Conservation Management Zones of AustraliaWestern Australia Temperate Sandplain Woodlands

Prepared by the Department of the Environment

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This project and associated products are the result of a collaboration between the Biodiversity Conservation Division and the Environmental Resources Information Network (ERIN). Invaluable input, advice and support were provided by staff and leading researchers from across the Department of the Environment (DotE), Department of Agriculture (DoA), the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), and the academic community. We would particularly like to thank staff within the Wildlife, Heritage and Marine Division, Parks Australia and the Environment Assessment and Compliance Division of DotE, Nyree Stenekes and Robert Kancans (ABARES), Sue McIntyre (CSIRO), Richard Hobbs (University of Western Australia), Michael Hutchinson (ANU); David Lindenmayer and Emma Burns (ANU); and Gilly Llewellyn, Martin Taylor and other staff from the World Wildlife Fund for their generosity and advice.

Special thanks to CSIRO staff Kristen Williams and Simon Ferrier whose modelling of biodiversity patterns enabled identification of the Conservation Management Zones of Australia.

© Commonwealth of Australia, 2015.

The Conservation Management Zones of Australia profile is licensed by the Commonwealth of Australia for use under a Creative Commons By Attribution 3.0 Australia licence with the exception of the Coat of Arms of the Commonwealth of Australia, the logo of the agency responsible for publishing the report, content supplied by third parties, and any images depicting people.

For licence conditions see here.

ContentsAcknowledgement of Traditional Owners and Country.................................................................4

Introduction....................................................................................................................................4

Zone at a glance............................................................................................................................5

Population characteristics..............................................................................................................9

Employment, volunteering and incomes......................................................................................14

Agriculture, Natural Resource Management practices and sources of NRM advice...................17

Land tenure, land use, Native Title and Local Government Areas..............................................20

Zone vegetation characteristics...................................................................................................22

Nationally Important Wetlands.....................................................................................................23

World and National Heritage.......................................................................................................23

Major National Reserve System properties.................................................................................24

EPBC Act (1999) threatened species..........................................................................................25

EPBC Act (1999) migratory species............................................................................................29

Threatened endemic species......................................................................................................30

Invasive species..........................................................................................................................32

Vegetation profiles and management recommendations............................................................34

Acknowledgement of Traditional Owners and CountryThe Australian Government acknowledges Australia’s Traditional Owners and pays respect to Elders past and present of our nation’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. We honour the deep spiritual, cultural and customary connections of Traditional Owners to the Australian landscape, including Australia’s waterways, land and sea country.

Introduction The 23 Conservation Management Zones of Australia are geographic areas, classified according to their ecological and threat characteristics. The zones are also aligned with the Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation of Australia.

The Conservation Management Zones provide a way of understanding Australia’s natural environment that will assist in long-term conservation planning and help the Australian Government to better design, deliver and report on Natural Resource Management (NRM) investments, including ensuring alignment of national NRM priorities with local action.

The Conservation Management Zones also provide a filter through which to make national environmental and socio-economic data more accessible and comprehensible, and a framework for gathering on-ground knowledge and expertise about the environment.  This will improve information flow to the Australian Government about regional NRM requirements, best practice management, emerging NRM issues and knowledge gaps.

The Conservation Management Zones do not represent any change to existing administrative boundaries or governance structures, but aim to support the NRM and wider community to cooperatively manage environmental assets across boundaries, where they share common threats, ecological characteristics and stakeholders.

Each Conservation Management Zone profile contains a standard suite of nationally available ecological and socio-economic information.  We hope that this information will enable Australians of all ages and backgrounds to engage with, understand and appreciate Australian landscapes, and support all Australians to manage our natural resources more effectively.

The profile information provides an indicative, high-level stock-take of the environmental and socio-economic landscape and it is not intended to be comprehensive. It should also be noted that, at present, the profiles contain only limited information on aquatic ecosystems, coastal assets and Indigenous land management practices.  In future, consultation and comprehensive literature reviews will enable us to provide more complete information.

Zone at a glance

Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data

MAJOR CITIES AND TOWNS POPULATION

Cape Burney 453

Drummond Cove 1391

Geraldton 31360

Green Head 256

Kalbarri 1281

Leeman 356

Northampton 864

Port Denison – Dongara 2768

NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (NRM) REGIONSNorthern Agricultural Catchments Council WA

TOP FIVE AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES VALUE (MILLIONS)

Cereals for grain $197

Legumes for grain $39

TOP FIVE AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES VALUE (MILLIONS)

Oilseeds $24

Wool $21

Lamb $18

Total value of agricultural commodities (including other commodities not listed here) $331

CLIMATE CHARACTERISTICS*Mean annual temperature 19.1 Celsius

Mean Maximum of the Hottest Month 34.0 Celsius

Mean Minimum of the Coldest Month 7.2 Celsius

Mean Annual Rainfall 414.8 mm

Dominant rainfall season Winter

* The figures are interpolated 75-year means (1921 to 1995) representing the period prior to the onset of rapid climatic warming. Cited in: Williams KJ, Belbin L, Austin MP, Stein J, Ferrier S (2012) Which environmental variables should I use in my biodiversity model? International Journal of Geographic Information Sciences 26(11), 2009–2047. (Data derived from Australian Climate surfaces version 2.1 for the ANUCLIM-BIOCLIM package).

