Connecticut Department of Transportation Division of Occupational Health & Safety

Hazardous Materials Management Plan

(HMMP)

TABLE OF CONTENTS PLAN INTRODUCTION SECTION I Hazardous Materials Hazard Communication Program (HAZCOM)

1.0 Introduction 2.0 Hazardous Chemical Inventory 3.0 Labels 4.0 Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) 5.0 Haz-Com Training

SECTION II Hazardous Materials Handling, Storage & Transport Program (HMHSTP)

1.0 Introduction 2.0 Hazardous Materials Used by ConnDOT 3.0 Shipping & Receiving of Hazardous Materials 4.0 Hazardous Materials Storage 5.0 Hazardous Materials Handling

SECTION III Hazardous Materials Emergency Response Program (HMERP)

1.0 Introduction 2.0 Types of Materials 3.0 Conditions ConnDOT Forces Can and Can not Handle 4.0 Definitions 5.0 Response Guidelines 6.0 Requests for Assistance

Enclosure 1-2-1 Hazardous Chemical Survey Form Enclosure 1-2-2 Hazardous Chemical Worksheet Form Enclosure 1-4-1 Examples of MSDS Sheets Enclosure 1-5-1 Training Roster Form Enclosure 3-1-1 Spill, Leak and Discovery Form (SAF-11) Enclosure 3-5-1 List of Radio Call Stations Unit/Facility Specific Inserts Insert A Completed Facility Hazardous Chemical Inventory Form Insert B Completed Facility Hazardous Chemical Worksheets & MSDS's Insert C Current Training Curriculum & Attendance Roster

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Connecticut Department of Transportation Division of Occupational Health & Safety

Hazardous Materials

Hazard Communication Program (HAZCOM)

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SECTION I Hazardous Materials Hazard Communication Program (HAZ-COM) 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 .1 General The Connecticut Department of Transportation (ConnDOT) Hazard Communication (Haz-Com) Program was designed to provide ConnDOT employees information for working safely with chemicals in the workplace. This program is consistent with the requirements mandated by the U.S. Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) and the Connecticut Department of Labor, which has adopted and presently enforces the OSHA Hazard Communication regulations. These regulations may be found in 29 Code of Federal Regulation (CFR) 1910.1200, which is known as the OSHA Hazard Communication or Right To Know Standard. A copy of this standard is provided in Appendix A. 1.2 Objective The objective of the ConnDOT HAZ-COM Program is to provide a uniform policy for all ConnDOT operated facilities which is consistent with 29 CFR 1910.1200 (OSHA). 1.3 Scope & Content The scope of this HAZ-COM document is to provide a written program manual to comply with the requirements of 29CFR1910.1200 (OSHA). This manual is presented in five (5) sections to meet this requirement. Section 1.0 is an introduction to the ConnDOT HAZ-COM program and outlines rights and responsibilities. Section 2.0 provides policy and procedure for performing hazardous chemical inventories at ConnDOT facilities. Section 3.0 provides policy and procedure for labeling of hazardous chemicals and hazardous chemical storage areas at ConnDOT facilities. Section 4.0 describes the content and purpose of the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Section 5.0 provides policy and procedure for HAZ-COM training at ConnDOT facilities. 1.4 Applicability All ConnDOT operating facilities where employees are required to work with hazardous chemicals shall implement the ConnDOT HAZ-COM Program. Under this program, a "hazardous chemical" is defined as any substance (liquid, gas, dust, and/or solid) or mixture of substances which is:

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A. A potential health hazard during routine use or in the event of a foreseeable emergency such as a spill, release or discharge; or

B. A physical hazard whereby a hazardous chemical is combustible, flammable, explosive,

oxidizing, unstable, or presents other physical hazards. Excluded from these definitions are foodstuffs, and articles intended for personal consumption by employees in the workplace. Rights and Responsibilities 1.5.1 ConnDOT Director of Safety The ConnDOT HAZ-COM Program Coordinator shall be the ConnDOT Director of Safety. Duties of the HAZ-COM Program Coordinator include the following: • Develop and update ConnDOT's HAZ-COM Program and Agency Policies. • Assist in development and implementation of ConnDOT’s HAZ-COM Training Programs. • Provide support to ConnDOT's operating facility managers who are carrying out the

requirements of the ConnDOT HAZ-COM Program. • Ensure compliance of the ConnDOT HAZ-COM Program by performing annual visits to

each ConnDOT operating facility and inspecting facility training records, MSDS files, hazardous chemical inventory forms, and verify that an OSHA Job Safety Notice is centrally posted for all to see.

1.5.2 ConnDOT Facility Managers The manager of each ConnDOT operating facility, which requires the use of hazardous chemicals, shall be responsible for implementing the ConnDOT HAZ-COM Program. Facility manager responsibilities include the following: • Post the OSHA Job Safety Notice in a central location, which is available for all to see. • Conduct an initial chemical inventory and an annual chemical inventory of the facility.

Copies of the inventory reports shall be placed and maintained in Appendix B of the facility HAZ-COM Manual.

• Complete a chemical worksheet for each chemical identified on the chemical inventory form

that does not have an MSDS sheet on hand. Place a copy of the worksheet in the HAZ-COM manual until the proper MSDS is obtained. Obtain MSDS's for each chemical identified on the chemical inventory form. Copies of each MSDS shall be placed and maintained with the

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facility HAZ-COM Manual, and in a central facility location which is available to all personnel at all times.

• Ensure that all containers of hazardous chemicals are properly labeled according to the

ConnDOT HAZ-COM Program. • Maintain a record of all requests to chemical suppliers for MSDS's. Copies of this

correspondence shall be placed in the facility HAZ-COM records file. • The Maintenance Trainers shall conduct initial and annual training of all ConnDOT facility

employees working with chemicals as required by the ConnDOT HAZ-COM Program. Supervisors however shall ensure employees under their jurisdiction are trained.

• Obtain signatures of all ConnDOT employees at each HAZ-COM training event to certify

their attendance. Training certification signature sheets shall be maintained in the facility HAZ-COM records file and with the Division of Training.

• Provide copies of the most recent facility hazardous chemical inventory form and copies of

MSDS's (as requested) to the local fire department and acquire a signed receipt of document. 1.5.3 ConnDOT Employees ConnDOT employees have the following rights: •

•

•

Complete access to MSDS's for any chemical they use in the workplace.

The right to refuse to work with any chemical for which they have not been provided an MSDS.

No employee can be discharged, disciplined or otherwise discriminated against because they exercised rights, made claims, filed a complaint, or instituted any legal action or other proceeding under 29 CFR 1910.1200 or the ConnDOT HAZ-COM Program.

2.0 HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS INVENTORY 2.1 Facility Hazardous Chemical Inventory The manager of each ConnDOT operating facility, which uses hazardous chemicals, shall perform an inventory to list all chemicals at the facility. A copy of the chemical inventory form is enclosed with this section as enclosure 2-1. Reproduce copies of enclosure 2-1 for use during each facility hazardous chemical inventory. The responsibility of determining whether a chemical is hazardous rests with the manufacturer and/or the distributor of the chemical in question. If facility managers are not sure whether a chemical is hazardous, they must contact the supplier

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or the ConnDOT Safety Division for assistance. Check all hazardous chemical container labels during the inventory. Facility managers shall walk through the facility, inspect all chemicals, and record the names of the chemicals that have a label indicating a potential hazard (e.g. "flammable" or "causes skin irritation"). Facility managers shall add all chemicals with hazard warning labels to the hazardous chemical inventory form. Facility managers shall also contact the purchasing department (ConnDOT Stores 594-2261) and request a list of all chemicals purchased for the facility. Facility managers shall include all chemicals on the inventory form that are being used, stored, or distributed at the facility even though they have not been considered hazardous until now. These chemicals may include, but are not limited to, caustic and acid cleaning compounds, battery acids, paints, waxes, parts cleaning solvents, paint thinners, and disinfectants. Once the inventory is complete, the list of all chemicals used, stored, or distributed at the facility will be referred to as the facility hazardous chemical inventory. A copy of the most recently completed/updated hazardous chemical inventory form for the facility shall be enclosed within this written HAZ-COM Program Manual in the appendix section as Appendix B. The facility hazardous chemical inventory form shall be updated each time a new chemical is introduced to the facility. In addition, a hazardous chemical inventory and update of the facility chemical inventory form shall be performed once every year during the month of March. 2.2 Hazardous Chemical Worksheet Upon completion of the facility chemical inventory form, a hazardous chemical worksheet shall be completed for each chemical identified on the inventory form that does not have a MSDS sheet. This shall be maintained until proper MSDS sheets can be obtained. A copy of the hazardous chemical worksheet form is enclosed with this section as enclosure 2-2. Reproduce enclosure 2-2 as needed. New hazardous chemical worksheet forms shall be prepared each time a new chemical is introduced to the facility if a MSDS sheet is not available. 2.3 Hazardous Chemical Storage The following material briefly discusses some general guidelines for the proper and safe storage of hazardous chemicals at ConnDOT facilities. Although not a specific requirement of the OSHA HAZ-COM Standard, this section is presented to point out the importance of proper storage. Each ConnDOT facility has specific needs regarding the proper storage of hazardous chemicals and wastes depending on operations conducted. Thus, site specific information is required to properly assess and implement safe storage of these materials. Specific guidance for storage of these materials may be found in local town ordinances, National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) standards, and in 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA).

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It is Important to post signs or placards at storage areas to warn employees and response personnel to use caution in these areas. Although some chemicals may not be extremely hazardous under normal conditions, they may be quite dangerous if improperly used or stored. Many workplace hazards may be avoided by properly storing dry and liquid chemicals in appropriate boxes, cans, drums, and bottles. Facility Managers must examine the workplace to detect any unsafe or potentially dangerous conditions, practices, or equipment, and immediately take corrective measures. A well lit, ventilated storage area should allow ConnDOT employees to easily locate chemicals, thus reducing accidental releases and spills. It is good practice to assign the responsibility for chemical storage areas to one person. Unlimited access to the storage area is not desirable. Before making storage decisions, read the MSDS for the chemical being stored. The MSDS often includes storage procedures that may include the following recommendations: • No hazardous chemical shall be stored at ConnDOT facilities or used by ConnDOT

employees without the appropriate MSDS being available. • The MSDS often includes storage procedures that may include the following

recommendations: • Do not store reactive chemicals near the agents with which they may react. • Separate combustibles, flammables, hazardous chemicals, and dissimilar materials, such as

oxidizers, acids, and bases. • Store hazardous chemicals separately or away from less hazardous chemicals. • Store all toxic and/or flammable materials a safe distance from work areas. • Do not store glass containers in direct sunlight or near moving/vibrating machinery. • Maintain good housekeeping practices to avoid spontaneous combustion of paper, rags, or

similar materials. • Explosive, flammable, and combustible materials must be stored according to their fire

characteristics. • Explosive, flammable, and combustible materials must be stored in areas where smoking and

the use of an open flame such as welding or spark-producing devices are prohibited. • Flammable liquids must be separated from other hazardous chemicals by a firewall. • Flammable and/or hazardous chemicals should be stored in a self-contained, fire resistant

container, away from heaters and electric motors. Quantities of single 25 gallon containers or the total combined individual container quantities of 25 gallons or more of a Class IA flammable liquid may not be stored in any one fire area and is required to be stored in an

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approved flammable liquid cabinet or vault. • Never store chemicals on shelves where they may be accidentally pulled down on top of

personnel. • Avoid stacking containers of hazardous chemicals, flammables, and combustibles. 3. 0 LABELS 3.1 Prerequisites Do not proceed with the labeling requirements unless the facility hazardous chemical inventory as described in Section 2.0 (Hazardous Chemicals Inventory) is complete and the ten (10) questions asked below can be answered with a YES. 3.1.1 Has the purchasing department provided a list of hazardous chemicals or products

containing hazardous chemicals that are used at the facility to the facility manager? 3.1.2 Has the facility manager walked through the facility workplace and storage areas, and

listed the names of the chemicals that have labels that indicate a potential hazard? 3.1.3 Has the facility manager completed the facility hazardous chemical survey form to

include all chemicals used, stored, or distributed at the facility? 3.1.4 Has the facility manager referred to the MSDSs to identify which chemicals are

hazardous? 3.1.5 Has the facility manager acquired an MSDS for each hazardous chemical on the facility

hazardous chemical inventory form? 3.1.6 Has the facility manager prepared a hazardous chemical worksheet for each hazardous

chemical identified at the facility that does not have an MSDS on file? 3.1.7 Has the facility manager used the chemical identity that appears on the MSDS and used

the same identity on the inventory form and worksheet form? 3.1.8 Has the facility manager placed a copy of the completed hazardous chemical inventory

form in Appendix B of this manual? 3.1.9 Has the facility manager placed copies of the MSDS forms and completed hazardous

chemical worksheets for chemicals that have no MSDS on file in Appendix C of this manual?

