File base workflow/ automation /content creation white paper:

File base or IT base broadcast system development is realizing and make into full solution for worldwide broadcaster to adopt today.

File base recording media include Solid-state memory device, Optical Disk device, Hard disk etc are getting popular today.

Performance of each file base system depend on compression method, transfer speed, reliability and maintenance requirement.

Broadcasters ultimately require high speed, low maintenance system without compromising the image quality up to HD migration possibility. Panasonic P2 system with MXF Atom-OP file base broadcast system is ready for all broadcasters for both SD and HD market.

Base on world wide common broadcast usage DVCPRO, DVCPRO50 and DVCPRO HD compression technology, P2 MXF file base system is develop upon the same compression for:

1. IT and Network broadcasting workflow requirement

- Base on data file transfer like IT network style reduce total waiting time for tapes and the needs for expensive VTR.

2. Reduce total cost of ownership

- Recycle usage of P2 cards reduce total cost of media in long run and it is extremely environment friendly.

- File base workflow reduces the use of VTR benefit to all broadcasters in term of investment as well as maintenance cost.

3. Smooth and Ready for HD migration

-Base on same compression as DVCPRO/ DVCPRO 50 /DVCPOR HD, just replace recording media, P2 system is ready and speedy enough for SD with smooth transition to HD environment require by today's broadcasters.

Mr. Rajiva Ranjan PrasadAll India Radio

Session-6Session-6

Mr. Rajat NigamBECIL, India

Mr. Amit DevTIME Broadband,

India

Mr.Mohan TambeInnomedia Technologies

India

Ms. Deepa TyagiDepartment of Telcom,

India

Interactive Broadcasting

VI-1

Convergence

Mr. Rajat NigamBECIL, India

R.R. Prasad is after graduating in Electronics & Communication Engineering, he joined Indian Broadcasting (Engineers) Service, 1971 batch.

Served in different capacities for A.I.R. and Doordarshan installations.

Since 2005, is holding the post of Chief Engineer (Projects & Resources) at A.I.R. Directorate.

Had been associated with several National and International bodies that includes;

a) Member of Technical Advisory Group of Insat Coordination Committee for more than ten years, 1986-95 and 2005 onwards

b) Chairman of drafting group of the then CCIR JIWP CMTT/4/10/11 (1987-91). Authored a CCIR Report in that capacity.

c) Served Radio TV Vietman as ABU(Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union) Expert (1991)

d) Served Yemen as ITU (International Telecommunication Union) Consultant (1996)

Mr. Rajiva Ranjan PrasadAll India Radio

VI-1

Convergence

Mr. Rajat NigamBECIL, India

R.R. Prasad is after graduating in Electronics & Communication Engineering, he joined Indian Broadcasting (Engineers) Service, 1971 batch.

Served in different capacities for A.I.R. and Doordarshan installations.

Since 2005, is holding the post of Chief Engineer (Projects & Resources) at A.I.R. Directorate.

Had been associated with several National and International bodies that includes;

a) Member of Technical Advisory Group of Insat Coordination Committee for more than ten years, 1986-95 and 2005 onwards

b) Chairman of drafting group of the then CCIR JIWP CMTT/4/10/11 (1987-91). Authored a CCIR Report in that capacity.

c) Served Radio TV Vietman as ABU(Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union) Expert (1991)

d) Served Yemen as ITU (International Telecommunication Union) Consultant (1996)

Mr. Rajiva Ranjan PrasadAll India Radio

V1-2 VI-3

Convergence

1 2

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7 8

9 10

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V1-2 VI-3

Convergence

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

9 10

11 12

VI-4 VI-5

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23 24

VI-4 VI-5

13 14

15 16

17 18

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VI-6 VI-7

Rajat Nigam is a Broadcast Media professional having rich experience of more than 15 years in Television industry. Besides conceptualising and executing TV projects, he has hands on experience of running of News and Sports channels. He was with Doordarshan, the National Broadcaster of India, and had been involved in coverage of Olympics games in Athens, Asian Games in Korea besides large number of International Cricket matches. He has been largely associated in concept selling of FM Radio for private sector in India and advent of new technological applications. Rajat Nigam is a widely traveled professional and is exposed to the happenings of business of broadcasting across. He has innovatively defined functional practices at different levels of TV operations and is enthusiastically involved in striving for developing Broadcasting in the region.

25 26

27 28

29 30

ABOUT THE SPEAKER

VI-6 VI-7

Rajat Nigam is a Broadcast Media professional having rich experience of more than 15 years in Television industry. Besides conceptualising and executing TV projects, he has hands on experience of running of News and Sports channels. He was with Doordarshan, the National Broadcaster of India, and had been involved in coverage of Olympics games in Athens, Asian Games in Korea besides large number of International Cricket matches. He has been largely associated in concept selling of FM Radio for private sector in India and advent of new technological applications. Rajat Nigam is a widely traveled professional and is exposed to the happenings of business of broadcasting across. He has innovatively defined functional practices at different levels of TV operations and is enthusiastically involved in striving for developing Broadcasting in the region.

25 26

27 28

29 30

ABOUT THE SPEAKER

VI-9

IPTV (TV broadcasting using Internet protocol)

Mr. Amit DevTIME Broadband, India

VI-9

IPTV (TV broadcasting using Internet protocol)

Mr. Amit DevTIME Broadband, India

VI-10

When Two Worlds of Content & Access Convergeon Digital Back Plane...

TIME BROADBAND SERVICESPRESENTSSTATUS REPORT ON "DIGITAL HOME AND

TELCO ROLE" IN INDIA

Then Two Screens of Life Converge to Deliver Digital Content

For Fulfillment of the Aspiration for Digital Empowerment at Hand

Your Own Convenience to Watch Becomes Prime-Time At Any Time of the Day...

Your Own Choice Becomes The Content Viewing AgendaWith Video On-Demand...

VI-11

Made Possible by the TelcosAdopting

Triple Playto Deliver IPTV

Time Broadband Services Envisage A Catalyst Role To Promote Convergence

By Assuring Standardof Global Best Practices with Carrier-Grade Inputs

TBSL to Support Telecom withContent Alliance For TheARPU To Reach Higher Level

While Providing Threshold Protection to IPR Value of

Content Provider Fraternity

Delivering True Quality For Customer Delight At

Affordable Pricing Rationale

IPTV (TV broadcasting using Internet protocol)

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

9 10

11 12

VI-10

When Two Worlds of Content & Access Convergeon Digital Back Plane...

TIME BROADBAND SERVICESPRESENTSSTATUS REPORT ON "DIGITAL HOME AND

TELCO ROLE" IN INDIA

Then Two Screens of Life Converge to Deliver Digital Content

For Fulfillment of the Aspiration for Digital Empowerment at Hand

Your Own Convenience to Watch Becomes Prime-Time At Any Time of the Day...

Your Own Choice Becomes The Content Viewing AgendaWith Video On-Demand...

