Conservation and Sustainable Use of Tropical Peat Swamp … · 2006. 4. 6. · PEAT SWAMP FOREST...

PEAT SWAMP FOREST PROJECT

Conservation and Sustainable Use of Tropical Peat Swamp Forests:Integrated Management Plan

Development and Implementation

N. Abdul Rahim, Efransjah & H. KhaliAzizUNDP/GEF Funded Project


Outline

• Tropical peat swamp forests (PSF) and their threats

• Peat swamp forest project funded by UNDP/GEF & Malaysian govt.

• Results of Multidisciplinary or landscape assessment

• Development of Integrated Mngt Plan• Conclusions


Peat swamp forests

• A special type of forest that forms and survive under unique conditions

• Presence of excess water dominates the ecosystem

• Provides vital services & functions


Issues and threats – global level

(MA Synthesis Report- Wetland & Water, 2005)

• Loss and degradation of wetlands is more rapid than that of other ecosystems

• Contributing factors: land conversion, infrastructure dev, water withdrawal, eutrophication & pollution, over harvesting


Issues and threats at the local level

• Fragmentation of peat swamp complex• Protection of river systems• Lowered water table due to:

– Drainage activities– Land conversion activities– Harvesting activities

• Leading to amongst others, increased fire hazard


Extent and Distribution: In Malaysia (1.45 mil ha); Peninsular Malaysia (0.3 mil ha); Sarawak

(1.06 mil.ha); and Sabah (0.09 mil ha)

Table: Peat swamp forests in Peninsular Malaysia (mil.ha)

1981 1991 1999

Total

PFE

Stateland

0.674

0.222

0.451

0.343

0.216

0.126

0.300

0.192

0.108


Peat Swamp Forest ProjectPeat Swamp Forest Project

Initiated by the M’sian Govt and UNDP/GEF in 1999, the five-year project started in June 2002.

Promote conservation & sustainable use of PSFs and associated wetlands ecosystems, by demonstrating this at three project sites

Develop & implement plans, which encourage processes to ensure conservation of globally significant biodiversity

Contribute towards better understanding & management of PSFs in M’sia and in the region.

Initiated by the M’sian Govt and UNDP/GEF in 1999, the five-year project started in June 2002.

Promote conservation & sustainable use of PSFs and associated wetlands ecosystems, by demonstrating this at three project sites

Develop & implement plans, which encourage processes to ensure conservation of globally significant biodiversity

Contribute towards better understanding & management of PSFs in M’sia and in the region.


PROJECT AREAS

SEPPSF(87,045 ha)

LOAGANBUNUT(10,736 ha)

KLIASPENINSULA

(3600 ha)


• LARGEST PSF AREA IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA (53%)

• PROBABLY THE MOST INTACT TROPICAL PSF AREA IN MAINLAND ASIA

PROJECT AREA


Main Activities:

• Ecological & biodiversity assessments• Hydrological monitoring & assessments • Timber assessment • Socio-economic appraisals• Management Plans development• Demonstrations by MP implementation• Database and Monitoring system • Awareness Raising• Strengthening Local Capacity


BASELINE INFORMATION/ECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENTS

(Multi-disciplinary Assessment or MDA)

OBJECTIVES

• To develop an updated picture of the current status for the sites

• To identify critical threats and problems• To design a practical and cost-effective

site monitoring system for the sites

PEAT SWAMP FOREST PROJECTLocation of water monitoring wells along the transect


Timber AssessmentVolume of commercial timbers Value of commercial timbers

MDG-1

MDG-2

MDX-2

MDX-2

PKMD/N

DSB MDX-1

BTG

BTGD

RAM

MAH

RIV

MEM

III

III

II

I

II

II

III

III

III

I

II II

MDX-2

MDG-2

RAM

MDG-1

D/NPKM

DSB

MEM

BTG

BTGD

MDX-1

MDX-2

MAH

MDX-2

RIV

Medium High

LowLow

Low

75 -110 m3/ha< 55 m3/ha


Water Level from Ground (cm)

0

50

100

150

200

250

-1000

-900

-800

-700

-600

-500

-400

-300

-200

-100

0 100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1


FLORISTIC DIVERSITY

221 out of a total of 238 taxa recorded found in the PSF

Significant tree species include:

a) Gonystylus bancanus (Ramin),

b) Durio carinatus and Tetramerista glabra

c) Alstonia angustiloba


FLORA

Koompassia malacensis(Kempas)

Cissus sp.