3.1.10 Has the facility manager notified all employees that this HAZ-COM manual exists and is

available for viewing upon request? 3.2 Acquiring Labels The OSHA HAZ-COM Standard requires chemical manufacturers and distributors to properly label, tag or mark each container of hazardous chemical they ship. A label means any written, printed, or graphic material such as a tag or a marking that is displayed on or affixed to the

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container. Specific information is required to be on these labels. These labels provide an immediate warning to personnel of the possible hazards involved when using chemicals in the container. If a ConnDOT facility has containers of hazardous chemicals that are not labeled, the facility manager shall request labels for these chemicals from the ConnDOT Stores, supplier or distributor. 3.3 Label Information No matter what type of label is provided by the chemical manufacturer or distributor, the following information must appear on the label when a chemical container is received at a ConnDOT facility: •

•

•

The chemical identity (which must be the same identity used on the MSDS, and on the facility hazardous chemical inventory form and chemical worksheet form)

The appropriate hazard warnings (including health and physical hazards)

The name/address of the chemicals' manufacturer, distributor, or other responsible party

It is important to set up a program to check that every chemical container entering the facility has a label with the required information. If the containers are not properly labeled, they should not be accepted into the facility. Do not remove or deface any label on an incoming container of hazardous chemicals unless the container is immediately marked with the required information. Check to see that they are in English and are prominently displayed. If any facility personnel speak another language, add the required information in their language as long as the information is presented in English as well. It is extremely important to ensure that the identity used on each container label is the same identity used on the chemical's MSDS, on the facility hazardous chemicals inventory form, and on the chemical worksheets. In some cases, the facility manager will have to label containers of hazardous chemicals in the workplace. This could happen if hazardous chemicals are transferred from a large container to a smaller container, or if containers are received unlabeled. The HAZ-COM Standard requires all labels on containers of hazardous chemicals in the workplace to indicate the chemical identity and appropriate hazard warnings. "Hazard Warnings" refer to "any words, pictures, symbols, or combination thereof which convey the hazard(s) of the chemical in the container." The HAZ-COM Standard requires specific information regarding "physical" and "health" hazards that must be included on the chemical's label. When showing health hazards, the effects of exposure on target organs are more revealing than

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are precautionary statements. Words such as "caution," "danger," and "harmful if absorbed by skin" are precautionary statements and do not identify specific target organ hazards. Precautionary statements therefore are not appropriate. The warning statement "May Cause Lung Cancer" would be a more appropriate hazard warning for a carcinogenic health hazard than simply stating "Avoid Inhalation." The second warning merely states a precaution instead of indicating the effects of a hazard and should be avoided. 3.3.1 Portable Containers If transfer of hazardous chemicals into portable containers is performed, labels must be placed on the portable containers. 3.3.2 Personnel Label Information Training The HAZ-COM Standard requires that personnel be trained to understand hazard information provided on the labels. ConnDOT facility managers shall explain the physical and health hazards of each chemical. It is a good idea to train personnel to understand the chemical's MSDS information while explaining its labeling information. This helps personnel understand how the two sources of information are related. 3.3.3 NFPA 704 Facility Labeling System (See ConnDOT HMHSTP 4.1.1) The labeling system, known as NFPA 704, which was developed by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) shall be used at ConnDOT facilities which utilize, store, or distribute hazardous chemicals in quantities sufficient to fall within the requirements of the regulation. The system uses a diamond shaped label with four differently colored diamonds. Each colored diamond provides specific hazard information (i.e. Blue -Health; Red -Flammability; Yellow -Reactivity; White –Specific Hazards). The white diamond tells personnel whether the chemical: • • •

Reacts violently with water Is radioactive Is an oxidizer, an acid, an alkali, or corrosive

Each diamond displays a number (0 to 4) that alerts personnel and emergency responders to the degree of hazard. For more complete information regarding NFPA 704, obtain a copy of the ninth edition of Fire Protection Guide on Hazardous Materials. The fire protection guide and NFPA labels may be purchased from commercial safety supply companies. Chemical distributors also often utilize another labeling system, called the Hazardous Materials Identification System (HMIS). HMIS uses an alpha numeric system to recognize hazards. It also shows what personal protective equipment must be used to work safely with the chemical. It is important to recognize and understand these two types of labeling systems. They are the labels most widely used by chemical manufacturers, so many containers of hazardous chemicals entering ConnDOT facilities may display an HMIS or NFPA label. OSHA accepts both the

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NFPA and HMIS labeling systems for use. 4.0 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS (MSDS) 4.1 MSDS Description A Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) is a detailed informational bulletin prepared by a manufacturer, importer, or distributor of a chemical. It provides personnel with vital information about the hazards of utilizing a chemical in the workplace. 4.2 MSDS Information OSHA specifies the information that must be included on an MSDS, but not the format. An example of an MSDS is provided in enclosure 4-1 of this section. Common MSDS terms and their meanings are provided in enclosure 4-2 of this Section. The MSDS must be written in English, and include eight distinct sections which provide the following information: 4.2.1. MSDS Section I - Chemical Identity The chemical and common name(s) must be provided for single chemical substances. The identity on the MSDS must be cross-referenced to match the identity indicated on the label. 4.2.2 MSDS Section II - Hazardous Ingredients For a hazardous chemical mixture that has been tested as a whole to determine its hazards, the chemical and common names of the ingredients that are associated with the hazards, and the common name of the mixture must be listed. If the chemical is a mixture that has not been tested as a whole, the chemical and common names of all ingredients determined to be health hazards and comprising 1% or more of the whole must be listed. Chemical and common names of carcinogens must be listed if they are present in the mixture at levels of 0.1% or more. All components of a mixture that have been determined to present a physical hazard must be listed. Chemical and common names of all ingredients determined to be health hazards and comprising less than 1% (0.1% for carcinogens) of the mixture must also be listed, if they can still exceed an established Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) or Threshold Limit Value (TLV) or present a health risk to exposed employees in these concentrations. 4.2.3 MSDS Section III - Physical and Chemical Characteristics The physical and chemical characteristics of the hazardous substance must be listed. These include items such as boiling and freezing points, density, vapor pressure, specific gravity,

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solubility, volatility, and the products general appearance and odor. These characteristics provide important information for designing safe and healthful work practices. 4.2.4 MSDS Section IV - Fire and Exposure Hazard Data The potential for fire and explosion must be described. Also, the fire hazards of the chemical and the conditions under which it could ignite or explode must be identified. Recommended extinguishing agents and fire-fighting methods must be described. 4.2.5 MSDS Section V - Reactivity Data This section presents information about other chemicals and substances with which the chemical is incompatible, or with which it reacts. Information on any hazardous decomposition products, such as carbon monoxide, must be included. 4.2.6 MSDS Section VI - Health Hazards The acute and chronic health hazards of the chemical, together with signs and symptoms of exposure must be listed. In addition, any medical conditions that are aggravated by exposure to the compound must be included. The specific types of chemical health hazards defined in the HAZ-COM Standard include carcinogens, corrosives, toxins, irritants, sensitizers, mutagens, teratogens, and effects on target organs (i.e., liver, kidney, nervous system, blood, lungs, mucous membranes, reproductive system, skin, eyes, etc.). The route of entry section describes the primary pathway by which the chemical enters the body, resulting in the negative health effect. There are three principal routes of entry: inhalation, skin, and ingestion. This section of the MSDS also supplies the OSHA PEL, the TWA, and other exposure levels used or recommended by the chemical manufacturer. If the compound is listed as a carcinogen (cancer-causing agent) by OSHA, the National Toxicology Program (NTP) or the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), this information must be indicated on the MSDS. 4.2.7 MSDS Section VII - Precautions for Safe Handling and Use The HAZ-COM Standard requires that the MSDS include precautions for safe handling and use. These include recommended industrial hygiene practices, precautions to be taken during repair and maintenance of equipment, and procedures for cleaning up spills and leaks. Some manufacturers also use this section to include useful information not specifically required by the HAZ-COM Standard, such as EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) waste disposal methods, and state and local requirements. 4.2.8 MSDS Section VIII - Control Measures The HAZ-COM Standard requires the creator of the MSDS to list any generally applicable control measures. These include engineering controls, safe handling practices, and personnel

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protective equipment. Information is often included on the use of goggles, body suits, respirators, and face shields. 4.3 OBTAINING MSDS's 4.3.1 Obtaining MSDS's For Existing Facility Chemicals ConnDOT Facility Managers shall obtain an MSDS for each hazardous chemical identified on the Facility Hazardous Chemical Inventory Form. It is the responsibility of the chemical distributor or supplier to provide an MSDS for each chemical sold by them to ConnDOT. If Facility Managers is missing required MSDSs they shall request copies from ConnDOT Stores. 4.3.2 Obtaining MSDS's For New Chemical Procurements Facility Managers who are requesting the procurement of any chemical shall work through ConnDOT Stores to obtain proper documentation including MSDSs 4.4 MSDS Review The OSHA HAZ-COM Standard requires that a complete and accurate MSDS for each hazardous chemical be maintained in the workplace. ConnDOT facility managers shall review each MSDS applicable to their facility and ensure that the required information is provided. Blank spaces on an MSDS are not acceptable. Therefore, if no relevant information is found by the MSDS creator, the appropriate space must indicate that required information is unavailable, unknown, or not applicable. Furthermore, if anything on the MSDS appears to be inaccurate, the chemical supplier/distributor must be contacted to verify the MSDS information. 4.5 MSDS Availability Complete and accurate MSDSs must be made available to all ConnDOT employees who use hazardous chemicals during the course of their duties. ConnDOT Facility Managers shall ensure that MSDSs for all facility hazardous chemicals are available in an MSDS binder at a location that is readily accessible to all facility personnel. In addition, ConnDOT facility managers shall forward copies of the most recently completed facility hazardous chemical inventory form, and up to date facility MSDSs to the local fire department. Lastly, the facility manager shall attach a copy of each MSDS to that chemical's most recent hazardous chemical worksheet and enclose these copies in Appendix C of this manual. 4.6 MSDS Training It is the responsibility of ConnDOT facility mangers to ensure that personnel who use or handle chemicals in the workplace understand how to properly use an MSDS. Personnel shall be trained on the use of the MSDS, how an MSDS is keyed to labeling information found on the chemical containers, and where personnel can quickly gain access to MSDSs. Although much of the MSDS information may have little meaning to the average person, it is very important that they

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understand the type and importance of information included in each section of an MSDS. The significance of this workplace information should become clear once personnel understand that MSDSs will help them handle hazardous chemicals more safely. ConnDOT Facility Managers may access MSDS training assistance from the ConnDOT Director of Safety. 4. 7 Maintaining/Updating MSDSs Chemical suppliers/distributors are required by law to forward updated MSDSs within three (3) months of receiving any additional information regarding the chemicals they supply to ConnDOT Stores. ConnDOT Facility Managers shall replace all outdated MSDSs with any new ones received. Facility personnel shall be trained each time a new chemical hazard is introduced into the workplace. 4.8 MSDS Checklist 4.8.1 Determine Chemicals Requiring MSDSs/Determine Receipt of MSDSs •

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Have you ensured you have obtained complete and accurate MSDSs for each hazardous chemical from your chemical suppliers and that you are maintaining all copies of MSDSs on file?

