Consequences of World War

WWI ~ a case study

LEQ:

• What are the consequences of World War?

The End of Fighting

• Germans refocused their military attention away from Russia and in the direction of the U.S.

• German offensive cost them 800,000 troops

• Germany eventually collapses as the Allies break through the Hindenburg Line.

The Hindenburg

Line

Armistice is Signed• German leaders wanted to call a truce.• November 11th, 1918 the peace terms were

agreed upon.• Central Powers admitted defeat and the war

was over

Think ~ Pair ~ Share• You are the diplomat who is tasked with

organizing peace terms that both the Allies and the Central Powers will tolerate. How would you go about making and keeping the peace between warring nations?

Most Peaceful

Least Peaceful

In the margin of your notes, draw the figure that most closely represents yourpeace terms.

How Do You Make Peace?

• Fourteen Points• Treaty of Versailles• League of Nations

Fourteen Points• Wilson’s ideas for peace– Reduce weapons– Allow all people to freely choose their own form

of government (self-determination)

Fourteen Points

Punish Germany!Make them pay!

Punish Germany, but keep Germany

strong!

Disarm!Self-

determination!Join the

League of Nations!

Most Peaceful

Least Peaceful

David Lloyd George

Clemenceau

President Wilson

Treaty of Versailles

• Aligned with the ideas of Clemenceau– Germany forced to pay enormous amounts of money

to the war’s victims– Germany had to take full responsibility for the war– Germany had to limit the size of their military– Germany must return conquered land– German colonies around the world were given away– Part of former Germany was taken and renamed,

Poland

League of Nations

• Part of Wilson’s Fourteen Points• GOALS: – encourage international cooperation– foster peaceful relations in the future

–How does that sound to you?

Fractured Ottoman Empire• New independent nations were created such

as; Austria, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia and Turkey

Mandates in the Middle East• Former Ottoman lands that were to be ruled

by European powers• Mandates were only supposed to be ruled by

Europeans until they were strong enough to rule themselves

• EXAMPLES: – Syria and Lebanon went to France– Palestine and Iraq went to the British

Balfour Declaration• A declaration issued by Britain establishing a

Jewish state in Palestine. Palestine is the area of the ancient Jewish homeland.

How would you feel?

Cost of World War

• Human Cost• Economic Cost• Political Cost

Sounds expensive…

Human Cost• 8.5 million soldiers died• 13 million civilians dies• 21.2 million soldiers were

wounded

Economic Cost• The war cost the world’s nations an estimated

$332 billion• Much of Europe was destroyed and had to be

rebuilt

Political Cost• Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire was broken

apart• Germany was greatly weakened• New countries formed in the Middle East and in Europe• European colonies in Africa and Asia changed hands

Your Turn!

UNDERSTANDING THEMES

WORLD WAR I WORLD WAR II

EFFECTS ON GOVERNMENT AND CITIZENSHIP

EFFECTS ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

EFFECTS ON SOCIETY

DIRECTIONS: Using the information on pages 472 and 473, please complete the chart below. This will be collected today (30 points).

NAME: __________________________________________ DATE: ______________________

Warm-up!