VI-11

Made Possible by the TelcosAdopting

Triple Playto Deliver IPTV

Time Broadband Services Envisage A Catalyst Role To Promote Convergence

By Assuring Standardof Global Best Practices with Carrier-Grade Inputs

TBSL to Support Telecom withContent Alliance For TheARPU To Reach Higher Level

While Providing Threshold Protection to IPR Value of

Content Provider Fraternity

Delivering True Quality For Customer Delight At

Affordable Pricing Rationale

IPTV (TV broadcasting using Internet protocol)

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

9 10

11 12

VI-12

Indian Telco Operators Are Committed to Develop INDIA as the Leader In New Global Media Domain

VI-13

13 14

15 16

17 18

19 20

21 22

23 24

VI-12

Indian Telco Operators Are Committed to Develop INDIA as the Leader In New Global Media Domain

VI-13

13 14

15 16

17 18

19 20

21 22

23 24

VI-14 VI-15

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27 28

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35 36

VI-14 VI-15

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29 30

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35 36

VI-16

ABOUT THE SPEAKER

Amit Dev is a co-promoter of Time Broadband Services Private Limited. His vision 'New Gen Tech for Next Gen'

A specialist in integrating new technology for media and entertainment convergence of entertainment and telecom, he has transcended borders in the areas of Satellite broadcast and data networking with extensive experience in India and the Asia-Pac region.

With experience of over a decade in each telecom and broadcast in his role as a strategic advisor and corporate technology planning includes stints at COMSAT RSI where he spearheaded Voice on Demand (Known in the USA as On Command Video- OCV). He has pioneered India's first KU band VSAT service for financial networking for SaharNet.

He spearheaded the launch of India's first regional satellite channel 'Sun TV'. He has also launched channels like ATN, ESPN and Sahara TV. In addition to these he plays a multifaceted role as a corporate advisor on technology to various companies like B R Chopra Film & TV Media group, Balaji Telefilms Ltd., Blockbuster Distribution Ltd., BVTI (Disney-Modi JV amongst others. Amit also has gone transnational consulting with Asiastar Communication (USA), Cinemeta Digital-Cinema (Singapore) and Ceycom Global Services (Sri Lanka)

Amit Dev is an acclaimed speaker in various national and global trade forums since 1990. He holds a PGD in International Trade from 'NCTI', Advanced Trade Diploma in Masscom from SPJC and alumni of the elite national academy 'Indian Institute of Science'

VI-17

Value added services/VOD (Video on demand)

Abstract

Satellites allows reception of digital channels in any remote areas. However, the services are pretty limited, as only one channel can be tuned at a time. The paper describes how through a single Satellite dish in a building or a society, one can provide in each of the premises, Video-on-Demand, Digital Video-Recorder, Channel viewing with Pause/Play, and value added services such as E-Books, Subtitles in multiple languages and Programme Guides. Furthermore, with a single broadband connection, each premise can also get Internet browsing, SMS Messaging, VoIP Telephony, and Voting capability in participative TV programmes. These features are provided by a "hexa-play" set-side-box called CHOISpad (CHOIS: Converged Home & Office Interactive Services).

The paper describes how the CHOISpads in all the premises are connected together using Ethernet cables to form a LAN. Some of the Streamer CHOISpads are used along with the Satellite Dish, for allowing all the received channels to be streamed out as Multicast Channels to other CHOISpads. This allows a user to see a channel, while recording two other channels in the background. Some of the Server CHOISpads allow VOD contents, to be downloaded from the VOD channels included in the DTH transmission. The Peer-to-Peer facility allows users, to view the distributed VOD contents.

With a broadband connection to the LAN, proper billing and usage accounting occurs for each user. Payments for services are possible through a crypto-Citizen Card. The Citizen Card also allows secure voting. The return path of a two-way satellite can be used in places where broadband connection is not available.

The CHOISpad also provide interactive remotes (called CHOISers), which allow typing in all the languages of the world. It is now possible for all the members of a family to vote together, using multiple CHOISers. Thus each Live TV channel, gets converted into a Participative TV Channel. The canned programmes of a channel, can be watched any time on a VOD basis, thus eliminating prime-time. The nature of TV programming can change, when audience can directly pay for what they like, and sponsors are not required.

Mr.Mohan TambeInnomedia Technologies, India

37 38

VI-16

ABOUT THE SPEAKER

Amit Dev is a co-promoter of Time Broadband Services Private Limited. His vision 'New Gen Tech for Next Gen'

A specialist in integrating new technology for media and entertainment convergence of entertainment and telecom, he has transcended borders in the areas of Satellite broadcast and data networking with extensive experience in India and the Asia-Pac region.

With experience of over a decade in each telecom and broadcast in his role as a strategic advisor and corporate technology planning includes stints at COMSAT RSI where he spearheaded Voice on Demand (Known in the USA as On Command Video- OCV). He has pioneered India's first KU band VSAT service for financial networking for SaharNet.

He spearheaded the launch of India's first regional satellite channel 'Sun TV'. He has also launched channels like ATN, ESPN and Sahara TV. In addition to these he plays a multifaceted role as a corporate advisor on technology to various companies like B R Chopra Film & TV Media group, Balaji Telefilms Ltd., Blockbuster Distribution Ltd., BVTI (Disney-Modi JV amongst others. Amit also has gone transnational consulting with Asiastar Communication (USA), Cinemeta Digital-Cinema (Singapore) and Ceycom Global Services (Sri Lanka)

Amit Dev is an acclaimed speaker in various national and global trade forums since 1990. He holds a PGD in International Trade from 'NCTI', Advanced Trade Diploma in Masscom from SPJC and alumni of the elite national academy 'Indian Institute of Science'

VI-17

Value added services/VOD (Video on demand)

Abstract

Satellites allows reception of digital channels in any remote areas. However, the services are pretty limited, as only one channel can be tuned at a time. The paper describes how through a single Satellite dish in a building or a society, one can provide in each of the premises, Video-on-Demand, Digital Video-Recorder, Channel viewing with Pause/Play, and value added services such as E-Books, Subtitles in multiple languages and Programme Guides. Furthermore, with a single broadband connection, each premise can also get Internet browsing, SMS Messaging, VoIP Telephony, and Voting capability in participative TV programmes. These features are provided by a "hexa-play" set-side-box called CHOISpad (CHOIS: Converged Home & Office Interactive Services).

The paper describes how the CHOISpads in all the premises are connected together using Ethernet cables to form a LAN. Some of the Streamer CHOISpads are used along with the Satellite Dish, for allowing all the received channels to be streamed out as Multicast Channels to other CHOISpads. This allows a user to see a channel, while recording two other channels in the background. Some of the Server CHOISpads allow VOD contents, to be downloaded from the VOD channels included in the DTH transmission. The Peer-to-Peer facility allows users, to view the distributed VOD contents.

With a broadband connection to the LAN, proper billing and usage accounting occurs for each user. Payments for services are possible through a crypto-Citizen Card. The Citizen Card also allows secure voting. The return path of a two-way satellite can be used in places where broadband connection is not available.