For future climate projections please refer to: http://www.climatechangeinaustralia.gov.au/

Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data

Native Title area Although there have been no Native Title Determinations finalised within this Conservation Management Zone, it continues to represent important Indigenous heritage values and places that are of deep significance to Indigenous persons and their practices, observations, customs, beliefs and history.

Source: Based on data from the National Native Title Register; Collaborative Australian Protected Area Database (CAPAD); National Vegetation Information System (NVIS); Species’ Profile and Threats Database (SPRAT).

Population characteristics

Population

Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data

LANGUAGES SPOKEN AT HOMEEnglish 89.59%

Other languages 4.70%

Not stated 5.68%

Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data

Education

Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data

Employment, volunteering and incomes

Employment

Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data

Volunteering

Income

Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data

Agriculture, Natural Resource Management practices and sources of NRM adviceAustralian farmers manage over 60% of the Australian continent and shoulder much of the burden of responsibility for maintaining and protecting Australia’s natural resource wealth. The information contained in this profile aims to assist the wider community, non-governmental organisations and government agencies to support Australia’s key environmental custodians.

Agricultural commodity values

Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data

Natural Resource Management practices and sources of NRM advice

* Data obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2012 Land Management Practices Survey (LaMPS) 2012. LaMPS collected land practices information from approximately 50,000 farm businesses across Australia. The data has been aligned to Conservation Management Zones from ABS Statistical Area 2 units and Australian Agricultural Environment units. The % figures presented here are indicative only. For more information on LaMPS please refer to: http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/mf/4630.0

** The sample for the Drivers of Practice Change 2012 survey consisted of a random subsample of 1228 broadacre farm managers from the Australian Agricultural and Grazing Industries Survey (AAGIS) frame. The data has been aligned to Conservation Management Zones from ABS Statistical Area 2 units. For this reason, the figures presented here are indicative only.

^ This chart indicates the sources of advice utilised for native vegetation management from respondents who identified they sought advice.

For more information please refer to http://www.daff.gov.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/forestry/domestic-forestry/prep-for-future/drivers-

Land tenure, land use, Native Title and Local Government Areas

Source: Land tenure data based on Environmental Resources Information Network (ERIN) categorisation of Public Sector Mapping Authority (PSMA) State Tenure 2012; Land use mapping based on Australian Collaborative Land Use and Management Program (ACLUMP) 2012. For more information on Australian land use and management information and classification please refer to: http://www.daff.gov.au/ABARES/aclump/

INDIGENOUS LAND COUNCILS

South-West Aboriginal Land and Sea Council: http://www.noongar.org.au

INDIGENOUS LAND COUNCILS

Although there have been no Native Title Determinations finalised within this Conservation Management Zone, it continues to represent important Indigenous heritage values and places that are of deep significance to Indigenous persons and their practices, observations, customs, beliefs and history.

LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREASCity Of Greater Geraldton WA

Shire Of Carnamah WA

Shire Of Chapman Valley WA

Shire Of Coorow WA

Shire Of Dalwallinu WA

Shire Of Dandaragan WA

Shire Of Irwin WA

Shire Of Mingenew WA

Shire Of Moora WA

Shire Of Northampton WA

Shire Of Shark Bay WA

Shire Of Three Springs WA

Zone vegetation characteristics

The National Vegetation Information System (NVIS) framework is a nationally consistent vegetation classification system based on vegetation data collected by states and territories. It provides information on the extent and distribution of vegetation types across the Australian landscape.

Two products are used to provide the Zone Vegetation Characteristics graph. A modelled pre-European vegetation distribution (pre-1750), and extant (current extent) vegetation, which is based on contemporary vegetation mapping. The information presented here relates to Major Vegetation Subgroups (MVSs). There are 85 MVS types across Australia, describing the structure and floristic composition of dominant and secondary vegetation stratums (e.g. canopy and mid-storey species). Major Vegetation Subgroups only reflect the dominant vegetation type occurring in an area from a mix of vegetation types. Less-dominant vegetation groups which may also be present are therefore not represented.

It is important to note that the vegetation information is indicative only, as state and territory mapping in Australia is of variable resolution and scale. However, this data is the best available nationally consistent information on vegetation, and the dataset continues to evolve and increase in accuracy.

