Construction engineering

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CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING PRESENTED BY: MUHAMMAD MUBEEN SOOMRO 1

Transcript of Construction engineering

Page 1: Construction engineering

CONSTRUCTION

ENGINEERINGPRESENTED BY: MUHAMMAD MUBEEN SOOMRO

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INTRODUCTION

Construction is a broad subject and an old activity.

In fact it starts from the beginning of civilization, people

built their shelters for themselves.

The knowledge and skills of so many people go into

construction project, such as architect, civil engineer,

estimators or quantity surveyor, carpenters and masons,

or computer technicians and others find their place in

life by working in construction.

Homes or houses, bridges, dams, highways, factories

start from ideas.

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IMPORTACNCE OF CONSTRUCTION

IN OUR SOCITY

It provides shelter for homes, industries and institutions.

It provides highways, bridges, dams etc.

It provides many carrier opportunities and thousands of

jobs. So people may earn a living and get satisfaction in

life.

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UTILITY OF SUBJECT CONSTRUCTION

ENGINEERING

To develop ability in them to construct buildings or any other

structures systematically, safely, economically and strictly according

to prescribed specifications and detailed drawings.

To provide good working knowledge of various equipment's used in

the construction.

To develop ability in them to differentiate between good and bad

work, so as to remove or reduce the constructional faults and

effects.

To develop ability in them to execute the constructional work

through contractors and through department or client or labor according to the prescribed specifications within the specified time.

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MAJOR PROJECTS OF CONSTRUCTION IN

CIVIL ENGINEERING

Buildings

Highways

Bridges

Airports

Tunnels

Dams

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BUILDINGS

The buildings are classified in three major types:

Residential Buildings: The buildings that are used for living

purposes.

Commercial Buildings: The buildings used for

commercial purposes, business purposes.

Industrial Buildings: The buildings used for factories,

industries and other manufacturing sites.

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HIGHWAYS

Highway construction term is generally used for the

construction of any road. The road gives a proper surface

for travel to the wheels of vehicles.

There are two types for pavement construction.

Flexible Pavement: It requires thick gravel sub-base, such

sub-base spreads the load of highways to the under

laying soil.

Rigid Pavement: Rigid road base consists of RCC. Such

RCC base is responsible for the transformation of load to

the large area. It transports the load to the soil beneath

the pavement.

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AIRPORTS

It is usually combination of buildings and highways.

The major road includes;

Runways (13000 to 14000 fts in length, it is strong enough

to support the load of 350 tons aircraft)

Taxiways

Aprons

Parking Lots

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Airport also contains several other buildings;

Terminal Buildings

Freight Buildings (Logistics facility)

Hangars (Aviation storage)

Control Towers

Maintenance buildings

Fire Stations

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TUNNELS

Tunnels are constructed as underground passage ways

for roads and railroads, etc.

Their usual purpose is to streamline traffic around or

through an obstruction.

Tunnels are also constructed under river or through

mountains and also through structures.

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BRIDGES

Bridge is a structure that is built to span or cross over a

river or a gap into the earth.

It provides a way for people and vehicles to cross from

one side to the other.

Bridges are also constructed over other structures. Such

as on a highway, over the railroad, etc.)

Different types of bridge carry railway, highway traffic,

pipelines, and pedestrian traffic.

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TYPES OF BRIDGES:

Slab Bridges: It consists of a pre-stressed slab supported by

abutments. Larger slab bridges are supported by a pier or beam in

the middle.

Arch Bridges: It is one in which an arch is used to carry the weight of the bridge. Arch bridges are made of concrete or steel and are

usually constructed over deep rivers.

Truss Bridge: These bridges are supported by steel or wooden trusses

or beams that are put together to form triangular shapes.

Cantilever Bridge: Cantilever bridge is used for fairly long span. It has

two beams or cantilevers that extend from the ends of the bridge.

Suspension Bridge: Suspension bridge is suspended from cables made of thousands of steel wires wound together.

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DAMS

A dam is a structure that is constructed across a river to

block the flow of water.

Usually dams are constructed for:

To create a water reservoir for water supply, irrigation, re-

creation purpose.

To collect water for generation of hydroelectric power

generation.

For war strategic purpose.

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