Construction System - Report

7/24/2019 Construction System - Report

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Construction

SystemDONE BY:

EMAD ALSHOORA 20112221008 SAJA HAMAD 2011022103

SALMA A!ALBEH 2011222108" #ASCAL MARJ$ 201102210



$NDE%1&$nter'r(te) Bui*)in' )esi'n 1&1 +orms o, inte'r(tion 1&2 O-.ecti/e 1&3 Comonents2&Sust(in(-i*ity in Arcitecture

2&1 En/ironment(* Sust(in(-i*ity 2&1&1 Ener'y

2&1&1&( Consumtion2&1&1&- Re)uction

2&1&1&c #ro)uction 2&1&2 !(ter 2&1&3 M(teri(* (n) Resources



$NDE% 2&1&" $n)oor Air u(*ity $A4 2&1&5 Minimum $m(ct on En/ironment 2&2 Soci(* Sust(in(-i*ity 2&3 Economic(* Sust(in(-i*ity3&Construction Systems

3&1 $ntro)uction to Systems 3&2 !(**s

3&2&1 $ntro)uction3&2&2 Sin'*e !(**s System

3&2&2&( Concrete3&2&2&- M(sonry

3&2&2&c im-er



$NDE% 3&2&2&) 6*(ss 3&2&2&e Met(*

3&2&2&, #*(stic 3&2&3Comosite !(** Systems 3&2&3&1 $ntro)uction 3&2&3&2 C(st Stu)y $ 3&2&3&2 C(st Stu)y $$

3&3 Roo,s 3&3&1 $ntro)uction to Roo,s 3&3&2 Roo,s 3&3&2&( De7nition

3&3&2&- yes o, Roo,s 3&3&2&-&1 Concrete

3&3&2&-&2 im-er 3&3&2&-&3 6*(ss



$NDE%

3&3&3 Se**s 3&3&" Cei*in's 3&" +*oors 3&"&1 $ntro)uction to +*oors

3&"&2 +*oor yes 3&"&2&( Concrete oors 3&"&2&- im-er 3&"&2&c 6*(ss

3&"&2&) Stee* 3&"&3 Comosite +*oor Systems

3&3&2&-&" Met(*3&3&2&-&5 #*(stic3&3&2&-&9 +(-ric



$NDE% "&2 Ener'y Sust(in(-i*ity "&2&1 Ener'yy #ro)uction "&2&1&( So*(r #(ne*s "&2&1&- !in) ur-ines "&1&2 Ener'y Re)uction "&2&2&( #(ssi/e e(tin'

"&2&1&(&1 Direct 6(in

"&2&1&(&2 $n)irect 6(in "&2&1&(&3 Roo, #on) "&2&1&(&" $so*(te) 6(in "&2&2&- #(ssi/e Coo*in' "&2&1&-&1 :enti*(tion "&2&1&-&2 S()in'



"&2&1&-& 3 E/(or(tion Coo*in' "&2&1&-&" So(r Cimney "&2&1&-&5 E(rt Air unne*

"&3 $A



$NROD;C$ON O $BD $nte'r(te) -ui*)in' )esi'n



$NE6RAED B;$LD$N6 DES$

e i)e( o, inte'r(tion<1& #ysic(* inte'r(tion4< =en -ui*)in's systems s(re ysic(* s(ce

2& :isu(* inte'r(tion4< (estetic (rr(n'ement Co*or> si@e> s(e> (n) *(ce

3& #er,orm(nce inte'r(tion4< o/er*(in' te ,unctions&

$NE6RAED B;$LD$N6 DES$6N



O-.ecti/es1& Accessi-*e< nee)s o, )is(-*e) eo*e&

2.Aestetics.

3.Cost Eecti/e.

4.+unction(*Oer(tion(*.

5.Historic #reser/(tion.9&#ro)ucti/e< (ir )istri-ution> *i'tin'>=ors(ces> systems> (n) tecno*o'y&

7.SecureS(,e.

8.Sust(in(-*e.




Comonents< e inte'r(te) te(m rocess:

1& e O=ners Reresent(ti/e

2& e Construction M(n('er

3& e Arcitect

"& e Ci/i* En'ineer

5& e L(n)sc(e Arcitect

9& Consu*tin' Structur(*> Mec(nic(*> (n)E*ectric(* En'ineers&

& Seci(*i@e) Consu*t(nts


e inte'r(te) )esi'n rocess:

1.#re(r(tion

2.+in(* im*ement(tion

Are( reFuirements (n) -u)'et((r(meters

4.Scem(tic )esi'n

5.Desi'n )e/e*oment

6.Contr(ct )ocuments

7.Construction (se



$NROD;C$ON OSust(in(-i*ity Sust(in(-*e Arcitecture



Sust(in(-*eArcitecture Sust(in(-*e Arcitecture $n/o*/e<

En/ironment(*issues

Soci(*$ssues

Economic(*

$ssues



Sust(in(-*e ArcitectureGEn/ironment(* Issues

En/ironment(* $ssues $n/o*/e<Ener'y

!(ter

M(teri(*s An) resources

$n)oor en/ironment(* Fu(*ity $E4

Minimi@e te im(ct on surroun)in' en/ironments



Sust(in(-*e ArcitectureGEn/ironment(* Issues

Ener'y

Ener'y

Str(te'ies

Consumtion

#ro)uction

Re)uction



Sust(in(-*e ArcitectureGEn/ironment(* Issues Ener'y Ener'y Consumtion

Amount o, ener'y consume) in ( rocess or system> or -y (n or'society&Most o, ener'y consumtion is c(se) o, H:AC



Sust(in(-*e ArcitectureGEn/ironment(* Issues Ener'y Ener'y #ro)uction

$s o= c(n =e use rene=(-*e resources to 'ener(te ener'y tote -ui*)in'



Sust(in(-*e ArcitectureGEn/ironment(* Issues Ener'y Ener'y Re)uction

$s o= c(n re)uce our ener'y consumtion -y usin' Curtinsystems suc (s<

#(ssi/e Desi'n Systems Acti/e Desi'n SystemActi/e so*(r systems use eIternener'y to o=er -*o=ers> umo, eFuiment to co**ect> store (n

ener'y& Once ener'y ,rom te sstore) ,or *(ter use& Sm(** syste,urnis e*ectricity ,or e(tin' (nin omes (n) oter -ui*)in's

A (ssi/e so*(r system )oes not in/o*/emec(nic(* )e/ices or te use o, con/ention(*ener'y sources



Sust(in(-*e ArcitectureGEn/ironment(* Issues !(ter

!en =e t(* (-out =(ter> =e must t(e c(re (-outtese issues<

o $n)oor =(tero Out)oor =(teroR(in =(ter (r/estin'



Sust(in(-*e ArcitectureGEn/ironment(* Issues M(teri(*s (n) resources

•Loc(* M(teri(*s•Less em-o)ie) ener'y m(teri(*s•ReG;se (n) ReGCyc*e•Lo= m(inten(nce m(teri(*s

M(teri(*sResource Eciency c(n -e(ccom*ise) -y uti*i@in'm(teri(*s t(t meet te,o**o=in' criteri(<



Sust(in(-*e ArcitectureGEn/ironment(* Issues $n)oor (ir Fu(*ity$n)oor en/ironment(* Fu(*ity $E4 re,ers to te Fu(*ity o, ( -ui*)in'Ks en/re*(tion to te e(*t (n) =e**-ein' o, tose =o occuy s(ce =itin it& $E)etermine) -y m(ny ,(ctors> inc*u)in'<

:isu(* Com,ort$n)oor u(*ity erm(* Com,ortAcoustic(* Com,ortS(ti(* Com,ort

:isu(* Com,ort

=o m(in ,(ctor t(t )eterminete /isu(* Com,ort (re Lighting(n) views

$n)oor u(*ity

;su(**y in)oor (ir Fu(*ityro-*ems on*y c(use)iscom,ort& Most eo*e ,ee*-etter (s soon (s teyremo/e te source o, teo**ution& Ho=e/er> someo**ut(nts c(n c(use )ise(sest(t so= u muc *(ter> suc

(s resir(tory )ise(ses orc(ncer

erm(* Com

So te term t( ersonKs syc(n) is usu(**y r=eter someotoo co*)&



Sust(in(-*e ArcitectureGEn/ironment(* Issues Minimi@e te im(ct o, surroun)in' en/ironments

#ro)uce Less #

Bui*) on Bro=n

Reno/(te EIist

;se EIistin' $n,Minimum ,oot

;se S(ce !ise

HOW?

Minimi@e ,oot rint

# o * * u t i o n



Sust(in(-*e ArcitectureG SocialIssues

E)uc(te Occu(nts

Encour('e MiIesGuse) De/e*oment

#reser/e ;r-(n Centers

:(ry r(nsort(tion otions

Desi'n ;r-(n #u-*ic s(ces

Cre(te ( nei'

#rotect En/iron

Conser/e L(n)

A)(ti/e reuse

Desi'n ,or )ur

6reen Bui*)in's Nee) 6reen

Occu(nts

Social

Issues



Sust(in(-*e ArcitectureG EconomIssues

Acie/in' (**most mentione) in re/ious s*i)es =i** -ooeconomic(* 'ro=t Cre(tin' Ne= .o-s

En(ncin' ne= tecno*o'y

Less Notion(*



Construction Syste



Construction System Intro)uction-

Denition: e com-in(tions o, o-.ects (n) m(teri(*s use) to -ui*) te m(in e

our Bui*)in's roo,> =(**s (n) oor (re re,erre) to (s construction systems& m(ny (n) /(rie)> (n) e(c (s ()/(nt('es (n) )is()/(nt('es )een)in' on c*)ist(nce ,rom source o, su*y> -u)'et> m(inten(nce reFuirements (n) )esire) (e(r(nce.