Analysing this information at Conservation Management Zone, rather than national level provides greater discrimination for decision makers, as clearance levels of vegetation types are not uniform across Australia. For example, eucalypt woodlands with a tussock grass understory is a vegetation type found across Australia. In the Brigalow Woodlands Conservation Management Zone, eucalypt open woodlands with a tussock grass understory originally covered approximately 36% of the zone, but today it only covers only 14.5 % of the zone (58.7% of this vegetation community has been cleared in the Brigalow). In the Northern Australia Tropical Savannah zone, this vegetation type originally occupied 19.6% of the zone. Today, it occupies approximately 19.4% of the zone (only 2.3% of this vegetation type has been cleared). It should be noted that this data only provides an indication of change in extent, and not vegetation condition.

For more information on the National Vegetation Information System (NVIS) please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/science-and-research/databases-and-maps/national-vegetation-information-system

Nationally Important WetlandsNATIONALLY IMPORTANT WETLANDS JURISDICTION HECTARES CRITERIA

Hutt Lagoon System WA 2,463.92 1, 6

Lake Logue/Indoon System WA 659.21 1, 3, 5

Murchison River (Lower Reaches) WA 266.78 1, 6

Nationally important wetlands are defined according to the following criteria:

1. It is a good example of a wetland type occurring within a biogeographic region in Australia.

2. It is a wetland which plays an important ecological or hydrological role in the natural functioning of a major wetland system/complex.

3. It is a wetland which is important as the habitat for animal taxa at a vulnerable stage in their life cycles, or provides a refuge when adverse conditions such as drought prevail.

4. The wetland supports 1% or more of the national populations of any native plant or animal taxa.

5. The wetland supports native plant or animal taxa or communities which are considered endangered or vulnerable at the national level.

6. The wetland is of outstanding historical or cultural significance.

Please note, the above are a subset of all the Nationally Important Wetlands found within the Zone. For more information on Nationally Important Wetlands please see: http://www.environment.gov.au/resource/directory-important-wetlands-australia-third-edition

World and National HeritageHERITAGE VALUES WORLD OR NATIONAL HERITAGE

TYPEJURISDICTION HECTARES % OF

ZONEShark Bay, Western Australia

World and National Natural WA 49,245 1.57

Batavia Shipwreck Site and Survivor Camps Area 1629 – Houtman Abrolhos

National Historic WA 657 0.02

Please refer to the Australian Heritage Database for detailed information on listing criteria for these heritage values: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/publications-and-resources/australian- heritage-database

For more information on Australia’s world and national heritage please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/about-australias-heritage

Major National Reserve System propertiesMAJOR NATIONAL RESERVE SYSTEM PROPERTIES

Name Property type IUCN category

Jurisdiction Hectares % of zone

Kalbarri National Park II WA 183,200 5.83

Beekeepers Nature Reserve IA WA 61,947 1.97

Wandana Nature Reserve IA WA 52,719 1.68

Watheroo National Park II WA 28,908 0.92

Lesueur National Park II WA 23,544 0.75

Zuytdorp Nature Reserve IA WA 20,953 0.67

Pinjarrega Nature Reserve IA WA 18,207 0.58

Badgingarra National Park II WA 13,105 0.42

Coomallo Nature Reserve IA WA 8,771 0.28

Alexander Morrison National Park II WA 8,498 0.27

Burma Road Nature Reserve IA WA 6,888 0.22

South Eneabba Nature Reserve IA WA 6,746 0.21

Yardanogo Nature Reserve IA WA 6,592 0.21

Lake Logue Nature Reserve IA WA 5,048 0.16

Unnamed WA39744 Nature Reserve IA WA 4,399 0.14

Wotto Nature Reserve IA WA 3,671 0.12

Capamauro Nature Reserve IA WA 3,516 0.11

THE IUCN CATEGORIES ARE AS FOLLOWS:

Ia Strict Nature Reserve IUCN protected area management categories classify protected areas according to their management objectives. The categories are recognised by international bodies such as the United Nations and are utilised by many national governments, including the Australian Government, as the global standard for defining and recording protected areas.

Ib Wilderness Area

II National Park

III Natural Monument or Feature

IV Habitat/Species Management Area

V Protected Landscape/ Seascape

VI Protected area with sustainable use of natural resources

Please refer to the IUCN website for further explanation: http://www.iucn.org/about/work/programmes/gpap_home/gpap_quality/gpap_pacategories/

For more information on Australia’s National Reserve System please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/land/national-reserve-system

Source: Collaborative Australian Protected Area Database 2012.

