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Conservation Management Zones of Australia North Eastern Australia Tropical Rainforest Prepared by the Department of the Environment
Transcript of Conservation Management Zones of Australia: North … · Web viewLace-eyed Tree Frog, Australian...
Conservation Management Zones of AustraliaNorth Eastern Australia Tropical Rainforest
Prepared by the Department of the Environment
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This project and associated products are the result of a collaboration between the Biodiversity Conservation Division and the Environmental Resources Information Network (ERIN). Invaluable input, advice and support were provided by staff and leading researchers from across the Department of the Environment (DotE), Department of Agriculture (DoA), the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), and the academic community. We would particularly like to thank staff within the Wildlife, Heritage and Marine Division, Parks Australia and the Environment Assessment and Compliance Division of DotE, Nyree Stenekes and Robert Kancans (ABARES), Sue McIntyre (CSIRO), Richard Hobbs (University of Western Australia), Michael Hutchinson (ANU); David Lindenmayer and Emma Burns (ANU); and Gilly Llewellyn, Martin Taylor and other staff from the World Wildlife Fund for their generosity and advice.
Special thanks to CSIRO staff Kristen Williams and Simon Ferrier whose modelling of biodiversity patterns enabled identification of the Conservation Management Zones of Australia.
© Commonwealth of Australia, 2015.
The Conservation Management Zones of Australia profile is licensed by the Commonwealth of Australia for use under a Creative Commons By Attribution 3.0 Australia licence with the exception of the Coat of Arms of the Commonwealth of Australia, the logo of the agency responsible for publishing the report, content supplied by third parties, and any images depicting people.
For licence conditions see here.
ContentsAcknowledgement of Traditional Owners and Country.................................................................4
Introduction....................................................................................................................................4
Zone at a glance............................................................................................................................5
Population characteristics............................................................................................................10
Employment, volunteering and incomes......................................................................................15
Agriculture, Natural Resource Management practices and sources of NRM advice...................18
Land tenure, land use, Native Title and Local Government Areas..............................................21
Zone vegetation characteristics...................................................................................................24
Nationally Important Wetlands.....................................................................................................25
World and National Heritage.......................................................................................................26
Major National Reserve System properties.................................................................................26
EPBC Act (1999)threatened ecological communities..................................................................28
EPBC Act (1999) threatened species..........................................................................................28
EPBC Act (1999) migratory species............................................................................................33
Threatened endemic species......................................................................................................35
Invasive species..........................................................................................................................38
Vegetation profiles and management recommendations............................................................41
Acknowledgement of Traditional Owners and CountryThe Australian Government acknowledges Australia’s Traditional Owners and pays respect to Elders past and present of our nation’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. We honour the deep spiritual, cultural and customary connections of Traditional Owners to the Australian landscape, including Australia’s waterways, land and sea country.
Introduction The 23 Conservation Management Zones of Australia are geographic areas, classified according to their ecological and threat characteristics. The zones are also aligned with the long-standing Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation of Australia.
The Conservation Management Zones provide a way of understanding Australia’s natural environment that will assist in long-term conservation planning and help the Australian Government to better design, deliver and report on Natural Resource Management (NRM) investments, including ensuring alignment of national NRM priorities with local action.
The Conservation Management Zones also provide a filter through which to make national environmental and socio-economic data more accessible and comprehensible, and a framework for gathering on-ground knowledge and expertise about the environment. This will improve information flow to the Australian Government about regional NRM requirements, best practice management, emerging NRM issues and knowledge gaps.
The Conservation Management Zones do not represent any change to existing administrative boundaries or governance structures, but aim to support the NRM and wider community to cooperatively manage environmental assets across boundaries, where they share common threats, ecological characteristics and stakeholders.
Each Conservation Management Zone profile contains a standard suite of nationally available ecological and socio-economic information. We hope that this information will enable Australians of all ages and backgrounds to engage with, understand and appreciate Australian landscapes, and support all Australians to manage our natural resources more effectively.
The profile information provides an indicative, high-level stock-take of the environmental and socio-economic landscape and it is not intended to be comprehensive. It should also be noted that, at present, the profiles contain only limited information on aquatic ecosystems, coastal assets and Indigenous land management practices. In future, consultation and comprehensive literature reviews will enable us to provide more complete information.
Zone at a glance
Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data
CITIES AND MAJOR TOWNS POPULATION
Cairns 142,528
Atherton 6,673
Gordonvale 5,491
Ingham 4,706
Innisfail 7,172
REGIONAL CENTRES POPULATION
Allingham 1,229
Babinda 1,075
Cardwell 1,181
Cooktown 2,339
Kuranda 2,169
REGIONAL CENTRES POPULATION
Malanda 1,678
Mossman 1,730
Palm Island 2,339
Port Douglas – Craiglie 3,930
Tully 2,265
Wongaling Beach 1,066
Yarrabah 2,406
NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (NRM) REGIONSCape York NRM QLD
Terrain NRM QLD
NQ Dry Tropics NRM QLD
TOP FIVE AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES VALUE (MILLIONS)
Other broadacre crops $295
Fruit $287
Beef $38
Dairy $27
Vegetables for consumption $25
Total value of agricultural commodities (including other commodities not listed here) $706
CLIMATE CHARACTERISTICS*Mean annual temperature 22.6 Celsius
Mean Maximum of the Hottest Month 30.3 Celsius
Mean Minimum of the Coldest Month 13.9 Celsius
Mean Annual Rainfall 1895.3 mm
Dominant rainfall season Summer
* The figures are interpolated 75-year means (1921 to 1995) representing the period prior to the onset of rapid climatic warming. Cited in: Williams KJ, Belbin L, Austin MP, Stein J, Ferrier S (2012) Which environmental variables should I use in my biodiversity model? International Journal of Geographic Information Sciences 26(11), 2009–2047. (Data derived from Australian Climate surfaces version 2.1 for the ANUCLIM-BIOCLIM package).
For future climate projections please refer to: http://www.climatechangeinaustralia.gov.au/
Source: Based on data from the National Native Title Register; Collaborative Australian Protected Area Database (CAPAD); National Vegetation Information System (NVIS); Species’ Profile and Threats Database (SPRAT).
Population characteristics
Population
Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data
LANGUAGES SPOKEN AT HOMEEnglish 83.31%
Other languages 9.34%
Not stated 6.58%
Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data
Education
Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data
Employment, volunteering and incomes
Employment
Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data
Volunteering
Income
Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data
Agriculture, Natural Resource Management practices and sources of NRM adviceAustralian farmers manage over 60% of the Australian continent and shoulder much of the burden of responsibility for maintaining and protecting Australia’s natural resource wealth. The information contained in this profile aims to assist the wider community, non-governmental organisations and government agencies to support Australia’s key environmental custodians.