Have you compiled a list of all suppliers from which you purchase hazardous chemicals? (If you purchase the same chemical from more than one supplier, ensure to list all sources for that chemical.

Have you listed those chemicals for which you have not received MSDSs and forwarded a copy of the MSDS Request Letter to the suppliers?

4.8.2 Acquire MSDSs Not Yet Received

Have you followed up with ConnDOT Stores to obtain all needed MSDSs? 4.8.3 Check Accuracy of MSDSs

Have you reviewed the sample MSDS form (enclosure 4-1) to become familiar with information provided on an MSDS?

Have you ensured each MSDS provides complete and accurate information and requested an updated MSDS from ConnDOT Stores to replace incomplete MSDSs?

4.8.4 Make MSDSs Available to Employees

Have you ensured that facility personnel have access, during all work shifts, to the MSDSs for hazardous chemicals with which they are working?

Are you providing facility personnel with required information each time that you receive a new or updated MSDS?

4.8.5 Train Employees to Understand and Use MSDSs

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•

•

Have you trained all facility personnel to know where to access an MSDS for each hazardous chemical to which they are exposed?

Have you trained facility personnel to understand MSDS information and how it may prepare them to work more safely with hazardous chemicals in their work areas?

5.0 TRAINING 5.1 Prerequisites Do not proceed with the ConnDOT HAZ-COM training requirements unless the following five (5) questions asked below can be answered with a YES. 5.1.1 Has the Facility Manager completed a detailed hazardous chemical inventory form and placed the form in this manual as Appendix B? 5.1.2 Has the Facility Manager completed a hazardous chemical worksheet for each chemical identified on the hazardous chemical inventory form that does not have an MSDS on file, and placed the worksheets in this manual as Appendix C? 5.1.3 Have copies of MSDSs been placed in an MSDS binder which is readily available to personnel at all times in a central location? 5.1.4 Have personnel been informed about the existence of this ConnDOT HAZ-COM Manual and where it is located? 5.1.5 Have all containers of hazardous chemicals identified on the hazardous chemical inventory form been properly labeled. 5.2 Personnel Training It is a requirement under the OSHA HAZ-COM Standard and by ConnDOT Policy that ConnDOT employees receive information and training about the hazardous chemicals with which they work. This training must be provided at the time personnel are first assigned to a work area having hazardous chemicals and whenever a new chemical hazard is introduced into the work area. It is required that personnel be advised about the OSHA HAZ-COM Standard, the presence of hazardous chemicals in their work areas, the location of this written HAZ-COM Manual, and the location of Material Safety Data Sheets. 5. 3 Who Needs HAZ-COM Training All ConnDOT Employees who may be exposed to hazardous chemicals under normal operating conditions or in foreseeable emergencies shall receive HAZ-COM Training. OSHA considers "normal operating conditions" to be those conditions present when personnel perform their job duties in their assigned work areas. "Foreseeable Emergencies" are defined by the HAZ-COM Standard as any potential occurrence that could result in an uncontrolled release of a hazardous chemical into the workplace.

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5.4 HAZ-COM Training Curriculum 5.4.1 HAZ-COM Standard All HAZ-COM Training sessions shall begin by introducing personnel to the OSHA HAZ-COM Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200), and the ConnDOT HAZ-COM Manual. Personnel shall be advised that ConnDOT is required to provide certain information to them regarding the hazardous chemicals used at ConnDOT facilities. Personnel shall also be instructed on how to understand an MSDS, interpret MSDS information, and how to understand container labels. A current copy of HAZ-COM training curriculum and training roster shall be maintained in Appendix D of this manual. 5.4.2 Facility Specific Hazards As part of the HAZ-COM Training Sessions, personnel shall be advised of specific chemical hazards present in the workplace. Personnel shall be advised on the use of the Facility Hazardous Chemical Inventory Form, Hazardous Chemical Worksheets, and MSDSs for hazardous chemicals identified on the Inventory Form. Personnel shall also be advised on where copies of Facility MSDSs may be located and where a copy of the ConnDOT HAZ-COMManual can be located. Lastly, personnel shall be trained on the use of any required safety equipment that is used as protection against chemical hazardous in the workplace. It is important that the connection between container labels and MSDS be emphasized and that MSDSs are always available for review. 5.4.3 Other Required Information Personnel shall be informed on safe work practices and emergency procedures for hazardous chemicals in the work place. Emergency procedure training shall include responses to fires, leaks, spills, explosions, or other incidents, (see ConnDOT HMSLDP) accidents. Personnel shall be advised on the locations of fire extinguishers, use of fire extinguishers, and where emergency resource telephone numbers may be located. Specific response guidelines shall be located and maintained in the ConnDOT Hazardous Materials Management Plan. 5.4.4 Refresher Training Refresher training shall be provided to personnel each time a new hazardous chemical is introduced to the workplace. Refresher training on all facility hazardous chemicals and the ConnDOT HAZ-COM program shall be provided annually upon completion of the facility annual inventory. 5.5 Training Documentation Facility managers shall document each HAZ-COM training event on the ConnDOT HAZ-COM

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Training Roster Form. A copy of this form is provided as enclosure 5-1 of this section and should be reproduced as required. Completed training attendance rosters shall be maintained in the facility HAZ-COM program file with a copy forwarded to the Training Division.

Connecticut Department of Transportation Division of Occupational Health & Safety

Hazardous Materials

Handling, Storage & Transport Program (HMHSTP)

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SECTION II Hazardous Materials Handling, Storage & Transport Program (HMHSTP) 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1. General The Connecticut Department of Transportation (ConnDOT) Hazardous Materials Handling, Storage & Transport Program (HMHSTP) is designed to provide ConnDOT employees with guidelines for proper receiving, storing, transporting, and handling of products containing hazardous materials. These guidelines and any updated guidelines published by the regulatory agencies are applied in conjunction with the information provided by the manufacturer on labels and material safety data sheets. This program is consistent with the requirements mandated by the U.S. Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT). Although not regulatory binding, the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) codes are used as guidance documents by the Connecticut Fire Marshall’s Office and were used in developing this plan. 1.2 Objective The objective of the ConnDOT HMHSTP is to provide information to insure that ConnDOT activities involving hazardous materials complies with the regulatory requirements and allow ConnDOT employees to safely receive, store, transport and handle products containing hazardous materials. 1.3 Scope and Content The scope of the HMHSTP is to provide information for the management of hazardous material up to, but not including, the time at which it is declared to be a hazardous waste (i.e., spent solvent or a product which has gone past its shelf life). The program is presented in seven (7) sections. Section 1 is an introduction to the ConnDOT HMHSTP and outlines applicable regulations, codes, and responsibilities. Section 2 defines the groups and types of materials and hazard classes of the products used by ConnDOT. Section 3 provides guidelines to be followed during shipping and receiving of hazardous materials including transportation between ConnDOT facilities and to and from ConnDOT work sites which lie outside the facility boundaries.

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Section 4 provides management practices to be followed during storage of hazardous materials at all ConnDOT facilities. Section 5 details safe handling guidelines and precautions to be used in conjunction with manufacturers suggested procedures and precautions during handling and in the event of a hazardous materials spill or reaction. Section 6 outlines the elements essential to an effective Emergency Preparedness and Contingency plan. Section 7 outlines training requirements for employees that receive, and transport hazardous materials. 1.4 Applicability The HMHSTP is applicable to all ConnDOT employees, and operating facilities while receiving, transporting and handling all hazardous materials during performance ConnDOT related activity. 2.0 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS USED BY CONNDOT 2.1 General The hazardous materials, classes and many of the terms used in the regulatory publications, MSDS's, hazardous material tables, and Emergency Response Guidebook are provided in the next three sections. Some of the terms (and hazard classes) are not of interest to ConnDOT employees and supervisors but are included for reference and completeness. 2.2 Hazardous Materials Many types of hazardous materials are present in products used by each type of ConnDOT facility (Stores, Repair, Bridge, Signs and Markings, and Service and Maintenance etc…). The most common classes of hazardous materials used by ConnDOT employees are: •

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•

•

Flammable and Combustible Liquids -Many products fall into these hazard classes: paints, oils, solvents, lubricants, tar and asphalt pitch.

Flammable Gases -Most common at facilities that perform welding (acetylene) and operate liquid petroleum gas (LPG) powered fork lifts.

Corrosives -Battery acid {sulfuric acid) and general purpose cleaners (ammonium hydroxide) are probably the two most recognizable corrosives used by ConnDOT but other products such as some degreasers (ZEP), patching compounds (waterplug) and accelerators and curing agents for polyurethanes or resins are corrosive materials. Poison -The most obvious poisons used by ConnDOT are pesticides (Black Flag) and

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herbicides (Total Weed Killer). Other products which contain poisonous materials are deicers and windshield washers (methanol) and

• Other - Some paints, even though they are classified as flammable liquids, contain poisonous

ingredients (lead oxide and chromate pigments). All hazardous materials fall into these categories: Explosives Materials which release large amounts of heat and energy instantaneously when exposed to high temperatures, shock or electric charges Class A Explosives - High explosives via detonation or otherwise of maximum hazard (example

trinitrotoluene "TNT"). Class B Explosives - Explosives with solid projectiles and explosives which pose a flammable

hazard (example -ammunition). Class C Explosives - Low explosives which cause a minimum hazard (examples igniter and

commercial fireworks). Blasting Agents - Materials which aid in blasting but which cannot explode on their own

(example -blasting caps). Flammable Compressed Gas Any compressed gas that when mixed with air forms a flammable mixture. The lower explosive limit of the gas in air must be below 13 percent (by volume) or have a flammable range larger than 12 percent regardless of the lower limit (example -acetylene). Non Flammable Compressed Gas Any materials or mixture in containers which have an absolute pressure exceeding 40 pounds per square inch at 70°F (example -nitrogen). Flammable Liquids Liquid with a flash point below 100°F (example gasoline). Flammable Solid A solid, other than ordinary combustibles (example paper), which sustains a flame when lit without the aid of flammable or combustible liquids (example -magnesium scrap). Combustible Liquid A liquid with a flash point above 100°F (example home heating oil). Oxidizing Material A liquid or solid that supplies oxygen readily. This release of oxygen will stimulate the combustion of organic material (example -nitric acid).

