Conservation Management Zones of Australia: Esperance ... · Web viewWe honour the deep spiritual,...

Conservation Management Zones of AustraliaEsperance Coastal Shrublands and Mallee

Prepared by the Department of the Environment

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This project and associated products are the result of a collaboration between the Biodiversity Conservation Division and the Environmental Resources Information Network (ERIN). Invaluable input, advice and support were provided by staff and leading researchers from across the Department of the Environment (DotE), Department of Agriculture (DoA), the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), and the academic community. We would particularly like to thank staff within the Wildlife, Heritage and Marine Division, Parks Australia and the Environment Assessment and Compliance Division of DotE, Nyree Stenekes and Robert Kancans (ABARES), Sue McIntyre (CSIRO), Richard Hobbs (University of Western Australia), Michael Hutchinson (ANU); David Lindenmayer and Emma Burns (ANU); and Gilly Llewellyn, Martin Taylor and other staff from the World Wildlife Fund for their generosity and advice.

Special thanks to CSIRO staff Kristen Williams and Simon Ferrier whose modelling of biodiversity patterns enabled identification of the Conservation Management Zones of Australia.

© Commonwealth of Australia, 2015.

The Conservation Management Zones of Australia profile is licensed by the Commonwealth of Australia for use under a Creative Commons By Attribution 3.0 Australia licence with the exception of the Coat of Arms of the Commonwealth of Australia, the logo of the agency responsible for publishing the report, content supplied by third parties, and any images depicting people.

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ContentsAcknowledgement of Traditional Owners and Country.................................................................4

Introduction....................................................................................................................................4

Zone at a glance............................................................................................................................5

Population characteristics..............................................................................................................9

Employment, volunteering and incomes......................................................................................14

Agriculture, Natural Resource Management practices and sources of NRM advice...................16

Land tenure, land use, Native Title and Local Government Areas..............................................20

Zone vegetation characteristics...................................................................................................22

Ramsar and Nationally Important Wetlands................................................................................23

World and National Heritage.......................................................................................................23

Major National Reserve System properties.................................................................................24

EPBC Act (1999) threatened ecological communities.................................................................25

EPBC Act (1999) threatened species..........................................................................................25

EPBC Act (1999) migratory species............................................................................................29

Threatened endemic species......................................................................................................31

Invasive species..........................................................................................................................33

Vegetation profiles and management recommendations............................................................35

Acknowledgement of Traditional Owners and CountryThe Australian Government acknowledges Australia’s Traditional Owners and pays respect to Elders past and present of our nation’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. We honour the deep spiritual, cultural and customary connections of Traditional Owners to the Australian landscape, including Australia’s waterways, land and sea country.

Introduction The 23 Conservation Management Zones of Australia are geographic areas, classified according to their ecological and threat characteristics. The zones are also aligned with the Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation of Australia.

The Conservation Management Zones provide a way of understanding Australia’s natural environment that will assist in long-term conservation planning and help the Australian Government to better design, deliver and report on Natural Resource Management (NRM) investments, including ensuring alignment of national NRM priorities with local action.

The Conservation Management Zones also provide a filter through which to make national environmental and socio-economic data more accessible and comprehensible, and a framework for gathering on-ground knowledge and expertise about the environment. This will improve information flow to the Australian Government about regional NRM requirements, best practice management, emerging NRM issues and knowledge gaps.

The Conservation Management Zones do not represent any change to existing administrative boundaries or governance structures, but aim to support the NRM and wider community to cooperatively manage environmental assets across boundaries, where they share common threats, ecological characteristics and stakeholders.

Each Conservation Management Zone profile contains a standard suite of nationally available ecological and socio-economic information. We hope that this information will enable Australians of all ages and backgrounds to engage with, understand and appreciate Australian landscapes, and support all Australians to manage our natural resources more effectively.

The profile information provides an indicative, high-level stock-take of the environmental and socio-economic landscape and it is not intended to be comprehensive. It should also be noted that, at present, the profiles contain only limited information on aquatic ecosystems, coastal assets and Indigenous land management practices. In future, consultation and comprehensive literature reviews will enable us to provide more complete information.

Zone at a glance

Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data

REGIONAL CENTRES POPULATION

Esperance 9,902

Bremer Bay 205

Hopetoun 789

Jerramungup 268

Ravensthorpe 388

NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (NRM) REGIONSSouth Coast NRM WA

TOP FIVE AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES VALUE (MILLIONS)

Cereals for grain $45

Beef $28

TOP FIVE AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES VALUE (MILLIONS)

Oilseeds $26

Wool $14

Lamb $11

Total value of agricultural commodities (including other commodities not listed here) $152

CLIMATE CHARACTERISTICS*Mean annual temperature 15.7 Celsius

Mean Maximum of the Hottest Month 27.1 Celsius

Mean Minimum of the Coldest Month 6.2 Celsius

Mean Annual Rainfall 482.0 mm

Dominant rainfall season Winter

* The figures are interpolated 75-year means (1921 to 1995) representing the period prior to the onset of rapid climatic warming. Cited in: Williams KJ, Belbin L, Austin MP, Stein J, Ferrier S (2012) Which environmental variables should I use in my biodiversity model? International Journal of Geographic Information Sciences 26(11), 2009–2047. (Data derived from Australian Climate surfaces version 2.1 for the ANUCLIM-BIOCLIM package).

For future climate projections please refer to: http://www.climatechangeinaustralia.gov.au/


Native Title area Although there have been no Native Title Determinations finalised within this Conservation Management Zone, it continues to represent important Indigenous heritage values and places that are of deep significance to Indigenous persons and their practices, observations, customs, beliefs and history.

http://www.climatechangeinaustralia.gov.au/

Source: Based on data from the National Native Title Register; Collaborative Australian Protected Area Database (CAPAD); National Vegetation Information System (NVIS); Species’ Profile and Threats Database (SPRAT).