Agricultural commodity values
Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data
Natural Resource Management practices and sources of NRM advice
* Data obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2012 Land Management Practices Survey (LaMPS) 2012. LaMPS collected land practices information from approximately 50,000 farm businesses across Australia. The data has been aligned to Conservation Management Zones from ABS Statistical Area 2 units and Australian Agricultural Environment. For this reason the figures presented here are indicative only. For more information on LaMPS please refer to: http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs @.nsf/mf/4630.0
** The sample for the Drivers of Practice Change 2012 survey consisted of a random subsample of 1228 broadacre farm managers from the Australian Agricultural and Grazing Industries Survey (AAGIS) frame. The data has been aligned to Conservation Management Zones from ABS Statistical Area 2 units. For this reason, the figures presented here are indicative only.
^ This chart indicates the sources of advice utilised for native vegetation management from respondents who identified they sought advice.
For more information please refer to http://www.daff.gov.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/forestry/domestic-forestry/prep-for-future/drivers-
Land tenure, land use, Native Title and Local Government Areas
Source: Land tenure data based on Environmental Resources Information Network (ERIN) categorisation of Public Sector Mapping Authority (PSMA) State Tenure 2012; Land use mapping based on Australian Collaborative Land Use and Management Program (ACLUMP) 2012. For more information on Australian land use and management information and classification please refer to: http://www.daff.gov.au/ABARES/aclump/
INDIGENOUS LAND COUNCILS
Cape York Land Council: www.cylc.org.au
North Queensland Aboriginal Land Council: www.nqlc.com.au
INDIGENOUS NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
North Australian Indigenous Land and Sea Management Alliance: www.nailsma.org.au
Rainforest Aboriginal Peoples Alliance: [email protected]
NATIVE TITLE AND TRADITIONAL OWNERSTraditional Owners Registered Native Title Body Corporate Hectares % of
zone
Eastern Kuku Yalanji People Jabalbina Yalanji Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 125,239 4.20
Gamaay, Dingaal, Nugal, Thuubi, Nguurruumungu, Dharrpa, Binhthi, Thiithaarr, Tha
Dhubbi Warra Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC, Hopevale Congress Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC, Walmbaar Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC
109,864 3.69
Jirrbal People Wabubadda Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 82,235 2.76
Gugu Badhun People Gugu Badhun Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 35,832 1.20
Wanyurr Majay People Wanyurr-Majay Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 19,793 0.66
Dulabed and Malanbarra Yidinji People
Dulabed Malanbarra and Yidinji Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 16,424 0.55
Tableland Yidinji People 15,116 0.51
Ngadjon-Jii People Choorechillum (Ngadjon Jii PBC) Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 13,247 0.44
The Djiru People Djiru Warrangburra Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 8,850 0.30
Gunggandji People Gunggandji PBC Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 8,137 0.27
Mandingalbay Yidinji-Gunggandji People
Gunggandji-Mandingalbay Yidinji Peoples PBC Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC
8,121 0.27
Mandingalbay Yidinji People Mandingalbay Yidinji Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 4,195 0.14
Tableland Yidinji People 3,973 0.13
Djabugay People Djabugay Native Title Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 2,749 0.09
Jirrbal People Wabubadda Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 1,306 0.04
Bar-Barrum People Bar-Barrum Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 738 0.02
Girramay People Girramay People Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 479 0.02
The Djiru People Djiru Warrangburra Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 441 0.01
Jirrbal People Wabubadda Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 61 –
Source: The Native Title Tribunal Register, October 2013.For more information please refer to: http://www.nntt.gov.au/Pages/Searchportal.aspx
LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREASCairns Regional QLD
Cassowary Coast Regional QLD
Charters Towers Regional QLD
Cook Shire QLD
Douglas Shire QLD
LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS
Hinchinbrook Shire QLD
Hope Vale Aboriginal Shire QLD
Mareeba Shire QLD
Palm Island Aboriginal Shire QLD
Tablelands Regional QLD
Townsville City QLD
Wujal Wujal Aboriginal Shire QLD
Yarrabah Aboriginal Shire QLD
Zone vegetation characteristics
The National Vegetation Information System (NVIS) framework is a nationally consistent vegetation classification system based on vegetation data collected by states and territories. It provides information on the extent and distribution of vegetation types across the Australian landscape.
Two products are used to provide the Zone Vegetation Characteristics graph. A modelled pre-European vegetation distribution (pre-1750), and extant (current extent) vegetation, which is based on contemporary vegetation mapping. The information presented here relates to Major Vegetation Subgroups (MVSs). There are 85 MVS types across Australia, describing the structure and floristic composition of dominant and secondary vegetation stratums (e.g. canopy and mid-storey species). Major Vegetation Subgroups only reflect the dominant vegetation type occurring in an area from a mix of vegetation types. Less-dominant vegetation groups which may also be present are therefore not represented.
It is important to note that the vegetation information is indicative only, as state and territory mapping in Australia is of variable resolution and scale. However, this data is the best available nationally consistent information on vegetation, and the dataset continues to evolve and increase in accuracy.
Analysing this information at Conservation Management Zone, rather than national level provides greater discrimination for decision makers, as clearance levels of vegetation types are not uniform across Australia. For example, eucalypt woodlands with a tussock grass understory is a vegetation type found across Australia. In the Brigalow Woodlands Conservation Management Zone, eucalypt open woodlands with a tussock grass understory originally covered approximately 36% of the zone, but today it only covers only 14.5 % of the zone (58.7% of this vegetation community has been cleared in the Brigalow). In the Northern Australia Tropical Savannah zone, this vegetation type originally occupied 19.6% of the zone. Today, it occupies approximately 19.4% of the zone (only 2.3% of this vegetation type has been cleared). It should be noted that this data only provides an indication of change in extent, and not vegetation condition.
For more information on the National Vegetation Information System (NVIS) please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/science-and-research/databases-and-maps/national -vegetation-information- system
Nationally Important WetlandsNATIONALLY IMPORTANT WETLANDS JURISDICTION HECTARES CRITERIA
Cape Flattery Dune Lakes QLD 43,949 1, 2, 3
Herbert River Floodplain QLD 41,421 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Tully River – Murray River Floodplains QLD 39,171 1, 2, 3, 5, 6
Great Barrier Reef Marine Park QLD 23,014 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Herbert River Gorge QLD 18,269 1, 2
Hinchinbrook Channel QLD 18,036 1, 2, 3, 5, 6
Edmund Kennedy Wetlands QLD 10,969 1, 2, 3, 5, 6
Cowley Area QLD 8,365 1, 3, 5
Port of Cairns and Trinity Inlet QLD 5,561 1, 2, 3
Cape Melville – Bathurst Bay QLD 5,270 1, 5
Lower Daintree River QLD 5,264 1, 2, 3, 5
Missionary Bay QLD 5,166 1, 2, 3, 5, 6
Bambaroo Coastal Aggregation QLD 4,836 1, 3, 5
Russell River QLD 2,290 1, 5
Eubenangee – Alice River QLD 1,992 1, 3, 5
Wyvuri Swamp QLD 1,491 1
Ella Bay Swamp QLD 1,309 1, 3, 5
Innisfail Area QLD 1,221 1, 5
Laura Sandstone QLD 1,088 1
Alexandra Bay QLD 861 1, 5
Kurrimine Area QLD 650 1, 3
Yuccabine Creek QLD 529 1, 6
Marina Plains – Lakefield Aggregation QLD 268 1, 2, 3, 5
Russell River Rapids QLD 235 1, 2, 3, 5, 6
Licuala Palm Forest QLD 232 1, 2, 3, 5
Alexandra Palm Forest QLD 146 1, 2, 5
Princess Charlotte Bay Marine Area QLD 114 1, 2, 3, 5
Lake Barrine QLD 99 1, 2, 6
Bromfield Swamp QLD 63 1, 3, 6
Clack Reef Complex QLD 59 1, 3, 5, 6
Lake Eacham QLD 43 1, 6
Birthday Creek QLD 43 1
Sunday Creek Broad-leaved Paperbark Site QLD 39 1, 2, 5
The Jack Lakes Aggregation QLD 37 1
Nandroya Falls QLD 19 1, 2, 5
Zillie Falls QLD 16 1, 3, 5
West Mulgrave Falls QLD 7 1, 5
Hilda Creek Headwater QLD 5 1, 2, 4, 5
NATIONALLY IMPORTANT WETLANDS JURISDICTION HECTARES CRITERIA
Nationally important wetlands are defined according to the following criteria:
1. It is a good example of a wetland type occurring within a biogeographic region in Australia.
2. It is a wetland which plays an important ecological or hydrological role in the natural functioning of a major wetland system/complex.
3. It is a wetland which is important as the habitat for animal taxa at a vulnerable stage in their life cycles, or provides a refuge when adverse conditions such as drought prevail.
4. The wetland supports 1% or more of the national populations of any native plant or animal taxa.
5. The wetland supports native plant or animal taxa or communities which are considered endangered or vulnerable at the national level.
6. The wetland is of outstanding historical or cultural significance.
Please note, the above are a subset of all the Nationally Important Wetlands found within the Zone. For more information on Nationally Important Wetlands please see: http://www.environment.gov.au/resource/directory - important-wetlands-australia-third-edition
World and National HeritageHERITAGE VALUES WORLD OR NATIONAL HERITAGE
TYPEJURISDICTION HECTARES % OF
ZONEGreat Barrier Reef World and National Natural QLD 34,981,026 n/a
Wet Tropics of Queensland
World and National Natural and Indigenous
QLD 897,301 30.11%
Please refer to the Australian Heritage Database for detailed information on listing criteria for these heritage values: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/publications-and-resources/australian-heritage-database
For more information on Australia’s world and national heritage please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/about-australias-heritage
Major National Reserve System propertiesMAJOR NATIONAL RESERVE SYSTEM PROPERTIES
Name Property type IUCN category
Jurisdiction Hectares % of zone
Girringun Indigenous Protected Area <Null> QLD 324,345 10.88
Girringun National Park II QLD 171,446 5.75
Cape Melville National Park II QLD 146,179 4.90
Daintree National Park II QLD 119,212 4.00
Wooroonooran National Park II QLD 114,970 3.86
Jack River National Park II QLD 77,669 2.61
Paluma Range National Park II QLD 73,057 2.45
Tully Gorge National Park II QLD 60,006 2.01
Ngalba Bulal National Park II QLD 40,435 1.36
Hinchinbrook Island National Park II QLD 39,377 1.32
Eastern Kuku Yalanji Indigenous Protected Area <Null> QLD 39,240 1.32
MAJOR NATIONAL RESERVE SYSTEM PROPERTIES
Mount Windsor National Park II QLD 34,616 1.16
Girramay National Park II QLD 33,753 1.13
Koombooloomba National Park II QLD 29,248 0.98
Kuranda National Park II QLD 27,092 0.91
Mount Lewis National Park II QLD 25,210 0.85
Japoon National Park II QLD 24,794 0.83
Dinden National Park II QLD 20,165 0.68
Kalpowar Nature Refuge VI QLD 18,828 0.63
Kirrama National Park II QLD 17,463 0.59
THE IUCN CATEGORIES ARE AS FOLLOWS:
Ia Strict Nature Reserve IUCN protected area management categories classify protected areas according to their management objectives. The categories are recognised by international bodies such as the United Nations and are utilised by many national governments, including the Australian Government, as the global standard for defining and recording protected areas.
Ib Wilderness Area
II National Park
III Natural Monument or Feature
IV Habitat/Species Management Area
V Protected Landscape/ Seascape
VI Protected area with sustainable use of natural resources
Please refer to the IUCN website for further explanation: http://www.iucn.org/about/work/programmes/gpap_home/gpap_quality/gpap_pacategories/
For more information on Australia’s National Reserve System please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/land/national-reserve-system
Source: Collaborative Australian Protected Area Database 2012.
EPBC Act (1999) threatened ecological communitiesTHREATENED ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES
Name Listing status % of total distribution* % of zone**
Mabi Forest (Complex Notophyll Vine Forest 5b)
Critically Endangered 100 0.05
Littoral Rainforest and Coastal Vine Thickets of Eastern Australia
Critically Endangered 63.46 0.78
Broad leaf tea-tree (Melaleuca viridiflora) woodlands in high rainfall coastal north Queensland
Endangered 55.92 4.83
Semi-evergreen vine thickets of the Brigalow Belt (North and South) and Nandewar Bioregions
Endangered 0.04 0.00
* % of the total national distribution describes the proportion of the total national distribution of the Threatened Ecological Community that is found within the zone.
** % of the total zone area describes the proportion of the zone that the Threatened Ecological Community is likely or known to occur in.
It should be noted that the identification of any given Threatened Ecological Community above does not imply that the Threatened Ecological Community (TEC) is found uniformly across the Conservation Management Zone. Rather, the % of the TEC’s total distribution (*) within the zone is an indication of its importance to that zone in terms of conservation efforts. The % of the zone (**) indicates how rare, or difficult the ecological community may be to find within the zone.
The threatened ecological communities above are listed under The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act), which is the Australian Government’s principal environmental legislation. For more information, please refer to http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/communities
EPBC Act (1999) threatened speciesTHREATENED MAMMALS
Common name Scientific name Status % of totaldistribution*
% of zone**
Mahogany Glider Petaurus gracilis Endangered 100 4.11
Northern Bettong Bettongia tropica Endangered 72.58 14.57
Spotted-tailed Quoll or Yarri (North Queensland subspecies)
Dasyurus maculatus gracilis Endangered 64.02 31.82
Yellow-bellied Glider (Wet Tropics), Fluffy Glider Petaurus australisunnamed subsp.
