Construction engineering
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Transcript of Construction engineering
CONSTRUCTION
ENGINEERINGPRESENTED BY: MUHAMMAD MUBEEN SOOMRO
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INTRODUCTION
Construction is a broad subject and an old activity.
In fact it starts from the beginning of civilization, people
built their shelters for themselves.
The knowledge and skills of so many people go into
construction project, such as architect, civil engineer,
estimators or quantity surveyor, carpenters and masons,
or computer technicians and others find their place in
life by working in construction.
Homes or houses, bridges, dams, highways, factories
start from ideas.
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IMPORTACNCE OF CONSTRUCTION
IN OUR SOCITY
It provides shelter for homes, industries and institutions.
It provides highways, bridges, dams etc.
It provides many carrier opportunities and thousands of
jobs. So people may earn a living and get satisfaction in
life.
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UTILITY OF SUBJECT CONSTRUCTION
ENGINEERING
To develop ability in them to construct buildings or any other
structures systematically, safely, economically and strictly according
to prescribed specifications and detailed drawings.
To provide good working knowledge of various equipment's used in
the construction.
To develop ability in them to differentiate between good and bad
work, so as to remove or reduce the constructional faults and
effects.
To develop ability in them to execute the constructional work
through contractors and through department or client or labor according to the prescribed specifications within the specified time.
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MAJOR PROJECTS OF CONSTRUCTION IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING
Buildings
Highways
Bridges
Airports
Tunnels
Dams
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BUILDINGS
The buildings are classified in three major types:
Residential Buildings: The buildings that are used for living
purposes.
Commercial Buildings: The buildings used for
commercial purposes, business purposes.
Industrial Buildings: The buildings used for factories,
industries and other manufacturing sites.
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HIGHWAYS
Highway construction term is generally used for the
construction of any road. The road gives a proper surface
for travel to the wheels of vehicles.
There are two types for pavement construction.
Flexible Pavement: It requires thick gravel sub-base, such
sub-base spreads the load of highways to the under
laying soil.
Rigid Pavement: Rigid road base consists of RCC. Such
RCC base is responsible for the transformation of load to
the large area. It transports the load to the soil beneath
the pavement.
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AIRPORTS
It is usually combination of buildings and highways.
The major road includes;
Runways (13000 to 14000 fts in length, it is strong enough
to support the load of 350 tons aircraft)
Taxiways
Aprons
Parking Lots
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Airport also contains several other buildings;
Terminal Buildings
Freight Buildings (Logistics facility)
Hangars (Aviation storage)
Control Towers
Maintenance buildings
Fire Stations
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TUNNELS
Tunnels are constructed as underground passage ways
for roads and railroads, etc.
Their usual purpose is to streamline traffic around or
through an obstruction.
Tunnels are also constructed under river or through
mountains and also through structures.
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BRIDGES
Bridge is a structure that is built to span or cross over a
river or a gap into the earth.
It provides a way for people and vehicles to cross from
one side to the other.
Bridges are also constructed over other structures. Such
as on a highway, over the railroad, etc.)
Different types of bridge carry railway, highway traffic,
pipelines, and pedestrian traffic.
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TYPES OF BRIDGES:
Slab Bridges: It consists of a pre-stressed slab supported by
abutments. Larger slab bridges are supported by a pier or beam in
the middle.
Arch Bridges: It is one in which an arch is used to carry the weight of the bridge. Arch bridges are made of concrete or steel and are
usually constructed over deep rivers.
Truss Bridge: These bridges are supported by steel or wooden trusses
or beams that are put together to form triangular shapes.
Cantilever Bridge: Cantilever bridge is used for fairly long span. It has
two beams or cantilevers that extend from the ends of the bridge.
Suspension Bridge: Suspension bridge is suspended from cables made of thousands of steel wires wound together.
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DAMS
A dam is a structure that is constructed across a river to
block the flow of water.
Usually dams are constructed for:
To create a water reservoir for water supply, irrigation, re-
creation purpose.
To collect water for generation of hydroelectric power
generation.
For war strategic purpose.
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