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Organic Peroxide An organic compound considered a derivative of hydrogen peroxide (H2Q2) where one or more hydrogen atom(s) is replaced by organic radicals (example -benzoyl peroxide). Poison A Poisonous gases or liquids of such a nature that a very small amount of the gas, or vapor of the liquid, mixed with air is dangerous to life (example -phosgene gas). Poison B Poisonous liquids or solids which are known to be toxic to man by oral, inhalation or skin absorption exposure limits (example Lindane). Corrosive Material Materials with pH values less then or equal to two and greater than or equal to 12 which causes visible destruction or irreversible alterations in human skin (example -muriatic acid). Most of the hazardous materials used by ConnDOT employees are of a flammable or combustible nature. Some cleaners are corrosive materials and some pesticides are poisonous materials. A few of the two part adhesives and polyurethanes do react under certain conditions. When these products are used according to the manufacturer procedures, the reactions are kept under control. 2.3 Hazard Classes The USDOT groups all hazardous materials by nine (9) hazard classes: Explosives Gases Flammable and combustible liquids Flammable solids and water reactives Oxidizers and organic peroxides Poisonous and etiological agents Radioactive materials Corrosives Other regulated materials (ORM) 2.4 Definitions Definitions of hazardous material classes are provided in Section 2.2. Some terms are defined differently by different regulatory agencies (such as combustible liquid definitions by USDOT and NFPA). Many of these terms appear on manufacturer labels, MSDS's, and in this plan. Acute - effects or conditions that last over short periods of time Boiling Point -temperature at which a liquid boils (its vapor pressure equals that of the surrounding atmosphere) at a pressure of 14.7 psia (atmospheric pressure at sea level) CAS number -Chemical Abstract Service registration number

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CFR -Code of Federal Regulations -published each year and containing a codification of documents and general applicability Capacitor -device for accumulating and holding a charge of electricity and consisting of conducting surfaces separated by a dielectric Ceiling Limit -exposure concentration that should not be exceeded during any part of the working day Class IA Flammable Liquid -OSHA and NFPA definition -liquid having a flashpoint below 73°F and a boiling point below 100°F Class IB Flammable Liquid -OSHA and NFPA definition -liquid having a flashpoint below 73°F and a boiling point above 100°F Class IC Flammable Liquid -OSHA and NFPA definition -liquid having a flashpoint at or above 73°F and below 100°F Class II Combustible Liquid -OSHA and NFPA definition -liquid having a flashpoint at or above 100°F and below 140°F Class IIIA Combustible Liquid -OSHA and NFPA definition -liquid having a flashpoint at or above 140°F and below 200°F Class IIIB Combustible Liquid -OSHA and NFPA definition -liquid having a flashpoint above 200°F Combustible Liquid -OSHA and NFPA definition -liquid having a flashpoint at or above 100°F Combustible Liquid -USDOT definition -liquid having a flashpoint at or above 100°F and below 200°F Container -any storage device having a capacity of 60 U.S. gallons or less Dermal -refers to human skin or introduction into the bloodstream through the skin, usually used in health hazard exposure route or pathway descriptions Flammable Liquid - USDOT, OSHA and NFPA definition liquid having a flashpoint below 100°F Flashpoint - minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off vapor in sufficient concentration to form an ignitable mixture with air (sustain combustion) Hazardous material - a substance or material including a hazardous substance which has been determined to be capable of posing an unreasonable risk to health, safety and property

Hazardous substance - any substance that has a listed reportable quantity (RQ) in the appendix

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to 49 CFR 172.101 but is not included on the hazardous materials table -example is polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's) Inhalation - refers to human breathing or introduction into the bloodstream by drawing air into the lungs, usually used in health hazard exposure route or pathway descriptions Ingestion - refers to human swallowing or introduction into the bloodstream through the stomach, usually used in health hazard exposure route or pathway descriptions LC50 - the lowest concentration in air inhaled by laboratory animals which caused 50 percent of them to die LD50 - the lowest dosage given to laboratory animals which caused 501 percent of them to die LEL - Lower Explosive Limit -the minimum percent of vapor required, in a mixture with air, to support combustion LPG Liquid Petroleum Gas - any material which is composed predominantly of any of the following hydrocarbons, or mixtures of them; propane, propylene, butanes, and butylenes Large high voltage capacitor - a capacitor which contains 1.36 kilograms (Three pounds) or more dielectric fluid and which operates at 2 ' 0,00 volts (a/c or d/c) or above Large low voltage capacitor - a capacitor which contains 1.36 kilograms (three pounds) or more of dielectric fluid and which operates below 2,000 volts (a/c or d/c) MSDS -Material Safety Data Sheet - information package required by the OSHA Right-to-Know regulations providing information on hazardous constituents health hazards, physical data, fire protection data, reactivity and health safety items for industrial and commercial products n.o.s. - not otherwise specified -notation used in conjunction with generic hazard class descriptions when used as a proper shipping name PEL Permissible Exposure Limit - OSHA standard 8-hour TWA concentrations not to be exceeded for worker exposure pH - unitless measure of a substances acidity or basisity Polymerization - process by which a liquid chemically reacts (usually a resin or monomer) and becomes a solid (not including freezing) usually associated with rubbers, resins, and plastics. The reaction usually generates heat and/or a gas. Portable Tank - any storage device having a capacity more than 60 u.s. Gallons and not intended for fixed installation STEL - Short-term Exposure Limit - concentration to which workers can be exposed continuously for a short period of time without adverse effects

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Small capacitor - capacitor which contains less than 1.36 kilograms (three pounds) of dielectric fluid TLV -Threshold Limit Value - airborne concentration of a substance that is believed that nearly all workers may be repeatedly exposed day after day without adverse effects TWA -Time Weighted Average - concentration for a normal eight-hour work day and a 40-hour work week to which nearly all workers may be repeatedly exposed day after day, without adverse effects. Tank - any storage device having a capacity more than 60 u.s. gallons and intended for fixed installation UEL -Upper Explosive Limit - the maximum percent of a vapor required, in a mixture with air, to support combustion Valve end up - for compressed cylinder storage including conditions where the cylinder axis may be inclined as much as 45° from the vertical. Vapor pressure - pressure exerted by the substance evaporating from the surface in a liquid state. 3.0 SHIPPING AND RECEIVING OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 3.1 General The USDOT regulates the receiving, unloading, loading, shipping and transporting of hazardous materials. These regulations are provided in 49 CFR. Guidelines for ConnDOT to follow during each phase of shipping and receiving products containing hazardous materials are as follows: 3.2 Receipt of Hazardous Materials The USDOT requires shippers and transporters to know and carry out the labeling, packaging, and documenting of hazardous materials shipments, (and reject incorrect shipments). Receivers of hazardous materials shipments, although not regulated to do so, should also know the shipping requirements and reject shipments that could pose a threat to safety, health or the environment while unloading or storing at their facility. Before the materials are offloaded, the following items should be checked: •

•

•

Containers -check the integrity of the containers for damage, leakage or threat of leakage.

Shipping Documents -check document for accuracy, particularly the descriptions, quantities and weights or volumes. The appropriate MSDSs or Emergency Response Guidebook (2000 edition USDOT publication P5800.4) entries should accompany the bill of lading (See section 3.4.3 Shipping Documents).

Labels and Markings -check for USDOT approval numbers on containers and other

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applicable labels and marks (See section 3.4.4 Labeling and Placarding). Do not accept shipments that do not meet applicable standards and guidelines. Acceptance of materials transfers the compliance responsibility to the receiver. Acceptance of out of compliance items means the receiver is responsible for bringing the material into compliance. 3.2.1 Container and Package Integrity Containers and packages are specified by USDOT to be sufficient by various drop tests, load tests and material tests. Upon receipt of a shipment, these tests should not be performed but a visual inspection should be performed. Check the general conditions of the containers, look for bulging, dents, faulty closing materials (staples) or systems (bolts and rings for drums). If materials are stacked, check bottom items for load stress (crushed). Check for evidence of leakage or threat of leakage by exposed or leaking product, discoloration or staining of containers, punctures or other ruptures in the top of containers, stressed seams, edges, and corners of containers. Containers or packages whose integrity is not intact should not be accepted. For bulk deliveries, the integrity of the tank truck or other bulk delivery vehicle should be checked in the same way as containers. In either case, it can be assumed that damaged packaging may mean the product is impure or altered in some way and is not necessarily the item ordered from the vendor or distributor. 3.2.2 General Requirements for USDOT Approved Containers and Packages Each container and package used for shipping hazardous material must be marked as follows: •

•

•

•

•

•

In an unobstructed area, the USDOT identification letters and numerals (e.g. USDOT-17E-304HT) must be stamped, embossed, burned or printed permanently with letters and numerals at least ¼ inch high.

Steel containers shall be low-carbon commercial quality steel.

Wood containers must be free from decay, loose knots, and other defects that would lessen its strength.

Packaging and contents must not be chemically reactive with each other.

Gasket closures shall be of materials which will not be deteriorated by the contents.

Polyethylene may not be used to contain materials which will permeate the polyethylene (some poisons and solvents) in excess of the requirements of 49 CFR 173.24(d).

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•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Polyethylene used to contain poisons shall be permanently marked (embossed or other durable means) "POISON" in letters at least ¼ inch high.

3.3 Shipping of Hazardous Materials There are many requirements for labeling, marking, and shipping documents during transportation of hazardous materials (See section 3.4). This section describes the general guidelines to follow during loading and unloading of hazardous materials. 3.3.1 General The following general common sense rules should be applied to all shipments of hazardous materials (as per 49 CFR 173).

Tanks, barrels, drums, cylinders or other packaging not permanently attached to the vehicle and which contain a flammable liquid, compressed gas, corrosive material, poisonous material, radioactive material or have valves or fittings which may be damaged by movement must be secured against any movement within the vehicle during normal transportation.

Smoking on or near (within 25 feet) any vehicle containing or being loaded or unloaded of explosives, flammable liquids, flammable solids, flammable compressed gases or oxidizers if forbidden.

Drivers are responsible for rejecting packages of hazardous materials that show signs of leakage or other damage.

Stop engine while loading and unloading unless the engine is used to operate a pump used in the loading or unloading process.

Know the planned route before departing with a load of hazardous materials. Take into account general restricted routes (tunnels, alleys, etc.) and area specific restrictions (usually in and around residential areas).

Know the accident procedures thoroughly.

Although the regulations require load securing and smoking restrictions for specific hazard classes, all shipments of hazardous materials should be secured (e.g. with load bars) and smoking should be restricted within 25 feet of any vehicle, storage area loading area, and unloading area.

3.3.2 Hazard Class Specifics Each hazard class has specific guidelines to follow while loading and unloading. Also within each hazard class, specific materials have reparation requirements (see 49 CFR 173 subparts C-

27

O). Some do's and don'ts for each hazard class are provided below. However information on individual. Hazardous materials should be obtained from 49 CFR and in the NFPA codes. 3.3.2.1 Flammable Liquids When shipping or receiving bulk flammable liquids, containers or tanks not in metallic contact with each other during pumping, or other transfer of liquid, must have metallic bonds or ground conductors attached to avoid the buildup of static charge. Attach bonding first to the vehicle or container to be filled, then to the vehicle or container from which the flammable liquid will be withdrawn. Flammable Liquids Do's •

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Stop engine while loading and unloading.

Know the container bonding requirements, such as portable containers may not be filled in the back of a pickup and permanently mounted transfer tanks must be bonded to the vehicle in accordance with manufacture instructions.

Know the facility Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan and emergency procedures.

Check smaller cargo packages to be sure they are secure.

Check manholes and valves of bulk transporters to be sure they are closed.

Know accident procedures thoroughly.

Flammable Liquids Don'ts

Don't smoke; or allow others to smoke while handling flammable liquids.

Don't leave vehicle unattended while unloading.

Don't use any cargo heater without knowing the restrictions.

3.3.2.2 Compressed Gases To prevent overturning, compressed gas cylinders must be handled in one of four ways:

Lashed securely in an upright condition

Loaded into racks securely fastened to the vehicle

Packed in boxes or crates to prevent overturn

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•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Loaded horizontally (except USDOT-4L cylinders) Compressed Gases Do's

Be sure vehicle is adequately equipped to haul compressed gases safely.

Stop engine while loading or unloading flammable compressed gas.

Be sure liquid discharge valves are closed before moving vehicle.

Know special provisions for handling liquefied hydrogen and chlorine.