EPBC Act (1999) threatened speciesTHREATENED MAMMALS

Common name Scientific name Status % of totaldistribution*

% of zone**

Woylie Bettongia penicillata ogilbyi Endangered 24.93 5.89

Chuditch, Western Quoll Dasyurus geoffroii Vulnerable 1.11 5.83

Australian Sea-lion Neophoca cinerea Vulnerable n/a n/a

Blue Whale Balaenoptera musculus Endangered n/a n/a

Humpback Whale Megaptera novaeangliae Vulnerable n/a n/a

Southern Right Whale Eubalaena australis Endangered n/a n/a

THREATENED BIRDS

Common name Scientific name Status % of totaldistribution*

% of zone**

Painted Button-quail (Houtman Abrolhos) Turnix varius scintillans Vulnerable 99.86 0.04

Carnaby’s Black-Cockatoo, Short-billed Black-Cockatoo

Calyptorhynchus latirostris Endangered 9.19 64.51

Malleefowl Leipoa ocellata Vulnerable 1.07 36.33

Australasian Bittern Botaurus poiciloptilus Endangered 0.49 5.83

Australian Fairy Tern Sternula nereis nereis Vulnerable 0.26 0.48

Slender-billed Thornbill (western) Acanthiza iredalei iredalei Vulnerable 0.11 1.99

Australian Lesser Noddy Anous tenuirostris melanops Vulnerable 0.02 0.05

Tristan Albatross Diomedea exulans exulans Endangered n/a n/a

Amsterdam Albatross Diomedea exulansamsterdamensis

Endangered n/a n/a

Southern Giant-Petrel Macronectes giganteus Endangered n/a n/a

Australian Painted Snipe Rostratula australis Endangered n/a n/a

Northern Royal Albatross Diomedea epomophora sanfordi Endangered n/a n/a

Indian Yellow-nosed Albatross Thalassarche carteri Vulnerable n/a n/a

Soft-plumaged Petrel Pterodroma mollis Vulnerable n/a n/a

Northern Giant-Petrel Macronectes halli Vulnerable n/a n/a

Wandering Albatross Diomedea exulans (sensu lato) Vulnerable n/a n/a

Campbell Albatross Thalassarche melanophris impavida

Vulnerable n/a n/a

Southern Royal Albatross Diomedea epomophora epomophora

Vulnerable n/a n/a

Black-browed Albatross Thalassarche melanophris Vulnerable n/a n/a

Shy Albatross, Tasmanian Shy Albatross Thalassarche cauta cauta Vulnerable n/a n/a

White-capped Albatross Thalassarche cauta steadi Vulnerable n/a n/a

* % of total distribution describes the proportion of the total national distribution of the threatened species that is found within the zone.

** % of zone describes the proportion of the zone that the threatened species is likely or known to occur in.

The % of zone indicates how rare, or difficult the species may be to find within the zone.

THREATENED REPTILES

Common Name Scientific name Status % of totaldistribution*

% of zone**

Western Spiny-tailed Skink, Baudin Island Spiny-tailed Skink

Egernia stokesii badia Endangered 15 29.29

Loggerhead Turtle Caretta caretta Endangered n/a n/a

Leatherback Turtle, Leathery Turtle, Luth Dermochelys coriacea Endangered n/a n/a

Green Turtle Chelonia mydas Vulnerable n/a n/a

Flatback Turtle Natator depressus Vulnerable n/a n/a

OTHER THREATENED FAUNA

Common name Scientific name Status % of totaldistribution*

% of zone**

Shield-backed Trapdoor Spider, Black Rugose Trapdoor Spider

Idiosoma nigrum Vulnerable 1.93 4.45

Grey Nurse Shark (west coast population) Carcharias taurus (west coast population)

Vulnerable n/a n/a

Whale Shark Rhincodon typus Vulnerable n/a n/a

Great White Shark Carcharodon carcharias Vulnerable n/a n/a

Southern Bluefin Tuna Thunnus maccoyii Conservation Dependent

n/a n/a

THREATENED FLORA

Common Name Scientific name Status % of totaldistribution*

% of zone**

Irwin Conostylis Conostylis dielsii subsp. teres Endangered 100 6.87

Splendid Wattle, Dandaragan Wattle Acacia splendens Endangered 100 0.09

Sandplain Duck Orchid Paracaleana dixonii Hopper & A.P.Br. nom. inval.

Endangered 100 1.63

Hidden Beard-heath Leucopogon obtectus Endangered 100 3.96

Beautiful Daviesia Daviesia speciosa Endangered 100 0.81

Elegant Spider-orchid Caladenia elegans Endangered 100 0.75

Northampton Midget Greenhood Pterostylis sinuata Endangered 100 0.74

Laterite Mallee Eucalyptus lateritica Vulnerable 100 1.67

Johnson’s Mallee Eucalyptus johnsoniana Vulnerable 100 2.13

Cork Mallee, Mount Lesueur Mallee Eucalyptus suberea Vulnerable 100 1.34

Morseby Range Drummondita Drummondita ericoides Endangered 99.94 1.78

Small-petalled Beyeria, Short-petalled Beyeria

Beyeria lepidopetala Endangered 99.78 6.77

Small Dragon Orchid, Common Dragon Orchid Caladenia barbarella Endangered 99.76 2.89