The CHOISpad also provide interactive remotes (called CHOISers), which allow typing in all the languages of the world. It is now possible for all the members of a family to vote together, using multiple CHOISers. Thus each Live TV channel, gets converted into a Participative TV Channel. The canned programmes of a channel, can be watched any time on a VOD basis, thus eliminating prime-time. The nature of TV programming can change, when audience can directly pay for what they like, and sponsors are not required.

Mr.Mohan TambeInnomedia Technologies, India

37 38

VI-18

CHOISpc is a low-cost Network PC. The 1.1 IntroductionCHOISpad and CHOISpc effectively complement Netway is an end-to-end network, designed from each other for providing the TV based scratch in India. It has been operating on a pilot entertainment and PC based work experience basis for last three years in 5000 homes, in respectivelyJamnagar, Bombay and Bangalore. It is a Next

Generation "Ethernet Everywhere", Fibre-to-the- Netway provides an interactive remote (CHOISer), Kerb network, which uses Peer-to-Peer (patent which also works as a Smart Home controller, for all pending) technology for achieving unlimited the Internet appliances. The CHOISer also allows scalability. It provides a 100 Mbit symmetric single thumb touch-typing of all the languages of Ethernet connection to each home or each work- the world. station in an office.

CHOISer creates a virtual electronic nervous Netway has sufficient bandwidths for allowing HD- system, which would connect the minds of the TV videos to be streamed from any place to any users to the Netway. All members of a family can place, with a guaranteed Quality of Service. now vote simultaneously using their own

CHOISers. This converts every channel into a The way RISC computing simplified and participative TV channel, and can even usher in e-demystified the CISC computing; Netway democracy.simplifies and demystifies the existing Networking

technologies. Each home can now use 64kbps VoIP phones, on just a library fee basis. While HD-TV quality video-Netway breaks the law of telecom, of picking two conferencing would become as easy as the metered out of three: Features, Performance, Price. Netway calls on a conventional phone. achieves all the three.

Netway allows home PCs to be used as free Web Netway is a holistic technology with innovative Servers too, with capability of serving full-screen Servers, Network Routers, Set-top-boxes, streaming videos. Contents, Billing and Network Management

Systems. Netway can usher in Interactive education all over the country. HD-TV quality Video lectures can now Inspite of the low-cost, Netway is a fully dually be given to classes, and homes distributed across the redundant network (right till the Ethernet sockets), country. Each student can give live feedback to the which provides carrier-class services to each home, Lecturer using his CHOISer remote.office, and public place. It also allows unlimited

premises to participate in a Virtual Private Network. 1.2.2 Global ContentsUsers don't need to buy audio/video/e-book 1.2 Netway Conceptscontents anymore, they can use it anywhere,

1.2.1 Smart Home anytime. Netway will have distributed storage of the Netway transforms each home into a Smart Home, entire heritage of the world, in all the living with Ethernet points becoming as ubiquitous as languages.Electrical points. The low-cost scalable Netway

The CHOISpad breaks all the languages barriers for LAN in any premise can now be constructed by an the Global Contents, and facilitates through Electrician himself. Internet appliances can be automatic transliteration between languages.plugged into these.A network wide DRM, allows the Global Contents The user-interface for Netway based services are to move through-out the Network in an encrypted provided by CHOISpad or a CHOISpc. CHOIS is state. The decryption happens only when a content pronounced "choice" and is an acronym for is used, which also triggers electronic billing"Converged Home & Office Integrated Services".

While CHOISpad is a Hexa-play set-side-box, A Content search occurs instantly, as it is done by

VI-19

the hardware of the Netway Routers themselves. be easily afforded by even medium sized cable The network can even locates the nearest device operator (10,000 users). The low-cost is achieved by with the desired content, de-congesting the using CHOISpads for serving VOD, and streaming network. Channels.

A user can also select between hundreds of Netway Head-ends are connected together, in form channels from all over the world. Most of these will of a mesh, using inter-city dark fibres, which allow be live participative channels, as a user would rather the traffic to increase with the demand. The idea is watch the canned programmes in a channel, on a that unlike the concrete highways there should be VOD basis. no suffocation of usage because of bandwidth

limitations. The network served by a Netway Head-1.2.3 Citizen Card For Paymentsend is called Local Netway, while the network Netway provides a unique Crypto Citizen card to connecting all the Netway Head-ends is called every person, regardless of him owning any Netway Global Netway.appliance. Each person can now log-in from

anywhere, to his terabyte account, enough to store As we will see, using a DTH it is possible to have his life-time video memories. isolated Netway Clusters too.

The Citizen Card is used for all payments, and 1.3 Dth Cluster allows instant revenue sharing between the A Netway DTH Cluster in a Building or a Society, concerned organizations providing the service, can be initiated with just a DTH Dish and a Shelf of with the required taxes going to the government CHOISpads. Each of the CHOISpads has a tuner agencies. connected to the Dish and a 100 M bit Ethernet

port, connected to an Access Router (24# 100 Mb The Library and Pay-per-fetch payment models are ports, 4# 1Gig Ports). designed such that all the contents and services can

be afforded by all the sections of a society. The Access Router is in turn connected to up to 24 Gateways, using CAT-5 cable (upto 150 metres). 1.2.4 Designed For Cable OperatorsEach Gateway is in turn connected to up to 8 Netway Technology has been made with the Indian premises. Each premise can have a low-cost Netway Cable Operators in mind. The Cable operator will LAN, which provides enough Netway Points find Netway easier than their existing coaxial (Ethernet Sockets), for connecting Netway networks. The networks can be constructed, owned Appliances in each room. CHOISpads and and operated entirely by medium sized cable CHOISpcs can be connected to the Netway Points. operators, using their existing people.These devices can then communicate to other

A Cable operator can think of the Netway Gateway devices in the Cluster, in a Peer-to-Peer manner.

as equivalent to his Splitter and the Netway Router The Access Router can also be connected to a 24x7 as equivalent to his co-ax Amplifier. The new broadband connection. The internet can be shared Netway cabling is done on a roof-top to roof-top by all the CHOISpads and CHOISpcs. Now each basis, following his existing co-ax cable routes.of the CHOISpad can remain in contact with the

Netway ensures that Consumer wins first, followed CHOIS Blade Server in the National Netway Head-

by the Content Owner. With these two winning, the end.

Network Operator wins automatically. Formulae 1.3.1 Dth Cluster Operationbased Revenue sharing occurs between Content Each CHOISpad can, through the broadband Providers, Content Aggregator and Network connection, request for latest TV Guides, Operator. Inspite of the full-accountability, the Programme Guides, Preview Books, Metafiles and Cable Operator can now earn much more.other light-weight items. The requests for any video

A fully redundant, low-cost Netway Head-end can content, not present in the cluster, also gets sent

Value added services/VOD (Video on demand)

VI-18

CHOISpc is a low-cost Network PC. The 1.1 IntroductionCHOISpad and CHOISpc effectively complement Netway is an end-to-end network, designed from each other for providing the TV based scratch in India. It has been operating on a pilot entertainment and PC based work experience basis for last three years in 5000 homes, in respectivelyJamnagar, Bombay and Bangalore. It is a Next

Generation "Ethernet Everywhere", Fibre-to-the- Netway provides an interactive remote (CHOISer), Kerb network, which uses Peer-to-Peer (patent which also works as a Smart Home controller, for all pending) technology for achieving unlimited the Internet appliances. The CHOISer also allows scalability. It provides a 100 Mbit symmetric single thumb touch-typing of all the languages of Ethernet connection to each home or each work- the world. station in an office.