Vulnerable 55.98 13.07
Spectacled Flying-fox Pteropus conspicillatus Vulnerable 40.57 92.87
Greater Large-eared Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus philippinensis(large form)
Endangered 13.93 16.25
Bare-rumped Sheathtail Bat Saccolaimus saccolaimusnudicluniatus
Critically Endangered
7.26 80.20
Northern Quoll Dasyurus hallucatus Endangered 3.61 73.85
Koala (combined populations of Queensland, New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory)
Phascolarctos cinereus (combined populations of QLD, NSW and the ACT)
Vulnerable 0.67 9.44
Semon’s Leaf-nosed Bat, Greater Wart-nosed Horseshoe-bat
Hipposideros semoni Endangered May be present
May be present
THREATENED MAMMALS
Brush-tailed Rabbit-rat, Brush-tailed Tree-rat, Pakooma
Conilurus penicillatus Vulnerable May be present
May be present
Grey-headed Flying-fox Pteropus poliocephalus Vulnerable May be present
May be present
Water Mouse, False Water Rat, Yirrkoo Xeromys myoides Vulnerable May be present
May be present
Burrowing Bettong (Shark Bay), Boodie Bettongia lesueur lesueur Vulnerable May be present
May be present
Blue Whale Balaenoptera musculus Endangered n/a n/a
Humpback Whale Megaptera novaeangliae Vulnerable n/a n/a
THREATENED BIRDS
Common name Scientific name Status % of totaldistribution*
% of zone**
Southern Cassowary (Australian), Southern Cassowary
Casuarius casuarius johnsonii Endangered 67.35 43.03
Masked Owl (northern) Tyto novaehollandiae kimberli Vulnerable 5.6 68.62
Red Goshawk Erythrotriorchis radiatus Vulnerable 2.9 99.89
Star Finch (eastern), Star Finch (southern) Neochmia ruficauda ruficauda Endangered 1.25 16.99
Squatter Pigeon (southern) Geophaps scripta scripta Vulnerable 1.17 14.04
Buff-breasted Button-quail Turnix olivii Endangered 0.81 0.29
Australian Fairy Tern Sternula nereis nereis Vulnerable 0.78 1.52
Black-throated Finch (southern) Poephila cincta cincta Endangered 0.61 1.32
Australasian Bittern Botaurus poiciloptilus Endangered 0.49 6.06
Australian Painted Snipe Rostratula australis Endangered 0.34 2.22
Crimson Finch (white-bellied) Neochmia phaeton evangelinae
Vulnerable 0.31 0.08
Gouldian Finch Erythrura gouldiae Endangered 0.18 2.63
Golden-shouldered Parrot Psephotus chrysopterygius Endangered May be present May be present
Regent Honeyeater Anthochaera phrygia Endangered May be present May be present
White-bellied Storm-Petrel (Tasman Sea), White-bellied Storm-Petrel (Australasian)
Fregetta grallaria grallaria Vulnerable May be present May be present
* % of total distribution describes the proportion of the total national distribution of the threatened species that is found within the zone.
** % of zone describes the proportion of the zone that the threatened species is likely or known to occur in.
The % of zone indicates how rare, or difficult the species may be to find within the zone.\
THREATENED REPTILES
Common Name Scientific name Status % of totaldistribution*
% of zone**
Atherton Delma, Legless Lizard Delma mitella Vulnerable 100 0.52
Yakka Skink Egernia rugosa Vulnerable 3.3 8.96
THREATENED REPTILES
Olive Ridley Turtle, Pacific Ridley Turtle Lepidochelys olivacea Endangered 0.02 1.27
Leatherback Turtle, Leathery Turtle, Luth Dermochelys coriacea Endangered 0.01 1.27
Flatback Turtle Natator depressus Vulnerable 0.01 1.31
Loggerhead Turtle Caretta caretta Endangered 0.01 1.29
Green Turtle Chelonia mydas Vulnerable 0.01 1.31
Hawksbill Turtle Eretmochelys imbricata Vulnerable 0.01 1.29
Ornamental Snake Denisonia maculata Vulnerable May be present
May be present
OTHER THREATENED FAUNA
Common name Scientific name Status % of totaldistribution*
% of zone**
Opal Cling Goby Stiphodon semoni CriticallyEndangered
100 0.01
Armoured Mistfrog Litoria lorica CriticallyEndangered
100 0.15
Tinkling Frog Taudactylus rheophilus Endangered 100 1.18
Lake Eacham Rainbowfish Melanotaenia eachamensis Endangered 99.18 0.52
Lace-eyed Tree Frog, Australian Lacelid Nyctimystes dayi Endangered 97.62 53.08
Mountain Mistfrog Litoria nyakalensis CriticallyEndangered
97.61 8.89
Waterfall Frog, Torrent Tree Frog Litoria nannotis Endangered 67.25 0.09
Common Mistfrog Litoria rheocola Endangered 64.56 53.06
Magnificent Brood Frog Pseudophryne covacevichae Vulnerable 60.53 2.26
Kuranda Tree Frog Litoria myola Endangered 49.73 0.13
Largetooth Sawfish, Freshwater Sawfish, River Sawfish, Leichhardt’s Sawfish, Northern Sawfish
Pristis pristis Vulnerable 0.1 4.11
Dwarf Sawfish, Queensland Sawfish Pristis clavata Vulnerable 0.04 0.30
Speartooth Shark Glyphis glyphis CriticallyEndangered
n/a n/a
Green Sawfish, Dindagubba, Narrowsnout Sawfish
Pristis zijsron Vulnerable n/a n/a
Whale Shark Rhincodon typus Vulnerable n/a n/a
THREATENED FLORA
Common Name Scientific name Status % of totaldistribution*
% of zone**
None Cyperus cephalotes Endangered 100 0.17
Cardwell Beard Orchid Calochilus psednus Endangered 100 0.02
None Vappodes lithocola Endangered 100 0.53
None Canarium acutifolium var. acutifolium
Vulnerable 100 0.66
None Toechima pterocarpum Endangered 100 0.56
None Carronia pedicellata Endangered 100 4.49
THREATENED FLORA
None Oreogrammitis reinwardtii Vulnerable 100 0.24
None Drosera schizandra Vulnerable 100 0.25
None Vrydagzynea grayi Endangered 100 0.68
None Actephila foetida Vulnerable 100 0.07
None Phaleria biflora Vulnerable 100 4.21
None Endiandra cooperana Endangered 100 0.31
None Plesioneuron tuberculatum Endangered 100 1.08
None Sankowskya stipularis Endangered 100 0.20
a sedge Eleocharis retroflexa Vulnerable 100 0.22
None Drosera prolifera Vulnerable 100 1.08
None Hexaspora pubescens Vulnerable 100 0.67
None Crepidium lawleri Endangered 100 0.35
an aquatic herb Aponogeton prolifer Endangered 100 0.19
None Eucryphia wilkiei Vulnerable 100 0.13
Cardwell Midge Orchid Genoplesium tectum Endangered 100 0.21
None Plectranthus gratus Vulnerable 100 0.34
a fern Lastreopsis walleri Vulnerable 100 2.51
None Ristantia gouldii Vulnerable 100 2.31
None Xanthostemon formosus Endangered 100 0.14
None Fimbristylis adjuncta Endangered 100 0.06
None Diplazium cordifolium Vulnerable 100 1.30
None Asplenium pellucidum Vulnerable 100 0.39
Myola Palm, Myola Archontophoenix Archontophoenix myolensis Endangered 100 0.69
Square Tassel Fern Phlegmariurus tetrastichoides Vulnerable 99.99 3.46
None Gardenia actinocarpa Endangered 99.99 0.18
None Tomophyllum walleri Vulnerable 99.98 2.44
None Phlegmariurus lockyeri Vulnerable 99.94 1.84
None Eremochloa muricata Endangered 99.92 0.01
None Chingia australis Endangered 99.83 5.70
Red Silky Oak, Queensland Waratah, Tree Waratah
Alloxylon flammeum Vulnerable 99.8 2.61
Rat’s Tail Tassel-fern Phlegmariurus filiformis Endangered 99.77 5.76
None Asplenium wildii Vulnerable 99.73 0.66
None Polyscias bellendenkerensis Vulnerable 98.89 5.16
None Aponogeton bullosus Endangered 98.82 2.05
None Sauropus macranthus Vulnerable 98.8 2.85
None Tylophora rupicola Endangered 97.17 0.91
Thin Feather Orchid Tropilis callitrophilis Vulnerable 95.74 11.44
THREATENED FLORA
Ant Plant Myrmecodia beccarii Vulnerable 95.35 2.74
None Diplazium pallidum Endangered 93.9 1.71
None Zieria obovata Vulnerable 91.58 0.24
an orchid Durabaculum mirbelianum Endangered 86.02 3.53
Yellowjacket Corymbia leptoloma Vulnerable 81.32 0.38
Water Tassel-fern Phlegmariurus marsupiiformis Vulnerable 75.04 5.58
Velvet Jewel Orchid Zeuxine polygonoides Vulnerable 69.07 10.94
None Prostanthera clotteniana Critically Endangered
65.79 0.60
* % of total distribution describes the proportion of the total national distribution of the threatened species that is found within the zone.