Population characteristics

Population


LANGUAGES SPOKEN AT HOMEEnglish 90.78%

Other languages 3.27%

Not stated 5.92%

Education

Employment, volunteering and incomes

Employment


Volunteering

Income


Agriculture, Natural Resource Management practices and sources of NRM adviceAustralian farmers manage over 60% of the Australian continent and shoulder much of the burden of responsibility for maintaining and protecting Australia’s natural resource wealth. The information contained in this profile aims to assist the wider community, non-governmental organisations and government agencies to support Australia’s key environmental custodians.

Agricultural commodity values


Natural Resource Management practices and sources of NRM advice

* Data obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2012 Land Management Practices Survey (LaMPS) 2012. LaMPS collected land practices information from approximately 50,000 farm businesses across Australia. The data has been aligned to Conservation Management Zones from ABS Statistical Area 2 units and Australian Agricultural Environment units. The % figures presented here are indicative only. For more information on LaMPS please refer to: http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[email protected]/mf/4630.0

** The sample for the Drivers of Practice Change 2012 survey consisted of a random subsample of 1228 broadacre farm managers from the Australian Agricultural and Grazing Industries Survey (AAGIS) frame. The data has been aligned to Conservation Management Zones from ABS Statistical Area 2 units. For this reason, the figures presented here are indicative only.

^ This chart indicates the sources of advice utilised for native vegetation management from respondents who identified they sought advice.

For more information please refer to http://www.daff.gov.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/forestry/domestic-forestry/prep-for-future/drivers-

http://www.daff.gov.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/forestry/domestic-forestry/prep-for-future/drivers-

http://www.daff.gov.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/forestry/domestic-forestry/prep-for-future/drivers-

Land tenure, land use, Native Title and Local Government Areas

Source: Land tenure data based on Environmental Resources Information Network (ERIN) categorisation of Public Sector Mapping Authority (PSMA) State Tenure 2012; Land use mapping based on Australian Collaborative Land Use and Management Program (ACLUMP) 2012. For more information on Australian land use and management information and classification please refer to: http://www.daff.gov.au/ABARES/aclump/

INDIGENOUS LAND COUNCILS

Goldfields Land and Sea Council: www.glsc.com.au

INDIGENOUS LAND COUNCILS

South-West Aboriginal Land and Sea Council: http://www.noongar.org.au

Although there have been no Native Title Determinations finalised within this Conservation Management Zone, it continues to represent important Indigenous heritage values and places that are of deep significance to Indigenous persons and their practices, observations, customs, beliefs and history.

LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREASShire Of Gnowangerup WA

Shire Of Lake Grace WA

Shire Of Broomehill-Tambellup WA

Shire Of Cranbrook WA

Shire Of Plantagenet WA

Shire Of Jerramungup WA

City Of Albany WA

Shire Of Ravensthorpe WA

Shire Of Dundas WA

Shire Of Esperance WA

Zone vegetation characteristics

The National Vegetation Information System (NVIS) framework is a nationally consistent vegetation classification system based on vegetation data collected by states and territories. It provides information on the extent and distribution of vegetation types across the Australian landscape.

Two products are used to provide the Zone Vegetation Characteristics graph. A modelled pre-European vegetation distribution (pre-1750), and extant (current extent) vegetation, which is based on contemporary vegetation mapping. The information presented here relates to Major Vegetation Subgroups (MVSs). There are 85 MVS types across Australia, describing the structure and floristic composition of dominant and secondary vegetation stratums (e.g. canopy and mid-storey species). Major Vegetation Subgroups only reflect the dominant vegetation type occurring in an area from a mix of vegetation types. Less-dominant vegetation groups which may also be present are therefore not represented.

It is important to note that the vegetation information is indicative only, as state and territory mapping in Australia is of variable resolution and scale. However, this data is the best available nationally consistent information on vegetation, and the dataset continues to evolve and increase in accuracy.

Analysing this information at Conservation Management Zone, rather than national level provides greater discrimination for decision makers, as clearance levels of vegetation types are not uniform across Australia. For example, eucalypt woodlands with a tussock grass understory is a vegetation type found across Australia. In the Brigalow Woodlands Conservation Management Zone, eucalypt open woodlands with a tussock grass understory originally covered approximately 36% of the zone, but today it only covers only 14.5 % of the zone (58.7% of this vegetation community has been cleared in the Brigalow). In the Northern Australia Tropical Savannah zone, this vegetation type originally occupied 19.6% of the zone. Today, it occupies approximately 19.4% of the zone (only 2.3% of this vegetation type has been cleared). It should be noted that this data only provides an indication of change in extent, and not vegetation condition.

For more information on the National Vegetation Information System (NVIS) please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/science-and-research/databases-and-maps/national-vegetation-information-system

Ramsar and Nationally Important WetlandsRAMSAR WETLANDS JURISDICTION HECTARESLake Gore WA 4,000

Lake Warden System WA 2,000 For more information on Ramsar please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/WAter/WAter-our-environment/wetlands/ramsar-convention-wetlands

NATIONALLY IMPORTANT WETLANDS JURISDICTION HECTARES CRITERIA

Balicup Lake System WA 286 1, 4, 5

Culham Inlet System WA 1,224 1, 3, 4, 6

Fitzgerald Inlet System WA 1,127 1, 3, 5, 6

Lake Gore System WA 2,187 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

Lake Warden System WA 1,045 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

Mortijinup Lake System WA 909 1, 3, 6

Pink Lake WA 1,038 1, 5, 6

Yellilup Yate Swamp System WA 756 1, 2, 3, 6

Nationally important wetlands are defined according to the following criteria:

1. It is a good example of a wetland type occurring within a biogeographic region in Australia.

2. It is a wetland which plays an important ecological or hydrological role in the natural functioning of a major wetland system/complex.