CHOISer creates a virtual electronic nervous Netway has sufficient bandwidths for allowing HD- system, which would connect the minds of the TV videos to be streamed from any place to any users to the Netway. All members of a family can place, with a guaranteed Quality of Service. now vote simultaneously using their own

CHOISers. This converts every channel into a The way RISC computing simplified and participative TV channel, and can even usher in e-demystified the CISC computing; Netway democracy.simplifies and demystifies the existing Networking

technologies. Each home can now use 64kbps VoIP phones, on just a library fee basis. While HD-TV quality video-Netway breaks the law of telecom, of picking two conferencing would become as easy as the metered out of three: Features, Performance, Price. Netway calls on a conventional phone. achieves all the three.

Netway allows home PCs to be used as free Web Netway is a holistic technology with innovative Servers too, with capability of serving full-screen Servers, Network Routers, Set-top-boxes, streaming videos. Contents, Billing and Network Management

Systems. Netway can usher in Interactive education all over the country. HD-TV quality Video lectures can now Inspite of the low-cost, Netway is a fully dually be given to classes, and homes distributed across the redundant network (right till the Ethernet sockets), country. Each student can give live feedback to the which provides carrier-class services to each home, Lecturer using his CHOISer remote.office, and public place. It also allows unlimited

premises to participate in a Virtual Private Network. 1.2.2 Global ContentsUsers don't need to buy audio/video/e-book 1.2 Netway Conceptscontents anymore, they can use it anywhere,

1.2.1 Smart Home anytime. Netway will have distributed storage of the Netway transforms each home into a Smart Home, entire heritage of the world, in all the living with Ethernet points becoming as ubiquitous as languages.Electrical points. The low-cost scalable Netway

The CHOISpad breaks all the languages barriers for LAN in any premise can now be constructed by an the Global Contents, and facilitates through Electrician himself. Internet appliances can be automatic transliteration between languages.plugged into these.A network wide DRM, allows the Global Contents The user-interface for Netway based services are to move through-out the Network in an encrypted provided by CHOISpad or a CHOISpc. CHOIS is state. The decryption happens only when a content pronounced "choice" and is an acronym for is used, which also triggers electronic billing"Converged Home & Office Integrated Services".

While CHOISpad is a Hexa-play set-side-box, A Content search occurs instantly, as it is done by

VI-19

the hardware of the Netway Routers themselves. be easily afforded by even medium sized cable The network can even locates the nearest device operator (10,000 users). The low-cost is achieved by with the desired content, de-congesting the using CHOISpads for serving VOD, and streaming network. Channels.

A user can also select between hundreds of Netway Head-ends are connected together, in form channels from all over the world. Most of these will of a mesh, using inter-city dark fibres, which allow be live participative channels, as a user would rather the traffic to increase with the demand. The idea is watch the canned programmes in a channel, on a that unlike the concrete highways there should be VOD basis. no suffocation of usage because of bandwidth

limitations. The network served by a Netway Head-1.2.3 Citizen Card For Paymentsend is called Local Netway, while the network Netway provides a unique Crypto Citizen card to connecting all the Netway Head-ends is called every person, regardless of him owning any Netway Global Netway.appliance. Each person can now log-in from

anywhere, to his terabyte account, enough to store As we will see, using a DTH it is possible to have his life-time video memories. isolated Netway Clusters too.

The Citizen Card is used for all payments, and 1.3 Dth Cluster allows instant revenue sharing between the A Netway DTH Cluster in a Building or a Society, concerned organizations providing the service, can be initiated with just a DTH Dish and a Shelf of with the required taxes going to the government CHOISpads. Each of the CHOISpads has a tuner agencies. connected to the Dish and a 100 M bit Ethernet

port, connected to an Access Router (24# 100 Mb The Library and Pay-per-fetch payment models are ports, 4# 1Gig Ports). designed such that all the contents and services can

be afforded by all the sections of a society. The Access Router is in turn connected to up to 24 Gateways, using CAT-5 cable (upto 150 metres). 1.2.4 Designed For Cable OperatorsEach Gateway is in turn connected to up to 8 Netway Technology has been made with the Indian premises. Each premise can have a low-cost Netway Cable Operators in mind. The Cable operator will LAN, which provides enough Netway Points find Netway easier than their existing coaxial (Ethernet Sockets), for connecting Netway networks. The networks can be constructed, owned Appliances in each room. CHOISpads and and operated entirely by medium sized cable CHOISpcs can be connected to the Netway Points. operators, using their existing people.These devices can then communicate to other

A Cable operator can think of the Netway Gateway devices in the Cluster, in a Peer-to-Peer manner.

as equivalent to his Splitter and the Netway Router The Access Router can also be connected to a 24x7 as equivalent to his co-ax Amplifier. The new broadband connection. The internet can be shared Netway cabling is done on a roof-top to roof-top by all the CHOISpads and CHOISpcs. Now each basis, following his existing co-ax cable routes.of the CHOISpad can remain in contact with the

Netway ensures that Consumer wins first, followed CHOIS Blade Server in the National Netway Head-

by the Content Owner. With these two winning, the end.

Network Operator wins automatically. Formulae 1.3.1 Dth Cluster Operationbased Revenue sharing occurs between Content Each CHOISpad can, through the broadband Providers, Content Aggregator and Network connection, request for latest TV Guides, Operator. Inspite of the full-accountability, the Programme Guides, Preview Books, Metafiles and Cable Operator can now earn much more.other light-weight items. The requests for any video

A fully redundant, low-cost Netway Head-end can content, not present in the cluster, also gets sent

Value added services/VOD (Video on demand)

VI-20

over this connection. All the billing and usage accounting information is sent through this connection. The authentication of CHOISpad, Citizen Card occurs over this connection, as well as the request for keys for decrypting encrypted contents.

Each CHOISpad can be connected to a normal phone instrument, through an RJ-11 socket. The phone now works as a VoIP phone, for PABX type

buildings. Neighboring buildings don't need to have their own CHOIS Shelves. The Access Router in those buildings simply need to be chained to the Access Router in the main building. This way they can all use the common resources in the CHOIS Shelf itself. As the Cluster expands, the performance improves, due to the Peer-to-Peer nature of transfers.