** % of zone describes the proportion of the zone that the threatened species is likely or known to occur in. The % of zone indicates how rare, or difficult the species may be to find within the zone.
The above species are listed under The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act), the Australian Government’s principal environmental legislation.
Please note that the list of threatened flora species is not comprehensive. The flora listed here have a significant proportion of their total national distribution within the zone. For more information please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species or the Species Profiles and Threats Database http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/sprat.pl
EPBC Act (1999) migratory speciesMIGRATORY BIRDS
Common name Scientific name
Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica
Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica
Black-faced Monarch Monarcha melanopsis
Black-naped Tern Sterna sumatrana
Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa
Bridled Tern Sterna anaethetus
Broad-billed Sandpiper Limicola falcinellus
Brown Booby Sula leucogaster
Caspian Tern Sterna caspia
Cattle Egret Ardea ibis
Common Noddy Anous stolidus
Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos
Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea
Double-banded Plover Charadrius bicinctus
Eastern Curlew Numenius madagascariensis
Fork-tailed Swift Apus pacificus
Great Egret,White Egret
Ardea alba
Great Knot Calidris tenuirostris
Greater Sand Plover, Large Sand Plover Charadrius leschenaultii
Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarola
Grey-tailed Tattler Heteroscelus brevipes
Latham’s Snipe,Japanese Snipe
Gallinago hardwickii
Lesser Crested Tern Sterna bengalensis
Lesser Sand Plover, Mongolian Plover Charadrius mongolus
Little Curlew, Little Whimbrel Numenius minutus
Little Tern Sterna albifrons
Marsh Sandpiper, Little Greenshank Tringa stagnatilis
Masked Booby Sula dactylatra
Melville Cicadabird Coracina tenuirostrismelvillensis
Oriental Plover, Oriental Dotterel Charadrius veredus
Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva
Painted Snipe Rostratula benghalensis(sensu lato)
Rainbow Bee-eater Merops ornatus
Red Knot, Knot Calidris canutus
MIGRATORY BIRDS
Red-necked Stint Calidris ruficollis
Roseate Tern Sterna dougallii
Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres
Rufous Fantail Rhipidura rufifrons
Sanderling Calidris alba
Sarus Crane Grus antigone
Satin Flycatcher Myiagra cyanoleuca
Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Calidris acuminata
Spectacled Monarch Monarcha trivirgatus
Streaked Shearwater Calonectris leucomelas
Streaked Shearwater Puffinus leucomelas
Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus
Wedge-tailedShearwater
Puffinus pacificus
Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus
White-belliedSea-Eagle
Haliaeetus leucogaster
White-throatedNeedletail
Hirundapus caudacutus
OTHER MIGRATORY SPECIES
Common name Scientific name
Blue Whale Balaenoptera musculus
Bryde’s Whale Balaenoptera edeni
Dugong Dugong dugon
Flatback Turtle Natator depressus
Green Turtle Chelonia mydas
Hawksbill Turtle Eretmochelys imbricata
Humpback Whale Megaptera novaeangliae
Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphin Sousa chinensis
Irrawaddy Dolphin Orcaella brevirostris
Killer Whale, Orca Orcinus orca
Leatherback Turtle, Leathery Turtle, Luth Dermochelys coriacea
Loggerhead Turtle Caretta caretta
Olive Ridley Turtle, Pacific Ridley Turtle Lepidochelys olivacea
Porbeagle, Mackerel Shark Lamna nasus
Salt-water Crocodile, Estuarine Crocodile Crocodylus porosus
Whale Shark Rhincodon typus
For more information please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/biodiversity/migratory -species
Threatened endemic speciesTHREATENED ENDEMIC SPECIES
Taxonomic group
Scientific name Reservation status EPBC Act status IUCN status
Crabs, Yabbies, Isopods and Allies
Euastacus fleckeri Recorded in Reserve n/a Endangered
Crabs, Yabbies, Isopods and Allies
Euastacus robertsi Recorded in Reserve n/a Critically Endangered
Dragonflies Austroaeschna forcipata Recorded in Reserve n/a Near Threatened
Fish Cairnsichthys rhombosomoides Recorded in Reserve n/a Vulnerable
Fish Melanotaenia eachamensis Recorded in Reserve Endangered Vulnerable
Frogs Litoria andiirrmalin Recorded in Reserve n/a Vulnerable
Mammals Antechinus godmani Recorded in Reserve n/a Near Threatened
Mammals Melomys rubicola Recorded in Reserve Endangered Critically Endangered
Molluscs Hedleya macleayi Recorded in Reserve n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Signepupina pfeifferi Recorded in Reserve n/a Near Threatened
Molluscs Suavocallia splendens Recorded in Reserve n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Hedleyoconcha ailaketoae Recorded in Reserve n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Craterodiscus pricei Recorded in Reserve n/a Near Threatened
Plants Aponogeton bullosus Recorded in Reserve Endangered n/a
