Subcategorization An Animated and Narrated Glossary of Terms used in Linguistics presents.
Constituency An Animated and Narrated Glossary of Terms used in Linguistics presents.
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Transcript of Constituency An Animated and Narrated Glossary of Terms used in Linguistics presents.
![Page 1: Constituency An Animated and Narrated Glossary of Terms used in Linguistics presents.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/5516d5ef5503469d338b46fb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Constituency
An Animated and Narrated Glossary of Terms used in Linguistics
presents
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Slide 2
Basic idea• A constituency is a group of entities that
form a part-whole relationship.– An orange is made up of the peel, the flesh,
the sacs, water, vitamin C, etc. These parts make up the constituent that is the orange.
– A tree is made of roots, trunk, branches, leaves, etc
– A house is made of walls, pillars, roofs, plumbing, wiring, etc. The walls are in turn made of bricks, tiles and concrete, …
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Slide 3
Basic idea• Because of the part-whole relationship,
elements that form a constituent pattern together.
• Thus, I cannot move an orange without also moving the peel, flesh, sacs, vitamins together. Likewise, if a tree is to be transplanted, then roots, trunk, leaves and all have to move together with the tree.
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Slide 4
Experiment
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Slide 5
Abstractness of constituencies
• In many cases, it may be hard to actually see constituencies.
• Constituencies are abstract postulates for indicating part-whole relationships based on observations about entities that pattern together.
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Slide 6
Dominance & Transitivity
• Constituency is often represented in a tree, where entities that form a constituent are dominated by a node indicating the constituency.
![Page 7: Constituency An Animated and Narrated Glossary of Terms used in Linguistics presents.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062619/5516d5ef5503469d338b46fb/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Slide 7
X
F
CBA
Dominance & Transitivity
ED
The relationship is transitive. If B is part of X and D, E are part of B, then D, E are also part of X.
house
plumbingwallroof
straw brickconcrete
copper
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Slide 8
Constituency in Linguistics
• Example from syntax
VP
NP
the elephant.pinchedThe child
NP
S
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Slide 9
Constituency in Linguistics
• Example from phonology
i
zf
i k s
wordphysics[fiziks] syllable syllable
onset rime
nucleus coda
onset rime
nucleus
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Slide 10
Testing Constituency
• In linguistics, and elsewhere, it is insufficient to simply claim that a number of elements form a constituency. Such claims must be justified.
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Slide 11
Testing Constituency
• Recall
VP
NP
the elephant.
pinchedThe child
NP
S
It
it
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Slide 12
Testing Constituency
• What about [fiziks]? • Pause insertion
fi … ziks
fiz…ik…s
f..iz..iks
fizi…ks
fizik…sz i k sf i
word
syllable syllable
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Slide 13
Testing constituency
• This is a task that requires creativity and careful thinking.
• The demonstrations provided earlier are not foolproof though they suffice as a simple introduction.
• To be safe, one must be very critical about tests for constituencies, even those provided in textbooks can have problems.
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The End
Wee, Lian-Hee and Winnie H.Y. Cheung (2009)An animated and narrated glossary of terms used in Linguistics.
Hong Kong Baptist University.