$mort(nt ,(ctors inuencin' te se*ection o, constructionsystems (re<

ro*e in imro/in' term(* er,orm(nce )ur(-i*ity com(re) to inten)e) *i,e s(n *i,e cyc*e cost eecti/eness *i,e cyc*e ener'y consumtion source (n) en/ironment(* im(ct o, (** comonent m(teri(*s (n) rocesses

(/(i*(-i*ity o, si**s m(inten(nce reFu ()(t(-i*ity (n) re )ist(nces (n) tr(n comonents (n) s



Construction System Intro)uction-

Construction systemcomonents

!(**s Roo, s +*oors



Construction System intro!uction-

te i)e( o, 'rouin' construction systems -y te m(teri(* use) r(ter t,unction> =ic is one o, te most =i)e*y use) constructionG-(se) c*(ssystems& e m(teri(*sG-(se) (ro(c seci7c to tis )issection (**o=)r(= (r(**e*s -et=een -ui*)in' systems t(t (re -(se) on te s(me m(teri(*> since te )e/e*oment (n) use o, tose systems is in,orme) ysic(* roerties seci7c to e(c m(teri(* (n) te =(y te m(teri(* i

$)e( o, C*(ssi7c(tion construction system comonents



Construction System intro!uction-

C*(ssi7c(tion o, construction system comonents

ConstructionS"stem

WallsConcrete !(**s

im-er!(**s

6*(ss!(**s

Met(*!(**s

#oofsConcrete Roo,s

im-erRoo,s

6*(ssRoo,s

Met(*Roo,s

$loorsComosite +*oors

im-er+*oors

6*(ss+*oors

Stee*+*oors



Construction System Wa!(**s An) En/e*oe Systems



Construction System Wa-

C*(ssi7c(tion o, !(** System<

A wall is ( continuous /ertic(* so*i) structure o, -ric> stone>

tim-er or met(*> =ic enc*oses ( -ui*)in' or ser/es to )i/i)einto com(rtments (n) rooms& ey c(n -e c*(ssi7e) (s *o()non *o() -e(rin' (n) eItern(* intern(*



!(**s

Sin'*e !(**s System$n tis c(ter =e =i** )iscuss te =(**s (s ( sin'*e =(** sin'*e *(yerG> -ut itA*so c(**e) ( system -ec(use tis *(yer concrete cont(in oterse/er(* *(yers concrete *(yer> term(* insu*(tion> =(ter roo, *(yer&

Comosite =(**s system$n tis c(ter =e =i** )iscuss te =(**s (s comosite =(**s t(tcont(in se/er(* *(yers o, sin'*e =(**s to (cie/e te concet o,inte'r(tion&



W(**s Sin'*e =(**s System



Construction S stem Walls G Sin *e !(**s

•C(st in *(ce•#rec(st concrete(ne*s

•Stren't•Lo= m(inten(nce•+ireGresist(nce•EIce**ent term(* m(ss

Be(rin' (n) non-e(rin' =(**

•Lo() -e(rin' =(**s•C(/ity =(**s•

C*())in' (tt(ce) to( -(cin' =(**

•:(riety•See) o, inst(**(tion•

Lo= m(inten(nce cost

!ei't Be(rin'=(**s> ensi*e (n)

*(ter(* stren't tostructures

• im-er C*())in' •:(riety•E(sy to inst(**•Aestetic(*

$tKs on*y c*())in'(n) suorte) -y,r(me structure

•Stic 6*(@in'•-o*t 7Ie) '*(@in'•

;niti@e) 6*(@in'

•Cost eecti/e*y•N(tur(* *i't•

S()e (n) s()o=

Curt(innonstructur(*

=(**s•R(in screens•Comosite (ne*s•ro7*e) met(*

•=(terroo,•Dur(-i*ity•=(ter ti'tness

Nonstructur(*> se*,suortin'

•se(*e) (ne*s•R(in screens

•Li't =ei't•R(n'e co*or,u* se*ection•Recyc*(-*e•E(sy (n)*in'

$tKs on*y c*())in'(n) suorte) -y,r(me structure

C*ic on te =(** c



!(**s Sin'*e !(**s Concrete

$t is e(sy to o/er*oo te use o, concrete in society& Concrete *(ys ( /it(* (rt in*i/es (n) in ( ,unctionin' society& $ts -ene7ts to society (re immense> -ein' usescoo*s> osit(*s> ((rtment -*ocs> -ri)'es> tunne*s> )(ms> se=er('e systemsrun=(ys> ro()s (n) more&



!(**s Sin'*e !(**s Concrete concrete is in ,(ct te most use) m(nGm()e m(teri(* in te =or*)> & No

oter m(teri(*s c(n re*(ce concrete in terms o, eecti/eness> rice (ner,orm(nce ,or most uroses

•Stren't (n) Dur(-i*ity•:ers(ti*ity•Lo= m(inten(nce•Aor)(-i*ity•+ireGresist(nce•Re*(ti/e*y *o= emissions o, CO2

yes o, Concrete

•Ener'y eciency in ro)uction•EIce**ent term(* m(ss•Loc(**y ro)uce) (n) use)•A*-e)o eect

A)/(nt('es o, concrete =(**s•C(st in *(ce•#rec(st concrete

C(st $n *(ce



C(st $n *(ce

!(**s Sin'*e !(**s Concrete !(**s

#oure) in *(ce into mou*)s r(ter t(n -ein' m(nu,(cture) (s st(n)(r) s

Concrete is )een)ent on te ,orm=or in =ic te concrete is cost

Co*or o, concrete is )etermine) -y te coice o, cement 'rey cement or=ite cement 4

+orm=or is imrison or mirror im('e o, te 7n(* concrete

in c(st in *(ce 4 concrete is (*=(ys -e(rin'

+(ctors (ect te co*or o, concrete• e co*or o, cement• =(tercement r(tio• =e(ter• ,orm=or striin' time

C(st $n *(ce



C(st $n *(ce


C(st $n *(ce



C(st $n *(ce


•#rec(st concrete



ec(s co c e e(ne*s


#rec(st concrete is ( construction ro)uct ro)uce) -y c(stin' concrete inreus(-*e mo*) or P,ormP =ic is ten cure) in ( contro**e) en/ironment> tte construction site (n) *i,te) into *(ce

•#rec(st concrete



(ne*s




!(**s Sin'*e !(**s M(sonry !

M(sonry



+unctions (n) A)/(nt('es

Dur(-i*ity =it=ei't

Continuous insu

Lo= m(inten(

cost

See) o, inst(**

co*or (n) 7noortun

A)/(nt('es+unctions

Ret(inin' =(**s (n)-ui*)in's

!ei'tG-e(rin' or( /eneer

Li't tr(ns/erse

*o()in' ensi*e (n) *(ter(* stren't to

structures

M(sonry



+unction

1& M(sonry is common*y use) ,or te =(**so, -ui*)in's> ret(inin' =(**s (n)-ui*)in's&

2& m(y -e eiter =ei'tG-e(rin' or( /eneer&

3& 're(t comressi/e stren't> (n) -estsuite) to structures =it *i'ttr(ns/erse *o()in' =en te coresrem(in un7**e)&

"& +i**in' some or (** o, te cores =itconcrete or concrete =it stee*rein,orcement oers muc 're(tertensi*e (n) *(ter(* stren't to

structures&

1& oer te )ur(-i*ity o, ( m(son=itout te =ei't

2& Continuous insu*(tion out-o(r=(** system incre(ses te teo, te -ui*)in' en/e*oe&

3& Lo= m(inten(nce cost &

"& Re*(cement o, ( (ne* )oes entire st(ce) -on) to -e rem

5& See) o, inst(**(tion&

9& A-un)(nt ro7*e> co*or (n) 7(/(i*(-*e&

A)/(nt('es<



yes

M(sonry !(**s

C*())in' (tt-(cin' =(**C(/ity =(**sLo()G-e(rin' =(**s

M(sonry

Bric

Stone

Concrete -*oc



Lo()-e(rin' !(**s< Bric

M(sonry !(**s Lo()-e(rin' =(**s

E(c course is *(i) in ( =(y t(t is )ierent,rom te course -e*o=> in or)er to ensuret(t .oints -et=een -rics (re st(''ere)/ertic(**y&

is ensures t(t te =(** -e(/es

structur(**y (s ( omo'enous construction=it )iscontinuous .oints& t(t =ou*)=e(en it structur(**y4



Lo()-e(rin' !(**s< Bric$n m(sonry *o()-e(rin' construction> ( com*ete =(** is -on)e) to'eter to

sin'*e structure&

E(c course is oset ,rom te one -e*o= to (/oi) ( continuity o, /ertic(* .oin=ou*) =e(en it structur(**y&

$n te ori@ont(* .oints> -on)s in (** *o()-e(rin' m(teri(*s (/e ( continuououtsi)e to insi)e> =ic re)uces its resist(nce to =(ter enetr(tion&

r()ition(**y> tis is o/ercome -y m(in' te =(** sucient*y )ee to (/oi) o, =(ter trou' te ticness o, te =(**&

$n contemor(ry construction> ( /(or -(rrier is usu(**y ())e) to te insi)e=(** is )ry *ine)> or te =(** is ,(ce) intern(**y =it ( =(terroo, ren)er to emoisture )oes not enetr(te te .oint


:ertic(* sections !in)o= oenin'



:ertic(* sections< !in)o= oenin' restr(intsuort (t oor (n) roo, *


:ertic(* sections< !in)o= oenin'



:ertic(* sections< !in)o= oenin' restr(intsuort (t oor (n) roo, *




Hori@ont(* sections

: ti * ti !i ) i )



:ertic(* sections< !in)o= oenin' (n)'roun) *e/e* .unction stone (n) -*oc




EI(m*e B*ueco(t Art 6(**ery& Li/eroo*> ;Q

Arcitect B$ Arcitects




C(/ity =(**s c(/ity =(**s use t=o sins o, -ric=or se(r(te) -y (

/enti*(te) (ir '(& e inner sin is incre(sin'*y ,orme)in concrete -*oc& o**o= terr(cott( -*oc or tim-erstu)=or& erm(* insu*(tion is usu(**y set on teeItern(* ,(ce o, te inner sin in or)er t o ee te-ui*)in' structure insu*(te)&

M(sonry !(**s C(/ity =(**s



A)/(nt('es Bric c(/ity =(**s (/e te ()/(nt('e o, ro/i)in' ( c(/ity =itin

o, ( =(** ,or )r(in('e o, r(in=(ter -e,ore it is (**o=e) to -e (-sor-einto te =(** construction&

c(/ity =(**s use t=o sins o, -ric=or se(r(te) -y ( /enti*(te) ( e inner sin is incre(sin'*y ,orme) in concrete -*oc& o**o= terr(-*oc or tim-er stu)=or& erm(* insu*(tion is usu(**y set on te e,(ce o, te inner sin in or)er t o ee te -ui*)in' structure insu*(



3D /ie= (n) eI(m*e

!oo)=(r) #*(ce ousin'> Ne= $s*inM(ncester& Arcitect< +A

M(sonry !(**s C(/ity =(**s



C*())in'