Plants Aponogeton prolifer Unreserved Endangered n/a
Plants Archontophoenix myolensis Unreserved Endangered Vulnerable
Plants Wodyetia bifurcata Recorded in Reserve Vulnerable ConservationDependent
Plants Calochilus psednus Recorded in Reserve Endangered n/a
Plants Corunastylis tecta Recorded in Reserve Endangered n/a
Plants Crepidium lawleri Recorded in Reserve Endangered n/a
Plants Durabaculum nindii Recorded in Reserve Endangered n/a
Plants Oberonia attenuata Unreserved Extinct n/a
Plants Phaius pictus Recorded in Reserve Vulnerable n/a
Plants Tropilis callitrophilis Recorded in Reserve Vulnerable n/a
Plants Vrydagzynea grayi Recorded in Reserve Endangered n/a
Plants Zeuxine polygonoides Recorded in Reserve Vulnerable n/a
Plants Drosera prolifera Recorded in Reserve Vulnerable n/a
Plants Drosera schizandra Recorded in Reserve Vulnerable n/a
Plants Cycas candida Recorded in Reserve n/a Endangered
Plants Acacia solenota Unreserved Vulnerable n/a
Plants Dioclea hexandra Recorded in Reserve Vulnerable n/a
Plants Endiandra cooperana Recorded in Reserve Endangered n/a
Plants Huperzia filiformis Recorded in Reserve Endangered n/a
Plants Huperzia lockyeri Recorded in Reserve Vulnerable n/a
THREATENED ENDEMIC SPECIES
Plants Huperzia prolifera Recorded in Reserve Vulnerable n/a
Plants Huperzia squarrosa Recorded in Reserve Endangered n/a
Plants Actephila foetida Recorded in Reserve Vulnerable n/a
Plants Sankowskya stipularis Recorded in Reserve Endangered n/a
Plants Phaleria biflora Recorded in Reserve Vulnerable n/a
Plants Ristantia gouldii Recorded in Reserve Vulnerable n/a
Plants Triplarina nitchaga Recorded in Reserve Vulnerable n/a
Plants Xanthostemon formosus Recorded in Reserve Endangered n/a
Plants Ceratopetalum succirubrum Recorded in Reserve n/a Vulnerable
Plants Eucryphia wilkiei Recorded in Reserve Vulnerable n/a
Plants Agathis atropurpurea Recorded in Reserve n/a Near Threatened
Plants Agathis microstachya Recorded in Reserve n/a ConservationDependent
Plants Podocarpus dispermus Recorded in Reserve n/a Near Threatened
Plants Podocarpus smithii Recorded in Reserve n/a ConservationDependent
Plants Oreogrammitis reinwardtii Recorded in Reserve Vulnerable n/a
Plants Tomophyllum walleri Recorded in Reserve Vulnerable n/a
Plants Alloxylon flammeum Recorded in Reserve Vulnerable n/a
Plants Carronia pedicellata Recorded in Reserve Endangered n/a
Plants Aglaia australiensis Recorded in Reserve n/a Vulnerable
Plants Aglaia meridionalis Recorded in Reserve n/a Near Threatened
Plants Flindersia laevicarpa Recorded in Reserve n/a Vulnerable
Plants Zieria obovata Recorded in Reserve Vulnerable n/a
Plants Toechima pterocarpum Recorded in Reserve Endangered n/a
Concentrations of unreserved endemic species
The colour grids and numbers are an indication of the location and number of endemic species that have all their known range outside of the National Reserve System. Concentrations of unreserved endemic species may be useful focal areas for private land conservation efforts.
Endemism analyses were provided by the Australian Government Department of Environment Australian Natural Heritage Assessment Tool (ANHAT). The ANHAT database has been compiled from specimens and site records held in state agency wildlife atlases, museum collections, and the work of individual researchers. For more information please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/publications-and-resources/australian-natural-heritage-assessment-tool
Invasive speciesINVASIVE MAMMALS
Common name Scientific name % of total distribution* % of zone**
Cat, House Cat, Domestic Cat Felis catus 0.39 99.54
Pig Sus scrofa 0.84 99.38
Black Rat, Ship Rat Rattus rattus 1.86 69.53
Domestic Dog Canis lupus familiaris 0.76 63.87
Rabbit, European Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus 0.22 40.55
House Mouse Mus musculus 0.28 33.42
Domestic Cattle Bos taurus 0.58 33.06
Red Fox, Fox Vulpes vulpes 0.11 23.08
Brown Rat, Norway Rat Rattus norvegicus 1.4 8.95
Feral deer species in Australia Feral deer 0.69 8.83
Horse Equus caballus 0.11 5.71
Goat Capra hircus 0.03 1.96
Brown Hare Lepus capensis 0.01 0.36
OTHER INVASIVE FAUNA
Common name Scientific name % of total distribution* % of zone**
Cane Toad Rhinella marina 1.54 99.69
House Sparrow Passer domesticus 0.9 89.12
Rock Pigeon, Rock Dove, Domestic Pigeon Columba livia 0.92 78.42
Nutmeg Mannikin Lonchura punctulata 8.36 74.49
Spotted Turtle-Dove Streptopelia chinensis 2.61 72.89
Common Myna, Indian Myna Acridotheres tristis 3.33 57.77
Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris 0.68 49.49
Asian House Gecko Hemidactylus frenatus 5.77 43.57
Mourning Gecko Lepidodactylus lugubris 31.55 19.87
Mallard Anas platyrhynchos 0.74 17.50
Flowerpot Blind Snake, Brahminy Blind Snake, Cacing Besi
Ramphotyphlops braminus 1.93 3.70
Red Junglefowl, Domestic Fowl Gallus gallus 11.91 0.17
Indian Peafowl, Peacock Pavo cristatus 0.7 0.17
* % of the total national distribution of the invasive species found within the zone.
