Connectors

Mª del Mar Herrero Fernández

Introducing contrasting or opposing ideas

☺But / yet The book is short but/ yet interesting

☺ In spite of / despite+ gerund/ noun He arrived on time despite / in spite of getting up late

☺ Although/ though / even though / in spite of the fact that…+ sentence Although the pupils hadn’t studied, they all passed the exams

☺ However / nevertheless / on the one hand / on the other hand /even so / on the contrary/( followed by comma+ sentence) She was quite ill. However, she went to school. On the one hand, the beach is fun. On the other hand, I don’t like the sand.☺ While / whereas+ sentence This book is very interesting, while that one is quite boring.

Showing Reason, cause and purpose

☺Cause : because / as / since / seeing that… As it’s late, we should go home We should go home because it’s late.

☺ Reason: because of / on account of / owing to / due to… Because of the weather, we stayed at home We stayed at home because of the weather.

☺ Purpose: in order to / so as to /to /+ verb She uses the video in order to record her favourite films in order that / so that / + sentence with a modal verb. She uses the video so that she can record of her favourite films Negatives: so as not to / in order not to

Giving examples and adding information

A/ Giving examples:For example / for instance / such as /

Singers such as Michael Jackson and Maddona are always popular.B/ Adding Information: moreover / furthermore / besides / in addition /

I’m too fat to wear jeans. Besides, I haven’t got the money to buy them.Who are you bringing to the party besides your girlfriend?

In addition to / as well as +NounIn addition to classical music, she likes jazz.She likes jazz as well as classical music.

Apart from / except for ( to indicate exceptions )Apart from English, she speaks three other foreign languagesShe eats nothing except (for) fish.

Showing sequence and result

A/ Sequence:First of all / to begin with / first / firstly /

First of all, we should talk to the managerSecond / Secondly / then.

Secondly, we must make a planThe next stage.The next stage is to consider the profitsFinally / in short / to sum up / in conclusion / lastly / last but not

least /Finally, we will decide the salary

B/ Result: Therefore / as a result / consequently / for this reason / thus ( less

formal)She keeps hr car in good condition. Therefore it always passes its annual road test.

As a result of + Noun.As a result of his brave action, he was awarded a medal