3. It is a wetland which is important as the habitat for animal taxa at a vulnerable stage in their life cycles, or provides a refuge when adverse conditions such as drought prevail.

4. The wetland supports 1% or more of the national populations of any native plant or animal taxa.

5. The wetland supports native plant or animal taxa or communities which are considered endangered or vulnerable at the national level.

6. The wetland is of outstanding historical or cultural significance.

Please note, the above are a subset of all the Nationally Important Wetlands found within the Zone. For more information on Nationally Important Wetlands please see: http://www.environment.gov.au/resource/directory-important-wetlands-australia-third-edition

World and National HeritageHERITAGE VALUES WORLD OR NATIONAL HERITAGE

TYPEJURISDICTION HECTARES % OF

ZONECheetup Rock Shelter National Indigenous WA 135,857 4.65

Stirling RangeNational Park

National Natural WA 108,210 3.70

Please refer to the Australian Heritage Database for detailed information on listing criteria for these heritage values: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/publications-and-resources/australian-heritage-database

For more information on Australia’s world and national heritage please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/about-australias-heritage

http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/about-australias-heritage

http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/publications-and-resources/australian-heritage-database

Major National Reserve System propertiesMAJOR NATIONAL RESERVE SYSTEM PROPERTIES

Name Property type IUCN category

Jurisdiction Hectares % of zone

Fitzgerald River National Park II WA 285,613 9.78

Nuytsland Nature Reserve IA WA 157,120 5.38

Cape Arid National Park II WA 156,479 5.36

Stirling Range National Park II WA 107,952 3.70

Cape Le Grand National Park II WA 30,789 1.05

Lake Shaster Nature Reserve IA WA 10,786 0.37

Stokes National Park II WA 9,976 0.34

Fitzgerald River National Park II WA 9,009 0.31

Jerdacuttup Lakes Nature Reserve IA WA 7,586 0.26

Recherche Archipelago Nature Reserve IA WA 6,794 0.23

Unnamed WA26885 Nature Reserve IA WA 5,577 0.19


Corackerup Nature Reserve IA WA 4,333 0.15

Helms Arboretum Miscellaneous Reserve VI WA 3,758 0.13

Camel Lake Nature Reserve IA WA 3,216 0.11

Waychinicup National Park II WA 3,125 0.11


Dunn Rock Nature Reserve IA WA 2,784 0.10

Kundip Nature Reserve IA WA 2,170 0.07

Mullet Lake Nature Reserve IA WA 1,893 0.06

THE IUCN CATEGORIES ARE AS FOLLOWS:

Ia Strict Nature Reserve IUCN protected area management categories classify protected areas according to their management objectives. The categories are recognised by international bodies such as the United Nations and are utilised by many national governments, including the Australian Government, as the global standard for defining and recording protected areas.

Ib Wilderness Area

II National Park

III Natural Monument or Feature

IV Habitat/Species Management Area

V Protected Landscape/ Seascape

VI Protected area with sustainable use of natural resources

Please refer to the IUCN website for further explanation: http://www.iucn.org/about/work/programmes/gpap_home/gpap_quality/gpap_pacategories/

For more information on Australia’s National Reserve System please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/land/national-reserve-system

Source: Collaborative Australian Protected Area Database 2012.

http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/land/national-reserve-system

http://www.iucn.org/about/work/programmes/gpap_home/gpap_quality/gpap_pacategories/

EPBC Act (1999) threatened ecological communitiesTHREATENED ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES

Name Listing status % of total distribution* % of zone**

Eastern Stirling Range Montane Heath and Thicket Endangered 100 0.02

Proteaceae Dominated Kwongkan Shrublands of the Southeast Coastal Floristic Province of Western Australia

Endangered 82.34 33.41

* % of the total national distribution describes the proportion of the total national distribution of the Threatened Ecological Community that is found within the zone.

** % of the total zone area describes the proportion of the zone that the Threatened Ecological Community is likely or known to occur in.

It should be noted that the identification of any given Threatened Ecological Community above does not imply that the Threatened Ecological Community (TEC) is found uniformly across the Conservation Management Zone. Rather, the % of the TEC’s total distribution (*) within the zone is an indication of its importance to that zone in terms of conservation efforts. The % of the zone (**) indicates how rare, or difficult the ecological community may be to find within the zone.

The threatened ecological communities above are listed under The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act), which is the Australian Government’s principal environmental legislation. For more information, please refer to http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/communities

EPBC Act (1999) threatened speciesTHREATENED MAMMALS

Common name Scientific name Status % of totaldistribution*

% of zone**

Dibbler Parantechinus apicalis Endangered 98.64 49.16

Recherche Rock-Wallaby Petrogale lateralis hacketti Vulnerable 97.29 0.03

Dayang, Heath Rat Pseudomys shortridgei Vulnerable 31.22 10.57

Numbat Myrmecobius fasciatus Vulnerable 19.60 3.70

Chuditch, Western Quoll Dasyurus geoffroii Vulnerable 17.54 99.12

Black-flanked Rock-WAllaby Petrogale lateralis lateralis Vulnerable 8.22 1.07

Red-tailed Phascogale Phascogale calura Endangered 1.21 0.53

Quokka Setonix brachyurus Vulnerable May be present*

May be present*

Western Ringtail Possum Pseudocheirus occidentalis Vulnerable May be present May be present

Blue Whale Balaenoptera musculus Endangered n/a n/a

Southern Right Whale Eubalaena australis Endangered n/a n/a

Australian Sea-lion Neophoca cinerea Vulnerable n/a n/a

Humpback Whale Megaptera novaeangliae Vulnerable n/a n/a

* Population in Stirling Ranges National Park, otherwise thought to be locally extinct.

