(Curcuma longa L.=C.domestica Valeton)

turmeric(

(1989) [ ]

13

No.10 p7 13 2002

Constituents of Representative CurcumaAnd Estimation of Curcuma species in Health Foods

TAKESHI MATSUO, AKIE TOYOTA, HISAYUKI KANAMORI, KAZUO NAKUMURA,

SHIGEKI KATSUKI , SETSUKO SEKITA and MOTOYOSHI SATAKE

(Received Oct. 30, 2002)

Constituents analysis for making matter the principal constituents and contents in typical Curcuma by highperformance liquid chromatography(HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) wereconducted on Six species of Rhizomes of Curcuma (Zingiberaceae) cultivated plants in Japan, such as C.longaL.(Indoneshia), C.longa L.(Tanegashima), C.aromatica Salisb., C. xanthorrhiz Roxb., C. zedoaria Roscoe andC. petiolata Roxb..

As the result, each species of cultivated Curcuma contains some characteristic constituents.Three curcuminoids (monodemethoxycurcumin( ),didemethoxycurcumin( ) , curcumin( )) and seven

sesquiterpenoids (three turmerones:ar-(+)-turmerone( ), -turmerone( ), -turmerone( ) and fourcurcumenes: -curcumene( ),zingiberene( ), -bisabolene( ) and -sesquiphellandrene( )) as the majorcomponents of C. longa L. proved to be characterized by contents and constituents. It was also proven that theirmajor components were the indicators for estimating six species of Curcuma.

It was made possible to estimate species of Curcuma by conducting quantitative analysis of these majorcomponents by HPLC and capillary gas chromatography(GC), and conducting constituents analysis of essentialoil in six species of cultivated Curcuma by GC-MS.

Quantitative analysis of the major components of C. longa L. and constituents analysis of essential oil in thecommodities of health foods and the commodities on the market as manufacturing medicinal materials forestimating six species of Curcuma by HPLC, GC and GC-MS were conducted on their commodities.

There were more than eight out of the sixteen health foods that whose indication contradicts the species ofCurcuma estimated.

It was conjectured that health foods are widely used with confusion. And there was some vagueness inindications of raw materials of commodity.

It was considered that C.longa L. and C.aromatica Salisb. are used by oversight as same species.The commodities on the market as manufacturing medicinal materials, were estimated that C.longa

L.(Indonesia) was using in five commodities expect a commodity was using C.longa L.(Indonesia) and C.longaL.(Tanegashima).

Key words:Curcuma (Zingiberaceae), C.longa L., C.aromatica Salisb., Curcuminoids, Sesquiterpenoids, Highperformance liquid chromatography(HPLC), Capillary gas chromatography(GC), Gaschromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS), Health foods.

National Institute of Health SciencesJapan Pharmacists Education Center

c u r c u m i n o i d ( m o n o d e m e t h o x y c u r c u m i n (

didemethoxycurcumin( curcumin( ))

turmerone ((ar-(+)-turmerone( -

turmerone( -turmerone( )) curcumen ( -

curcumene( zingiberene( -bisabolene( -

sesquiphellandrene( )) [ ] [ ]

[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]

10 11 [12] [13]

(Curcuma C. aromatica Salisb. (

C. xanthorrhiz Roxb. (

Curcuma

(HPLC)

(GC)

(GC-MS)

Curcuma

HPLC GC GC-MS

Curcuma

(1)

C. longa L.( )

C. longa L.( )

C. aromatica Salisb.

C. xanthorrhiz Roxb.

C. zedoaria Roscoe

C. petiolata Roxb.

(2)

16

(1)

(2) A

ADVANTEC

15A(15 0.45 m

Merck

Silica gel 60(230mesh)

(1) curcuminoid

, (1)

, , Chart

(2) turmerone

, (1)

n-

, , Chart

(3) curcumene

, , (1)

n-

, , ,

Chrat

(1) HPLC HP-1100(Hewlett Packard )

(2) GC GC-3800(GL Sciences )

(3) GC-MS JMS-AX505(JEOL )

(1) HPLC

YMC- Pack ODS- AM 302(4.6 I.D. 150 )

CH3CN : 0.1%H3PO4(50:50) 1mL/min

40 10 L 420nm

(2) G C

DB- (30m 0.25 I.D.( :0.25 m) J&W

200 300

150 ( min) 150-300 (10 /min)

He( mL/min) (100: )

L FID

(3) GC-MS

DB- (30m 0.25 I.D.( :0.25 m) J&W

No.10 2002

200 50 -300 (10 /min)

He( mL/min)