Finally, one fine day, the low-speed broadband access to other phones in the cluster. If the connection can be replaced by the gigabit Netway broadband speed is adequate, the VoIP phone can fibre coming form the Netway Head-end in the city. even allow talking to other Netway phones. Now the entire Local and Global Netway

connected to the Head-end, is available for Peer-to-A Video Camera can be attached to a CHOISpad, Peer transfer. Video-conferencing, video-Mails are using a PVR (Personal Video Recorder) attachment. possible between any CHOISpads within Netway. The output of this camera can be seen

simultaneously from one or more CHOISpads in Once a Netway Cluster is subsumed in the Local the Cluster. Video Conferencing between two Netway itself, the CHOIS Shelf is no longer CHOISpads can occur by equipping each with a needed. The CHOISpads in the CHOISpad Shelf PVR attachment and a Video Camera. Dedicated can now be moved to the Netway Head-end where Video cameras, can be placed in reception, they will supplement the capacity of the Cluster auditorium, and for surveillance needs. Server.

Each CHOISpad in the Shelf is responsible for Thus, with time we will see the small DTH Clusters, Streaming or recording the Channels or VOD sprouting all over the country, expanding and then contents coming from a DTH bouquet. Channels coalescing into bigger clusters and finally merging are streamed as IP Multicast Streams. This way it is into Local Netway itself. Separate DTH Clusters possible for the CHOISpads in the Cluster to be will then remain only in geographically isolated able to see a channel with pause/play while places, where Netway fibre is difficult to reach. simultaneously recording two other channels. 1.4 ConclusionSome of the Shelf CHOISpads are also used for Much like the Qualcomm's famous CDMA network recording of chosen TV programs. These technology, Netway Technology will be licensed to can then be accessed by other CHOISpads, without network operators, who in turn would deploy it requirement of prior time scheduling. using Cable Operators as Franchisees.

Video-on-Demand, will occur for all the titles Using a DTH and Broadband connection, a Netway available within the CHOISpads in the Clusters. Cluster can be initiated in any building or a society. New titles would be added continuously in the Shelf This then can expand till it becomes part of the CHOISpads. Any title which is not available in the local Netway of the city. cluster, can be requested for, and will get delivered

Netway like electricity, is designed to be an in the Shelf CHOISpad as soon as possible, via the

infrastructure, which can enlighten every home, DTH. The titles downloaded will be error-free, as

office and public place. It can allow India to become the correction is done through the broadband

an innovation leader in the world, and transform it connection.

to a Developed Country.1.3.2 Expansion Of Dth ClusterThe Netway Cluster can expand to neighboring

VI-21

ABOUT THE SPEAKER

Mohan Tambe (48) obtained his B.Tech (1980) and M.Tech (1982) degrees from IIT, Kanpur, in the field of Electronics and Computer Science respectively.

He is the inventor of the successful GIST (Graphics & Intelligence based Script Technology) technology, which was funded by DoE (Dept. of Electronics, Govt. of India - now Dept. of Information Technology) in 1983 at IIT, Kanpur. The GIST Technology was transferred by DoE to 10 parties in 1986.

He formed the GIST Group for "Nurturing the Living Languages of the World" at CDAC in 1988. He developed the first commercial ASIC in India, GIST 9000 - for Processing Indian and other complex languages The technology transfer for this was done in 1990 to 25 companies.

Mohan Tambe has invented several technologies, including LIPS (Language Independent Programme Subtitles/Dubbing) which is being used by Doordarshan. The Citizen ID Card Technology, which was successfully transferred to many parties, was used for preparation of voter ID cards.

He has 8 patents relating to GIST technologies when he had been working with C-DAC.

He is the architect of Inscript Keyboard and ISCII Code. This code is now part of BIS Standard (BIS 19134:1991), ISO and UNICODE. This is also used in the Microsoft Windows.

He has given a direction to the Land Records Computerization Mission of India during 1990-1994. Using the GIST technology, it has been possible for the Land Records to be maintained in the local languages.

He founded Innomedia Technologies Private Limited in February, 1996 at Bangalore. He is the Managing Director.

Developed CHOIS (Converged Home & Office Interactive Services) technology in 1997 for ushering Interactive Media services into each home.

During 1997 to 1999, he started CHOIS channel service from eight Cable TV head-ends in Bangalore. During the same time, CHOIS InfoPlay Kiosk and CHIME technology for education were deployed in Bangalore.

Reliance took a major stake in Innomedia in 1999, to enlarge the broadband vision with global outlook.

A unique Hexa-Play set-top-box called CHOISpad was developed. This works as a Video Server/Player with Recording features as well as a VoIP phone.

A unique "Ethernet Everywhere" network, Netway, was developed for providing upto 100 Mbit bandwidth to each CHOISpad. Netway, network is an example, of a disruptive technology, designed completely inhouse, which is ahead of any other network in the world.

Netway network has been operating for last four years in Jamnagar township of Reliance and parts of Bombay and Bangalore, reaching to around 5000 CHOISpads. The user feedback has been overwhelming and the Network has been working reliably, even during the recent Bombay floods.

Today, Netway is poised for a Commercial Launch, all over the country, using a Franchisee model, in which the Cable Operators would be providing the Next Generation Internet services - affordable even in Rural areas.

VI-20

over this connection. All the billing and usage accounting information is sent through this connection. The authentication of CHOISpad, Citizen Card occurs over this connection, as well as the request for keys for decrypting encrypted contents.

Each CHOISpad can be connected to a normal phone instrument, through an RJ-11 socket. The phone now works as a VoIP phone, for PABX type

buildings. Neighboring buildings don't need to have their own CHOIS Shelves. The Access Router in those buildings simply need to be chained to the Access Router in the main building. This way they can all use the common resources in the CHOIS Shelf itself. As the Cluster expands, the performance improves, due to the Peer-to-Peer nature of transfers.

Finally, one fine day, the low-speed broadband access to other phones in the cluster. If the connection can be replaced by the gigabit Netway broadband speed is adequate, the VoIP phone can fibre coming form the Netway Head-end in the city. even allow talking to other Netway phones. Now the entire Local and Global Netway

connected to the Head-end, is available for Peer-to-A Video Camera can be attached to a CHOISpad, Peer transfer. Video-conferencing, video-Mails are using a PVR (Personal Video Recorder) attachment. possible between any CHOISpads within Netway. The output of this camera can be seen

simultaneously from one or more CHOISpads in Once a Netway Cluster is subsumed in the Local the Cluster. Video Conferencing between two Netway itself, the CHOIS Shelf is no longer CHOISpads can occur by equipping each with a needed. The CHOISpads in the CHOISpad Shelf PVR attachment and a Video Camera. Dedicated can now be moved to the Netway Head-end where Video cameras, can be placed in reception, they will supplement the capacity of the Cluster auditorium, and for surveillance needs. Server.

Each CHOISpad in the Shelf is responsible for Thus, with time we will see the small DTH Clusters, Streaming or recording the Channels or VOD sprouting all over the country, expanding and then contents coming from a DTH bouquet. Channels coalescing into bigger clusters and finally merging are streamed as IP Multicast Streams. This way it is into Local Netway itself. Separate DTH Clusters possible for the CHOISpads in the Cluster to be will then remain only in geographically isolated able to see a channel with pause/play while places, where Netway fibre is difficult to reach. simultaneously recording two other channels. 1.4 ConclusionSome of the Shelf CHOISpads are also used for Much like the Qualcomm's famous CDMA network recording of chosen TV programs. These technology, Netway Technology will be licensed to can then be accessed by other CHOISpads, without network operators, who in turn would deploy it requirement of prior time scheduling. using Cable Operators as Franchisees.