THREATENED BIRDS


% of zone**

Western Ground Parrot, Kyloring Pezoporus flaviventris Critically Endangered

96.86 13.46

Western Bristlebird Dasyornis longirostris Vulnerable 77.84 17.88

Western Whipbird (western heath) Psophodes nigrogularis nigrogularis


Cape Barren Goose (south-western), Recherche Cape Barren Goose

Cereopsis novaehollandiae grisea

Vulnerable 69.73 31.46

Carnaby’s Black-Cockatoo, Short-billed Black-Cockatoo

Calyptorhynchus latirostris Endangered 12.66 95.58

Noisy Scrub-bird, Tjimiluk Atrichornis clamosus Vulnerable 8.37 0.54

Baudin’s Black-Cockatoo, Long-billed Black-Cockatoo

Calyptorhynchus baudinii Vulnerable 4.24 8.28

Malleefowl Leipoa ocellata Vulnerable 1.25 45.66

Australasian Bittern Botaurus poiciloptilus Endangered 0.9 11.37

Australian Fairy Tern Sternula nereis nereis Vulnerable 0.77 1.52

Forest Red-tailed Black-Cockatoo Calyptorhynchus banksii naso Vulnerable May be present

May be present

Slender-billed Thornbill (western) Acanthiza iredalei iredalei Vulnerable May be present May be present

Tristan Albatross Diomedea exulans exulans Endangered n/a n/a

Southern Giant-Petrel Macronectes giganteus Endangered n/a n/a

Northern Royal Albatross Diomedea epomophora sanfordi

Endangered n/a n/a

Indian Yellow-nosed Albatross Thalassarche carteri Vulnerable n/a n/a

Northern Giant-Petrel Macronectes halli Vulnerable n/a n/a

Antipodean Albatross Diomedea exulans antipodensis

Vulnerable n/a n/a

Wandering Albatross Diomedea exulans (sensu lato) Vulnerable n/a n/a

Soft-plumaged Petrel Pterodroma mollis Vulnerable n/a n/a

Campbell Albatross Thalassarche melanophris impavida

Vulnerable n/a n/a

Blue Petrel Halobaena caerulea Vulnerable n/a n/a

Southern Royal Albatross Diomedea epomophora epomophora

Vulnerable n/a n/a

Shy Albatross, Tasmanian Shy Albatross Thalassarche cauta cauta Vulnerable n/a n/a

White-capped Albatross Thalassarche cauta steadi Vulnerable n/a n/a

Black-browed Albatross Thalassarche melanophris Vulnerable n/a n/a

* % of total distribution describes the proportion of the total national distribution of the threatened species that is found within the zone.

** % of zone describes the proportion of the zone that the threatened species is likely or known to occur in.

The % of zone indicates how rare, or difficult the species may be to find within the zone.

THREATENED REPTILES

Common Name Scientific name Status % of totaldistribution*

% of zone**

Loggerhead Turtle Caretta caretta Endangered n/a n/a

Leatherback Turtle, Leathery Turtle, Luth Dermochelys coriacea Endangered n/a n/a

Green Turtle Chelonia mydas Vulnerable n/a n/a

OTHER THREATENED FAUNA


% of zone**

Spotted Galaxias (western subspecies), Western Spotted Galaxias, Western Trout Galaxias

Galaxias truttaceus hesperius Critically Endangered

9.71 0.05

Grey Nurse Shark (west coast population) Carcharias taurus (west coast population)

Vulnerable n/a n/a

Whale Shark Rhincodon typus Vulnerable n/a n/a

Great White Shark Carcharodon carcharias Vulnerable n/a n/a

THREATENED FLORA

Common Name Scientific name Status % of totaldistribution*

% of zone**

Coast Featherflower Verticordia helichrysantha Vulnerable 100.0 1.71

Large-flowered Scaevola Scaevola macrophylla Critically Endangered

100.0 0.05

Maroon-flowered Daviesia Daviesia glossosema Critically Endangered

100.0 0.06

Giant Andersonia Andersonia axilliflora Endangered 100.0 0.28

Stirling Range Beard Heath Leucopogon gnaphalioides Endangered 100.0 1.32

Fan-leaf Grevillea Grevillea infundibularis Endangered 100.0 0.14

Kundip WAttle Acacia rhamphophylla Endangered 100.0 0.10

Burdett Gum Eucalyptus burdettiana Endangered 100.0 0.02

Mauve Coopernookia Coopernookia georgei Endangered 100.0 0.67

Stirling Range Dryandra Banksia montana Endangered 100.0 0.12

Hairy-fruited Billardiera Marianthus mollis Endangered 100.0 0.48

Paddle-leaf Daviesia Daviesia obovata Endangered 100.0 0.05

Bremer Boronia Boronia clavata Endangered 100.0 0.67

Small-flowered Snottygobble Persoonia micranthera Endangered 100.0 0.70

Stirling Range Daviesia Daviesia pseudaphylla Endangered 100.0 0.16

Long-sepalled Daviesia Daviesia megacalyx Endangered 100.0 0.77

Yellow Mountain Triggerplant Stylidium galioides Vulnerable 100.0 0.67

Success Bell, Red Mountain Bell Darwinia nubigena Vulnerable 100.0 0.19

Crowned Mallee Eucalyptus coronata Vulnerable 100.0 0.10

Oval-leaf Adenanthos Adenanthos ellipticus Vulnerable 100.0 0.11

Fringed Mountain Bell, Pink Mountain Bell Darwinia squarrosa Vulnerable 100.0 0.29