** % of the total zone area that the invasive species is likely or known to occur in.
INVASIVE FLORA
Common name Scientific name % of total distribution* % of zone**
INVASIVE FLORA
Lantana, Common Lantana, Kamara Lantana, Large-leaf Lantana, Pink Flowered Lantana, Red Flowered Lantana, Red-Flowered Sage, White Sage, Wild Sage
Lantana camara 5.89 96.33
Hymenachne, Olive Hymenachne, Water Stargrass, West Indian Grass, West Indian Marsh Grass
Hymenachne amplexicaulis 9.58 72.49
Buffel-grass, Black Buffel-grass Cenchrus ciliaris 0.56 64.84
Salvinia, Giant Salvinia, Aquarium Watermoss, Kariba Weed
Salvinia molesta 6.04 62.77
Pond Apple, Pond-apple Tree, Alligator Apple, Bullock’s Heart, Cherimoya, Monkey Apple, Bobwood, Corkwood
Annona glabra 51.2 60.41
Parthenium Weed, Bitter Weed, Carrot Grass, False Ragweed
Parthenium hysterophorus 2.77 57.02
Rubber Vine, Rubbervine, India Rubber Vine, India Rubbervine, Palay Rubbervine, Purple Allamanda
Cryptostegia grandiflora 2 45.65
Cabomba, Fanwort, Carolina Watershield, Fish Grass, Washington Grass, Watershield, Carolina Fanwort, Common Cabomba
Cabomba caroliniana 8.53 29.33
Gamba Grass Andropogon gayanus 6.85 21.29
Cotton-leaved Physic-Nut, Bellyache Bush, Cotton-leaf Physic Nut, Cotton-leaf Jatropha, Black Physic Nut
Jatropha gossypifolia 1.41 18.99
Cat’s Claw Vine, Yellow Trumpet Vine, Cat’s Claw Creeper, Funnel Creeper
Dolichandra unguis-cati 5.81 11.07
Madeira Vine, Jalap, Lamb’s-tail, Mignonette Vine, Anredera, Gulf Madeiravine, Heartleaf Madeiravine, Potato Vine
Anredera cordifolia 2.76 8.62
Climbing Asparagus-fern Asparagus plumosus 6.41 6.99
Climbing Asparagus-fern, Ferny Asparagus Protasparagus plumosus 6.41 6.99
Delta Arrowhead, Arrowhead, Slender Arrowhead Sagittaria platyphylla 2.31 6.54
Water Hyacinth, Water Orchid, Nile Lily Eichhornia crassipes 1.94 6.11
Fireweed, Madagascar Ragwort, Madagascar Groundsel
Senecio madagascariensis 1.05 5.17
Prickly Acacia Acacia nilotica subsp. indica 0.13 5.11
Prickly Pears Opuntia spp. 0.32 4.04
Asparagus Fern, Ground Asparagus, Basket Fern, Sprengi’s Fern, Bushy Asparagus, Emerald Asparagus
Asparagus aethiopicus 2.59 2.68
Prickly Acacia, Blackthorn, Prickly Mimosa, Black Piquant, Babul
Vachellia nilotica 0.02 0.36
Mesquite, Algaroba Prosopis spp. 0.02 0.36
Parkinsonia, Jerusalem Thorn, Jelly Bean Tree, Horse Bean
Parkinsonia aculeata 0.01 0.36
* % of the total national distribution of the invasive species found within the zone.
** % of the total zone area that the invasive species is likely or known to occur in.
It should be noted that the identification of any given invasive species above does not imply that the species is found uniformly across the Conservation Management Zone. The % of the zone area (**) indicates how common or rare the species may be within the zone.
For more information on invasive species please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/biodiversity/invasive-species
Vegetation profiles and management recommendations
Vegetation extent information and species lists contained in the vegetation profiles are based on analysis from the National Vegetation Information System (NVIS), including analysis of Major Vegetation Subgroups and NVIS Level V descriptions. Please see http://www.environment.gov.au/node/18930 for more information.
The management recommendations have been drawn from EPBC Act Recovery Plans, EPBC Act Ecological Communities Listing Advice and other sources. The recommendations are indicative only. Systematic reviews of management literature, consultation processes and improved Natural Resource Management program monitoring and evaluation will support development of a comprehensive set of management recommendations over time.
Eucalyptus woodlands with a tussock grass understorey vegetation profile
91.87% Remaining
Commonly found species within this communityCorymbia clarksoniana; Corymbia nesophila; Eucalyptus platyphylla; Eucalyptus leptophleba; Corymbia tessellaris; Corymbia citriodora; Corymbia intermedia; Eucalyptus portuensis; Lophostemon suaveolens; Melaleuca nervosa; Planchonia careya; Flueggea virosa; Xanthorrhoea johnsonii; Themeda triandra; Imperata cylindrica; Heteropogon contortus; Panicum maximum; tussock grass.
Management recommendationsPROTECTION SUSTAINABLE
AGRICULTURALPRACTICE
REHABILITATION
FIREMANAGEMENT
WILDLIFEMANAGEMENT
WEEDMANAGEMENT
FERALANIMALMANAGEMENT
DISEASEMANAGEMENT
Encourage uptake of conservation agreements and covenants on private land.
Manage post-fire grazing pressure from domestic livestock. Manage total grazing pressure to maintain ground cover at all times.
Implement customary Aboriginal fire management approaches.Burn in early in dry season to reduce risk of extensive lateseason wildfires.Undertake mosaic burns,
Manage highly flammable invasive pasture grass species, especially Gamba Grass and Buffel Grass.Manage rubber Vine.
Maintain Dingo populations to suppress populations of vertebrate pests.
PROTECTION SUSTAINABLEAGRICULTURALPRACTICE
REHABILITATION
FIREMANAGEMENT
WILDLIFEMANAGEMENT
WEEDMANAGEMENT
FERALANIMALMANAGEMENT
DISEASEMANAGEMENT
ideally at hectare scale (at most tens of hectares) and with fire-free intervals of atleast 4–5 years. Undertake fine rather than broad-scale burning to protect vulnerable habitats such as riparian corridors, rocky landscapes and monsoonrainforest patches.
Tropical or sub-tropical rainforest vegetation profile
68.92% Remaining
Commonly found species within this communityElaeocarpus grandis; Paraserianthes toona; Pleiogynium timorense; Acmena graveolens; Buchanania arborescens; Beilschmiedia obtusifolia; Beilschmiedia bancroftii; Archontophoenix alexandrae; Blepharocarya involucrigera; Acacia mangium; Acacia polystachya; Ficus virens; Mimusops elengi; Argyrodendron polyandrum; Argyrodendron peralatum; Canarium australianum; Terminalia sericocarpa; Alstonia scholaris; Polyscias elegans; Calamus caryotoides; Adiantum hispidulum; Doodia caudata; fern; vine.
Management recommendationsPROTECTION SUSTAINABLE
AGRICULTURALPRACTICE
REHABILITATION FIREMANAGEMENT
WILDLIFEMANAGEMENT
WEEDMANAGEMENT
FERALANIMALMANAGEMENT
DISEASEMANAGEMENT
Purchase threatened ecological communities, such as Mabi forest and littoral rainforest remnants into reservation.Encourage uptake of conservation agreements and covenants on private land.Establish buffer zones around remnants to reduce edge effects (e.g incursion by pest animals and weeds). Protect local hydrology and ensure no negative impacts from run-off and sedimentation.
Discourage selective logging in order to maintain the ecological integrity of remnant and regrowth fragments.
Repair, expand and connect existing remnants through appropriate rainforest rehabilitation methods (see Goosem and Tucker, 2005).Introduce epiphytic ferns characteristic of Mabi Forest during restoration activities, focusing on tree species from the plant families Meliaceae
and Rutaceae.Collect and store seeds.Replant Mabi forest species and streambank revegetation toprevent erosion.Maintain and monitor rehabilitated
Protect the edges of remnants from stubble fires in adjoining paddocks.Ensure margins and buffers around remnants community are as weed free as possible to reduce fire risk.
Minimise impacts of roads and vehicles on wildlife through traffic management and other measures.Improve the connectivity of remnants to facilitate wildlife movement, particularly for species such as Lumholtz’s tree kangaroo. Re-establish populations of key fruit-eating animals, such as the Southern Cassowary (this facilitates successful restoration).
Monitor for, and remove transformer weeds and other weeds, particularly around margins and where canopy disturbance has occurred. Avoid adverse impacts from chemicals or other
mechanisms to manage weeds.