Know procedures to follow in case of an accident. Compressed Gases Don'ts

Don't drive a vehicle hauling liquefied hydrogen through a tunnel.

Don't move chlorine tanks with loading or unloading connections attached.

Don't smoke on or near vehicles containing flammable compressed gases. 3.3.2.3 Corrosive Liquids Since corrosives cause relatively quick and permanent damage by contact, loading, securing, segregation and unloading of corrosives should be done with extra care. Even though some corrosives are very commonly used (e.g. battery acid and ammonium hydroxide) and the user may be very comfortable in handling them, spills can cause big problems. In some specific cases (e.g. water reactive concentrated sulfuric acid) attempts to dilute a spill with water will cause more problems.

If individual carboys or breakable containers of corrosive liquids, including charged electric storage batteries, are loaded and unloaded by hand, they must be individually handled.

• Any storage batteries containing any electrolyte and hauled in a mixed load must be

protected from other cargo that may fall on or against them. Battery terminals must be insulated.

Corrosives Do's • Be sure vehicle condition meets requirements.

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•

•

• •

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Know container-handling requirements for loading by hand.

Be sure cargo is loaded in accordance with specifications.

If you are hauling batteries, be sure they are adequately protected during transit. Know procedures to follow in case of an accident.

Corrosive Don'ts

Don't load nitric acid above other commodities, and don't load it more than two tiers high.

Don't load any corrosive material with materials containing cyanide or cyanide derivatives.

Don't park on or near the roadway, or leave you vehicle unattended for more than very brief periods necessary to your duties.

3.3.2.4 Poisonous Materials For obvious reasons, no package bearing a poison label can be loaded with foodstuff, feed, or any edible material. Vehicles loaded with materials containing arsenic (some pesticides) must be marked "Arsenical Service Only" and must be decontaminated before it may be used again for other materials (See 49 CFR 173 Subpart H). Poison Do's

Know provisions for hauling poisons in cargo tanks, if your vehicle falls in that category.

Know special provisions for hauling arsenicals.

Be aware of vehicle parking and attendance rules.

Know what to do in case of an accident. Poison Don'ts

Don't load any package marked poison with any type of edible material.

Don't haul any arsenical material unless vehicle is properly loaded and marked correctly. 3.3.2.5 Flammable Solids and Oxidizing Materials As was the case for some corrosives, some of these materials react or generate heat with water. Therefore, there are restrictions to reduce the risk of exposure to water. Many flammable solids react violently with water (even light rain) and many oxidizers produce heat when exposed to

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small amounts of water. An example of this is that a swimming pool full of water can easily absorb the amount of heat generated by the addition of one pound of pool chlorine (sodium hypochlorite) but a firefighter’s attack line will actually fuel a sodium hypochlorite warehouse fire. •

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Flammable solids and oxidizing materials may not be transported on open, rack type trucks. They must be covered either by the vehicle body, tarpaulins, or other similar means.

Flammable solids and oxidizing materials must also be loaded while dry and in a manner that keeps them dry.

Flammable Solids and Oxidizing Materials Do's

Know loading and covering requirements for cargo.

Be sure ventilation is adequate for the cargo being hauled.

Know the special handling requirements for the commodity, if any. Know accident procedures

Flammable Solids and Oxidizing Materials Don'ts

Don't leave vehicle unattended for long periods.

Don't reload damaged cargo without following correct safety procedures to determine if all hazards have been eliminated.

Don't smoke on or near vehicle.

3.4 Transportation of Hazardous Materials Many times ConnDOT employees will be transporting hazardous materials. Picking up supplies at a Stores facility, transporting flammable paint to a site for signs and marking assignments and transporting disabled transformers and capacitors to service and maintenance facilities are examples of hazardous materials transportation during routine ConnDOT activities. For reasons of safety and to aid in the event of an accident or spill, all these guidelines should be followed. These guidelines should be followed when transporting hazardous materials to and from job sites that are off ConnDOT property and over public roads. In some instances, the load size will not require placarding. For purposes of this plan, it is assumed that all other federal, state and local transportation regulations, except hazardous material specific regulations, are known and followed by ConnDOT.

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3.4.1 General The USDOT mandates that a motor carrier follows all of its regulations (49 CFR) when transporting hazardous materials. In addition to the USDOT, state or local agencies may exclude routes that cannot, for any reason, tie used while transporting hazardous materials. 3.4.2 Attendance A motor vehicle which contains hazardous materials and which is located on a public street or highway or the shoulder of a public highway must be attended by its driver. The vehicle is considered attended when the person in charge of the vehicle is awake and within 100 feet of the vehicle with an unobstructed field of view. This person in charge must also be aware of the nature of the hazardous materials, has been instructed or trained in emergency procedures and is authorized and has the means and ability to move the vehicle. A vehicle containing hazardous materials must be operated, whenever practical, over routes that do not go near heavily populated areas, tunnels, narrow streets or alleys. The vehicle must not be parked on or within five feet of the travel portion of a public street or highway except for brief periods. No smoking or carrying a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe shall be done within 25 feet of the vehicle. 3.4.3 Shipping Documents Accompanying every shipment of hazardous materials will be a bill of lading. Figure 3-1 shows a bill of lading. Hazardous materials should be listed first or written in a color that clearly contrasts them from the non-hazardous items. Hazardous materials should be described on the bill of lading using the best hazardous materials description and proper shipping name available on the USDOT hazardous materials table found in 49 CFR 172.101. Also on the bill of lading will have to be the hazard class, ON or NA identification number, quantity, weight or volume, (except in the case of empty containers), and possibly, the letters "RQ" before or after the proper shipping name. For empty containers or packaging containing the residue of a hazardous material, the proper shipping name should include the words "Residue Last Contained" followed by the proper shipping name of the residual hazardous material. The letters "RQ" appear if the hazardous material being shipped (or contained in the product being shipped) is present in an amount greater than or equal to the "reportable quantity" listed in the Appendix to 49 CFR 172.101. Lastly, a 24-hour emergency response telephone number must be supplied on the bill of Lading. The number must be that of the person or agency offering the material for transportation. Accompanying the bill of lading must be either the MSDS's or appropriate emergency response guides from the Emergency Response Guidebook (1990 edition, publication USDOT P. 5800.4) for each hazardous material in the load. When the driver is at the controls, the shipping papers immediate reach when he is restrained by the seat belt. When the driver is not at the controls, the shipping be readily accessible to a to a

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person without requiring that person to enter the vehicle. This can be accomplished by leaving the shipping papers either on the drivers’ seat or in a drivers side door pocket. 3.4.4 Labeling and Placarding Before shipping hazardous materials from a stores facility to another facility, the labeling provided by the manufacturer or initial shipper shall be checked to insure all labels and marking are legible and complete. All containers should be marked with: •

•

•

•

Proper shipping name

UN or NA identification number

USDOT diamond shaped hazard class label (if applicable)

If the package has an inside package containing liquid hazardous materials, it must be legibly marked "THIS SIDE UP" or "THIS END UP"

Each vehicle that contains 1,000 pounds of hazardous material must be placarded on each end and each side with the applicable placard. Empty containers need not be included when determining placarding. The vehicle may be placarded "DANGEROUS, if it contains two or more classes of materials requiring different placards or the total is less than 1,000 pounds. If, however, 5,000 pounds of any single class is loaded onto the vehicle, that class must be placarded. 4.0 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS STORAGE 4.1 General Storage areas differ based on the capacity of storage( 55-gallon drums verses 5,000 gallon underground fuel storage tanks), the material stored (oxygen verses motor oil), and the hazard class of the material (flammable liquid berses alkaline liquids). This section provides a quick reference to what each hazard class, storage area, and container capacity requires. Proximity to each other (separating hazard classes) within the site boundaries is also provided. It should be noted that at no time should the maximum total storage quantities permitted for a site be exceeded. This section does not contain the detailed and large body of regulatory requirements for design and construction of various storage areas (i.e., dike design of above ground storage tank areas). 4.1.1 NFPA Hazard Identification System Chapter 3.0 of this manual provides the information necessary to check and maintain labeling of individual containers. This section provides the NFPA guidelines (see NFPA 704 Standard System for the Identification of the Fire Hazards of Materials) for labeling storage areas and tanks. This system is intended to provide information, from a distance, of a material or storage

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areas flammability, reactivity, health hazard level and any other related hazard during a fire, spill, or similar emergency. The Hazard Identification System diamonds consist of four smaller diamonds each of a different color and indicating a different hazard. The degree of severity for each hazard is given a numerical value, except other related hazards, which are given by symbols. The more severe the hazard, the higher the number. Zero indicates no hazard and four indicates severe hazards. The colors may be displayed two ways. One is a solid contrasting color background, usually black or white and the numbers and letters in their appropriate colors. The other is each section of the diamond is the appropriate color and the number and letters are a contrasting colors usually black or white. The complete text of NFPA Code 704 details numerical and diamond dimensions for various situations. A good rule of thumb is to have the diamonds readable from what is expected to be the distance of safe approach during a fire, spill or other emergency. Another rule of thumb for storage areas with many different materials or products is to label that area with the worst case rating based on all the materials present. 4.1.1.1 Health Hazards The NFPA defines health hazard as the likelihood of a material to cause, either directly or indirectly, temporary or permanent injury incapacitation due to an acute expose by contact, inhalation, or ingestion. The degrees of health hazard shall be ranked according to the probable severity of the effects of exposure to personnel as follows: Hazard Rating 4 Materials that, on very short exposure, could cause death or major residual injury, Including those that are too dangerous to be approached without specialized protective equipment. This degree usually includes: •

•

•

•

•

Materials that, under normal conditions or under fire conditions, are extremely hazardous (i.e., toxic or (corrosive) through inhalation or through contact with or absorption by the skin

Materials whose LD50 for acute oral toxicity is less than or equal to 5 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg)

Materials whose LD50 for acute dermal toxicity is less than or equal to 40 milligrams per kilogram (fig/kg)

Dusts and mists whose LC50 for acute inhalation toxicity is less than or equal to 0.5 milligrams per liter (mg/l)

Any liquid whose saturated vapor concentration at 20°C is equal to or greater than ten times its LC50 for acute inhalation toxicity, if its LC50 is less than or equal to 1000 parts per

34

million (ppm) • Gases whose LC50 for acute inhalation toxicity is less than or equal to 1000 parts per million

(ppm) Hazard Rating 3 Materials that, on short exposure, could cause serious temporary or residual injury, including those requiring protection from all bodily contact. This degree usually includes: •

•

•

•

•

•

•

Materials that give off highly toxic combustion products

Materials whose LD50 for acute oral toxicity is greater than 5 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg), but less than or equal to 50 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg)

Materials whose LD50 for acute dermal toxicity is greater than 40 milligrams per Kilogram (mg/kg), but less than or equal to 200 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg)

Dusts and mist whose LC50 for acute inhalation toxicity is greater than 0.5 milligrams per liter (mg/l), but less than or equal to 2 milligrams per liter (mg/l)

Any liquid whose saturated vapor concentration at 20°C is equal to or greater than its LC50 for acute inhalation toxicity, if its LC50 is less than or equal to 3000 parts per million (ppm) and that does not meet the criteria for degree of hazard 4

Gases whose LC50 for acute inhalation toxicity is greater than 1000 parts per million (ppm) but less than or equal to 3000 parts per million (ppm) Materials that either are severely corrosive to skin on single, short exposure or cause irreversible eye damage

Hazard Rating 2 Materials that, on intense or short exposure, could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury, including those requiring the use of respiratory protective equipment that has an independent air supply. This degree usually includes: •

•

•

Materials that give off toxic or highly irritating combustion products

Materials that, under normal conditions or fire conditions, give off toxic vapors that lack warning properties