Monkey Lipstick

Calophyllum ferrugineum(Bintangor)

Gonystylus bancanus(Ramin)

Durio carinatus(Durian)

PeriukKera


MDA FINDINGS

AVIFAUNA

• 3 Globally Vulnerable species in Pekan, Pahang (Lesser Adjutant; Large Green Pigeon; Short-toed Coucal),

• 37 Globally Near Threatened species

Lesser Adjutant Crimson-winged Woodpecker Bushy-crested Hornbill


MDA FINDINGS

MAMMALS

• New records for the South East Pahang Peat Swamp Forests1. The Spotted-winged & Black-capped Fruit Bats,

2. Blanford’s False Serotine,

3. House Bat,

4. Low’s Squirrel,

5. Annandale’s Rat and

6. Flat-headed Cat

Malayan Sun Bear


Socio-economy of local community

-63% depends on fish from PSF

- 36% depends on forest produce


OBJECTIVES OF PSF MANAGEMENT

• Conservation of biological diversity

• Maintenance of Physical Functions (Ecology Integrity)

• Promotion of Sustainable Use (socio -economic) – Log extraction and utilization by local communities


Development of Site Specific Integrated Management Plan

Consultative Process (Core Team)

Information from Multi Disciplinary Assessment

(MDA)

Objectives of Management

Identification of System, Stress, Sources, Strategies & Success

5 S Framework for Conservation

Planning (Limited Use)

Proposed Management Zoning

Integrated Management Plan

Adaptive Management

Proposed Immediate Actions:

Synchronization with the local area planning exercise (ESA ZONATION)•Guidelines for State Land Logging (Interim)•Guidelines for Agric Development (Interim)

WIDER STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION


KEY STRATEGY• Management zonation of PSF into 6 Zones.• Zones requires Multi-agency management

attention• PSF proposed as “Environmental Sensitive

Areas” (ESA) with 6 Zones • Management planning to synchronize with

Local Areas Planning.• Endorsement by policy makers & state

authority


PARTNERS

Key partners: Pahang Forestry Department, State Econ Planning Unit, and Town and Country Planning Dept.

Key Management Partners: All Agencies involved in land management at the district level- Forestry Dept, Land Office, Local Authority, Agric Dept, National Park, Drainage & Irrigation, Aboriginal Affairs, Envt. Dept. and private sectors


Management zone 1B- Forest Reserves Extension

1. Application to extend forest reserves to achieve integrity.

2. Imposition of state land logging guidelines.

3. Closure of drainage canals after logging.

4. Development of fire management plan.

5. Ensure residual stand allowing maintenance of canopy cover (vegetation).

6. Development of Peat swamp rehabilitation plan.

7. Conservation water (hydraulic) regime


Forest Reserve Zonation Based

on Environmental Sensitive Areas

(ESA)


Management zone 2- Forest Reserves Buffer

1. Prevent further land alienation in the buffer zone.

2. Imposition of state land logging guidelines.

3. Closure of drainage canals after logging.

4. Development of fire management plan.

5. Ensure residual stand allowing maintenance of canopy cover (vegetation).

6. Development of Peat swamp rehabilitation plan.

7. Conservation water (hydraulic) regime.

8. Imposition of strict development guidelines in developed areas


INTEGRATED DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (IDBMS) DEVELOPMENT


Publications


• Sustainability of the ecosystems: – manage within limits – balance and integrate conservation vs wise

use,– consider local knowledge, – involve all relevant sectors

• Landscape assessment & specific studies • Develop Integrated Mgmt Plan

– Action plans & guidelines• Progressive awareness raising • Participatory process• “Science-to-policy interface” output

Conclusions:


Thank youDanida

Conservation and Sustainable Use of Tropical Peat Swamp … · 2006. 4. 6. · PEAT SWAMP FOREST...

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