THREATENED FLORA

Stirling Range Xyris Xyris exilis Vulnerable 100.0 1.17

Stirling Range WAttle Acacia awestoniana Vulnerable 100.0 0.07

None Verticordia crebra Vulnerable 100.0 5.49

Cactus Dryandra Banksia anatona Critically Endangered

100.0 2.29

Fitzgerald Woollybush Adenanthos dobagii Endangered 100.0 10.07

Twin Peak Island Mallee Eucalyptus insularis Endangered 99.9 0.25

Maxwell’s Grevillea Grevillea maxwellii Endangered 99.9 1.69

Little Pine Verticordia,Pine-like Featherflower

Verticordia pityrhops Endangered 99.5 0.03

Prickly Honeysuckle Lambertia echinata subsp. echinata


Drummond’s Grass, Drummond Grass Deyeuxia drummondii Endangered 96.6 1.65

Fairall’s Honeysuckle Lambertia fairallii Endangered 96.2 1.31

Stirling Range Featherflower Verticordia carinata Vulnerable 95.8 3.87

Sandplain Sun-orchid Thelymitra psammophila Vulnerable 95.8 25.58

Yellow-leafed Gastrolobium Gastrolobium luteifolium Critically Endangered

95.5 1.18

False Plumed-Banksia Banksia pseudoplumosa Endangered 95.4 8.71

Fitzgerald Eremophila Eremophila denticulata subsp. denticulata

Vulnerable 94.3 7.48

Gillham’s Bell Darwinia oxylepis Endangered 91.6 3.83

Wittwer’s Mountain Bell Darwinia wittwerorum Endangered 90.0 4.07

* % of total distribution describes the proportion of the total national distribution of the threatened species that is found within the zone.

** % of zone describes the proportion of the zone that the threatened species is likely or known to occur in. The % of zone indicates how rare, or difficult the species may be to find within the zone.

The above species are listed under The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act), the Australian Government’s principal environmental legislation.

Please note that the list of threatened flora species is not comprehensive. The flora listed here have a significant proportion of their total national distribution within the zone. For more information please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species or the Species Profiles and Threats Database http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/sprat.pl

EPBC Act (1999) migratory speciesMIGRATORY BIRDS

Common name Scientific name

Antipodean Albatross Diomedea antipodensis

Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica

Black-browed Albatross Thalassarche melanophris

Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa

Bridled Tern Sterna anaethetus

Broad-billed Sandpiper Limicola falcinellus

Campbell Albatross Thalassarche impavida

Caspian Tern Sterna caspia

Cattle Egret Ardea ibis

Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos

Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea

Double-banded Plover Charadrius bicinctus

Eastern Curlew Numenius madagascariensis

Flesh-footed Shearwater,Fleshy-footed Shearwater

Puffinus carneipes

Fork-tailed Swift Apus pacificus

Great Egret, White Egret Ardea alba

Great Knot Calidris tenuirostris

Greater Sand Plover, Large Sand Plover Charadrius leschenaultii

Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarola

Grey-tailed Tattler Heteroscelus brevipes

Indian Yellow-nosed Albatross

Thalassarche carteri

Lesser Sand Plover, Mongolian Plover Charadrius mongolus

Little Curlew, Little Whimbrel Numenius minutus

Marsh Sandpiper, Little Greenshank Tringa stagnatilis

Northern Giant-Petrel Macronectes halli

Northern Royal Albatross Diomedea sanfordi

Oriental Plover, Oriental Dotterel Charadrius veredus

Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva

Rainbow Bee-eater Merops ornatus

Red Knot, Knot Calidris canutus

Red-necked Stint Calidris ruficollis

Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres

Sanderling Calidris alba

Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Calidris acuminata

Short-tailed Shearwater Puffinus tenuirostris

MIGRATORY BIRDS

Shy Albatross, Tasmanian Shy Albatross Thalassarche cauta (sensu stricto)

Southern Giant-Petrel Macronectes giganteus

Southern Royal Albatross Diomedea epomophora (sensu stricto)

Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus

Tristan Albatross Diomedea dabbenena

Wandering Albatross Diomedea exulans(sensu lato)

White-belliedSea-Eagle

Haliaeetus leucogaster

White-capped Albatross Thalassarche steadi

OTHER MIGRATORY SPECIES

Common name Scientific name

Blue Whale Balaenoptera musculus

Bryde’s Whale Balaenoptera edeni

Dusky Dolphin Lagenorhynchus obscurus

Green Turtle Chelonia mydas

Humpback Whale Megaptera novaeangliae

Killer Whale, Orca Orcinus orca

Leatherback Turtle, Leathery Turtle, Luth Dermochelys coriacea

Loggerhead Turtle Caretta caretta

Porbeagle, Mackerel Shark Lamna nasus

Pygmy Right Whale Caperea marginata

Southern Right Whale Eubalaena australis

Whale Shark Rhincodon typus

Great White Shark Carcharodon carcharias

For more information please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/biodiversity/migratory-species

Threatened endemic speciesTHREATENED ENDEMIC SPECIES

Taxonomic group

Scientific name Reservation status EPBC Act status IUCN status

Molluscs Bothriembryon glauerti Recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable

Plants Andersonia axilliflora Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a

Plants Leucopogon cryptanthus Recorded in reserves Extinct n/a

Plants Acacia awestoniana Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a

Plants Daviesia glossosema Recorded in reserves Critically Endangered n/a

Plants Daviesia megacalyx Not recorded in reserves

Endangered n/a

Plants Daviesia obovata Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a

Plants Daviesia pseudaphylla Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a

Plants Gastrolobium luteifolium Recorded in reserves Critically Endangered n/a

Plants Darwinia collina Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a

Plants Darwinia nubigena Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a

Plants Darwinia oxylepis Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a

Plants Darwinia squarrosa Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a

Plants Eucalyptus bennettiae Not recorded in reserves

Endangered n/a

Plants Eucalyptus burdettiana Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a

Plants Eucalyptus coronata Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a

Plants Eucalyptus insularis Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a

Plants Kunzea pauciflora Not recorded in reserves

Vulnerable n/a

Plants Verticordia crebra Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a

Plants Verticordia helichrysantha Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a

Plants Verticordia pityrhops Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a

Plants Xyris exilis Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a

Plants Adenanthos dobagii Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a

Plants Adenanthos ellipticus Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a

Plants Dryandra anatona Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a

Plants Dryandra montana Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a

Plants Grevillea infundibularis Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a

Plants Grevillea maxwellii Not recorded in reserves

Endangered n/a

Plants Lambertia fairallii Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a

Plants Persoonia micranthera Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a

Plants Boronia clavata Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a

Concentrations of unreserved endemic species

The colour grids and numbers are an indication of the location and number of endemic species that have all their known range outside of the National Reserve System. Concentrations of unreserved endemic species may be useful focal areas for private land conservation efforts.