Materials whose LD50 for acute oral toxicity is greater than 50 milligrams per kilogram, but less than or equal to 500 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg)

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•

•

•

•

•

Materials whose LD50 for acute dermal toxicity is greater than 200 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg), but less than or equal to 1000 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg)

Dusts and mists whose LC50 for acute inhalation toxicity is greater than 2 milligrams per liter (mg/l), but less than or equal to 10 milligrams per liter (mg/l)

Any liquid whose saturated vapor concentration at 20 degrees C is equal to or greater than one-fifth (1/5) its LC50 for acute inhalation toxicity, if its LC50 is less than or equal to 5000 parts per million (ppm) and that does not meet the criteria for either degree of hazard 3 or degree of hazard 4

Gases whose LC50 for acute inhalation toxicity is greater than 3000 parts per million (ppm), but less than or equal to 5000 parts per million (ppm)

Materials that cause severe but reversible respiratory, skin, or eye irritation

Hazard Rating 1 Materials that, on short exposure, could cause irritation, but only minor residual injury, including those requiring the use of an approved air purifying respirator. This degree usually includes: •

•

•

•

•

•

•

Materials that, under fire conditions, give off irritating combustion products

Materials that, under fire conditions, cause skin irritation, but not destruction of tissue

Materials whose LD50 for acute oral toxicity is greater than 500 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg), but less than or equal to 2000 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg)

Materials whose LD50 for acute dermal toxicity is greater than 1000 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg), but less than or equal to 2000 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg)

Dusts and mists whose LC50 for acute inhalation toxicity is greater than 10 milligrams per liter (mg/l), but less than or equal to 200 milligrams per liter (mg/l)

Gases and vapors whose LC50 for acute inhalation toxicity city is greater than 5000 parts per million (ppm), but less than or equal to 10,000 parts per million (ppm)

Materials that are moderate respiratory irritants or that cause slight to moderate eye irritation Hazard Rating 0 Materials that on short exposure under fire conditions, would offer no hazard beyond that of ordinary combustible materials. This degree usually includes:

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•

•

•

•

Materials whose LD50 for acute oral toxicity is greater than 2000 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg)

Materials whose LD50 for acute dermal toxicity is greater than 2000 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg)

Dusts and mists whose LC50 for acute inhalation toxicity is greater than 200 milligrams per liter (mg/l)

Gases and vapors whose LC50 for acute inhalation toxicity is greater than 10,000 parts per million (ppm)

4.1.1.2 Flammability Hazards The NFPA defines flammability by the flashpoint of materials. The degrees of hazard shall be ranked according to the susceptibility of materials to burn as follows: Flammability Rating 4 Materials that will rapidly or completely vaporize at atmospheric pressure and normal ambient temperatures or that are readily dispersed in air, and which will burn readily. This degree usually includes: •

•

•

•

Flammable gases

Flammable cryogenic materials

Any liquid or gaseous material that is liquid while under pressure and has a flash point below 73°F (22.8°C) and a boiling point below 100°F (37.8°C) (i.e. Class IA flammable liquids)

Materials that ignite spontaneously when exposed to air

Flammability Rating 3 Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all-ambient temperature conditions. Materials in this degree produce hazardous atmospheres with air under almost all ambient temperatures or, though unaffected by ambient temperatures, are readily ignited under almost all conditions. This degree usually includes: •

•

Liquids having a flash point below 73°F (22.8°C) and having a boiling point at or above 100°F (37.8°C) and those liquids having a flash point at or above 73°F (22.8°C) and below 100°F (37.8°F) (i.e. Class IB and Class IC flammable liquids)

Materials that on account of their physical form or environmental conditions can form explosive mixtures with air and that are readily dispersed in air, such as dusts of combustible solids and mists of flammable or combustible liquid droplets

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• Materials that burn with extreme rapidity, usually by reason of self-contained oxygen (e.g., dry nitrocellulose and many organic peroxides)

Flammability Rating 2 Materials that must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperatures before ignition can occur. Materials in this degree would not under normal conditions form hazardous atmospheres with air, but under high ambient temperatures or under moderate heating may release vapor in sufficient quantities to produce hazardous atmospheres with air. This degree usually includes:

•

•

•

•

Liquids having a flash point above 100°F (37.8°C), but not exceeding 200°F (93.4°C) (i.e., Class II and Class IlIA combustible liquids)

Solid materials in the form of coarse dusts that may burn rapidly but that generally do not form explosive atmospheres with air

Solid materials in a fibrous or shredded form that may burn rapidly and create flash fire hazards, such as cotton, and hemp

Solids and semisolids that readily give off flammable vapors

Flammability Rating 1 Materials that must be preheated before ignition can occur. Materials in this degree require considerable preheating, under all ambient temperature conditions, before ignition and combustion can occur. This degree usually includes: •

•

•

Materials that will burn in air when exposed to a temperature of 1500 degrees F (815.5 degrees C) for a period of five minutes or less

Liquids, solids, and semisolids having a flash point above 200 degrees F (93.4 degrees C) (i.e., Class IIIB combustible liquids)

Most ordinary combustible materials

Flammability Rating 1 Materials that will not burn. This degree usually includes any material that will not burn in air when exposed to temperatures of 1500 degrees F (815.5 degrees C) for a period of five minutes. 4.1.1.3 Reactivity Hazards The NFPA defines a reactive material as one that can enter into a violent chemical reaction with water. A hazardous material may enter a violent chemical reaction with materials other than water. This hazardous rating system is intended for use during fires, spills or other emergency responses, usually involving the use of water, therefore, other reactions are outside the scope of the system.

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The NFPA defines an unstable material as one that in its pure or commercially produced state, will vigorously polymerize, decompose, and become self-reactive, pressure or temperature. The degrees of hazard shall be ranked according to ease, rate and quantity of energy release. Reactivity Rating 4 Materials that in themselves are readily capable of detonation or explosive decomposition or explosive reaction at normal temperatures and pressures. This degree usually includes materials that are sensitive to localized thermal or mechanical shock at normal temperatures and pressures. Reactivity Rating 3 Materials that in themselves are capable of detonation or explosive decomposition or explosive reaction, but that require a strong initiating source or that must be heated under confinement before initiation. •

•

Materials that are sensitive to thermal or mechanical shock at elevated temperatures and pressures

Materials that react explosively with water without requiring heat or confinement

Reactivity Rating 2 Materials that readily undergo violent chemical change at elevated temperatures and pressures. This degree usually includes: •

•

Materials that exhibit an exotherm at temperatures less than or equal to 150°C when tested by differential scanning calorimetry

Materials that may react violently with water or form potentially explosive mixtures with water

Reactivity Rating 1 Materials that in themselves are normally stable, but that can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressure. This degree usually includes: • •

Materials that change or decompose on exposure to air, light, or moisture Materials that exhibit an exotherm at temperatures greater than 150°C, but less than or equal to 300°C, when tested by differential scanning calorimetry

Reactivity Rating 0 Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under fire conditions. This degree usually includes: •

•

Materials that do not react with water

Materials that exhibit an exotherm at temperatures greater than 300°C but less than or equal

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to 500°C when tested by differential scanning calorimetry •

•

•

Materials that do not exhibit an exotherm at temperature less than or equal to 500°C when tested by differential scanning calorimetry

4.1.1.4 Special Hazards Only two special hazards are specified by the NFPA: Water reactive - materials that demonstrate unusual reactivity with water. The symbol is a capital W with a horizontal line through it Oxidizer - materials that possess oxidizing properties. The symbol is the letters OX If both special hazards are present in a material, only the water reactive symbol needs to be displayed. 4.2 Compressed Gasses 4.2.1 General For purpose of handling, storing and utilizing all compressed gases in cylinders, OSHA refers users to the Compressed Gas Association Pamphlets. Pamphlet P-1 for general uses, C-6 and C-8 for visual and other inspections. 4.2.1.1 Storage Areas Compressed gases have the potential to be extremely dangerous when stored improperly or insecurely. If the bottom were to corrode from sitting on the bare ground too long or a valve stem snaps from dropping a cylinder, the power and velocity generated by the released pressure is enough to go through concrete fire walls, above ground storage tank wells, and almost anything in its path. All storage areas must be prominently posted with the name of the gases being stored. Just as with the NFPA Hazard Identification System diamonds, the gas name(s) should be readable from what is expected to be the closest safe approach during an emergency response. Different types of gases, and if space is available different gases, should be segregated. Also, empty cylinders should not be stored with full cylinders or they should be stored such that they may be removed with minimum handling of full cylinders. Distances between compressed gas storage areas and flammable and combustible liquids storage areas are given in sections 4.3, 4.4, 29 CFR1910.104, and NFPA 30. Some other conditions to avoid when siting compressed gas storage areas are:

Continuous dampness, Salt storage areas

Elevator areas, unprotected platform edges, or where heavy equipment (forklifts) may strike

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the cylinders. The cylinders themselves should be stored and secured properly. Also, certain precautions should be taken to protect the cylinders from certain weather conditions. Cylinders should be stored: •

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In an upright (valve end up) secured fashion or for short periods of time, horizontally with some type of roll prevention.

On skids or a platform, when stored outdoors, to protect from the ground and prevent bottom corrosion.

Out of the sun to prevent temperatures at or above 130°F in the immediate vicinity of the valve stem.

Indoor provided adequate ventilation and temperature controls are available.

4.2.1.2 Markings, Labeling, and Tagging Markings and labeling must be present on all compressed gas cylinders. Sometimes, tags are used in place of adhesive labels, but most often tags are used to indicate the service record, or operational stage (full, in service, empty) of the cylinder. Cylinder labels must include all hazardous material labeling requirements (see section 3.3.4). Markings must be permanently stamped or otherwise on the cylinder. They are usually located on the shoulder or top surface of the cylinder neck. Each marking must include:

USDOT cylinder specification (ex. USDOT-3AA)

Service pressure (ex. 2015)

Serial number (ex. Z45015)

Manufacturer (ex. MAT)

Initial inspection date (ex. 5-79)

Inspector symbol (ex. EJD)

Other marks where necessary (ex. SPUN) Some of the other marks that may be present indicate the process by which the valve stem is attached and secured during the manufacturing process. See 49 CFR 178, for complete specifications.

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4.2.2 Acetylene For purposes of handling, storing, and utilizing acetylene in cylinders, OSHA refers users to the Compressed Gas Association Pamphlet G-l. Acetylene storage should be: •

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•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Not near oxygen storage without a noncombustible partition separation. Although they are used together during welding, large unregulated mixtures of acetylene and oxygen are extremely dangerous.

Posted conspicuously in the storage area "NO SMOKING -NO OPEN FLAMES".

Upright (valve end up) and secured at all times. Horizontal storage, even temporarily, increases the likelihood of solvent loss, lowering flame quality.

4.2.3 Oxygen Although the oxygen storage regulations govern bulk oxygen storage (more than 13,000 cubic feet of oxygen, normal temperature and pressure (NTP)), many of the requirements can be applied to smaller quantities without great expense. Oxygen storage should be:

Above ground and out of doors

Cylinders containing liquid oxygen shall be stored on a noncombustible surface. OSHA defines asphalt or bituminous paving as combustible for purposes of liquid oxygen storage

The area should be elevated or protected by diking, diversion curbs or grading when stored in relative proximity to flammable or combustible liquid storage

Various distances apply as specified in 29 CFR 1910.104, from flammable and combustible liquids to flammable gas storage areas depending on the capacity and elevation (above or below ground) of the flammable or combustible liquids storage area.