M(sonry !(**s C*())in' =(**s

1& Stone (ne*&2& B(cin' =(**&3& insu*(tion

err(cott( r(in scree

EI(m*es o, terr(cott( r(in screen



EI(m*es o, terr(cott( r(in screen7Iin' meto)s

M(sonry !(**s C*())in' =(**s



err(cott( r(in screenHo**o= terr(cott( sections (re rein,orce) =it (*uminum sections s

tem to ,orm *ou/ere) screens t(t c(n m(tc =it ().(cent (re(s c*())in'&

err(cott( is 7Ie) eiter on r(i*s> into (*uminum or st(in*ess stee* on in)i/i)u(* -r(cets *ie m(sonry c*())in' =it conce(*e) 7Iin's

err(cott( (s -een )e/e*oe) ,or use in r(in screens -ot ,rom -u-*ocs (n) -rics> (s use) in *o()-e(rin' m(sonry construction> (n

)ecor(ti/e ti*es> =ere m(ny o, te '*(@e) 7nises (re )eri/e)&



D /ie= o, terr(cott( r(in screen (ssem-*y> un' ,romin)i/i)u(* (*uminum c*is (n) ori@ont(**yGset suo



:ertic(* sections

D /ie= o, terr(cott( r(in screen 7Ie) =



D /ie= o, terr(cott( r(in screen 7Ie) =in)i/i)u(* c*is to /ertic(**yGset suor



EI(m*es Be(u,ort

Court >Lon)on> ;Q&Arcitect+ei*)enC*e''Br()*eyArcitects

M(sonry !(**s C*())in' =(**s



!(**s Sin'*e !(**s im-er !

im-er c*())in' is ( m(teri(* t(t is -ecomin' more ou*(r*y use)eIterior o, -ui*)in's )ue to its -e(uty& Ho=e/er> tim-er c*())in' no-e(uti,u*> itKs r(ctic(* (n) usin' it on your ome me(ns t(t youK** t(e ()/(nt('es o, (** in)s o, -ene7ts&



!(**s Sin'*e !(**s im-er ! im-er =(**s is )e7ne) (s ( m(teri(* t(t c(n -e (Ie) to te eIterior-ui*)in' in or)er to ro/i)e ( )ecor(ti/e (n) ,unction(* 7nis& $n tis c(c*())in' is m()e ,rom tim-er& im-er c*())in' 'ener(**y comes in -o(r(re *on' (n) n(rro= (n) t(t (re o/er*(e)& Ho=e/er> it c(n (*so comsin'*e or (ne* ,orms& $t c(n -e inst(**e) ori@ont(**y te most ou*(/ertic(**y> or e/en )i('on(**y> )een)in' on te *oo t(t you (re tryin'(cie/e

$tKs ( *i't=ei't m(teri(* oerin' rotecti/e(n) )ecor(ti/e )esi'n ,unctions

Dry inst(**(tion me(ns eItern(* en/e*oe isFuicer to inst(**

!i)e coice o, so,t=oo)s> (r)=oo)s (n)mo)i7e) =oo)s to suite (** -u)'ets&

Lo= c(r-on ,ootrint G reFto ro)uce t(n (ny oter

m(teri(*

M(.or otenti(* ,or reGuse o, *i,e

A)/(nt('es o, im-er =(**s

• im-er =(**s



! ** Si * ! ** im-er !(**s

• im-er =(**s



! ** Si * ! ** im-er !(**s

! ** Si * ! **



!(**s Sin'*e !(**s Met(* !(

! ** Si * ! **



!(**s Sin'*e !(**s Met(* !(*•Met(* =(** -ein' use) ,rom ( m(teri(* ,u**y suorte) on ( suuse (s ( se*,Gsuortin' m(teri(* &

+unction <siin' cont(iner r(ter t(n -ui*)in's &Oce -ui*)in's sort ,(ci*ities*(r'e sin'*e storey -ui*)in's• ,(ctories =(reouses 4

()/(nt('es <1G =(terroo,2G )ur(-i*ity3G insu*(tion roerties"G =(ter ti'tness



yes

m(teri(*s < cooer (n) @incG economy (n) )e(*in' =itcom*eI or cur/e) 'eometryG c(n -e m()e onGsite oGsite &

1G R(in screens <

A muc =i)er r(n'e o,m(teri(*s is use) inr(inscreens t(n =(s in c(se

7/e ye(rs ('o &

Det(i*s 7'ur$& B(cin' =(** or struc



'suortin' r(in screen2&Suort ,r(me3&Suort -r(cet"&Met(* r(in screen (9&C*ose) ce** term(* i10&!in)o= ,r(me inse-(cin' =(** or structu$ $& !in)o= ce**12& #resse) met(* co

Det(i*s 7'u$& B(cin' =(** or strusuortin' r(in screen2&Suort ,r(me3&Suort -r(cet"&Met(* r(in screen (5 & Oen .oint9&C*ose) ce** term(*

&!(terroo, mem-r(8& +inis to inner =(**& Roo, 7nis10&!in)o= ,r(me inse-(cin' =(** or struct$ $& !in)o= ce**12& #resse) met(* co13&Continuity o, =(teo, =(** (n) roo,

+i'ure 1 +i'ure 2

More in,orm(tion (-out <



B(cin' =(** <

G concrete -*ocsG term(* insu*(tion is usu(**y set on te outsi)e ,(ceG =(terroo, *(yer

construction seFuences <G e /(rious e*ements o, -(cin' =(**s > =in)o=s > term(*insu*(tion > =(terroo7n' *(yer (n) r(inGscreen (ne* (re -ro

to'eter &Geconomic &

!in)o=s (n) )oor oenin's <G=in)o=s (n) )oo oenin's set into (n oenin' -e,ore te r(screen (ne*s (re set

More in,orm(tion (-out <

2-Comosite (ne*s:



2Comosite (ne*s:

GHori@ont(* set (ne*sG :ertic(* set (ne*sG A))ition(* suort isnee)e) to ,r(me teoenin'G suortin' structure)esi'ne) to -e seen!in)o=s (n) )oor

oenin's<

1G seci(* re/e(* (ne* t(tinter*ocs =it tecomosite (ne*s &2G use) met(* seet to ,orm( re/e(* &

3D construction(* 7'ure



Det(i*s$& Comosite (ne*2&#(ne* 7Iin' to rim(ry orsecon)(rystructur(* stee*=or8& $nter*ocin' 7Iin'15& Stee* co*umn

3D construction(* 7'ure



3-ro7*e) met(* :

$t c(n -e e(si*yinte'r(te) =it (simi*(r system use),or c*())in' te roo, & sm(** (re(s o, roo,c(n -e e(si*y(ccommo)(te) (s

stes =itin te,(c()es =it sim*e .unctions -et=een/ertic(* (n) s(**o=itc roo,s & nee)s nosuortin' > tis

i



Det(i*s$& Co/er stri ro7*e2& Hori@ont(**y 7Ie) ro7*e) seetc(n (*so -e/ertic(**y 7Ie)4

9& B(cin' =(**& tyic(**ytim-ermet(* ,r(me =it*y=oo) ,(cin' (n) =(terroo,

mem-r(ne> orconcrete -*oc

10& 6roun) s*(-

3D construction(*7'ure

!(**s Sin'*e !(**s #* ti !



!(**s Sin'*e !(**s #*(stic !(

+unction <use) ,or -ot se(*e) c*())in' (n) r(inGscreenG =in)o=s ,r(mes (n) =e(ter -ro()in'

#S << #:C use) in *(stic -(se) c*())in' &

M(teri(* <resinous > o*ymerG-(se) m(teri(*s &

A)/(nt('es < i' tensi*e > se(r (n) comressi/e stren'tcom-ine) =it *i'tness (n) resist(nce tocorrosion & 6R# tyes c(n re(c one our 7re resist(nce & e ro)uction o, 6R# is economic reFuirin'neiter i' temer(ture ,or m(nu,(cture > noreIensi/e eFuiment &Gtou' m(teri(* > -ut eIi-*e &



yes1G se(*e) (ne*s <

6R# (ne*s

itKs ( comosite m(teri(*m()e ,romtermosettin' o*yesterresins& is comosite

m(teri(* (s i' tensi*e> se(r (n) comressi/estren't com-ine) =it*i'tness (n) resist(nceto corrosion

Cinem( >Rotter)(m> Ho**(n) Arcite

$ t i i , **



Det(i*s <

1G 6R# or ;#:C r(inscreen (ne*s3G suort r(i*

"G term(* insu*(tion8G met(* (r(etcoin' &

$sometric /ie= o, =(**(ssem-*y

*#o*yc(r-on(te c*())in'



*#o*yc(r-on(te c*())in'

#o*yc(r-on(te is (termo*(stic > t(t is > itme*ts (t i'temer(tures &$t is use) in c*())in' ,orits tr(ns*ucency (n)

tr(ns(rency eseci(**y=ere its i' term(*insu*(tion /(*ues (renee)e)



Det(i*s <

2G term(* -(c3G suortin' structure"G 6R# c*())in' (ne* insu*(te)G ru--er -(se) or si*icon -(se)se(*G met(* co/er stri &

2-R(in screens



2R(in screens

+*(t o*yc(r-on(te seetG e cost is muc *o=er t(n '*(ssGe m(teri(* is muc *i'ter t(n '*(ss &

Mu*tiG =(** o*yc(r-on(te seet:

G e (-i*ity to ro/i)e *(r'e > (t (ne*sr(ter t(n itKs i' *e/e* o, term(*insu*(tion &G *(r'e ,orm(t seetG;: rotection outsi)e or -ot si)e 4

Reiss store> Lon)on> ;Q& Arci

#ro7*e) o*yc(r-on(te seet



#ro7*e) o*yc(r-on(te seet#ro/i)e tr(ns(rent resin =it (roun) 0U *i'ttr(nsmission &

G o m(tc stee* (n) (*uminum seetin'G #ro/i)e )(y*i't in roo,s (n) =(**s &G Cur/e) or @i'@(' &G Economic roo7n' m(teri(*s &G Hi' resist(nce ,or =e(ter &G Li'tness in =ei't &

#*(stic comosite (t (ne*sGR(in screens (ne*s ,orme) in tis m(teri(* (re /eryresist(nt to te *on' term eects o, =e(ter &G Hi' ;: resist(nceG Hi' 7re resist(nceG+*eIi-i*ity )urin' construction



;#:C Bo(r)s c*())in':G Su-stitute ,or tim-er c*())in' &G Lo= m(inten(nce &G e suortin' =(** is tim-er ,r(me) &G i' *e/e* o, term(* insu*(tion &

