Constructed wetland management
-
Upload
rishabh-rathor -
Category
Engineering
-
view
297 -
download
5
description
Transcript of Constructed wetland management
![Page 1: Constructed wetland management](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052218/55862ef6d8b42a4c578b4cea/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1
CONSTRUCTED WETLAND MANAGEMENT
RISHABH RATHOR
B110229CE
![Page 2: Constructed wetland management](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052218/55862ef6d8b42a4c578b4cea/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
CONTENTS
• What is a wetland?• Economic benefits• Types of wetlands• Components of wetlands• Working mechanism
![Page 3: Constructed wetland management](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052218/55862ef6d8b42a4c578b4cea/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
WHAT IS A WETLAND?
• A wetland is an area that is regularly saturated by surface water or groundwater and is characterized by a prevalence of vegetation that is adapted for life in saturated soil conditions (e.g., swamps, bogs, fens, marshes and estuaries).”
![Page 4: Constructed wetland management](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052218/55862ef6d8b42a4c578b4cea/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
CONSTRUCTED WETLAND
• Natural wastewater treatment systems• Used for secondary or tertiary treatment• Treatment processes
– Filtration – Sedimentation– Biological degradation
![Page 5: Constructed wetland management](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052218/55862ef6d8b42a4c578b4cea/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
BENEFITS
• Improvement of drinking water quality• Flood control• Cleaning the water• Fisheries• Recreation• Wildlife habitat• Other benifits
![Page 6: Constructed wetland management](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052218/55862ef6d8b42a4c578b4cea/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
TYPES OF WETLANDS
• Surface flow or free water surface constructed wetland
![Page 7: Constructed wetland management](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052218/55862ef6d8b42a4c578b4cea/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
TYPES OF WETLANDS
• Subsurface horizontal flow constructed wetland
![Page 8: Constructed wetland management](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052218/55862ef6d8b42a4c578b4cea/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
TYPES OF WETLANDS
• Vertical flow constructed wetland
![Page 9: Constructed wetland management](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052218/55862ef6d8b42a4c578b4cea/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
COMPONENTS OF WETLAND
![Page 10: Constructed wetland management](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052218/55862ef6d8b42a4c578b4cea/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
COMPONENTS OF WETLAND
• Waterproof basin– To avoid groundwater and soil contamination– To prevent infiltration of groundwater into the
wetland bed
– Layer of compacted clay – Plastic liners
![Page 11: Constructed wetland management](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052218/55862ef6d8b42a4c578b4cea/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
COMPONENTS OF WETLAND
• Filter media– Gravel (12-20mm)– 20-40mm at ends
![Page 12: Constructed wetland management](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052218/55862ef6d8b42a4c578b4cea/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
COMPONENTS OF WETLANDWetland plants
• Helicona • Common reed
![Page 13: Constructed wetland management](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052218/55862ef6d8b42a4c578b4cea/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
COMPONETS OF WETLAND
• Inlet and outlet structures
![Page 14: Constructed wetland management](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052218/55862ef6d8b42a4c578b4cea/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
WORKING MECHANISM
• Organic matter– Aerobic microbial degradation– Anaerobic microbial degradation
• Suspended solids – Sedimentation– filtration
• Pathogens– Sedimentation – Filtration – Natural die-off– Predation
![Page 15: Constructed wetland management](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052218/55862ef6d8b42a4c578b4cea/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
WORKING MECHANISM
• Nitrogen– Ammonification followed by microbial
nitrification (Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter)– Denitrification(anaerobic bacteria)
– Plant uptake– Matrix adsorption
• Phosphorus – Matrix sorption– Plant uptake
![Page 16: Constructed wetland management](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052218/55862ef6d8b42a4c578b4cea/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
WORKING MECHANISM
• Removal efficiency
Wastewater constituent Removal efficiency
Organic matter 80-90% (high)
Suspended solids 80-90% (high)
Phosphorus Approx 20% (low)
Nitrogen 20-40% (low)
Coliforms 1-3 log units (medium)
Helminth eggs Upto 3 log units (high)
![Page 17: Constructed wetland management](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052218/55862ef6d8b42a4c578b4cea/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
CONSTRUCTION
• Site selection– Position and topography of land– Hydrograph preparation and data interpretation– Sub-grade soil properties– Plantation in the given area
![Page 18: Constructed wetland management](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052218/55862ef6d8b42a4c578b4cea/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
CONSTRUCTION
• Land survey– Elevation survey– Contour survey (1’ accuracy)– Potential area with most acreage of shallow water– Depth of water should be less than 3 feet
![Page 19: Constructed wetland management](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052218/55862ef6d8b42a4c578b4cea/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19
CONSTRUCTION
• Levee construction– To impound and manipulate water– Compaction tests should be done – Height < 4 -5 feet– Freeboard – 1-2 feet– Side slope- 3:1 to 10:1– Highest points near water control structures
![Page 20: Constructed wetland management](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052218/55862ef6d8b42a4c578b4cea/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
20
CONSTRUCTION
• Water sources– Rainfall runoff– Wells – Pumps– Upstream storage lakes
![Page 21: Constructed wetland management](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052218/55862ef6d8b42a4c578b4cea/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21
CONSTRUCTION
• Water control devices– To regulate water impounded by leeves– Not flood control fixures– Types
• Flashboard risers• Screw gates • Flap gates
![Page 22: Constructed wetland management](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052218/55862ef6d8b42a4c578b4cea/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22
CONSTRUCTION
• Flashboard risers
![Page 23: Constructed wetland management](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052218/55862ef6d8b42a4c578b4cea/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
CONSTRUCTION
• Screw gates
![Page 24: Constructed wetland management](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052218/55862ef6d8b42a4c578b4cea/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24
CONSTRUCTION
• Flap gates
![Page 25: Constructed wetland management](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052218/55862ef6d8b42a4c578b4cea/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
25
THANK YOU