Constitutional Convention
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Transcript of Constitutional Convention
The Constitutional The Constitutional ConventionConvention
Creating a New Government
An Invitation to Change
Who: Delegates from All States
What: Constitutional Convention
When: May 25, 1787 – September 17, 1787
Where: Independence Hall, Philadelphia, PA
Why: to create a strong national government in order to best serve the needs of the newly formed United States
Articles of Confederationwhy they didn't work
States made their own money
States regulated their own trade
States behaved as individual nations
States often refused to follow laws
Congress could not collect taxes
Congress couldn't easily pass laws
No Executive Branch to enforce laws
No Judicial Branch to interpret laws or pass judgment
The Virginia Plan
Edmund Randolph of Virginia Bicameral - 2 houses of legislature Representation determined by state
population or financial support Favored the large states over the
smaller states, giving them more voting power
The New Jersey Plan
William Patterson of New Jersey Unicameral – 1 house of legislature Equal Representation for each state Favored by the small states, giving
them equal power in the legislature
The Great Compromise
proposed by Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth of Connecticut (Connecticut Plan)
Combined Virginia Plan and New Jersey Plan Bicameral - 2 houses of legislature House of Representatives to be determined by
state population Senate Representation was equal per state,
with each state having one representative
The Three-Fifths Compromise
Question:How do the slaves count in
the state population to figure out representation?
Resolution:Each slave would count as
3/5 of a person or only 3/5 of slave population would be counted
Preamble to the Constitution
We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.Teaching Note: read together as a class choral reading (delete this before lesson)
Federal System of Government
Government Structure
Three Branches of Federal Government Legislative Branch (2 Branches of Congress)
makes the law Executive Branch (President)
carries out the law Judicial Branch (Supreme Court)
interprets the law
Checks and Balances
Additional Learning Resources
America's Founding FathersBiographical Index of Delegates of the Constitutional Convention
http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/constitution_founding_fathers.html
The Constitutional Convention of 1787The History Behind the Constitutional Convention
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/conlaw/convention1787.html
The Adoption of the U.S. Constitution in Congress at Independence HallPhiladelphia, Sept. 17, 1787
Courtesy of the State Museum of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission
California Standards and Framework
5.7 Students describe the people and events associated with the development of the U.S. Constitution and analyze the Constitution’s significance as the foundation of the American republic.
1. List the shortcomings of the Articles of Confederation as set forth by their critics.
2. Explain the significance of the new Constitution of 1787, including the struggles over its ratification and the reasons for the addition of the Bill of Rights.
3. Understand the fundamental principles of American constitutional democracy, including how the government derives its power from the people and the primacy of individual liberty.
4. Understand how the Constitution is designed to secure our liberty by both empowering and limiting central government and compare the powers granted to citizens, Congress, the president, and the Supreme Court with those reserved to the states.
5. Discuss the meaning of the American creed that calls on citizens to safeguard the liberty of individual Americans within a unified nation, to respect the rule of law, and to preserve the Constitution.
6. Know the songs that express American ideals (e.g., “America the Beautiful,” “The Star Spangled Banner”).