;#:C =in-;se) ,or =in)o=sG C(n -e eItru)e) com*eI (n) (ccusections t(t c(n -(reci(-*y more et(n tose in (*um

G Corners o, ,r(me-on)e) to'eter tcorrosion &

G Hi' cr(c resist(

6R# (ne*s:

G e (-i*ity to -e mou*)e) e(si*y (n) economic(**y &

!(**s Sin'*e !(**s 6*(ss !(



!(**s Sin'*e !(**s 6*(ss !(

A &lass wall system is (n outer co/erin' o, ( -ui*)in' inouter =(**s (re nonGstructur(*> -ut mere*y ee te =e(tte occu(nts in&

!(**s Sin'*e !(**s 6*(ss !(



!(**s Sin'*e !(**s 6*(ss !(A)/(nt('es O, 6*(ss !(**s

6*(ss is *i't=ei't m(teri(* so itKs re)ucin'

construction costs&

!en '*(ss is use) (s te curt(in =(**> ('re(t ()/(nt('e is t(t n(tur(* *i't

#ro/i)e s()e (n) s()o= insi)e te-ui*)in'

re(ts =en usin' 6*

(r(meters o, 6*(ss =(*so*(r '(in contro* suc (scom,ort (n) /isu(* com,o)icu*t to contro* =en u'*(@e) curt(in =(**s

6*(ss =(**s (re nee) ,or

m(inten(ncereFuire ( 're(t )e(* o, ti

yes O, 6*(ss !(**sStic 6*(@in'-o*t 7Ie)'*(@in';niti@e)

Stic 6*(@in' e /(st m(.ority o, 6*(ss =(**s (re inst(**e) *on' ieces re,erre) to (s sticoors /ertic(**y (n) -et=een /ertic(* mem-ers ori@ont(**y& +r(min' mem-



y y ',(-ric(te) in ( so> -ut (** inst(**(tion (n) '*(@in' is tyic(**y er,orme) (

!(**s Sin'*e !(**s 6*(ss !(**s

Stic 6*(@in'



!(**s Sin'*e !(**s 6*(ss !(**s

Stic's S"stem

Stic 6*(@in'



!(**s Sin'*e !(**s 6*(ss !(**s

-o*t 7Ie) '*(@in'-o*t 7Ie) '*(@in' is use) ,or its (-i*ity to ro/i)e tr(ns(rency> -ut usu(**y =itin te '*(ss r(ter t(n (t teir e)'es



' '

!(**s Sin'*e !(**s 6*(ss !(**s

-o*t 7Ie) '*(@in'



!(**s Sin'*e !(**s 6*(ss !(**s

-o*t 7Ie) '*(@in'



!(**s Sin'*e !(**s 6*(ss !(**s

;niti@e) 6*(@in';niti@e) '*(@in' is essenti(**y ( meto) o, usin' re,(-ric(te) (ne*s =ic (re site to ,orm ( com*ete '*(@e) =(**& Lie stic '*(@in'> uniti@e) '*(@in' uses (*umsuort te '*(@in'> -ut =ere stic '*(@in' is secure) to ( continuous suortin



suort te '*(@in'> -ut =ere stic '*(@in' is secure) to ( continuous suortin=ic is 7Ie) on sit e> uniti@e) '*(@in' is ut to'eter in te ,(ctory& #(ne*s (re (n) *i,te) into *(ce (n) set neIt to one (noter

!(**s Sin'*e !(**s 6*(ss !(**s

;niti@e) 6*(@in'



!(**s Sin'*e !(**s 6*(ss !(**s

!(**s Comosite =(**s



!(**s Comosite =(**s You c(n )esi'n your o=n comosite =(**s> tere is no st(n)(r) or secie cto te comosite =(**s you )esi'n te =(** t(t m(e you (cie/e te inte



to te comosite =(**s> you )esi'n te =(** t(t m(e you (cie/e te inteen/e*oe system& $n tis c(ter =e =i** (n(*y@e some c(ses t(t comosi=ere eecti/e (rt o, -ui*)in' )esi'n&

6ui)e*ines to )esi'n inte'r(te) comosite =(**s (n)en/e*oe System<#reGDesi'n stu)ies DES$6N must MA$NENA

E*ements o, Comosite =(**s



The Com%osite walls consists of ( main elements:

GStructure GEFuiment (n) systems t(t contro*s te en/ironment

G$nterior Sur,(ce #(rtitions

GEIterior Sur,(ce #u-*ic ,(ce

$t is imort(nt to note t(t ( sin'*e e*ement c(n *(y tet(n one




C(se Stu)y $<6S!4 He()Fu(rters> Ber*in> 6erm(ny

!(**s Comosite =(**s G C(se Stu



Comosite =(** Det(i*sEn/e*oe Comonents<

West $a)a!eLa"ers

Comosite =(Det(i*s!ES +ACA



Det(i*s

A*uminum *ou/ers

(**s Comosite =(**s G C(se Stu)y $

EIterior L(yer o, '*(ss

Dou-*e '*(@e) 6*(ss=(**s :enti*(tio

n4

D(y*i't (n)s()in'system





M(sonry !(**





*uminum *ou/ersDou-*e '*(@e) 6*(ss=(**s

Concrete =(**

terior 6*(ss L(yer




C(se Stu)y $$< Bui*)in' rese(rc est(-*isment

!(**s Comosite =(**s G C(se StuBui*)in' res



Comosite =(** Det(i*sEn/e*oe Comonents<

South$aca!e

!(**s Comosite =(**s C(seStu)y $$



Dou-*e sin 6*(ss !(**

M(sonry =(** *ou/ers So*(r #!in) St(cs

!(**s Comosite =(**s C(seStu)y $$#er,orm(nce $nte'r(tion



e m(sonry co*umns=ere not *e,t (s tey

(re tey =erein/este) to o*) te

#:C

An) (*so te #:C

,unctione) (sorn(ment(tion.

:isu(* inte'r(tion

!(**s Comosite =(**s C(seStu)y $$



Att(ce) stee*-e(ms (n) oststo te m(sonry=(** o*)in' te

*ou/ers =itsi)ers

Construction System #oo,s-



Roo,s An) Cei*in' System



$NROD;C$ON O ROO+ A roo, is constructe) to suort te )e() *o() o, te roostructure (n) its co/erin'> insu*(tion (n) intern(* 7nise*o()s (n) ressure or suction )ue to =in) =itout in )u)eection (n) )istortion&

$t c(n eiter -e (t or itce)> (t> st(-i*ity o, roo,s )e

num-er o, -e(ms or ticness o, =(** suorts&

ROO+S MA$N +;NC$ONS



•St(-i*ity (n) stren't to c(rry )ierent ,orms o, *i/e *o()s its eIos=e** (s its )e() *o()

• to structure• EIc*u)in' =in) (n) r(in•Resistin' 7re•#ro/i)in' term(* resist(nce o, =e(ter eItremes

Construction System #o-



A roo, o, ( -ui*)in' en/e*oe> -ot te co/erin' on te uero, ( -ui*)in' or se*ter =ic ro/i)es rotection ,rom (nim(

=e(ter> not(-*y r(in> -ut (*so e(t> =in) (n) sun*i'tV (n) tor structure =ic suorts te co/erin'&

#oofs

ConcreteRoo,s

im-erRoo,s

6*(ssRoo,s

Met(*Roo,s

#*(stiRoo,s

C*(ssi7c(tion o, Roo, System<

•Conce(*e)mem-r(ne•EIose) mem-r(ne

•C*())in' c(n t(e*(ce•!(ter resist(nce•Dur(-i*ity

Roo7n' (n) co/erin'(ny in) o, -ui*)in's

•+*(t Roo, •en/ironment(**y Roo7n' (n) co/erin'



Construction S stem Roo,s

•+*(t Roo, •#itce) Roo,

•en/ironment(**y,rien)*y•i' /isu(* im(ct•Cost

Roo7n' (n) co/erin'Houses> commerci(*-ui*)in's (n) stores

•Si*iconeGse(*e)'*(@in'•Bo*t 7Ie) '*(@in'•6reenouse '*(@in'

•ener'y s(/in'•Cost eecti/e•imro/e ( ersonKsro)ucti/ity

Sy Li't> n(tur(**i'tin'

•#ro7*e) met(* seet•Comosite (ne*s•R(in screens

•)ur(-*e in co*)=e(ter•Recyc*(-*e

;su(**y roo7n' (n)co/erin' resi)enti(*(n) commerci(*-ui*)in's

•6R# roo, *i't•6R# (ne*s (n)se**s

•R(n'e co*or,u*se*ection•Li't =ei't•Recyc*(-*e•E(sy (n)*in'

Se/er(* uses<sy*i't> in st()ium(n) co/erin'commerci(* (n)u-*ic -ui*)in's

•E+E cusions•ConeGs(e) roo, • G

•Stron' in tension•Dierent s(es•

+or ,ree ,orm-ui*)in's )esi'n> itKs

#oo,s Concrete roo,s



#oo,s Concrete roo,s



Be,ore you )eci)e on usin' )ece) roo, or concrete s*(- to co/er ystructure you must (/e ,(ctor te =ei't )urin' )esi'n rocess&

A*ic(tion o, =(ter resistin' m(teri(*s on te sur,(ce o, te roo, imort(nt *ie -ituminous ,e*t etc&&

•$t *(st *on'er t(n (ny in) o, roo,

•$t c(n -e )esi'ne) to (ccommo)(te (noter oor tere-y teroo, -ecomes ( i'er oor (n) -*ocs (re r(ise) u> -ut te())ition(* =ei't must (/e -een ,(ctore) in te )esi'n

•$, it is =e** )one *e(('es (re /ery un*ie*y ,or m(ny ye(rs tocome&

A)/(nt('es o, Concrete roo,s< yes o,roo,s<•Conce(*e

mem-r(n•EIose)

Conce(*e)mem-r(ne!(ter roo, mem-r(ne is Conce(*e)

;n)er te (/in' in tis tye



#oo,s 6*(ss Roo,s

Conce(*e)mem-r(ne



#oo,s 6*(ss Roo,s

EIose) mem-r(ne!(ter roo, mem-r(ne is EIose) in tistye



#oo,s 6*(ss Roo,s

EIose) mem-r(ne



#oo,s 6*(ss Roo,s

#oo,s Tim-er roo,s



im-er Roo,s

+unctions> A)/(nt('es (n) yesA) t+ ti



Less eIensi/e t(nstee*&

Hi' /isu(* im(ct

en/ironment(**y,rien)*y (*tern(ti/e

A)/(nt('es+unctions

Stor('e -ui*)in's

Housin'

Commerci(* s(ces

im-er Roo,s

yes

+*(t

#itc

A)/(nt('es* Cost: im-er is 'ener(**y *ess eIensi/e t(n stee*



*+ Cost: im-er is 'ener(**y *ess eIensi/e t(n stee*&

,+ Design: st(ine) or *e,t in teir n(tur(* st(te to cre(te ( i' /is

im(ct&

-+ .aterial: im-er roo, trusses ro/i)e (n en/ironment(**y ,rien)(*tern(ti/e&

+*(t roo,< BitumenG-(se) seet.



im-er Roo,s< +*(t roo,s

+*(t roo,< BitumenG-(se) seet.