Endemism analyses were provided by the Australian Government Department of Environment Australian Natural Heritage Assessment Tool (ANHAT). The ANHAT database has been compiled from specimens and site records held in state agency wildlife atlases, museum collections, and the work of individual researchers. For more information please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/publications-and-resources/australian- natural-heritage-assessment-tool

http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/publications-and-resources/australian-natural-heritage-assessment-tool

http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/publications-and-resources/australian-natural-heritage-assessment-tool

Invasive species INVASIVE MAMMALS

Common name Scientific name % of total distribution* % of zone**

Rabbit, European Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus 0.53

Cat, House Cat, Domestic Cat Felis catus 0.38 99.72

Red Fox, Fox Vulpes vulpes 0.47 99.71

House Mouse Mus musculus 0.7 85.61

Goat Capra hircus 0.44 32.04

Domestic Dog Canis lupus familiaris 0.35 30.19

Black Rat, Ship Rat Rattus rattus 0.7 26.66

Pig Sus scrofa 0.17 21.05

Feral deer species in Australia Feral deer 1.07 14.01

OTHER INVASIVE FAUNA


Laughing Turtle-dove, Laughing Dove Streptopelia senegalensis 4.63 49.31

Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris 0.47 34.63

Rock Pigeon, Rock Dove, Domestic Pigeon Columba livia 0.42 36.28

Mallard Anas platyrhynchos 0.59 14.28

INVASIVE FLORA


Bridal Creeper, Bridal Veil Creeper, Smilax, Florist’s Smilax, Smilax Asparagus

Asparagus asparagoides 3.46 97.16

Blackberry, European Blackberry Rubus fruticosus aggregate 1.38 39.26

Athel Pine, Athel Tree, Tamarisk, Athel Tamarisk, Athel Tamarix, Desert Tamarisk, Flowering Cypress, Salt Cedar

Tamarix aphylla 1.04 25.06

Gorse, Furze Ulex europaeus 0.94 12.88

African Boxthorn, Boxthorn Lycium ferocissimum 0.69 12.49

Willows except Weeping Willow, Pussy Willow and Sterile Pussy Willow

Salix spp. except S.babylonica, S.x calodendron & S.x reichardtii

0.13 2.89

Boneseed Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. monilifera

0.06 0.62

Lantana, Common Lantana, Kamara Lantana, Large-leaf Lantana, Pink Flowered Lantana, Red Flowered Lantana, Red-Flowered Sage, White Sage, Wild Sage

Lantana camara 0.04 0.62

Flax-leaved Broom, Mediterranean Broom, Flax Broom

Genista linifolia 0.03 0.05

* % of the total national distribution of the invasive species found within the zone.

** % of the total zone area that the invasive species is likely or known to occur in.

It should be noted that the identification of any given invasive species above does not imply that the species is found uniformly across the Conservation Management Zone. The % of the zone area (**) indicates how common or rare the species may be within the zone.

For more information on invasive species please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/biodiversity/invasive-species

http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/biodiversity/invasive-species

Vegetation profiles and management recommendations

Vegetation extent information and species lists contained in the vegetation profiles are based on analysis from the National Vegetation Information System (NVIS), including analysis of Major Vegetation Subgroups and NVIS Level V descriptions. Please see http://www.environment.gov.au/node/18930 for more information.

The management recommendations have been drawn from EPBC Act Recovery Plans, EPBC Act Ecological Communities Listing Advice and other sources. The recommendations are indicative only. Systematic reviews of management literature, consultation processes and improved Natural Resource Management program monitoring and evaluation will support development of a comprehensive set of management recommendations over time.

Mallee with a dense shrubby understorey vegetation profile

45.49% Remaining

Commonly found species within this communityEucalyptus redunca; Eucalyptus eremophila; Eucalyptus incrassata; Eucalyptus tetragona; Eucalyptus uncinata; Melaleuca uncinata; Melaleuca thymoides; Melaleuca subtrigon; Banksia media; Banksia baueri; Hakea cinerea; Lambertia inermis; Acacia bidentata; Daviesia juncea.

Management recommendationsPROTECTION SUSTAINABLE

AGRICULTURALPRACTICE

REHABILITATION FIREMANAGEMENT

WILDLIFEMANAGEMENT

WEEDMANAGEMENT

FERALANIMALMANAGEMENT

DISEASEMANAGEMENT

Retain and replant indigenous native vegetation to protect against dryland salinity. Close or fence artificial sources of water in conservation reserves as these may attractferal animals.Protect and, where appropriate, fence

Exclude stock from remnants to enable regeneration of native vegetation.Create windbreaks with mallee species to reduce the impacts of soil erosion. Reduce tillage in zones around remnants.Avoid creating

Undertake active restoration if there are few mature overstorey species, or no evidence of regeneration. Ensure seed and tubestock is locally sourced and attempt to replicate the structure and diversity of local, high quality

Reduce the occurrence of large fires, and promote strategic mosaic burns.Ensure mosaic burns are targeted at different age classes of vegetation, to ensure age diversity between and within remnant patches. Avoid clearing