(100 1) L 70eV

(1) 20mg

20mL 2,5

10 20

65mg

20mL 30

25mL

10 L

HPLC

curcuminoid

B C

65mg n-

n-

25mL 10

200mg n-

10mL 15

(3,000rpm)

L GC

turmerone curcumene

1 L GC-MS

GC-MS

Curcuma

C. petiolata

Roxb.) HPLC GC-MS

HPLC GC-MS Fig.1

Fig.3 Curcuma

curcuminoid

turmerone

curcumene

Curcuma

HPLC GC

HPLC GC Fig.1 Fig.2 HPLC

GC Table

HPLC GC

curcuminoid 50mg/g

turmerone 60mg/g curcumene 7.3mg/g

curcuminoid

,

Turmerone ,

curcumene

,

HPLC GC

curcuminoid

13mg/g turmerone 23mg/g

/3 1/ curcumene

59.7mg/g ,

Curcuminoid

,

HPLC curcuminoid

No.10 2002

Chart 1

Chart 2

No.10 2002

Fig. 1 HPLC Chromatograms of the Methanol Extract ofVarious Cultivated Plants

: didemethoxycurcumin : monodemethoxycurcumin: curcumin

HPLC conditioncolumn : YMC-Pack ODS-AM302(4.6I.D. 150 mm, 5 m,120A),column temp.: 40 , mobile phase : CH3CN : 0.1%H3PO4 (50:50),flow rate : 1mL/min, detector : 420nm, injection volume : 10 L

Fig. 3 GC-MS Chromatograms of the Hexane Extracts ofVarious Cultivated Plants

:ar-(+)-turmerone : -turmerone : -turmerone: -curcumene :zingiberene : -bisabolene: -sesquiphellandrene

GC-MS Conditioncolumn : DB-1 fused silica capillary(30m 0.25 I.D., film thickness 0.25m , J&W SCIENTIFIC), carrier gas : He(1mL/min), injection temp.:200 , injection port : split injection(100:1), column temp.: 50-300(10 /min), ionization Volt : 70eV, injection volume :1 L

Fig. 2 GC Chromatograms of the Hexane Extracts ofVarious Cultivated Plants

:ar-(+)-turmerone : -turmerone : -turmerone: -curcumene :zingiberene : -bisabolene: -sesquiphellandrene

GC-MS Conditioncolumn : DB-1 fused silica capillary(30m 0.25 I.D., film thickness 0.25m, J&W SCIENTIFIC), carrier gas:He(1mL/min), injection temp.:200 , injection port : split injection(100:1), column temp.:Programmed 2min at 150 ,150-300 (10 /min), injection Volume:1 L, detector : FID

Table Contents(mg/g) of Curcuminoids, Turmerones andCurcumenes in Various Cultivated Plants

1.4mg/g 1/40

T

GC turmerone

curcumene GC MS

curdione curcumerone germacrone -elemene

[14] [15]

HPLC

curcuminoid 7.2mg/g

3/5

GC Turmerone

curcumen

GC MS

29.7mg/g 27.8mg/g

HPLC ,

(Fig.1)

0.7mL/min , ,

, , UV

HPLC

0.7mL/min

C. petiolata Roxb. curcuminoid

, , , turmerone , , curcumene ,

, ,

(Fig.3)

curcuminoid ( , , ) turmerone

, , curcumen , , ,

Curcuma

HPLC GC GC-

MS Curcuma

(1)

HPLC GC

curcuminoid turmerone curcumen

GC MS

Curcuma

GC HPLC Curcuma

Table

No.10 2002

Table Estimated Curcuma and Contents(mg/g) of Curcuminoids, Turmerones, Curcumenes in Health Foods

Curcuma

No.2 No.3

No.3

No.6 HPLC

No.1

turmerone curcumene

GC MS

GC-MS

No.7 HPLC

GC

turmerone GC MS

No.7

GC MS

No.10 curcuminoid , ,

curcumene

No.11 12

turmerone curcumene

No.16 GC MS

Curcuma

16

11

No.18 No.17 curcuminoid

HPLC

, UV

0.6%

orange yellow

16

B

HPLC GC GC MS

curcuminoid turmerone curcumene

Table

No.1 HPLC

curcumene

GC MS

curzerenone

T

17

I T

No.10 2002

Table Estimated C. longa and Contents(mg/g) ofCurcuminoids, Turmerones, Curcumenes

Curcuma

C. petiolata

Roxb.) HPLC GC GC-MS

Curcuma

curcuminoid ,

, sesquiterpenoid turmerone , ,

curcumene , , ,

Curcuma

HPLC GC GC-

MS

Curcuma

HPLC GC GC-MS

Curcuma

Curcuma 16

T

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No.10 2002