+*(t roo,< Lo= (r(et =(** (n)EI(m*e



#ri/(te resi)ence> .


#itce) Roo,



im-er Roo,s< #itce) roo,s

EI(m*es



im-er Roo,s< #itce) roo,s

#oo,s 6*(ss Roo,s



&lass #oofs (re *i't tr(nsmittin' ,enestr(tion e*ements 7**in' -en/e*oe oenin's4 ,ormin' (**> or ( ortion o,> te roo, o, ( -ui*)i,or )(y *i'tin' uroses&

#oo,s 6*(ss Roo,s) t , 6* R ,



•$t is ener'y s(/in'•Re)uce te -i**•S(/e te en/ironment -y re)uction o, c(r-on• emission ,rom o=er *(nts•D(y*i't imro/e ( ersonKs ro)ucti/ity

)/(nt('es o, 6*(ss Roo,s

•Si*iconeGse(*e) '*(@in'•Bo*t 7Ie) '*(@in'•6reenouse '*(@in'

yes o, 6*(ss Roo,s

Si*iconeGse(*e) '*(@in'Structur(* si*icone '*(@in' SS64 is te use o, seci7csi*icones to -on) '*(ss (n) met(* (ne*s to te structure>/i( ( met(**ic su- ,r(me> =itout mec(nic(* 7I(tion&



te ()/(nt('e o, si*iconeGse(*e) systems is o,

continuous '*(@e) sur,(ces uninterrute) -y /isi-*e'*(@in' -(rs

#oo,s 6*(ss Roo,s

Si*iconeGse(*e)'*(@in'



#oo,s 6*(ss Roo,s

i*iconeGse(*e) '*(@in'



#oo,s 6*(ss Roo,s

Bo*t 7Ie) '*(@in' e essenti(* comonent in tis '*(@in' meto)> te -o*t 7Iin'> is m()e tyst(in*ess stee*& (n) consists o, se/er(* comonents t(t ,orm te com*ete



#oo,s 6*(ss Roo,s

i) *

Bo*t 7Ie) '*(@in'



#oo,s 6*(ss Roo,s

si)er c*(m

Bo*t 7Ie) '*(@in'



#oo,s 6*(ss Roo,s

#oo,s Met(* Roo,s



#oo,s Met(* Roo,sA metal roof is ( roo7n' system m()e ,rom met(* iece> or ti*es& $t is ( c-ui*)in' en/e*oe

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roof

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tile

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_envelope


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tile

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal




-ui*)in' en/e*oe&Met(* roo,s rotect -ui*)in's

A)/(nt('es<G:ery )ur(-*e in co*) =e(terG Hi' ercent('e o, recyc*e) m(teri(* (n) (re 100U recyc*(-*e&

+unction Met(* roo7n' c(n -e use) ,or

resi)enti(* (n) commerci(*-ui*)in's& e s(me m(teri(* use),or met(* roo,s c(n -e use) ,orsi)in' (s =e**& Met(* roo7n' c(n(*so -e (*ie) o/er (n eIistin'roo,&

yes1G #ro7*e) met(* seett -i*it , t t i * t


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recycled

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recycled




G te (-i*ity o, te m(teri(* to s(neconomic(**y u to (roun) 3&5 ms -et=een

rim(ry structur(* suorts &

G =e(ter resist(nce =e(terroo,m(teri(* 4 &

G c(n ,orme) com*eI 'eometriesG =en use) (s ( 7nis m(teri(* > c(**e) roo, seetin' ro7*e) met(* seetro/i)e ( continuous =(terroo, sin =itte (-i*ity to -e cur/e) in one )irection &G in se(*e) roo,s > te term(* insu*(tionusu(**y 7**s te /oi)s in -et=een te inner(n) outer sin &

Ate*ier (n) House> B=(GCo> J((n&

3D section trou'roo,

Oenin':

G $n common =it



7Ie) into st(n)in'

roo7n' > ( 'utter i*on' te to e)'e *i'ts (*on' =icrunnin' )o=n te )irecte) to te si)

G #enetr(tion ,or s

(n) ies trou'(re se(*e) =it (

2-Comosite (ne*s:

yes



S(ins-ury Centre ,or :isu(* Arts>Arcitect< +oster Associ(tes&

1G t=in =(** (ne*s

2G sin'*e =(** (ne*s < te uersur,(ce o, te (ne* is =(terroo, &

3G eir M(in ()/(nt('e o/erro7*e) met(* roo,s $s te see) o,erection on site> -ut tey (re

usu(**y ( *itt*e more eIensi/e t(n(n eFui/(*ent ro7*e) met(* seetroo,

D /ie=s so=in' 'utter )et(i* =itcomosite (ne* (rr(n'ement>i))en -y r(in screen (-o/e

Det(i*s



e ( s$ > Met (* r(in screen (ne*

2> Sin'*e *(yer mem-r(ne3> Comosite #(ne*"& +o*)e) met(* coin'5& #ur*in or structur(* -e(m9& Secon)(ry #ur*in& +o*)e) met(* 'utter8& +o*)e) met(* )ri& Met(* ,(sci( (ne*

10& EIten(* !(**$ $ & Outer seet 7Iin' -r(cet12& #(ne* $13&#(ne* 2

3-R(in screens:

yes



3R(in screens:

Bercy Soin' Centre> #Arcitect< Ren@o #i(no Bu

G Most o, te r(in ,(**in' onto ( met(*r(in screen roo, s not usu(**y )r(ine)(=(y on te outer *(yer o, (ne*s >un*ess te roo, (s re*(ti/e*y steeitc or cur/e) section &

G te m(in ,unction is to rotect temem-r(ne ,rom te eects o, te sun

(n) =in) -*o=n r(in &

G te (-i*ity to ,rom com*eI'eometries ,rom (t (ne* comonents&

G $ts c(n -e use) in te un)ersi)e o, te

3-D /ie= o, met(* r(inscreen roo,(ssem-*y



Det(i*s

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperboloid_structure

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperboloid_structure

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geodesic_dome


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabric_structure

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensile_structure

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Dis()/(nt('es< On*y (rori(te ,or *i't *o()s



#rec(st #*(ns#rec(st *(ns& !it sort s(ns> rein,orce) *(ns c(n -e *(i)te structur(* -e(ms& e structur(* -e(ms c(n -e m()e to cte stoc si@es o, s*(-s&

o

Concrete *(ns< Rein,orce) #ort*(n) cement *(ns> rein,orc'(*/(ni@e) stee* ro)s& N(i*(-*e (n) c(n -e cut (t te .o-&



' .

oCementG(''re'(te *(ns< Common =it structur(* stee* =reFuires 7re roo7n'

Stee*G*(te (n) seetGce**u*(r oorsystems

Stee*G#*(te (n) SeetGce**u*(r +*oorsystems

A system comose) o, *i't=ei'tstee* oor (ne*s> surmounte) -ytin concrete s*(-s (n) rotecte)=it ( 7re resist(nce *(ster (*ie)



=it ( 7re resist(nce *(ster (*ie)uon met(* *(t

!oo) #*(n +*oor +or in)ustri(* -ui*)in's =ere te=ei't o, m(cinery iscom(r(ti/e*y *i't> e(/y *(nsc(n -e use) i, 7re ris is (ccete)(utom(tic srin*er system isinst(**e) -ene(t oors o, tis



inst(**e) -ene(t oors o, tistye4> tis ,(ci*it(tes -o*tin' )o=no, m(cines in (ny *oc(tion&

Stee* +*oors Stee* 'r(tin' is use) rim(ri*y in in)ustri(* -ui*)in's (n) on m(inte(ccess )ecs in oter -ui*)in' tyes suc (s oces& $t ro/i)es ( *ieconomic )ec m(teri(* t(t (**o=s r(in=(ter to )r(in o it imme)m(in' it *ess susceti-*e to corrosion =en (inte) or '(*/(ni@e)



R(ise) +*oorin' R(ise) oors =ere 7rst use) (s

comuter oors to ro/i)e ( @one ,ore*ectric(* c(-*es (ir (n)*in' )ucts to*(r'e comuters ouse) in (

se(r(te room& ey (re no= use)trou'out oce -ui*)in's (s (, i)i ,



me(ns o, ro/i)in' ( @one ,ormec(nic(* (n) e*ectric(* ser/icesinc*u)in' /enti*(tion> (s eiter (com*ement or re*(cement ,or toseuse) in susen)e) cei*in's.