Manage native grazing animals. Minimise the amount of grain spilt during transport through Malleefowl habitat, as foraging close to roadsides leaves them susceptible to collisions with vehicles.Erect signs where needed to

Actively manage weeds when undertaking restoration activities to ensure weeds do not compete for soil moisture with vulnerable native replantings.A 1-metre radius weed free buffer should be maintained around native

Manage exotic herbivore species including goats, sheep and rabbits especially near habitat for wildlife such as Malleefowl. Control foxes and rabbits simultaneously to avoid foxes switching to predation on native species, or

PROTECTION SUSTAINABLEAGRICULTURALPRACTICE


WILDLIFEMANAGEMENT

WEEDMANAGEMENT


DISEASEMANAGEMENT

important wildlife habitat including for Malleefowl.Encourage uptake of conservation agreements and covenants on private land.

new access tracks and roads through

remnants.

remnants on similar soils and aspect.Manage wildlife corridors between remnant patches and create buffer zones around remnants with local species.

roadsides for firebreaks. Discourage broad-scale burning for agricultural purposes in areas that harbour Malleefowl.

warn drivers that Malleefowl may be on the road

woody plant replantings.Apply herbicides to actively growing weeds and avoid spray drift. Do not leave areas of bare ground to avoid wind and water erosion of soils. Retain some weed cover and stagger removal and replacement with native grasses.

increases in rabbit

populations.Shooting is a suitable control for goats, wallabies, goats, deer, hares and foxes. Baiting is appropriate for rabbits, hares and foxes.

Other shrublands vegetation profile

65.05% Remaining

Commonly found species within this communityAcacia assimilis; Hakea prostrata; Acacia drummondii; Adenanthos cuneatus; Eucalyptus eremophila; Allocasuarina acutivalvis; Agonis flexuosa; Lambertia inermis; Banksia speciosa; Darwinia vestita; Jacksonia horrida; Conospermum caeruleum; Dasypogon bromelifolius; Leschenaulria tubiflora; Caladenia deformis; Caustis dioica; Dampiera dura; Melaleuca scabra; Melaleuca lateriflora; Melaleuca uncinata; Grevillea huegelii; Grevillea pectinata; Boronia inconspicua; Acacia rostellifera; Acacia saligna.




WILDLIFEMANAGEMENT

WEEDMANAGEMENT


DISEASEMANAGEMENT

Encourage uptake of conservation agreements and covenants on private land.Retain and replant indigenous native vegetation to protect against dryland salinity.Create buffer zones and fence around remnants where possible. Limit vehicle access. Protect from infrastructure or development activities involving substrate or vegetation

Exclude livestock where possible.Manage total grazing pressure.

Plant local indigenous flora in all structural vegetation layers.Increase connectivity between remnants.Ensure that any revegetation does not impact on local hydrology or threatened species.

Exclude fire from montane heath and thickets.Manage fires in buffer zones, including managing fuel loads.

Control weeds including bridal creeper, Australian golden WAttle and Victorian tea-tree.Discourage planting of invasive species in farm shelterbelts or adjacent sites.Avoid adverse impacts from chemicals or other mechanisms to manage weeds.

Control foxes and rabbits simultaneously to avoid foxes switching to predation on native species, or increasesin rabbit populations.

Implement hygiene practices and manage public access to prevent the spread of Phytophthora dieback and weeds.Undertake Phosphite spraying in priority areas to control dieback.

Eucalyptus woodlands with a shrubby understorey

53.04% Remaining

Commonly found species within this communityEucalyptus occidentalis; Eucalyptus marginata; Eucalyptus salmonophloia; Eucalyptus wandoo; Corymbia calophylla; Allocasuarina huegeliana; Acacia acuminata; Allocasuarina humilis; Gahnia ancistrophylla; Grevillea huegelii; Olearia muelleri; Banksia coccinea; Beaufortia heterophylla; Adenanthos apiculatus; Andersonia simplex; Astroloma serratifolium; Caladenia flava.




WILDLIFEMANAGEMENT

WEEDMANAGEMENT


DISEASEMANAGEMENT

Encourage uptake of conservation agreements and covenants on private land.Protect from firewood harvesting and bush rock removal.Retain and replant indigenous native vegetation to protect against dryland salinity.

Fence and, where possible, exclude stock from remnants. Minimise spray drift from adjacent

agricultural lands. Fence paddock trees and exclude stock. If no saplings appear after fencing and stock exclusion, then replant with tubestock from locally sourced seed. Use shade cloth to construct artificial paddock shade and prevent stock camping under trees.Minimise ground and surface water extraction.

Fence and exclude stock to support natural regeneration.Eucalypt regeneration is unlikely if sites have been previously grazed or lack understorey species. Natural regeneration is more likely in sites which retain lichens and mosses, as they are good indicators of soil health.Undertake revegetation where no natural regeneration is possible. Ensure seed and tubestock is locally sourced and attempt to replicate the

Reduce the incidence and extent of wildfire by undertaking mosaic burning, maintaining diversity of vegetation age classes in unburnt patches. Fire is an important ecological process to stimulate regeneration. Please consult your local Natural Resource Management region for advice on site appropriate fire regimes.

If fallen timber has been removed from remnants, replace with coarse woody debris (such as untreated railway sleepers) as fallen timber provides key habitat for wildlife. Maintain and protect mature trees. It can take 150-180 years for tree hollows to develop and hollows provide critical shelter for mammals and birds. If few or no mature hollow bearing trees are present within remnants, then place nesting boxes for mammals and birds within

Monitor and manage weeds in remnants and surrounding agricultural lands. Monitor and actively manage weed species in rehabilitation sites. Moraea fugax, M. collina and M. flaccida, Hesperantha spp. and Sparaxis spp bulb species are particularly problematic in WAndoo woodland remnants.