A permanent placard reading "OXYGEN-NO SMOKING-NO OPEN FLAMES" shall be installed at the storage area

4.2.4 Liquefied Petroleum Gases

Liquefied petroleum gas storage areas are quantity restricted by the NFPA and local fire department and are location and proximity restricted to other hazard and property boundaries by OSHA

Each individual container shall be located with respect to the nearest important building or group of buildings

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•

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Readily ignitable material such as weeds and long dry grass shall be removed within 10 feet of any container

The minimum separation between liquefied petroleum gas containers and flammable liquid tanks shall be 20 feet, and the minimum separation between a container and the centerline of the flammable liquid containment dike shall be 10 feet

Diked areas around above ground storage tanks shall not be used as a liquefied petroleum gas storage area

Up to 300 pounds (approximately 2,550 cubic feet in vapor form) of LP-gas can be stored inside buildings not frequented by the public

4.3 Above Ground Storage Tanks Above ground storage tanks, which hold flammable or combustible liquids, should be:

Separated from each other by a distance based on their capacity and diameters (see NFPA 30 Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code) but the minimum distance between any two flammable or combustible liquids storage tanks shall not be less than one-sixth the sum of their diameters or three feet

Various distances apply, as specified in NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code, from flammable and combustible liquids to any property line that is or can be built upon, any public way, or any important building. The minimum distance shall not be less than one-sixth the sum of their diameters or five feet. See NFPA 30 for specifics based on construction type, liquid type, capacity, and tank protections.

The minimum separation between a liquefied petroleum gas container storage area and a flammable or combustible liquid storage tank shall be 20 feet

Various distances apply, as specified in 29 CFR 1910.104, from flammable and combustible liquids to flammable gas storage areas depending on the capacity and elevation (above or below ground) of the flammable or combustible material storage

The area surrounding a tank or group of tanks shall have drainage or be diked to prevent accidental discharge to the environment. The termination area of a drainage system or the volume of the dike (excluding the tank displacement volume) shall have a capacity not smaller than the largest tank

Many other regulations apply to above ground storage tanks (construction, testing, installation etc.) but for the purposes of this section, the location regulatory guidelines are sufficient.

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4.4 Underground Storage Tanks Underground storage tank areas shall be located such that: •

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•

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The distance from any part of a tank storing Class I flammable liquids to the nearest wall or basement shall not be less than one foot, and to any property line shall not be less than three feet

Various distances apply, as specified in 29 CFR 1910.104, from flammable and combustible liquids to flammable gas storage areas depending on the capacity and elevation (above or below ground) of the flammable or combustible material storage area

Other regulations apply to underground storage tanks (construction, testing, installation etc.) but for the purposes of this section, the location regulatory guidelines are sufficient. 4.5 Container Storage Areas Containers are storage devices less than 60 U.S. gallons. In general, the USDOT regulates container design and construction. A USDOT approved container (with the letters USDOT and an approval number permanently on the container) is generally accepted by other regulatory agencies (OSHA, EPA, and NFPA).

Diked areas containing above ground storage tanks shall not be used for container storage

Storage cabinets are limited to storage of not more than 60 gallons of Class I or Class II liquids nor more than 120 gallons of Class III liquids

Cabinets storing flammable liquids shall be labeled in conspicuous lettering "Flammable-Keep Fire Away"

According to OSHA and NFPA storage of and maximum pile size of flammable and combustible liquids indoors shall not exceed the allowable quantities given in Tables 4-3, 4-4, and 4-5

According to OSHA aisle space for inside storage rooms shall be at least three feet wide and containers over 30 gallons shall not be stacked unpalletized, one upon the other

According to OSHA the maximum pile size and site proximity for storage of flammable and combustible liquids outdoors depends on the class of the liquid. Tables 4-6 and 4-7 give the maximum pile sizes and proximity requirements.

OSHA does not restrict total flammable or combustible liquid storage capacity but does restrict their location within an indoor storage area and the maximum size of piles within an outdoor storage area

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•

•

•

•

•

Storage of flammable or combustible liquids in spray booth area used during spray finishing operations is restricted to the minimum quantity required for operations and should not exceed a supply for one day or one shift

4.5.1 Empties Empty containers can in most cases be cleaned and reused for any purpose. Some exceptions are:

Polyethylene used to contain poisons, which are permanently marked “POISON”, cannot be reused for non-poisonous materials

Empty specification 17C, 17E, and 17H steel drums may be cleaned and reused for hazardous materials provided:

Packaging used for hazardous materials must have old markings (except permanent markings) and labels removed or obliterated before reuse

They are cleaned with a material that completely removes all residues, and is inspected for defects (including covers, rings, etc.)

The container is retested for leakage and pressure tested and marked as tested according to 49 CFR 173.28(m)(3)

Any drum which shows evidence of visible pitting, creases, significant rust, metal fatigue or other material defects or which cannot be returned to its original shape and contour cannot be reused for containing hazardous materials. 5.0 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS HANDLING 5.1 General This section is intended to give some guidance, when coupled with the manufacturer labels and MSDS information, to the safe use of products containing hazardous materials. The best rule of thumb when dealing with hazardous materials is to take your time, read the labels and MSDS very carefully and pay attention to them. Many times, the user gets very comfortable with a product from prolonged or repeated use, and many times the user pokes fun at the warnings, claiming they are based on feeding 100 gallons every hour to a two ounce mouse. Many of the levels are obtained through human exposures. Employee records, voluntary studies, accidental exposures, autopsies and suicides are a few ways that human exposure levels are determined. The most deceiving exposures are the chronic ones that don't provide any acute signs or symptoms and accumulate over time from prolonged or repeated exposures. 5.2 Personnel Protective Equipment (PPE)

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Except where advised by the manufacturers warning label or in MSDS's, ordinary coveralls and leather/cloth work gloves will provide sufficient protection against exposure to many hazardous materials. Remember that many materials are considered hazardous for reasons of health or exposure hazards. Labels and MSDS's will list which PPE items should be worn while working with the product. Some general guidelines and reasons for various PPE items are discussed below however, always consult the label or MSDS for specific information. Supervisors shall ensure employees under their jurisdiction are trained in the proper selection and use of any required PPE. Eye Protection -Generally, eye protection is only thought to be necessary during grinding, spray painting, or other such activities where the density of air born contaminants or irritants is high. The eye and surrounding tissue is a very convenient way for contaminants to enter the blood stream and do damage here or elsewhere. Eye protection should be worn whenever labels or MSDS's advise their use. Gloves -The hands are the most common areas subjected to repeated or prolonged exposures. Many hazardous materials, especially solvents, chlorinated solvents and products thinned with solvents absorb readily through the skin and hands. Once in the bloodstream they will travel to where they can do damage or to the liver where they will be filtered out of the bloodstream but may accumulate.

Not all materials are absorbed into the skin. Corrosives, in particular, do their damage to the skin right away and the hands are the most likely place for them to be. Many cases of contaminant exposure start at the hands and get into the mouth, throat, lungs and stomach via smoking, eating or other hand to mouth contact. Chemical resistant aprons or coveralls -These, like gloves, protect from skin exposures and protect from unknowingly repeated or prolonged exposures. Contaminated clothes worn all day or day after day, even if no hazardous materials have been encountered for many days, can carry the hazardous materials, repeatedly exposing yourself, possibly contaminating your car, home, even family. Another possible scenario is that gloves are worn, hands are washed, but cigarettes stored in a shirt pocket become contaminated, are smoked, and exposure by inhalation and/or ingestion (via swallowing saliva) occurs. Air Purifying Respirators and SCBAs - So far the examples given have shown inhalation and ingestion exposures by indirect routes. And, unfortunately, most people associate respirators and SCBAs only with spills, emergency response, and Hazmat response teams. Particularly, but not exclusively, painting, priming, and sandblasting operations pose the threat of inhalation and ingestion exposures and these items, respirators more so than SCBA's for ConnDOT activities should be used on a regular basis when advised by labels or MSDS's. Other operations (e.g. herbicide/pesticide spreading) and their PPE items (e.g. dust masks) may be necessary during ConnDOT's work. Check the individual label or MSDS and avoid falling into the "familiarity breeds content" trap.

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5.3 Handling The same trap that user's fall into when it comes to PPE can be applied to handling. Familiarity and repeated or prolonged use of a hazardous material leads to a relaxation of safe handling precautions and procedures. Rather than repeating the items discussed in Section 5.2, be aware that avoiding skin contact, eye contact, inhalation, ingestion, and repeated or prolonged exposure is accomplished by use of personnel protective equipment and environmental controls. Labels and MSDS's give special handling precautions that should be followed. Most of the handling precautions give ways to avoid a possible exposure (wear protective clothing) or ways to avoid a build-up of contaminants in the work environment (use in well-ventilated areas). In general, handling precautions tell you how to prepare the work environment and product to minimize exposures. 5.3.1 PCBs Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) appear in ConnDOT equipment such as fluorescent light ballasts, capacitors and transformers. PCB materials which contain less than 50 parts per million (50 mg/l) are excluded from regulation. Since the amount of PCB dieletric fluid in a given piece of equipment is not generally marked on the equipment, EPA has developed some "rules of thumb" to determine the volume of dielectric fluid in capacitors. •

•

•

•

A capacitor whose total volume is less than 1,639 cubic centimeters (l00 cubic inches) may be considered to contain less than 1.36 kilograms (three pounds) of dielectric fluid

A capacitor whose total volume is more than 3,273 cubic centimeters (200 cubic inches) must be considered to contain more than 1.36 kilograms (three pounds) of dielectric fluid

A capacitor whose total volume is between 1,639 and 3,278 cubic centimeters may be considered to contain less than 1.36 kilograms of dielectric fluid if the total weight of the capacitor is less than 4.08 kilograms (nine pounds)

Fluorescent light ballast will always have less then one pound and transformers will always have more than 10 pounds of dielectric fluid. This information is used during transportation and/or spill response to determine if the reportable quantity (RQ) of 10 pounds is present. 5.3.1.1 PCB Markings There are two PCB markings that are required by 40 CFR 761.40 to be on PCB equipment that contains PCB liquid in concentrations of 50ppm or higher. Figure 5-1 shows the two PCB marks. The following items must be marked with large PCB mark. If the item is not marked by the manufacturer, distributor, or when it is taken out of service, it must be marked by ConnDOT employees. Marking of PCB contaminated equipment (drained transformers, capacitors etc.) is not required.