R(ise) +*oorin'



$NE6RA$ON E%AM#LES



$*oors im-er +*oors



im-er oors (re use) tyic(**y =it eiter *o() -e(rin' m(susu(**y in c(/ity construction> or (s (rt o, ( tim-erG,r(me)

$*oors im-er +*oorsA)/(nt('es o, im-er +*oors<

•eco*o'ic(**y ,rien)*y•)ur(-*e•

:(riety•E(sy to m(int(in•+*eIi-*e $nst(**(tion

yes o, im-er+*oors<

• yic(* im-er oor•En'ineere) tim-er oor



•+*eIi-*e $nst(**(tion

yic(* im-er oor

consist o, so,t=oo) .oistssuorte) (t e(c en) -y'(*/(ni@e) met(* soes ortim-er *(tes



im-er *(tes suort so,t=oo) .oists

yic(* im-er oor

So,t=oo) -o(r)s Are tyic(**y use) (s )ecin' =ic is eiter 3GD cut (=(y /ie=tyic(* tim-er ,(me) -ui*)in' =it tim-er oorin' -uttG.ointe) or ton'ueG(n)G'r



tim-er oorin' ton'ueG(n)G'roo/e)tim-er oorin' -uttG .ointe)

En'ineere) im-er +*oorsEn'ineere) tim-er o,ten (/e ( series O, :Gs(e) (n)tri(n'u*(te) connectors ,ormin' te eFui/(*ent o, trussmem-ers =it n(rro= tim-er (n'es to (n) -ottomconnecte) -y ( /ertic(**y set tim-erG-(se) -o(r) m(teri(* to,orm ( structur(* =e-&



En'ineere) im-er +*oorsAn ()/(nt('e o, en'ineere) .oists is teir (-i*ity to ,orm *on'er s(ns t(n yictim-er sections> =it s(ns u to 12G 1" meters



e oen =e- .oists (*so (/e te ()/(nt('e o, -ein' (-*e to (ss ser/ice Ducts(n) c(-*es trou' te )et o, te oor construction> =ic is (n ()/(nt('e inmec(nic(**y /enti*(te) -ui*)in's

En'ineere) .oists (*so (/e te ()/(nt('e o, usin' *ess m(teri(* t(n (neFui/(*ent so*i) tim-er .oist> =ic is (*so tyic(**y e(/ier t(n teen'ineere) tye&

$*oors 6*(ss +*oors

+unction:

6*(ss oors(re use) to

Lerner H(** Stu)ent Center> Co*um-i( ;ni/ersity>Ne= Yor> ;SA&Arcitects< Bern(r) scumi 6ru@en S(mton>Associ(te) Arcitects&



en(ncen(tur(**y*it s(ces -y(**o=in' *i't to(ss trou'

to s(ces -e*o=

yes'*(ss seet

!ere '*(ss seet is use)> *(min(te) '*(ss isset into ( stee* ,r(me> 'i/in' it (s muc *i'tnessAn) tr(ns(rency (s ossi-*e&

Seet '*(ss oor (ne*s (re current*y restricte) tore*(ti/e*y *o= *o()in's Suortin' structures



re*(ti/e*y *o= *o()in's & Suortin' structuresc(n -e in eiter stee* or rein,orce) concrete&

Stee* ,r(mes to suort te '*(ss use Gsections in or)er toro/i)e (

-e(rin' ,or te '*(ss (t te to> -ut (/oi) (-ottom (n'e to te suortin' -e(m t(t=ou*) m(e te ,r(me (e(r =i)er&

Det(i*s to '*(ss seet oors$& L(min(te) '*(ss seet> sin'*e '*(@e) orouter *(yer

o, )ou-*e '*(@e) unit&2& Si*icone se(*&3&St(in*ess stee* (n'*e&

3D /ie=s (n) sections:



"& S(cer&S& Si*icone -on)&9&&Suortin' structure

Construction System An)Sust(in(-i*ity

!en te construction system is e most imort(nt ,(ctors to Acie/es En/ironment(*



#ro)uctionRe)uction

•Loc(* M(teri(*s•Less em-o)ie)ener'y•ReG;se (n) ReGCyc*e•Lo= m(inten(nce

Construction

System An)Sust(in(-i*ity



:isu(* CoAir u(*it

erm(* Acoustic(

#ro)uce *ess#o**utionMinimum ,oot rint

!ere tey$ntersects?

Construction S stem An) Sust(in(-i*it

-Construction System An)Sust(in(-i*ityGEner'y

Ener'y #ro)uctionSo*(r #(ne*s!in) ur-ines



Ener'y Re)uction#(ssi/e Desi'n ecniFuesDou-*e sin system


Ener'y #ro)uction

So*(r #(ne*s

So*(r #: oto/o*t(ic4 systems (re =i)e*y no=n ,or teir (-i*ity to 'ener(te e*eo=er ,or resi)enti(* omes (n) commerci(* -ui*)in's trou' te (-sortion o,ener'y ,rom te sunKs r(ys& An)> in te mo/ement to=(r) incre(se) sust(in(-i*c*e(ner ener'y (n) *o=er uti*ity -i**s> tey (re -ecomin' ( more common si't>eseci(**y in re'ions o, te country =ere sun*i't is te stron'est



eseci(**y in re'ions o, te country =ere sun*i't is te stron'est&


Ener'y #ro)uctionGSo*(r #(ne*s

C(se Stu)y< So*(r %%$ -ui*)in'



e m(in o-.ecti/e o, te ro.ect So*(r %%$ -ui*)in' =(s to )esi'n ( oce -uener'y consumtion> inte'r(tin' rene=(-*e tecno*o'ies so*(r term(* (n)(ssi/e systems ,or e(tin' (n) coo*in'&


Ener'y #ro)uctionGSo*(r #(ne*s e -ui*)in' =(s constructe) to m(Iimi@e te use o, rene=(-*e ener'y> int,o**o=in' so*utions (n) str(te'ies<

!inter timeOtimi@(tion o, term(* en/e*oe$ncre(se te (re( o, so*(r e(t '(ins sout ,(X()e> (s ( )irect '(in syste



$ncre(se te (re( o, so*(r e(t '(ins sout ,(X()e> (s ( )irect '(in systee(treco/ery -y n(tur(* con/ection in te oto/o*t(ic ,(X()e ,or in)oor en/iro

Summer time<EItern(* s()in' )e/ices in te sout oriente) =in)o=s#(ssi/e coo*in' system usin' -urie) iesVN(tur(* /enti*(tion


Ener'y #ro)uctionGSo*(r #(ne*s

$n ())ition to te use o, )irect so*(r '(ins trou' te =in)o=s> te B$#:Gsystem inte'r(tin' sout -ui*)in' ,(X()e is (*so contri-utin' ,or te

imro/ement o, te in)oor c*im(te )urin'

In Summer



$n e(tin' se(son in te )(y time ours =en te e(t re*e(se) in terocess o, con/ertin' so*(r r()i(tion into o=er is success,u**y reco/ere)

In winterAs ( e(tin' str(te'y> in =inter time )urin' te )(ys =it i' so*(rr()i(tion> te temer(ture o, te (ir e(te) -y B$#:G (n) insu(te) into te ocesc(n ric 30ZC


Ener'y #ro)uctionG !in) tur-ine

!in) tur-ine

e (e(* o, inte'r(tin' =in) tur-ines into our -ui*)in's is stron'& Roo,toe*e/(te) (-o/e 'roun)> =ere itKs =in)ierV te e*ectricity is 'ener(te) ri'itKs nee)e)V (n) =in) ener'y c(n m(e ( stron' /isu(* st(tement&



-Construction System An)

Sust(in(-i*ityGEner'yEner'y #ro)uctionG !in) tur-ine

e Stu)y< B(r(in !or*) r()e Center

A t=in syscr(er com*eI in B(r(



A t=in syscr(er com*eI in B(r(te =or*)s 7rst commerci(* )e/e*o*(r'eGsc(*e =in) tur-ines in its strucre*i(nce on ,ossi* ,ue*s&


Sust(in(-i*ityGEner'yEner'y #ro)uctionG !in) tur-ine

Bui*)ers (/e susen)e) tree 'i(nt roe**ers -et=een te t=oto=ers o, te B(r(in !or*) r()e Center B!C4 t(t =i** su*y11G15 ercent o, its ener'y nee)s> or 1100 to 1300 me'(=(ttGours er ye(r GG enou' to ro/i)e *i't in 300 omes ,or o/er (ye(r (rcitecture 7rm Atins s(i)



ye(r> (rcitecture 7rm Atins s(i)&

e 3 =in) tur-ines (re (rt o, -ui*)in' +(c()e


Sust(in(-i*ityGEner'yEner'y Re)uctionG #(ssi/e Desi'n System

#(ssi/e Coo*in' ecniFues

#(ssi/e Coo*in'ecniFues is

#(ssi/e He(tin' ecniFues D(y Li'#(ssi/e He(tin'ecniFues is

D(y *i'tin'



ecniFues is ( -ui*)in' )esi'n

(ro(c t(t ,ocuses on e(t

'(in

contro* (n) e(t)issi(tion

in ( -ui*)in' in or)er to imro/e te in)oor

ecniFues is ( -ui*)in' )esi'n

(ro(c t(t ,ocuses on He(t te-ui*)in' -y so*(r ener'y

in or)er to imro/e tein)oor term(* com,ort=it *o= or ni* ener'y

consumtion&

=in)o=s or o

reecti/e sur

)(y n(tur(* *i'

intern(* *i'(tt

'i/en to ))e


Sust(in(-i*ityGEner'yEner'y Re)uctionG #(ssi/e He(tin' ecniFues

#(ssi/e He(tin' ecniFues is ( -ui*)in' )esi'n (ro(c t(t ,ocuses on -ui*)in' -y so*(r ener'y in or)er to imro/e te in)oor term(* com,ort =itni* ener'y consumtion&

si/e He(tin' ecniFues erm(* M(ss 4 <EC 6A$Nirect '(in



'*(te) '(ino, on)

Ener'y Re)uctionG #(ssi/e He(tin' ecniFues

D$REC 6A$N

D$REC 6A$NDirect

'(in is te e(t ,rom te sun -ein' co**ecte) (n) co

(n occuie) s(ce&



struction System An) Sust(in(-i*ityG Ener'y


$ND$REC 6A$N is (ssi/e so*(r )esi'n (ro(c uses te -(sic e*eco**ection (n) stor('e o, e(t in com-in(tion =it t

rocess





$so*(te) '(inte iso*(te) '(in )esi'n (ro(c uses ( ui) *iFui)co**ect e(t in ( (t *(te so*(r co**ector (tt(ce) to He(t is tr(ns,erre) trou' )ucts or ies -y n(tur(* stor('e (re(





Roo, on) e roo, on) *(ces te term(* m(ss in te

roo, structure





Sust(in(-i*ityGEner'yEner'y Re)uctionG #(ssi/e Coo*in' ecniFues

#(ssi/e Coo*in' ecniFues is ( -ui*)in' )esi'n (ro(c t(t ,ocuses on ee(t )issi(tion in ( -ui*)in' in or)er to imro/e te in)oor term(* com,orener'y consumtion&

ssi/e Coo*in' ecniFuesnti*(tion()in'



'(or(tion coo*in'*(r Cimneyrt (ir tunne*

Ener'y Re)uctionG #(ssi/e Coo*in' ecniFues

:enti*(tion

+(ctors ,or Air Mo/ement (n) n(tur(* /enti*(tion insi)eS(ce<1G e De,erence in (ir emer(ture (n) #ressure -et=een in)oor (n)out)oor2G $n (n) out (ir /ents =it e(sy (t