Kneeling Hammer-orchid Drakaea concolor Vulnerable 99.62 5.58

Small-flowered Conostylis Conostylis micrantha Endangered 99.52 1.94

THREATENED FLORA

Eneabba Mallee Eucalyptus impensa Endangered 99.52 5.27

Scale-leaf Poison Gastrolobium appressum Vulnerable 99.46 0.44

Mallee Box Eucalyptus cuprea Endangered 99.33 7.76

Spiral-leaved Patersonia Patersonia spirifolia Endangered 99.27 0.36

Kalbarri Leschenaultia Lechenaultia chlorantha Vulnerable 99 0.36

Scaly Butt Mallee, Scaly-butt Mallee Eucalyptus leprophloia Endangered 98.74 5.68

Spreading Grevillea Grevillea humifusa Endangered 98.72 0.26

Mt Lesueur Grevillea Grevillea batrachioides Endangered 98.62 0.61

Thick-margined Leucopogon Leucopogon marginatus Endangered 97.85 8.00

None Grevillea althoferorum Endangered 97.29 0.44

Foote’s Grevillea, Cataby Grevillea, Black Magic Grevillea

Grevillea calliantha Endangered 96.96 0.06

Long-leaved Myrtle Hypocalymma longifolium Vulnerable 95.68 5.27

Yandanooka Mallee Eucalyptus crispata Vulnerable 95.37 0.50

Pungent Jacksonia Jacksonia pungens Endangered 93.92 2.50

Quartz-loving Synaphea Synaphea quartzitica Endangered 92.62 0.88

Lesueur Hakea Hakea megalosperma Vulnerable 90.94 3.20

Northern Dwarf Spider-orchid Caladenia bryceanasubsp. cracens

Vulnerable 90.64 1.50

Spiral Bush Spirogardnera rubescens Endangered 87.18 2.07

Chapman’s Bell Darwinia chapmaniana Endangered 85.99 0.55

Hoffman’s Spider-orchid Caladenia hoffmanii Endangered 77.81 22.58

Spiral-fruited Wattle Acacia cochlocarpa subsp. cochlocarpa

Endangered 70.27 1.63

Forest’s Wattle Acacia forrestiana Vulnerable 67.64 0.62

Midlands Gum, Jingymia Gum Eucalyptus pruiniramis Endangered 66.99 0.35

Rose Mallee, Rose Gum Eucalyptus rhodanthavar. rhodantha

Vulnerable 65.06 1.24

White Featherflower Verticordia albida Endangered 64.61 0.29

Griffin’s Waxflower Chamelaucium sp. Cataby(G.J.Keighery 11009)WA Herbarium

Vulnerable 64.26 0.01

Chapman’s Hensmania Hensmania chapmanii Vulnerable 62.97 0.38

Cadda Road Mallee, Cadda Mallee Eucalyptus balanites Endangered 62.78 1.25

Christine’s Grevillea Grevillea christineae Endangered 61.59 0.26

Red Snakebush Hemiandra gardneri Endangered 61.5 10.81

Diels’ Daviesia Daviesia dielsii Endangered 51.21 0.30

Star Sun-orchid Thelymitra stellata Endangered 51.11 9.10

* % of total distribution describes the proportion of the total national distribution of the threatened species that is found within the zone.

** % of zone describes the proportion of the zone that the threatened species is likely or known to occur in. The % of zone indicates how rare, or difficult the species may be to find within the zone.

The above species are listed under The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act), the Australian Government’s principal environmental legislation.

Please note that the list of threatened flora species is not comprehensive. The flora listed here have a significant proportion of their total national distribution within the zone. For more information please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species or the Species Profiles and Threats Database http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/sprat.pl

EPBC Act (1999) migratory speciesMIGRATORY BIRDS

Common name Scientific name

Amsterdam Albatross Diomedea amsterdamensis

Black-browed Albatross Thalassarche melanophris

Bridled Tern Sterna anaethetus

Campbell Albatross Thalassarche impavida

Caspian Tern Sterna caspia

Cattle Egret Ardea ibis

Common Noddy Anous stolidus

Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea

Eastern Curlew Numenius madagascariensis

Flesh-footed Shearwater, Fleshy-footed Shearwater Puffinus carneipes

Fork-tailed Swift Apus pacificus

Great Egret,White Egret

Ardea alba

Greater Sand Plover, Large Sand Plover Charadrius leschenaultii

Grey-tailed Tattler Heteroscelus brevipes

Indian Yellow-nosed Albatross Thalassarche carteri

Northern Giant-Petrel Macronectes halli

Northern Royal Albatross Diomedea sanfordi

Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva

Painted Snipe Rostratula benghalensis(sensu lato)