Implement actions to reduce dog attacks in tree-kangaroo habitat including regulations and incentives to minimise the incidence of roaming dogs.Control exotic pests including pigs and feral deer (Rusa, Sambar and Hog deer). Fence sites to exclude deer and other pests where appropriate.Monitor for and eradicate Asian Honey Bees and invasive ants, especially Yellow Crazy Ants and Electric Ants.
Implement hygiene measures to prevent the spread of Myrtle Rust and Phytophthora dieback.
Warm Temperate Rainforest vegetation profile
94.72% Remaining
Commonly found species within this communityCryptocarya oblata; Corymbia torelliana; Balanops australiana; Argyrodendron polyandrum; Acacia celsa; Acacia polystachya; Ceratopetalum virchowii; Cryptocarya cinnamomifolia; Syncarpia glomulifera; Beilschmiedia obtusifolia; Buchanania arborescens; Argyrodendron trifoliolatum; Ceratopetalum succirubrum; Austromatthaea elegans; Blechnum patersonii; Acmena resa; Bolbitis quoyana; Oenotrichia tripinnata; Blechnum sp; Calamus sp; fern; vine.
Management recommendationsPROTECTION SUSTAINABLE
AGRICULTURALPRACTICE
REHABILITATION FIREMANAGEMENT
WILDLIFEMANAGEMENT
WEEDMANAGEMENT
FERALANIMALMANAGEMENT
DISEASEMANAGEMENT
Purchase remnants into reservation.Encourage uptake of conservation agreements and covenants on private land.Protect local hydrology and ensure no negative impacts from run-off and sedimentation.
Repair, expand and connect existing remnants through appropriate rainforest rehabilitation methods (see Goosem and Tucker, 2005)Maintain and monitor rehabilitated remnants.Collect and store seeds.
Protect the edges of remnants from stubble fires in adjoining paddocks.Ensure margins and buffers around remnants community are as weed free as possible to reduce fire risk.
Minimise impacts of roads and vehicles on wildlife through traffic management and other measures.Improve the connectivity of remnants to facilitate wildlife movement.
Monitor for, and remove transformer weeds and other weeds, particularly around margins and where canopy disturbance has occurred. Avoid adverse impacts from chemicals or other mechanisms to manage weeds.
Control feral pigs and deer (Rusa, Sambar and Hog deer). Fence sites to exclude deer and other pests where appropriate.Monitor for and eradicate Asian Honey Bees and invasive ants, especially Yellow Crazy Ants and Electric Ants.
Implement hygiene measures to prevent the spread of Myrtle Rust and Phytophthora dieback.
Eucalyptus open forests with a shrubby understorey
79.63% Remaining
Commonly found species within this communityCorymbia intermedia; Eucalyptus pellita; Eucalyptus tereticornis; Eucalyptus portuensis; Eucalyptus drepanophylla; Acacia leptostachya; Argophyllum lejourdanii; Drynaria quercifolia; Xanthorrhoea johnsonii; Themeda triandra; Panicum maximum; Entolasia stricta; Panicum effusum; Imperata cylindrica; tussock grass; grass tree.
Management recommendationsPROTECTION SUSTAINABLE
AGRICULTURALPRACTICE
REHABILITATION FIREMANAGEMENT
WILDLIFEMANAGEMENT
WEEDMANAGEMENT
FERALANIMALMANAGEMENT
DISEASEMANAGEMENT
Encourage uptake of conservation agreements and covenants on private land.
Manage post-fire grazing pressure from domesticlivestock. Manage total grazing pressure to maintain ground cover at all times.
Implement customary Aboriginal fire management approaches.Burn in early dry season to reduce risk of extensive lateseason wildfires.Undertake mosaic burns, ideally at hectare scale (at most tens of hectares) and with fire-free intervals of at least 4–5 years. Undertake fine rather than broad-scale burning to protect vulnerable habitatssuch as riparian corridors, rockylandscapes
Manage highly flammable invasive pasture grass species, especially Gamba Grass and Buffel Grass.Manage rubber Vine.
Maintain Dingo populations to suppress populations of vertebrate pests.
Melaleuca open forests and woodlands
58.66% Remaining
Commonly found species within this communityMelaleuca quinquenervia; Melaleuca viridiflora; Melaleuca leucadendra; Melaleuca dealbata; Dillenia alata; Syzygium angophoroides; Eucalyptus platyphylla; Xanthostemon crenulatus; Lophostemon suaveolens; Corymbia tessellaris; Eucalyptus tereticornis; Dicranopteris linearis; Pandanus sp; palm; Melastoma affine; Xanthorrhoea johnsonii; Lomandra sp; Themeda triandra; Imperata cylindrica; Heteropogon contortus; tussock grass; fern; grass-tree; sedge.
Management recommendationsPROTECTION SUSTAINABLE
AGRICULTURALPRACTICE
REHABILITATION FIREMANAGEMENT
WILDLIFEMANAGEMENT
WEEDMANAGEMENT
FERALANIMALMANAGEMENT
DISEASEMANAGEMENT
Maintain a 40 metre minimum buffer zone around remnants. Purchase remnants of broad leaf tea-tree (Melaleuca viridiflora) woodlands into reservation. Encourage uptake of conservation agreements and covenants on private land. Protect local hydrology and ensure no negative impacts from run-off, sedimentation, salinity or pollution. Protect from further
Do not place artificial watering or feeding points within remnants. Manage grazing practices and stocking rates to ensure ground cover is maintained. Protect remnants from spray drift from adjacent paddocks.
Seek advice from your local NRM organisation and fire service prior to undertaking fire management. Fires that occur too frequently impact on the diverse ground layer, simplifying the structure. Absence of fire is detrimental and leads to vegetation becoming dominated by rainforest or shrubby species.Provide maps of known occurrences to local and state Rural Fire Services.
Protect from illegal wildlife harvesting from orchid and butterfly collectors. Epiphytes on Broad leaf tea-tree trunks including the tea-tree orchid and button orchid are targeted as well as the ant plant which is also cut open in order to take the larvae of the Apollo jewel butterfly.
Avoid soil disturbance and increased soil fertility. Manage snakeweed, rat’s tail, sensitive weed (Mimosa pudica), urena burr, Chinese burr, spiny sida, thatch grass, Guinea grass and Sida rhombifolia.Avoid adverse impacts from chemicals or other mechanisms to manage weeds.Manage forestry practices (especially pine) to minimise potential invasion of remnants from neighbouring
Control invasive animals such as goats, pigs and feral horses.Manage the coastal brown ant which is displacing native ants including golden ants that inhabit the ant plant and play a vital role in survival of both it and the Apollo jewel butterfly.
Develop and implement suitable hygiene protocols to protect sites from potential outbreaks of myrtle rust (Uredo rangelii).
PROTECTION SUSTAINABLEAGRICULTURALPRACTICE
REHABILITATION FIREMANAGEMENT
WILDLIFEMANAGEMENT
WEEDMANAGEMENT
FERALANIMALMANAGEMENT
DISEASEMANAGEMENT
fragmentation (prevent and educate about the damaging impacts of small-scale clearing).
plantations.
