Constitution Raphttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kgCTQJGiDDI

Constitution Original Songhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GuHNq_iEBDY

Enlightenment: a cultural movement which emphasized the power of human reason to understand the shape of the world. It focused on education and appealed to well- educated men and women. Ultimately, the Enlightenment promote independent thinking, transforming American intellectual and cultural life—this was a small step towards independence with England as Americans were starting to find their own identity.

The Great Awakening: a religious movement that focused on non-traditional religious revival. This introduced the colonies to different ways of practicing religion and promoted an individual’s right to choose. This began to create a unique American identity that would separate the colonists from Englishmen.

Deism: the belief that god had created the world but allowed it to operate through the laws of nature. The deist’s God was a divine “watchmaker” who did not intervene directly in history or in people’s lives. Deism impacted the colonies by introducing a new way of thinking that emphasized education and an alternative to religious practices—leading to independence in thought AND action.

North America in 1750On the Road to ConflictNorth America in 1750On the Road to Conflict

Tensions RiseTensions Rise• VA land speculators and London merchants

form Ohio Company, claiming 200,000 acres of land in the Ohio Valley . . . land controlled by the Iroquois.

1754 1754 Albany Albany Congress and Plan of Congress and Plan of

UnionUnion

1754 1754 Albany Albany Congress and Plan of Congress and Plan of

UnionUnion•Board of Trade (set up by William & Mary) called a meeting to ease tensions with Iroquois/address issues in the Ohio Valley.

•Albany Plan – proposed by Ben Franklin – stated that each colony would keep its own constitution, but that on all other matter (Indians, westward expansion, military issues) they would decide as a united front/continental assembly.

•British and colonists quickly rejected this idea . . .Why?

Meanwhile, the French Respond…

•The French were concerned about the Ohio Company/ colonial expansion policy and their relationship with the Indians.

•Historically the French worked with the Indians to control British westward expansion.

built a series of forts.

•Ft. Dusquesne

BritishBritish FrenchFrench

1754 1754 War Begins War Begins1754 1754 War Begins War Begins•VA Gov. (and Ohio Co. shareholder) sends military expedition into Ohio territory.(modern day OH/PA border)

•Mission was to “inform French they didn’t belong there”

•Leader of the expedition--George Washington--quickly surrounded and sent packing…

•Hailed as a hero for taking on the sworn enemy of England!

•Some members of Parliament and Board of Trade called for war (Pitt, Halifax)

France --> France --> lost her Canadian lost her Canadian possessions, most of her empire in possessions, most of her empire in India, and claims India, and claims to lands east of the Mississippi to lands east of the Mississippi River.River.Spain -->Spain --> got all French lands west got all French lands west of the Mississippi River, New of the Mississippi River, New Orleans, but lost Florida to Orleans, but lost Florida to England.England.England -->England --> got all French lands in got all French lands in Canada and west of Appalachians, Canada and west of Appalachians, exclusive rights to Caribbean slave exclusive rights to Caribbean slave trade, and commercial dominance trade, and commercial dominance in India.in India.

1763 1763 Treaty of Treaty of ParisParis

1763 1763 Treaty of Treaty of ParisParis

North America in North America in 17501750

North America in North America in 17501750

North America in 1763North America in 1763North America in 1763North America in 1763

Impact of the Impact of the French and French and Indian WarIndian War

BritishBritish

• March in formation or March in formation or bayonet charge. bayonet charge.

• Br. officers expected toBr. officers expected to take charge of colonials. take charge of colonials.

• Prima Donna Br. Prima Donna Br. officers with servants officers with servants & tea settings. & tea settings.

• Drills & toughDrills & tough discipline. discipline.

• Colonists should payColonists should pay for their own defense. for their own defense.

• Indian-style guerillaIndian-style guerilla tactics. tactics.

• Col. militias servedCol. militias served under own captains. under own captains.

• No mil. deference orNo mil. deference or protocols observed. protocols observed.

• Resistance to risingResistance to rising taxes. taxes.

• Casual, Casual, non-professionals. non-professionals.

Methods ofMethods ofFighting:Fighting:

MilitaryMilitaryOrganization:Organization:

MilitaryMilitaryDiscipline:Discipline:

Finances:Finances:

Demeanor:Demeanor:

British-American British-American Colonial TensionsColonial TensionsBritish-American British-American Colonial TensionsColonial Tensions

ColonialsColonials

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=niD-AKpAJNc

Effects of the WarEffects of the War On BritainOn Britain

• It increased her colonial It increased her colonial empire in the Americas. empire in the Americas.

•It greatly enlarged It greatly enlarged England’s debt.England’s debt.

•Britain’s contempt for the Britain’s contempt for the colonials created bitter colonials created bitter feelings.feelings.

England felt that a England felt that a major major reorganization of her reorganization of her American EmpireAmerican Empire was was necessary!necessary!

(end of salutary neglect!)(end of salutary neglect!)

On the ColoniesOn the Colonies•It united them against a It united them against a common enemy for the common enemy for the first time.first time.

•It created a socializingIt created a socializingexperience for all the experience for all the colonials who colonials who participated.participated.

• It created bitter feelings It created bitter feelings towards the British that towards the British that would only intensify.would only intensify.

17631763 Pontiac’s Pontiac’s RebellionRebellion

Fort DetroitFort Detroit

SettlementSettlement: Indians in OH must : Indians in OH must defer to British politically & British defer to British politically & British will limit settlement west of the will limit settlement west of the AppalachiansAppalachians

The Aftermath: The Aftermath: Tensions Along the Tensions Along the

FrontierFrontier

The Aftermath: The Aftermath: Tensions Along the Tensions Along the

FrontierFrontier• Ottawa Chief Pontiac

will lead brief—an ultimately unsuccessful—uprising against the British in the Ohio Valley

Proclamation of 1763Proclamation of 1763Proclamation of 1763Proclamation of 1763

In what ways did the

French and Indian War

alter the political,

economic, and

ideological relations

between Britain and its

American colonies?