Rainbow Bee-eater Merops ornatus

Red Knot, Knot Calidris canutus

Red-necked Stint Calidris ruficollis

Roseate Tern Sterna dougallii

Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres

Sanderling Calidris alba

Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Calidris acuminata

Shy Albatross,Tasmanian Shy Albatross

Thalassarche cauta (sensu stricto)

Southern Giant-Petrel Macronectes giganteus

Southern RoyalAlbatross

Diomedea epomophora (sensu stricto)

Tristan Albatross Diomedea dabbenena

Wandering Albatross Diomedea exulans(sensu lato)

Wedge-tailedShearwater

Puffinus pacificus

White-bellied Haliaeetus leucogaster

MIGRATORY BIRDS

Sea-Eagle

White-cappedAlbatross

Thalassarche steadi

OTHER MIGRATORY SPECIES

Common name Scientific name

Blue Whale Balaenoptera musculus

Bryde’s Whale Balaenoptera edeni

Dusky Dolphin Lagenorhynchus obscurus

Flatback Turtle Natator depressus

Great White Shark Carcharodon carcharias

Green Turtle Chelonia mydas

Humpback Whale Megaptera novaeangliae

Killer Whale, Orca Orcinus orca

Leatherback Turtle, Leathery Turtle, Luth Dermochelys coriacea

Loggerhead Turtle Caretta caretta

Porbeagle, Mackerel Shark Lamna nasus

Pygmy Right Whale Caperea marginata

Southern Right Whale Eubalaena australis

Whale Shark Rhincodon typus

For more information please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/biodiversity/migratory-species

Threatened endemic speciesTHREATENED ENDEMIC SPECIES

Taxonomic group

Scientific name Reservation status EPBC Act status IUCN status

Plants Caladenia elegans Not recordedin reserves

Endangered n/a

Plants Pterostylis sinuata Not recordedin reserves

Endangered n/a

Plants Jacksonia pungens Not recordedin reserves

Endangered n/a

Plants Chamelaucium chamelaucium sp. cataby

Not recordedin reserves

Vulnerable n/a

Plants Eucalyptus dolorosa Not recordedin reserves

Endangered n/a

Plants Grevillea calliantha Not recordedin reserves

Endangered n/a

Plants Grevillea humifusa Not recordedin reserves

Endangered n/a

Concentrations of unreserved endemic species

The colour grids and numbers are an indication of the location and number of endemic species that have all their known range outside of the National Reserve System. Concentrations of unreserved endemic species may be useful focal areas for private land conservation efforts.

Endemism analyses were provided by the Australian Government Department of Environment Australian Natural Heritage Assessment Tool (ANHAT). The ANHAT database has been compiled from specimens and site records held in state agency wildlife atlases, museum collections, and the work of individual researchers. For more information please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/publications-and-resources/australian-natural-heritage-assessment-tool

Invasive species INVASIVE MAMMALS

Common name Scientific name % of total distribution* % of zone**

Rabbit, European Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus 0.57 99.95

Red Fox, Fox Vulpes vulpes 0.51 99.95

Cat, House Cat, Domestic Cat Felis catus 0.41 99.95

House Mouse Mus musculus 0.84 95.24

Goat Capra hircus 1.07 72.95

Pig Sus scrofa 0.64 72.09

Feral deer species in Australia Feral deer 3.71 45.19

Black Rat, Ship Rat Rattus rattus 0.89 31.53

Domestic Dog Canis lupus familiaris 0.21 16.34

Domestic Cattle Bos taurus 0.12 6.48

Donkey, Ass Equus asinus 0.09 3.34

OTHER INVASIVE FAUNA

Common name Scientific name % of total distribution* % of zone**

Laughing Turtle-dove, Laughing Dove Streptopelia senegalensis 9.66 95.60

Rock Pigeon, Rock Dove, Domestic Pigeon Columba livia 1.08 87.81

Eurasian Tree Sparrow Passer montanus 2.73 24.12

Spotted Turtle-Dove Streptopelia chinensis 0.21 5.68

Mallard Anas platyrhynchos 0.12 2.77

Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris 0.02 1.19

* % of the total national distribution of the invasive species found within the zone.

** % of the total zone area that the invasive species is likely or known to occur in.

INVASIVE FLORA

Common name Scientific name % of total distribution* % of zone**

Buffel-grass, Black Buffel-grass Cenchrus ciliaris 0.91 99.88

Athel Pine, Athel Tree, Tamarisk, Athel Tamarisk, Athel Tamarix, Desert Tamarisk, Flowering Cypress, Salt Cedar

Tamarix aphylla 4.08 91.73

Bridal Creeper, Bridal Veil Creeper, Smilax, Florist’s Smilax, Smilax Asparagus

Asparagus asparagoides 1.82 47.52

African Boxthorn, Boxthorn Lycium ferocissimum 0.98 16.44

Lantana, Common Lantana, Kamara Lantana, Large-leaf Lantana, Pink Flowered Lantana, Red Flowered Lantana, Red-Flowered Sage, White Sage, Wild Sage