Video-on-Demand, will occur for all the titles Using a DTH and Broadband connection, a Netway available within the CHOISpads in the Clusters. Cluster can be initiated in any building or a society. New titles would be added continuously in the Shelf This then can expand till it becomes part of the CHOISpads. Any title which is not available in the local Netway of the city. cluster, can be requested for, and will get delivered

Netway like electricity, is designed to be an in the Shelf CHOISpad as soon as possible, via the

infrastructure, which can enlighten every home, DTH. The titles downloaded will be error-free, as

office and public place. It can allow India to become the correction is done through the broadband

an innovation leader in the world, and transform it connection.

to a Developed Country.1.3.2 Expansion Of Dth ClusterThe Netway Cluster can expand to neighboring

VI-21

ABOUT THE SPEAKER

Mohan Tambe (48) obtained his B.Tech (1980) and M.Tech (1982) degrees from IIT, Kanpur, in the field of Electronics and Computer Science respectively.

He is the inventor of the successful GIST (Graphics & Intelligence based Script Technology) technology, which was funded by DoE (Dept. of Electronics, Govt. of India - now Dept. of Information Technology) in 1983 at IIT, Kanpur. The GIST Technology was transferred by DoE to 10 parties in 1986.

He formed the GIST Group for "Nurturing the Living Languages of the World" at CDAC in 1988. He developed the first commercial ASIC in India, GIST 9000 - for Processing Indian and other complex languages The technology transfer for this was done in 1990 to 25 companies.

Mohan Tambe has invented several technologies, including LIPS (Language Independent Programme Subtitles/Dubbing) which is being used by Doordarshan. The Citizen ID Card Technology, which was successfully transferred to many parties, was used for preparation of voter ID cards.

He has 8 patents relating to GIST technologies when he had been working with C-DAC.

He is the architect of Inscript Keyboard and ISCII Code. This code is now part of BIS Standard (BIS 19134:1991), ISO and UNICODE. This is also used in the Microsoft Windows.

He has given a direction to the Land Records Computerization Mission of India during 1990-1994. Using the GIST technology, it has been possible for the Land Records to be maintained in the local languages.

He founded Innomedia Technologies Private Limited in February, 1996 at Bangalore. He is the Managing Director.

Developed CHOIS (Converged Home & Office Interactive Services) technology in 1997 for ushering Interactive Media services into each home.

During 1997 to 1999, he started CHOIS channel service from eight Cable TV head-ends in Bangalore. During the same time, CHOIS InfoPlay Kiosk and CHIME technology for education were deployed in Bangalore.

Reliance took a major stake in Innomedia in 1999, to enlarge the broadband vision with global outlook.

A unique Hexa-Play set-top-box called CHOISpad was developed. This works as a Video Server/Player with Recording features as well as a VoIP phone.

A unique "Ethernet Everywhere" network, Netway, was developed for providing upto 100 Mbit bandwidth to each CHOISpad. Netway, network is an example, of a disruptive technology, designed completely inhouse, which is ahead of any other network in the world.

Netway network has been operating for last four years in Jamnagar township of Reliance and parts of Bombay and Bangalore, reaching to around 5000 CHOISpads. The user feedback has been overwhelming and the Network has been working reliably, even during the recent Bombay floods.

Today, Netway is poised for a Commercial Launch, all over the country, using a Franchisee model, in which the Cable Operators would be providing the Next Generation Internet services - affordable even in Rural areas.

VI-22 VI-23

Wired v/s Wireless Platform

Abstract

The two main technological trends of today are "Mobile Communication" and "Internet" . Global mobile subscriber growth has been phenomenal from zero levels in 1992 to cross the landlines' billion by 2002 and climb to 2.5 billion by Sept. 2006. The cellular industry took 20 years to reach the 1 billion connections, three years to reach 2 billion connections and is expected to reach its third billion in a period of just two years. According to a report, a quarter of the 484 million new cellular connections established since Sept. 05 are in China and India. Expansion in both the markets is expected to continue in the future. India is already the fifth largest cellular market in the world after China, the USA, Russia and Germany. The net additions per month have exceeded in Indian have already exceeded those in China. DOT has set a target of 250 million subscribers by 2007 and 500 million by 2010. it is thus abundantly clear that it is the mobile segment that has accelerated the growth of tele-density in the past few years and it will continue to be the main engine of development in future. The paper lists the various broadband technology options in the Wireless arena and then goes on to compare these with the wireline technology options. The paper concludes on the premise that wireline and wireless technologies will continue to co-exist as complementing technologies rather than competing technologies with each technology having its strengths as well as weaknesses. The two may finally converge in the NGN environment, thereby providing seamless mobility to the end customer.

Ms. Deepa TyagiDepartment of Telecom, India

He has also designed a unique thumb-operated handy remote (U.S. Patent Pending), which allows easy typing of ASCII, ISCII and many other Language characters. Multiple such remotes can be used simultaneously, for allowing audience participation in a live event.

He has 10 patents relating to CHOIS technologies..

Mohan Tambe was given the Distinguished Alumni Award, by IIT Kanpur in 2002, for his contributions to Indian Language technology.

Mohan Tambe has been pursuing his passion for human mind research, since IIT Kanpur days. His breakthrough research in Human Mind, had been serialized by Computers Today, during 1995-96. He has significant breakthroughs in solving the mysteries of consciousness and thinking. His goal is to make a self-aware machine in the future.

VI-22 VI-23

Wired v/s Wireless Platform

Abstract

The two main technological trends of today are "Mobile Communication" and "Internet" . Global mobile subscriber growth has been phenomenal from zero levels in 1992 to cross the landlines' billion by 2002 and climb to 2.5 billion by Sept. 2006. The cellular industry took 20 years to reach the 1 billion connections, three years to reach 2 billion connections and is expected to reach its third billion in a period of just two years. According to a report, a quarter of the 484 million new cellular connections established since Sept. 05 are in China and India. Expansion in both the markets is expected to continue in the future. India is already the fifth largest cellular market in the world after China, the USA, Russia and Germany. The net additions per month have exceeded in Indian have already exceeded those in China. DOT has set a target of 250 million subscribers by 2007 and 500 million by 2010. it is thus abundantly clear that it is the mobile segment that has accelerated the growth of tele-density in the past few years and it will continue to be the main engine of development in future. The paper lists the various broadband technology options in the Wireless arena and then goes on to compare these with the wireline technology options. The paper concludes on the premise that wireline and wireless technologies will continue to co-exist as complementing technologies rather than competing technologies with each technology having its strengths as well as weaknesses. The two may finally converge in the NGN environment, thereby providing seamless mobility to the end customer.