Undertake fox and rabbit baiting, and feral cat trapping. Ensure foxes and rabbits are managed simultaneously to avoid foxes switching predation to native species or increases in rabbit

populations.

PROTECTION SUSTAINABLEAGRICULTURALPRACTICE


WILDLIFEMANAGEMENT

WEEDMANAGEMENT


DISEASEMANAGEMENT

structure and diversity of local, high quality remnants on similar soils and aspect. Link existing remnants through wide corridors, or through replanting paddock trees.

remnant sites. Monitor these regularly for invasive birds and feral honey bees. Ensure fencing is wildlife friendly – no electric fencing, and no barbed wire.

Open mallee woodlands and sparse mallee shrublands with an open shrubby understorey vegetation profile

52.82% Remaining

Commonly found species within this communityEucalyptus staeri; Eucalyptus angulosa; Eucalyptus cooperiana; Eucalyptus conglobata; Eucalyptus leptocalyx; Nuytsia floribunda; Adenanthos cuneatus; Lambertia inermis; Hakea corymbosa; Melaleuca pentagona; Banksia media; Banksia speciosa; Xanthorrhoea preissii; Allocasuarina humilis; Isopogon axillaris; Melaleuca nesophila; Acacia gonophylla; Adenanthos dobsonii; Agonis spathulata.




WILDLIFEMANAGEMENT

WEEDMANAGEMENT


DISEASEMANAGEMENT

Retain and replant indigenous native vegetation to protect against dryland salinity.Close or fence artificial water points in conservation reserves as these may attract feral predators. Protect and, where appropriate, fence important wildlife habitat including for Malleefowl.Encourage uptake of conservation agreements and covenants on private land.

Exclude stock from remnants to enable recruitment and regeneration of over and under-storeyspecies.Create windbreaks with mallee species to reduce the impacts of soil erosion. Reduce tillage in zones around remnants.Avoid creating new access tracks and roads through remnants.

Fence and exclude stock to support natural regeneration.Eucalypt regeneration is unlikely if sites have been previously grazed or lack understorey species. Natural regeneration is more likely in sites which retain lichens and mosses, as they are good indicators of soil health.Undertake revegetation where no natural regeneration is possible. Ensure seed and tubestock is locally sourced and attempt to replicate the structure and diversity of local, high quality remnants on similar soils and aspect. Link existing remnants through wide corridors, but even paddock

Reduce the occurrence of large fires, and promote strategic mosaic burning techniques.Ensure mosaic burns are targeted at different age classes of vegetation, to ensure age diversity between and within remnant patches. Avoid clearing roadsides for firebreaks. Discourage broad-scale burning for agricultural purposes in areas that harbour Malleefowl.

Manage native grazing animals. Minimise the amount of grain spilt during transport through Malleefowl habitat, as foraging close to roadsides leaves them susceptible to collisions with vehicles.Erect signs where needed to warn drivers that Malleefowl may be on the road.

Actively manage weeds when undertaking restoration activities to ensure weeds do not compete for soil moisture with vulnerable native replantings. A 1-metre radius weed free buffer should be maintained around native woody plant replantings. Apply herbicides to actively growing weeds and avoid spray drift. Do not leave areas of bare ground to avoid wind and water erosion of soils. Retain some weed cover and stagger removal and replacement with native grasses.

Manage exotic herbivore species including goats, sheep and rabbits especially near habitat for wildlife such as Malleefowl.Undertake simultaneous fox and rabbit management to prevent foxes switching to predation on native species, or increases in rabbit

populations.

Mallee with hummock grass vegetation profile

50.3% Remaining

Commonly found species within this communityEucalyptus uncinata; Eucalyptus eremophila; Eucalyptus lehmannii; Eucalyptus decipiens; Eucalyptus redunca; Eucalyptus goniantha; Banksia media; Phymatocarpus maxwellii.




WILDLIFEMANAGEMENT

WEEDMANAGEMENT


DISEASEMANAGEMENT

Retain and replant indigenous native vegetation to protect againstdryland salinity. Close or fence artificial sources of water in conservation reserves as these may attract feral animals.Protect and, where appropriate, fence important wildlife habitat including for Malleefowl.Encourage uptake of conservation agreements and covenants on private land.

Exclude stock from remnants to enable recruitment and regeneration of over and under-storey species.Create windbreaks with mallee species to reduce the impacts of soil erosion.

Undertake active restoration if there are few mature overstorey species, or no evidence of regeneration. Ensure seed and tubestock is locally sourced and attempt to replicate the structure and diversity of local, high quality remnants on similar soils and aspect.Manage wildlife corridors between remnant patches and create buffer zones around remnants with local species.

Reduce the occurrence of large fires, and promote strategic mosaic burns.Ensure mosaic burns are targeted at different age classes of vegetation, to ensure age diversity between and within remnant patches. Avoid clearing roadsides for firebreaks. Discourage broad-scale burning for agricultural purposes in areas that harbour Malleefowl. Discourage broad-scale burning for agricultural purposes in Malleefowl

Manage native grazing animals. Minimise the amount of grain spilt during transport through Malleefowl habitat, as foraging close to roadsides leaves them susceptible to collisions with vehicles.Erect signs where needed to warn drivers that Malleefowl may be on the road.

Actively manage weeds when undertaking restoration activities to ensure weeds do not compete for soil moisture with vulnerable native replantings. Do not leave areas of bare ground to avoid wind and water erosion of soils. Retain some weed cover and stagger removal and replacement with native grasses.

Manage exotic herbivore species including foxes, goats, sheep and rabbits especially near habitat for wildlife such as Malleefowl.Undertake simultaneous fox and rabbit management to prevent foxes switching to predation on native species, or increases in rabbit

populations.

Conservation Management Zones of Australia: Esperance ... · Web viewWe honour the deep spiritual,...

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