Lantana camara 0.75 11.20

Mesquite, Algaroba Prosopis spp. 0.51 9.55

Salvinia, Giant Salvinia, Aquarium Watermoss, Salvinia molesta 0.87 8.63

INVASIVE FLORA

Kariba Weed

Boneseed Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. monilifera

0.64 6.48

Prickly Pears Opuntia spp. 0.07 0.90

Silver Nightshade, Silver-leaved Nightshade, White Horse Nettle, Silver-leaf Nightshade, Tomato Weed, White Nightshade, Bull-nettle, Prairie-berry, Satansbos, Silver-leaf Bitter-apple, Silverleaf-nettle, Trompillo

Solanum elaeagnifolium 0.08 0.37

Bitou Bush, Boneseed Chrysanthemoides monilifera May be present May be present

Para Grass Brachiaria mutica May be present May be present

Radiata Pine Monterey Pine, Insignis Pine, Wilding Pine

Pinus radiata May be present May be present

Olive, Common Olive Olea europaea May be present May be present

Broom Genista sp. X Genista monspessulana

May be present May be present

Ward’s Weed Carrichtera annua May be present May be present

* % of the total national distribution of the invasive species found within the zone.

** % of the total zone area that the invasive species is likely or known to occur in.

It should be noted that the identification of any given invasive species above does not imply that the species is found uniformly across the Conservation Management Zone. The % of the zone area (**) indicates how common or rare the species may be within the zone.

For more information on invasive species please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/biodiversity/invasive-species

Vegetation profiles and management recommendations

Vegetation extent information and species lists contained in the vegetation profiles are based on analysis from the National Vegetation Information System (NVIS), including analysis of Major Vegetation Subgroups and NVIS Level V descriptions. Please see http://www.environment.gov.au/node/18930 for more information.

The management recommendations have been drawn from EPBC Act Recovery Plans, EPBC Act Ecological Communities Listing Advice and other sources. The recommendations are indicative only. Systematic reviews of management literature, consultation processes and improved Natural Resource Management program monitoring and evaluation will support development of a comprehensive set of management recommendations over time.

Other shrublands vegetation profile

43.39% Remaining

Commonly found species within this communityActinostrobus arenarius; Banksia attenuata; Dryandra bipinnatifida; Acacia rostellifera; Adenanthos stictus; Banksia prionotes; Banksia sceptrum; Banksia burdettii; Nuytsia floribunda; Allocasuarina campestris; Allocasuarina humilis; Calothamnus chrysantherus; Xylomelum angustifolium; Verticordia lepidophylla; Grevillea annulifera; Eremaea pauciflora; Pileanthus peduncularis; Hakea auriculata; Dryandra shuttleworthiana; Burchardia umbellata; Calectasia cyanea; Anigozanthos humilis; Macropidia fuliginosa; Anigozanthos pulcherrima; shrub; forb; sedge; hummock grass.

Management recommendationsPROTECTION SUSTAINABLE

AGRICULTURALPRACTICE

REHABILITATION FIREMANAGEMENT

WILDLIFEMANAGEMENT

WEEDMANAGEMENT

FERALANIMALMANAGEMENT

DISEASEMANAGEMENT

Purchase remnants into reservation.Encourage uptake of conservation agreements and covenants on private land. See:

Exclude stock where possible. Use rotational grazing if sites must be grazed.Protect soils from wind and water erosion by maintaining native ground cover.

Undertake revegetation where no natural regeneration occurs. Ensure seed and tubestock are locally sourced and attempt to replicate the structure and diversity of local,

Develop and implement appropriate fire management plans. Please seek advice from your local NRM organisation on appropriate regimes.

Monitor and manage native herbivores to prevent overgrazing.

Bridal creeper, Mediterranean Turnip, Freesia, Guildford Grass and cape weed can be major environmental weeds in this type of vegetation.Maintain strict

Actively manage foxes, cats, rabbits and pigs.Undertake fox and rabbit management simultaneously to avoid foxes switching to predation on

Maintain strict hygiene protocols to avoid spreading Phytophthora by vehicle tyres, earthmoving machinery and boots. Treat dieback with phosphite in early

PROTECTION SUSTAINABLEAGRICULTURALPRACTICE

REHABILITATION FIREMANAGEMENT

WILDLIFEMANAGEMENT

WEEDMANAGEMENT

FERALANIMALMANAGEMENT

DISEASEMANAGEMENT

http://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au/management/off-reserve-conservation/nature-conservation-covenant-programCreate buffer zones and fence remnants.Protect groundwater levels and water quality through maintaining and replanting native vegetation in adjacent lands.

high quality remnants on similar soils and aspect.