Ms. Deepa TyagiDepartment of Telecom, India

He has also designed a unique thumb-operated handy remote (U.S. Patent Pending), which allows easy typing of ASCII, ISCII and many other Language characters. Multiple such remotes can be used simultaneously, for allowing audience participation in a live event.

He has 10 patents relating to CHOIS technologies..

Mohan Tambe was given the Distinguished Alumni Award, by IIT Kanpur in 2002, for his contributions to Indian Language technology.

Mohan Tambe has been pursuing his passion for human mind research, since IIT Kanpur days. His breakthrough research in Human Mind, had been serialized by Computers Today, during 1995-96. He has significant breakthroughs in solving the mysteries of consciousness and thinking. His goal is to make a self-aware machine in the future.

VI-24 VI-25

Wired v/s Wireless Platform

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VI-24 VI-25

Wired v/s Wireless Platform

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VI-26 VI-27

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VI-28

ABOUT THE SPEAKER

Deepa Tyagi an engineer from IIT, Roorkee and belonging to the Indian Telecom. Service Batch 1983-, has been in the Department of Telecom for the last 21 years. She worked in MTNL for five years and worked in the Telecom Commission for 6 years before moving to the Telecom Engineering Centre as Director in charge of Data Communication Technologies such as X.25, Frame Relay and ATM. Currently, in her capacity as DDG (M), in Telecom Engineering Centre she is working on the

rdmobile technologies of 3 Generation and beyond. She has been actively involved in the finalization of specifications and validation of Wireless technologies / equipment of BSNL / MTNL. As part of the TEC Focus Group on Next Generation Networks, she is currently involved in the standardization work pertaining to Fixed Mobile Convergence and 4G technologies. She has represented India (DOT) in the study group meetings of ITU-T and ITU-R.

25 26

27 28

Mr. Brijeshwar SinghAll India Radio

Session-7Session-7Panel Discussion

Broadcasting in India - Challenges Ahead

Panelists :

Dr. C. Muralikrishna

Advisor (ICT), Planning Comm.

Mr. L. D. Mandloi

DG, Doordarshan India

Mr. Rajiv Mehrotra

Managing Trustee, PSBT

Mr. Vikram Kaushik

MD & CEO, TataSky

Rajesh Sawhney

President, Reliance Entertainment

VI-28

ABOUT THE SPEAKER

Deepa Tyagi an engineer from IIT, Roorkee and belonging to the Indian Telecom. Service Batch 1983-, has been in the Department of Telecom for the last 21 years. She worked in MTNL for five years and worked in the Telecom Commission for 6 years before moving to the Telecom Engineering Centre as Director in charge of Data Communication Technologies such as X.25, Frame Relay and ATM. Currently, in her capacity as DDG (M), in Telecom Engineering Centre she is working on the

rdmobile technologies of 3 Generation and beyond. She has been actively involved in the finalization of specifications and validation of Wireless technologies / equipment of BSNL / MTNL. As part of the TEC Focus Group on Next Generation Networks, she is currently involved in the standardization work pertaining to Fixed Mobile Convergence and 4G technologies. She has represented India (DOT) in the study group meetings of ITU-T and ITU-R.

25 26

27 28

Mr. Brijeshwar SinghAll India Radio

Session-7Session-7Panel Discussion

Broadcasting in India - Challenges Ahead

Panelists :

Dr. C. Muralikrishna

Advisor (ICT), Planning Comm.

Mr. L. D. Mandloi

DG, Doordarshan India

Mr. Rajiv Mehrotra

Managing Trustee, PSBT

Mr. Vikram Kaushik

MD & CEO, TataSky

Rajesh Sawhney

President, Reliance Entertainment

Mr. Herman GielenRohde & Schwarz, Germany

TutorialsTutorialsAssuring Audio Quality

Abstract

By the turn of the 19th century it became possible to capture and record sound. Since then the number of audio related applications has skyrocketed and many of these applications are nowadays part and parcel of our daily life. The quality of recording, processing and reproduction devices and equipment has also steadily improved over the years and with the digital audio technology and compression techniques introduced over the past 2 decades this quality has reached new heights.

A good example here is the introduction of digital mobile phone technologies like GSM, and CDMA which brought unprecedented speech quality into the world of mobile communication. Digital audio technology was introduced even earlier in professional applications and digital audio consoles, routers and other equipment are now common in recording & broadcasting studios.

However these developments have also brought new challenges for the audio and sound engineer who has to deal with this ever increasing technological complexity. This makes correct and reliable audio and sound measurements a demanding task especially for the newcomer in the field who is often left puzzled with questions like these:

- How does one make correct use of CCIR weighting?

- How do I perform measurements on AES/EBU interfaces in a studio setting?

- What is 3GPP TS26.132 all about?

- When do I need to take psycho-acoustic factors into account?

- How do I display the measurement results in commonly understood form?

No single measurement can assess all quality parameters. This workshop therefore introduces the newcomer to the various analog and digital audio measurements, explains various fundamental measurement aspects like weighting, filtering, scaling and noise in detail but also goes deeper into the world of audio related interfaces.

During the demonstration of a practical test set-up the participants are also encouraged to discuss audio related T&M problems.

Mr. Brijeshwar Singh is the Director General, All India Radio since February 19, 2004. Prior to that he has worked in senior positions in the Government of India at Delhi and also in the Government of Tamil Nadu in Chennai. Mr. Singh has been a participant in All India Radio programmes since 1968 and also been a radio commentator for prestigious events like the Republic Day parade. He has a noted interest in the Indian Classical Music and he also has a long standing association with the Film Society movement. In several of his previous jobs in Government, he was entrusted with media campaigns including the media campaign for the Jawaharlal Nehru Centenary celebrations in 1989. He has a very keen interest in sports and

thplayed a key role in organizing the 9 Asian Games in New Delhi in 1982. Mr. Singh has a Post Graduate Degree in Economics from Delhi School of Economics and another Master's in Economics from Oxford University. Immediately before joining AIR he undertook Economic Analysis for the National Security Council in Delhi. Mr. Singh has also worked for two years with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Mr. Singh is also Vice President of the Commonwealth Broadcasting Association (CBA).

Mr. Brijeshwar SinghAll India Radio

Mr. Herman GielenRohde & Schwarz, Germany

TutorialsTutorialsAssuring Audio Quality

Abstract

By the turn of the 19th century it became possible to capture and record sound. Since then the number of audio related applications has skyrocketed and many of these applications are nowadays part and parcel of our daily life. The quality of recording, processing and reproduction devices and equipment has also steadily improved over the years and with the digital audio technology and compression techniques introduced over the past 2 decades this quality has reached new heights.

A good example here is the introduction of digital mobile phone technologies like GSM, and CDMA which brought unprecedented speech quality into the world of mobile communication. Digital audio technology was introduced even earlier in professional applications and digital audio consoles, routers and other equipment are now common in recording & broadcasting studios.