:enti*(tion ecniFuesCross :enti*(tionSt(c :enti*(tion




Ener'y Re)uctionG #(ssi/e Coo*in' ecniFuesenti*(tion Cross :enti*(tion

cross /enti*(tion re,ers to one ,orm o, n(tur(**y occurrin' /enti*(tion in ( --(sic reFuirements ,or tis tye o, /enti*(tion (re t(t (n entr(nce (n) (n (s to -e resent> (n) te ressure o, te (ir enterin' te s(ce must -e )te ressure o, te (ir *e(/in'&

Cross :enti*(tion




Ener'y Re)uctionG #(ssi/e Coo*in' ecniFuesenti*(tion St(c :enti*(tion

St(c /enti*(tion is =ere (ir is )ri/en trou' te -ui*)in' -y /ertic(* res)ierences )e/e*oe) -y term(* -uoy(ncy& e =(rm (ir insi)e te -ui*)i)ense t(n coo*er (ir outsi)e> (n) tus =i** try to esc(e ,rom oenin's i'-ui*)in' en/e*oeV coo*er )enser (ir =i** enter oenin's *o=er )o=n

St(c :enti*(tion




Ener'y Re)uctionG #(ssi/e Coo*in' ecniFuesS()in'

e most eecti/e meto) o, coo*in' ( -ui*)in' is to s()e =in)o=s> =(**-ui*)in' ,rom )irect so*(r r()i(tion& He(/i*y insu*(te) =(**s (n) roo,s nee)s()in'& C(n use o/er(n's on outsi)e ,(c()e o, te -ui*)in'&




Ener'y Re)uctionG #(ssi/e Coo*in' ecniFuesE/(or(tion coo*in'

E/(or(ti/e coo*in' is ( (ssi/e coo*in' tecniFue in =ic out)oor (ir is ce/(or(tin' =(ter -e,ore it is intro)uce) in te -ui*)in'&

•#(ssi/e )o=n)r(,t e/(or(ti/e coo*in'#DEC4•

Roo, sur,(ce e/(or(ti/e coo*in' RSEC4

yes o, E/(or(tion Coo*in'




Ener'y Re)uctionG #(ssi/e Coo*in' ecniFuesor(tion coo*in'G#(ssi/e )o=n)r(,t e/(or(ti/e coo*in'

#(ssi/e )o=n)r(,t e/(or(ti/e coo*in' systems consist o, ( )o=n)r(,tto=er =it wette! cellulose %a!s (t te to o, te to=er wette! ce




assive Down!raught Eva%orative Coolingin Torrent #esearch Centre1 Ahma!a2a!+

Ener'y Re)uctionG #(ssi/e Coo*in' ecniFuesor(tion coo*in'G Roo, sur,(ce e/(or(ti/e coo*in' RSE

Roo, sur,(ces c(n -e eecti/e*y (n) ineIensi/e*y coo*e) -ysr(yin' =(ter




A*so> (ir c(n -e coo*e) -y con/ection =it =(ter sur,(ce> tis nee) enou=(ter sur,(ce to coo* te (ir -e,ore enter te -ui*)in'

Ener'y Re)uctionG #(ssi/e Coo*in' ecniFues

E(rt (ir tunne*

At ( )et o, (-out " m -e*o='roun)> te temer(ture insi)e tee(rt rem(ins ne(r*y const(ntroun) te ye(r (n) is ne(r*y eFu(*to te (nnu(* (/er('e temer(ture

o, te *(ce




ere,ore> te (m-ient (ir /enti*(te) trou'tis tunne* =i** 'et coo*e) in summer (n)

=(rme) in =inter&

DO;BLE SQ$N SYSEMS e Dou-*e Sin +(X()e (re eIterior =(**s t(t reson) )yn(mic(**y tocon)itions&

e )ou-*e sin ,(X()e is norm(**y ( (ir o, '*(ss PsinsP se(r(te) -ycorri)or& e m(in *(yer o, '*(ss is usu(**y insu*(tin'& e (ir s(ce -et*(yers o, '*(ss (cts (s insu*(tion ('(inst temer(ture eItremes> =in)ssoun)

ey incoror(te<

•inte'r(te) sun s()in'



•inte'r(te) sunGs()in'

•n(tur(* /enti*(tion

• term(* insu*(tion )e/ices or str(te'ies

Y#ES O+ DO;BLE SQ$N SYSEM e tree systems /(ry si'ni7c(nt*y =it resect to/enti*(tion meto) (n) teir (-i*ity to re)uce o/er(**ener'y consumtion&

*+3u4er S"stem:

ey (n) =ere in/ente) to m(int(in )(y*i't into-ui*)in's =i*e incre(sin' insu*(tin' (n) soun)roerties o, te =(** system& ey use t=o *(yers o,sin'*e '*(@in' s(ce) 250 to 00 mm ((rt S()in'



sin'*e '*(@in' s(ce) 250 to 00 mm ((rt& S()in')e/ices c(n -e inc*u)e) in te c(/ity& is -ui*)in'(**o=s ,res (ir int(e (t te -(se o, te c(/ity (n)eI(usts (ir (t te to

Y#ES O+ DO;BLE SQ$N

SYSEMS E5tract Air S"stem:

e (ir s(ce -et=een te t=o *(yers o, '*(@in'-ecomes (rt o, te H:AC system& e e(te)Puse)P (ir -et=een te '*(@in' *(yers is eItr(cte)

trou' te c(/ity =it te use o, ,(ns (n)tere-y temers te inner *(yer o, '*(@in' =i*ete outer *(yer o, insu*(tin' '*(ss minimi@es e(tGtr(nsmission *oss



tr(nsmission *oss&

+res (ir is su*ie) -y H:AC (n) )isc*u)esn(tur(* /enti*(tion& e (ir cont(ine) =itin tesystem is use) -y te H:AC system is systemis use) =ere n(tur(* /enti*(tion is not ossi-*e,or eI(m*e in *oc(tions =it i' noise> =in) or,umes4&

Y#ES O+ DO;BLE SQ$N

SYSEMS Twin $ace S"stem:

ese systems m(y -e )istin'uise) ,rom -otBuer (n) EItr(ct Air systems -y teir inc*usiono, oenin's in te sin to (**o= ,or n(tur(*

/enti*(tion& e outer '*(ss sin is use) to-*ocs*o= te =in) in i'Grise situ(tions (n)(**o= interior oenin's (n) (ccess to ,res (ir=itout te (ssoci(te) noise or tur-u*ence& e



use o, =in)o=s c(n (**o= ,or ni'tGtime coo*in'o, te interior tere-y *essenin' coo*in' *o()s o,te -ui*)in's H:AC system

Y#ES O+ DO;BLE SQ$N

SYSEMS H"2ri! S"stem:

e y-ri) system com-ines /(rious (sectso, te (-o/e systems (n) is use) to c*(ssi,y-ui*)in' systems t(t )o not 7t into (

recise c(te'ory& Suc -ui*)in's m(y use (*(yer o, screens or nonG'*(@e) m(teri(*s oneiter te insi)e or outsi)e o, te rim(ryen/ironment(* -(rrier&



Je(nGM(rie .i-(ou Cu*tur(*

Center



Je(nGM(rie .i-(ou Cu*tur(*

Center +;NC$ON

A center in Noume( ,or te romotion o, Q(n(cu*ture (n) )e)ic(te) to te memory o, te >(ss(ssin(te) o*itic(* *e()er Je(n M(rie .i-(ou&

CONCE#

e -ui*)in'Ks ten =oo)en c(ses> re,erencin' tetr()ition(* Q(n( uts (s =e** (s te surroun)in'



/e'et(tion> cre(te te im('ery o, te -ui*)in'&te c(ses (n) te rem(in)er o, te -ui*)in'=ere ()ote) to (ccommo)(te te n(tur(*

/enti*(tion system&

LOCA$ON

e ro.ect site is on ( tin eninsu*(ne(r Noume(> =ere on te -(y si)e(re te -ui*)in'Ks ten =oo)en c(ses

=it teir cur/e) ,(c()es ,(cin' tere/(*ent =in)s ,rom te oce(n

CL$MAE

H t ) H i) M i i



Hot (n) Humi)> M(in concern is(ssi/e coo*in' system trou'/enti*(tion> microc*im(tes (n)

s()in' )e/ice

SR;C;RE !oo)en Dou-*e sin system

te =(**s o, te c(ses ())e/e*oe) into t=o concentricrin's & e interior rin' =(s

comose) o, /ertic(* co*umns o,*(min(te iroo =oo) (n) ,orme)te interior =(** o, te c(ses& eeIterior rin' =(s comose) o,



eIterior rin' =(s comose) o,cur/e) *(min(te) =oo)enmem-ers& Stee* -r(cin' (n)

connections =ere use) to connectte t=o rin's (n) m(e temri'i)& is )ou-*e =(**construction 're(t*y imro/e) te

E%ER$OR SQ$N EIterior Sin< Comosite system t(tconsists o, cur/e) ,ree st(n)in' im-er stu)s connecte) to te,oun)(tion /i( met(* connections (n)c(-*es > c*())e) =it =oo)en s*(ts



!OODCLADD

E%ER$OR SQ$N $nterior Sin< Comosite system t(tconsists o, :ertic(* ,ree st(n)in' im-er stu)s o*)in' '*(@e) =(**s=it comuteri@e) *ou/ers>connecte) to te ,oun)(tion /i(

met(* connections (n) c(-*es&$nterior +inis> tim-er seets or '*(ss)een)in' uon so*(r or term(*contro*&



SEEL BRAC$N6



En/ironment(* Contro* <:$S;AL COM+ORL$6H AND :$E!4

:isu(* com,ort in te center ism(int(ine) -y -*ocin' te sun r(ystrou' te eIterior =oo)en c*())in'*(i) out (s *ou/er -*ocin' )irectsun*i't -ut (**o=in' in)irect n(tur(*

*i'tin' to te -ui*)in'



En/ironment(* Contro* <

HERMAL COM+OR AND :EN$LA$$ON

e 7rst mo)e is use) =en tere (re *i't =in)s or sti** (ir& !it te term(*

cimney c*ose)> /enti*(tion o, te -ui*)in' is so*e*y )een)ent uon =in) ,orces& e ei't o, te -ui*)in' is not uti*i@e) to /enti*(te te room



En/ironment(* Contro* < HERMAL COM+OR AND :EN$LA$ON e secon) mo)e is use) =en tere(re mo)er(te =in)s (n) *i't-ree@es4& EI(minin' te -(siceFu(tion ,or /enti*(tion )ue to =in),orces< [ QA:



En/ironment(* Contro*<

HERMAL COM+OR AND :EN$LA$ON e tir) (n) ,ourt mo)e (re use)=en tere (re stron' =in)s& ismeto) re*ies uon -ot con/ection(n) te ne'(ti/e ressure cre(te) -yte =in)& ;ti*i@in' te rinci*es o,

st(ce) /enti*(tion> te (ir enterin'te room is e(te) (n) eIits trou'te uer oenin' (n) u teterm(* cimney& is is (i)e) -y te, i ) i i



,(ct t(t te =in) is cre(tin'ne'(ti/e ressure (cross te to o,te term(* cimney> c(usin' te (ir

to -e suce) u te cimney

En/ironment(* Contro*<

HERMAL COM+OR AND :EN$LA$ON ere (re times t(t te =in)s come(cross te *('oon> r(ter t(n (crosste -(y& Durin' tese times> -ot terinci*es o, =in) /enti*(tion (n)st(ce) /enti*(tion (re use)& e

*ou/ers on -ot te si)es (re oene)>(**o=in' te =in) to mo/e ,rom teositi/e ressure on te norternsi)e to te ne'(ti/e ressure on te

iti i) A))iti ** i



ositi/e si)e& A))ition(**y> (s (ire(ts u =itin te room> it risestrou' con/ection (n) c(n eIit out

o, te term(* cimney


Sust(in(-i*ityGEner'yEner'y Re)uctionG D(y Li'tin' System

D(y *i'tin' is te r(ctice o, *(cin' =in)o=s or oter oenin's (n) reecsur,(ces so t(t )urin' te )(y n(tur(* *i't ro/i)es eecti/e intern(* *i'#(rticu*(r (ttention is 'i/en to )(y *i'tin' =i*e )esi'nin' ( -ui*)in' =en

to m(Iimi@e /isu(* com,ort or to re)uce ener'y use&(y Li'tin' ecniFues

i't Se*/es



ou/ersrism(tic #(ne*s

i'tG'ui)in' S()e L6S4

Ener'y Re)uctionG D(y Li'tin' System

Li't Se*/es





Lou/ers





Lou/ers

e mo/(-*e or st(tic rism(tic system is ( tr(ns(rentsun rotection system ,or ,(X()es (n) '*(ss roo,s t(t*imits so*(r e(t enetr(tion =i*e *ettin' trou' tem(Iimum )iuse )(y*i't&

As ( )(y *i'tin' system> rism(tic '*(ss er,orms (ccor)in' to tree m(ino-.ecti/es< te minimi@(tion o, so*(r e(t '(ins in te summer> te contro*o,

'*(re =itout )(renin' te room> (n) te imro/ement o, *i't )istri-ution

e -*ocin' (re( o, te system reects (** incomin'sun*i't out=(r)s& e tr(nsmission (re( is )esi'ne) sot(t te m(Iimum *e/e* o, )iuse )(y*i't c(n enter te




y 'interior


i'tG'ui)in' S()e L6S4

Li'tG'ui)in' s()es (re eItern(* s()in' systems t(t re)irect sun*i't (n) sycei*in'&

e s()in' system consists o, ( )iusin' '*(ss (erture (n) t=o reectors )este )iuse *i't ,rom te (erture into ( -ui*)in' (t (n'*es =itin ( seci7e) (nusu(**y 0G90Z4&





Sust(in(-i*ityG$E$n)oor En/ironment(* u(*ity$n)oor en/ironment(* Fu(*ity $E4 re,ers to te Fu(*ity o, ( -ui*)in'en/ironment in re*(tion to te e(*t (n) =e**-ein' o, tose =o ocs(ce =itin it& $E is )etermine) -y m(ny ,(ctors> inc*u)in'<

:isu(* Com,ortAir u(*ity erm(* Com,ortAcoustic(* Com,ort




Sust(in(-i*ityG$E$n)oor En/ironment(* u(*ityG Air u(*ity

!e usu(**y tin o, (ir o**ution (s -ein' out)oors> -ut te (ir in your ooce cou*) (*so -e o**ute)& Sources o, in)oor o**ution inc*u)e c(r-on

M(in' sure t(t your -ui*)in' is =e**G/enti*(te) (n) 'ettin' ri) o, o**ut(nts

c(n imro/e te Fu(*ity o, your in)oor (ir&



oce cou*) (*so -e o**ute)& Sources o, in)oor o**ution inc*u)e c(r-on some m(teri(*s use) in -ui*)in's (n) ouseo*) ro)ucts

;su(**y in)oor (ir Fu(*ity ro-*ems on*y c(use )iscom,ort& Most eo*e ,ee* -et

(s tey remo/e te source o, te o**ution& Ho=e/er> some o**ut(nts c(n c(uset(t so= u muc *(ter> suc (s resir(tory )ise(ses or c(ncer&


Sust(in(-i*ityG$E$n)oor En/ironment(* u(*ityG erm(* Com,ort

So te term term(* com,ortK )escri-es ( ersonKs syco*o'ic(* st(te o, min) (n) is usu(re,erre) to in terms o, =eter someone is ,ee*in' too ot or too co*)&

+(ctors t(t (ect term(* com,ort -y Construction System

He(tin'Air con)itionin'

E/(or(ti/e coo*in'

erm(* insu*(tion



Construction System An) Sust(in

!(terA ,e(tures t(t c(nminimi@e ( omes im(cton te en/ironment&R(ter t(n )een)in'so*e*y on ( re'ions u-*ic

=(ter su*y>incoror(tin' r(in=(ter(r/estin' (n) co**ectionsystems c(n ro/i)e (



systems c(n ro/i)e (su*ement(* source o,=(ter ,or )rinin'>c*e(nin'> irri'(tion> (n)-(tin'

6Go=er

L(yers o, 'reen roo, ,or =(ter

(r/estin'



6reen roo, in =(ter (r/estin':Det(i*s$& Li't /e'et(tion2& He(/y /e'et(tion3& Soi*'ro=in' me)ium"& +i*ter seet5& Dr(in('e *(yer9& !(terroo7n' *(yer

& erm(* insu*(tion8& :(ors -(rrier& Concrete )ec10& Smoot 'r(/e*$$ & Coin'12& #ie )uct



3GD )et(i* o, r(in=(ter out*et in *i't*y *(nte) roo,

e )uc$ 3& Su*y ie1"& R(in=(ter out*et15& !(** c*())in'

MCH

Det(i*e) section



Section $<$O& Li't *(ntin'& R(in=(ter out*et Section $<$O& Li't *(ntin'& R(iSection $<10> Li t *(ntin & Lo=

Construction System An) Sust(in(-i*it

M(teri(*s (n) Resources

.aterial an!recourses :

#esource E7cienc"

Energ" E7cienc"

Water Conservation

A4or!a2ilit"

Recyc*e) Content

Reus(-*e or recyc*(-

Loc(**y (/(i*(-*e

Resource ecient m(n

N(tur(*> *enti,u* or re

Lo= or nonG

Minim(* cemic(*



In!oor Air 8ualit" 9IA8

Minim(* cemic(*

Moisture res

He(*t,u**y m(

Systems or eF

Loc(* m(teri(*s:



Em-o)ie) ener'y:Em-o)ie) ener'y is )e7ne)(s te tot(* ener'y inutsconsume) trou'out (ro)uctKs *i,eGcyc*e&Once te m(teri(* is

inst(**e)> recurrin'em-o)ie) ener'yreresents te ener'yuse) to m(int(in>re*(ce> (n) recyc*e

i * )



m(teri(*s (n)comonents o, (-ui*)in' trou'out its

*i,e

Em-o)ie) Ener'y o, r(nsort(tio



Construction System An)

Sust(in(-i*ityCASE S;D$ES $

6S!4 He()Fu(rters> Ber*i

n 6erm(ny




Sust(in(-i*ity CAS ecniFues use) in te Bui*)in's<

Cross (n) st(c /enti*(tion

Dou-*eGSin +(c()e

+(X()e (s ( term(* -uer

erm(* M(ss )irect e(t 4



Cimney< Hot (ir /enti*(tion

D(y*i't (n) s()in' system


Sust(in(-i*ity CASSystems use) in te Bui*)in's<

1G e Dierence in (ir emer(ture (n) #ressure -et=eenin)oor (n) out)oor2G $n (n) out (ir /ents =it e(sy (t

+(ctors ,or Air Mo/ement (n) n(tur(* /enti*(tion insi)e S(ce<

Cross (n) st(c /enti*(tion



Construction System An) Sust(in(-

Systems use) in te Bui*)in's<

Cross (n) st(c /enti*(tionCAS



Construction System An)Sust(in(-i*ity

CASSystems use) in te Bui*)in's<

Dou-*e sin ,(c()e

Dou-*e sin ,(X()e contro**in'te term(* con)itions<1& Sun s()in'2& N(tur(* /enti*(tion






Durin' tse(son> t

-et=een,(X()e

term(* -uoer(-*e

* ) !



c*ose)& !returne) t

*(nt /i( rreco



erm(* M(ss Direct He(t 4



D$REC 6A$NDirect '(in is te e(t ,rom te sun -ein' co**ecte) (n) cont(ine)(n occuie) s(ce&


Sust(in(-i*ity CASystems use) in te Bui*)in's<


He(t reco




Sust(in(-i*ity CASystems use) in te Bui*)in's<

D(y*i't (n) s()in' systemE(st ,(X()e !est,(X()e



CASE S;D$ESConstruction System An) Integra



Construction System An) Integra

C(se Stu)y< Bui*)in' rese(rc est(-*isment



So*(r (ne* =itin te ,(X()e Hy-ri) system (n)mec(nic(* system

Comosite +*oorin' (n) cei*in'

e cur/e)> o**o=> concrete oor s*(-s(*so (i) in te -ui*)in's /enti*(tion -y)r(=in' (ir in trou' te (ss('es in te

oorcei*in' on ot> =in)y )(ys. E/en ,urter coo*in' c(n -e m(n('e) -y

circu*(tin' =(ter trou' te (ss('es inte cur/in' s*(-.



Comosite +*oorin' (n) cei*in'



Comosite +*oorin' (n) cei*in'ci**e) r()i(nt cei*in'<

Ci**e) -e(ms (re uti*i@e)&

#umin' co*) =(ter 58\+4 trou'coer ies in te s*(- =ic coo*

cur/e) met(* *(tes use) ,or tecei*in' system&



Comosite +*oorin' (n) cei*in' R(ise) (ccess oor<

e )is*(cement/enti*(tion ,unctionro/i)es coo*e) ,res (ir(n) )e*i/ers it /i( ( r(ise)

(ccess oor& Eectin' te Hum(nm(n)(te< erm(*com,ort&



(n You

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