Too frequent and/orintense fires can damage the capacity of vegetation to regenerate and the health of fauna populations. Manage highly flammable weeds and monitor for weeds after fire disturbance.Maintain existing fire breaks with a minimum of soil disturbance, using herbicides or mowing wherever possible.

hygiene protocols to avoid weed spread, including when maintaining firebreaks, horse riding, cycling and bush walking.

native species, or rabbit population increases.

Summer, and repeat 4–5 weeks later. Sites should be treated for a wide area around an infected site.Remove all parts of affected plants, including as much of the root system as possible. Manage public access to control the spread of dieback.

Other Acacia tall open shrublands and shrublands vegetation profile

29.95% Remaining

Commonly found species within this communityAcacia rostellifera; Eucalyptus loxophleba; Acacia ramulosa; Acacia neurophylla; Acacia sclerosperma; Banksia menziesii; Acacia longispinea; Melaleuca cardiophylla; Eucalyptus camaldulensis; Allocasuarina huegeliana; Acacia cyclops; Acacia scirpifolia; Acacia acuminata; Melaleuca megacephala; Acacia tetragonophylla; Banksia prionotes; Eucalyptus todtiana; Acacia xanthina; Adenanthos cygnorum; Allocasuarina humilis; shrub; cycad; xanthorrhoea; Banksia candolleana; Beaufortia elegans; Calytrix strigosa; shrub; forb.

Management recommendationsPROTECTION SUSTAINABLE

AGRICULTURALPRACTICE

REHABILITATION FIREMANAGEMENT

WILDLIFEMANAGEMENT

WEEDMANAGEMENT

FERALANIMALMANAGEMENT

DISEASEMANAGEMENT

Encourage uptake of conservation agreements and covenants on private land. Protect aquifers and water tables by maintaining and replanting native vegetation. Protect from soil disturbance and water flow changes caused by livestock trampling and track construction.Protect remnants from further fragmentation.

Lower total grazing pressure and implement strategic grazing regimes.Avoid fodder over-harvesting.

Identify and mange key refugia and wildlife habitats.Manage native species (e.g. Kangaroos)

Control weeds including pasture grasses (e.g. Buffel grass).Manage Rubber Vine (Cryptostegia grandiflora), Mother of Millions (Bryophyllum tubiflorum), and Parkinsonia (Parkinsonia aculeata). Prevent weeds from establishing in high-value refugia and wildlife habitat.

Actively manage foxes, cats, rabbits and pigs.Undertake fox and rabbit management simultaneously to avoid foxes switching to predation on native species, or rabbit population increases.Manage native herbivores to prevent overgrazing.

Other forests and woodlands vegetation profile

31.3% Remaining

Commonly found species within this communityActinostrobus arenarius; Banksia attenuata; Grevillea leucopteris; Acacia juncea; Adenanthos stictus; Allocasuarina acutivalvis; shrub; tree mallee; Anigozanthos humilis; Calytrix angulata; Conospermum stoechadis; forb; shrub.

Management recommendationsPROTECTION SUSTAINABLE

AGRICULTURALPRACTICE

REHABILITATION FIREMANAGEMENT

WILDLIFEMANAGEMENT

WEEDMANAGEMENT

FERALANIMALMANAGEMENT

DISEASEMANAGEMENT

Fence, and ensure only authorised vehicle access. Otherwise, restrict access to pedestrians only. Ban trail bike and BMX riding.Avoid changes to groundwater levels and water quality by maintaining and replanting native vegetation in lands adjacent to remnants.

Exclude stock. Minimise spray drift from adjacent agricultural lands. Phosphorus negatively impacts on the regeneration capacity of native vegetation and encourages proliferation of weeds.Minimise ground and surface water extraction.

Undertake revegetation where no natural regeneration occurs. Ensure seed and tubestock are locally sourced and attempt to replicate the structure and diversity of local, high qualityremnants.

Fire intervals should be a minimum of ten years apart. Use mosaic burning techniques, applied in a variety of seasons and intensities. Retain a range of vegetation age classes throughout the mosaic.Ensure that fire regimes take account of the lifecycles of obligate seeders with long juvenile periods. Fire should not occur more frequently than twice the juvenile life stage of the slowest maturing species.Areas that have been recently burnt should be monitored for weeds.

Manage Phytophthora outbreaks as this affects food sources for wildlife, particularly small marsupials.

Actively manage cats, rabbits and foxes.Undertake fox and rabbit management simultaneously to avoid foxes switching to predation on native species, or increases in rabbit populations.Manage native herbivores to prevent overgrazing.

Maintain strict hygiene protocols to avoid spreading Phytophthora by vehicle tyres,earthmoving machinery and boots.Treat dieback with phosphite in early Summer, and repeat 4–5 weeks later. Sites should be treated for a wide area around an infected site.Remove all parts of badly affected plants, including as much of the root system as possible.Manage public access to control the spread of dieback.