However these developments have also brought new challenges for the audio and sound engineer who has to deal with this ever increasing technological complexity. This makes correct and reliable audio and sound measurements a demanding task especially for the newcomer in the field who is often left puzzled with questions like these:

- How does one make correct use of CCIR weighting?

- How do I perform measurements on AES/EBU interfaces in a studio setting?

- What is 3GPP TS26.132 all about?

- When do I need to take psycho-acoustic factors into account?

- How do I display the measurement results in commonly understood form?

No single measurement can assess all quality parameters. This workshop therefore introduces the newcomer to the various analog and digital audio measurements, explains various fundamental measurement aspects like weighting, filtering, scaling and noise in detail but also goes deeper into the world of audio related interfaces.

During the demonstration of a practical test set-up the participants are also encouraged to discuss audio related T&M problems.

Mr. Brijeshwar Singh is the Director General, All India Radio since February 19, 2004. Prior to that he has worked in senior positions in the Government of India at Delhi and also in the Government of Tamil Nadu in Chennai. Mr. Singh has been a participant in All India Radio programmes since 1968 and also been a radio commentator for prestigious events like the Republic Day parade. He has a noted interest in the Indian Classical Music and he also has a long standing association with the Film Society movement. In several of his previous jobs in Government, he was entrusted with media campaigns including the media campaign for the Jawaharlal Nehru Centenary celebrations in 1989. He has a very keen interest in sports and

thplayed a key role in organizing the 9 Asian Games in New Delhi in 1982. Mr. Singh has a Post Graduate Degree in Economics from Delhi School of Economics and another Master's in Economics from Oxford University. Immediately before joining AIR he undertook Economic Analysis for the National Security Council in Delhi. Mr. Singh has also worked for two years with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Mr. Singh is also Vice President of the Commonwealth Broadcasting Association (CBA).

Mr. Brijeshwar SinghAll India Radio

Herman Gielen was born in 1962 in Belgium. He received his degree in Computer and Telecommunication Technology in 1984. He has long years of experience in software engineering and programming consultancy. In 2001 he joined Rohde & Schwarz in Singapore as a software and system engineer responsible for the development of new systems for the Asian market. He worked in the application fields of EMC, audio analysis and performance verification of T&M instruments. In April 2006 he joined the Asia/Pacific regional application support team as a senior application engineer, where his main focus of work is on television and broadcast applications.

Mr. Herman GielenRohde & Schwarz, Germany

TutorialsTutorialsAssuring Video Quality

Abstract

By the turn of the 19th century it became possible to capture and record sound. Since then the number of audio related applications has skyrocketed and many of these applications are nowadays part and parcel of our daily life. The quality of recording, processing and reproduction devices and equipment has also steadily improved over the years and with the digital audio technology and compression techniques introduced over the past 2 decades this quality has reached new heights.

A good example here is the introduction of digital mobile phone technologies like GSM, and CDMA which brought unprecedented speech quality into the world of mobile communication. Digital audio technology was introduced even earlier in professional applications and digital audio consoles, routers and other equipment are now common in recording & broadcasting studios.

However these developments have also brought new challenges for the audio and sound engineer who has to deal with this ever increasing technological complexity. This makes correct and reliable audio and sound measurements a demanding task especially for the newcomer in the field who is often left puzzled with questions like these:

- How does one make correct use of CCIR weighting?

- How do I perform measurements on AES/EBU interfaces in a studio setting?

- What is 3GPP TS26.132 all about?

- When do I need to take psycho-acoustic factors into account?

- How do I display the measurement results in commonly understood form?

No single measurement can assess all quality parameters. This workshop therefore introduces the newcomer to the various analog and digital audio measurements, explains various fundamental measurement aspects like weighting, filtering, scaling and noise in detail but also goes deeper into the world of audio related interfaces.

During the demonstration of a practical test set-up the participants are also encouraged to discuss audio related T&M problems.

Mr. R. GaneshTektronix, India

Herman Gielen was born in 1962 in Belgium. He received his degree in Computer and Telecommunication Technology in 1984. He has long years of experience in software engineering and programming consultancy. In 2001 he joined Rohde & Schwarz in Singapore as a software and system engineer responsible for the development of new systems for the Asian market. He worked in the application fields of EMC, audio analysis and performance verification of T&M instruments. In April 2006 he joined the Asia/Pacific regional application support team as a senior application engineer, where his main focus of work is on television and broadcast applications.

Mr. Herman GielenRohde & Schwarz, Germany

TutorialsTutorialsAssuring Video Quality

Abstract

By the turn of the 19th century it became possible to capture and record sound. Since then the number of audio related applications has skyrocketed and many of these applications are nowadays part and parcel of our daily life. The quality of recording, processing and reproduction devices and equipment has also steadily improved over the years and with the digital audio technology and compression techniques introduced over the past 2 decades this quality has reached new heights.

A good example here is the introduction of digital mobile phone technologies like GSM, and CDMA which brought unprecedented speech quality into the world of mobile communication. Digital audio technology was introduced even earlier in professional applications and digital audio consoles, routers and other equipment are now common in recording & broadcasting studios.

However these developments have also brought new challenges for the audio and sound engineer who has to deal with this ever increasing technological complexity. This makes correct and reliable audio and sound measurements a demanding task especially for the newcomer in the field who is often left puzzled with questions like these:

- How does one make correct use of CCIR weighting?

- How do I perform measurements on AES/EBU interfaces in a studio setting?

- What is 3GPP TS26.132 all about?

- When do I need to take psycho-acoustic factors into account?

- How do I display the measurement results in commonly understood form?

No single measurement can assess all quality parameters. This workshop therefore introduces the newcomer to the various analog and digital audio measurements, explains various fundamental measurement aspects like weighting, filtering, scaling and noise in detail but also goes deeper into the world of audio related interfaces.

During the demonstration of a practical test set-up the participants are also encouraged to discuss audio related T&M problems.

Mr. R. GaneshTektronix, India

ABOUT THE SPEAKER

R. Ganesh has been working with Tektronix for over 18 years, with specialization in Test, Measurement and Monitoring industry. Having been trained at Tektronix R&D centers at Beaverton, USA and Cambridge, UK,

He has shared a number of platforms, at various forums in imparting technical know-how to many people till date.

He is a member of Video Business Unit,(Tektronix) Field advisory Board (FAB). Functions of the board member are to advise on strategic, tactical, and operational issues.

He is well versed in Digital Terrestrial Transmission, Cross layer monitoring for DTH platform.MPEG-2, Next generation compression Like MPEG4, H.264 VC1 etc and Base band video like Analog, Serial digital and High Definition Television.

He was earlier involved in imparting training to people on MPEG-2 DVB and ATSC standards (EPG, TELETEXT, DATA BROADCASTING) to industry and to S/W engineer in the field of development of Encoder, Decoder and Set-top box.

He was Worked with Various System Integrator for DSNG Van.

Proof of Concept shown at various Telcos for Video on demand over IP on Broadband network.

He is Presently Team Leader responsible for Sales and Application support

Mr. R. GaneshTektronix, India