PCB transformers

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• • • • •

•

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PCB large high voltage capacitors PCB equipment containing a PCB Small Capacitor PCB containers Electric motors using PCB coolants Hydraulic systems using PCB hydraulic fluid Heat transfer systems using PCB's

The small PCB mark is to be used when an item or piece of equipment is too small to accommodate the large mark. 5.3.1.2 Placarding Transport vehicles shall be marked on each end and side with the large PCB mark if it is loaded with PCB containers or PCB items that contain more than 45 kilograms (99.4 pounds) of PCB's in the liquid phase. Any transport vehicle with one or more PCB transformers shall also be placarded with the large PCB mark. 5.3.1.3 Storage Area Storage areas of PCB's or PCB items stored while awaiting disposal must meet certain construction requirements as provided in 29 CFR 261.65 (b). That section details flooring, roofing, containment and facility requirements. Some non-construction requirements and items do not need to be stored in such facilities are given below:

No PCB's or PCB items may be stored at a site that is below the 100-year flood water elevation. PCB items and PCB containers may be stored for up to thirty days provided they are marked with the date they went into storage and are non-leaking or in secondary enclosed containment (over-packed) if leaking. If a storage area is full, non-leaking and structurally undamaged PCB Large High Voltage Capacitors and PCB contaminated Electrical Equipment may be stored on pallets next to the facility for up to thirty days. 5.4 Reactions It is not expected that any unwanted reactions will occur but reactions may occur between products used by ConnDOT employees. Two part epoxy resins and polyurethane adhesives undergo controlled reaction during their mixing and curing. The best rule of thumb to follow in avoiding reactions is to simply not mix two products together which are not manufactured to be mixed. Special care should be taken to not:

Use Part A of one resin or adhesive with part B of another resin or adhesive

Combine two cleaning fluids in an attempt to make a stronger cleaning fluid

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Thin hardened polyurethane adhesives or epoxy resins (one or two part systems) with any solvents or water

Thin hardened pastes containing elemental metals or metal dusts with chlorinated hydrocarbons or Freon (Fluorochloromethanes)

Mix ammoniacal fertilizer with anything except water

Use materials, especially ether containing products, after their expired shelf life

Although anti-freeze is not a regulated hazardous material. it should not be stored or allowed to come in contact with batteries or battery acid

Store welding rods or other metal parts or piping with batteries or allow the rods to come in contact with battery acid

Expose Bondo sealer to prolonged or excessive heat, and thin it with any solvent not approved by the manufacturer

These precautions will prevent reactions from occurring. If a mixture generates heat on its own, generates a gas (usually but not always evident from bubbling or smoking) or changes state relatively quickly (gasifies liquefied or solidifies) then it is undergoing a reaction. Many reactions are desired and can be controlled:

The curing of a two part polyurethane adhesive

The liquefaction and quick solidification of a metal, oxygen, and acetylene mixture during welding

A vehicle battery operates by a reaction

If an unwanted or unexpected reaction occurs, the area or building should be evacuated and the Contingency Plan put into effect. The emergency coordinator should gather up as much information about the reactants (from MSDS's) and the reaction (from eyewitnesses) as possible. Many time the spill response performed for the reactants will be insufficient in dealing with the' new products produced by the reaction. 6.0 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & CONTINGENCY PLAN 6.1 General An Emergency Preparedness & Contingency Plan is a requirement of RCRA, which regulates hazardous waste, and local Emergency Planning Committees as required by SARA Title III. A contingency plan isn't always required for hazardous materials management but the content and procedures of such a plan can and should be applied to facilities and personnel that receive, store,

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transport and handle products containing hazardous materials.

6.2 Contingency Planning The contingency plan must be designed to minimize hazards to human health and the environment from fires, explosions, or any unplanned sudden or non-sudden release of a hazardous material. The provisions of the contingency plan must be carried out immediately whenever there is a fire, explosion, or release of a hazardous material, which could threaten human health or the environment. Copies of the contingency plan must be maintained at the facility and submitted to the local Police and Fire Department, and local and state emergency response teams who may be called upon to respond to site emergencies. 6.3 Contingency Plan Contents The contingency plan must describe the actions facility personnel must take in response to fires, explosions, or any unplanned sudden or non-sudden release of a hazardous material to the environment. 6.4 Contingency Plan Amendments The Contingency Plan must be amended upon revision of applicable regulations, changes in the facility or material types, changes in key personnel listed in the plan, changes in on site emergency equipment, or if the plan should fail after use. 6.5 Emergency Procedures The Contingency Plan must be activated whenever there is an imminent or actual emergency situation. During emergency situations, the minimal emergency procedure required should include the following: •

•

Activate internal facility or communication systems, where applicable, to notify all facility personnel

Notify ConnDEP and local agencies with designated response roles if their help is needed

Whenever there is a release, fire, or explosion, the emergency coordinator must immediately identify the character, exact source, amount, and extent of any released materials. The emergency coordinator may do this by observation or review of facility records or bills of lading and, if necessary, by chemical analysis. Concurrently, the emergency coordinator must assess possible hazards to human health or the environment that may result from the release, fire, or explosion. This assessment must consider both direct and indirect effects of the release, fire, or explosion (e.g., the effects of any toxic, irritating, or asphyxiating gases that are generated, or the effects of any hazardous surface water

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run-offs from water or chemical agents used to control fire and heat-induced explosions). If the emergency coordinator determines that the facility has had a release, fire, or explosion, which could threaten human health or the environment, outside the facility, he must report his findings as follows: 1. If the assessment indicates that evacuation of local areas may be advisable, the

emergency coordinator must immediately notify appropriate local authorities. He must be available to help appropriate officials decide whether local areas should be evacuated; and

2. The emergency coordinator must immediately notify either the government official

designated as the on-scene coordinator for that geographical area or the National Response Center (using their 24-hour toll free number 800/424-8802). The report must include:

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Name and telephone number of reporter Name and address of facility Time and type of incident (e.g., release, fire) Name and quantity of material(s) involved, to the extent known The extent of injuries, if any The possible hazards to human health, or the environment, outside the facility

3. During an emergency, the emergency coordinator must take all reasonable measures

necessary to ensure that fires, explosions, and releases do not occur, recur, or spread to other hazardous materials at the facility. These measures must include, where applicable, stopping processes and operations, collecting and containing released material, and removing or isolating containers.

4. If the facility stops operations in response to a fire, explosion or release, the emergency

coordinator must monitor for leaks, pressure buildup, gas generation, or ruptures in valves, pipes, or other equipment, wherever this is appropriate.

5. Immediately after an emergency, the emergency coordinator must provide for treating,

storing, or disposing of recovered material, contaminated soil or surface water, or any other material that results from a release, fire, or explosion at the facility.

6. The emergency coordinator must ensure that, in the affected area(s) of the facility:

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No waste that may be incompatible with the released material is received, stored, shipped or handled until cleanup procedures are completed All emergency equipment listed in the contingency plan is cleaned and fit for its intended use before operations are resumed

7. The owner or operator must notify ConnDEP and local authorities that the facility is in

compliance with the emergency preparedness requirements before operations are resumed in the affected area(s) of the facility.

8. The owner or operator must note in the operating record the time, date, and details of any

incident that requires implementing the contingency plan. Within 15 days after the incident, a written report on the incident must be submitted to ConnDEP. The report must include:

Name, address, and telephone number of the owner or operator Name, address, and telephone number of the facility Date, time and type of incident (e.g., fire, explosion) Name and quantity of material(s) involved The extent of injuries, if any An assessment of actual or potential hazards to human health or the environment, where this is applicable Estimated quantity and disposition of recovered material that resulted from the incident

6.6 Preparedness & Prevention As is the case with a Contingency Plan, preparedness and prevention isn't mandated by the applicable regulatory agencies in regard to hazardous materials. However, it is considered part of a hazardous material Best Management Practice (BMP) to prevent and be prepared for the possibility of a fire, explosion, or any unplanned sudden or non-sudden release of hazardous materials into the environment. Under the RCRA requirement, facilities must be equipped with internal communications or alarm equipment, telephones, fire extinguishers, and a water supply source. The facility must also maintain unobstructed aisle space for emergency response operations, and make prior arrangements with police and fire departments, and emergency response teams to ensure their familiarity with the facility. The NFPA, although not a regulatory agency, does provide codes and information pertaining to

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alarm equipment, fire extinguishers, water supply, aisle space and other fire prevention measures. 7.0 TRAINING 7.1 Personnel Training Training is a requirement of the EPA under RCRA for hazardous waste operations and by OSHA under the Right-to-know regulations. The purpose of training is to instruct facility personnel to perform their hazardous materials management duties in such a way as to ensure the facility's safety and compliance with the EPA and OSHA. The training program must be directed by a person trained in hazardous materials management procedures, and must include instruction which teaches facility personnel hazardous material management procedures relevant to their positions including contingency plan implementation. 7.2 Training Curriculum The training curriculum at a minimum must be designed to personnel are able to respond effectively to emergencies with emergency procedures, emergency equipment, and emergency system. In addition, personnel must be trained in the hazardous material management functions that they perform. Topics for training should include following: • • • • • •

Container markings and labels Hazard recognition Preparing hazardous material bills of lading Empty container management Personnel protective equipment Handling hazardous materials Hazardous material storage on site Contingency plan implementation

It is not necessary to train facility personnel in all aspects of hazardous materials management. However, it is necessary to train facility personnel in a manner that maintains facility compliance. This training should occur before personnel are assigned hazardous material management duties. Personnel training as described above should also be provided as an annual review "refresher training" each year. 7.3 Training Documents Training documentation requirements are addressed and performed under ConnDOT's HAZ-COM and Hazardous Waste Management Program.

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Connecticut Department of Transportation Division of Occupational Health & Safety

Hazardous Materials

Emergency Response Program (HMERP)

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SECTION III Hazardous Materials Emergency Response Program 1.0 Introduction The purpose of this Standard Operating Guideline (SOG), is to establish the actions that shall and shall not be taken by Connecticut Department of Transportation (ConnDOT) personnel while dealing with hazardous materials which they may discover or be requested to respond to during the normal performance of their duties. The intent of this SOG is to protect workers from hazardous substances for which they have neither been trained to handle nor have the equipment or resources to handle. The Department of Transportation has a few units that must deal with emergency situations involving hazardous materials on a regular basis, (i.e. Firefighters). These units are exempt from this SOG, however, those units are required to have in place SOGs dealing with their specific operations. With that being said and considering the many levels of hazardous materials training that exists in the DOT, the following is the guiding principal under which ConnDOT shall operate:

At no time shall employees conduct themselves in a manner that is inconsistent with any Federal, State or local laws. Nor shall they operate in a manner that is inconsistent with or

above their level of hazardous materials training. 2.0 Types of Materials Most of the materials that ConnDOT employees encounter can be handled safely if proper precautions are adhered to. Each incident must be evaluated individually as to the level of hazard before determining if ConnDOT employees can handle the situation. There are no hard

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and fast rules to go by and because of this, it is imperative that when we encounter situations involving hazardous materials that the first thing that comes to mind is the safety of all involved. If ConnDOT employees are unsure of exactly what they are facing then they are to wait for assistance to arrive rather than make a mistake that could cause serious injury to themselves or others. 3.0 Conditions ConnDOT Forces Can or Can not Handle Can Handle

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Small quantities of automotive fluids (5 gallon or less), except Gasoline where there are no other hazards present (ie. a vehicle leaking gasoline or other condition that will increase the level of hazard).

Small quantities of flammable liquids (1 gallon or less) through the use of MSDS information and where there are no other hazards present (ie. a vehicle leaking gasoline, confined environment, no ventilation etc...).

Small quantities of paints or other liquids normally maintained at CONNDOT facilities with the use of MSDS information and where there are no other hazards present.

Quantities of other materials once they have been determined to be non-hazardous through the use of specific MSDS or other related information.

Can not Handle

Large quantities (5 gallon or more) including gasoline or other automotive fluids or other identified substances without the specific direction and guidance of State or Local Emergency Services, Department of Environmental Protection, ConnDOT Environmental Compliance or Safety Division personnel.

Any quantity of a substance that has not been identified and for which there is no specific information available.

Quantities of other materials that have been determined to be hazardous through the use of specific MSDS or other related information and are above ConnDOT forces level of training.

BioHazards which may be discovered or encountered on the job for which proper equipment, tools and training are not available.

4.0 Definitions Discovery - A discovery incident is one in which an employee, during the normal course of their duties, either witnesses or comes across a release of a hazardous material. The hazardous

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material may be identified or may be a substance, which has not been identified, and the origin of such substance in unknown. Discovery incidents usually fall into one of three general categories: Highway & Roadside Discovery - An incident which occurs either on the State highway system or within the State highway right of way. Facility Discovery - An incident which occurs either within a ConnDOT building or occurs on the grounds or surrounding property of a ConnDOT building. Vehicle & Equipment - An incident involving ConnDOT vehicles or equipment or an incident involving a privately owned vehicle or piece of equipment parked, stored or on ConnDOT property at the time of discovery. Request for Assistance - A Request for Assistance incident is one in which ConnDOT forces are requested to assist in the mitigation and/or clean up of a hazardous materials incident. ConnDOT Highway Operations Center, State or Local Fire Service Officials, State Environmental Officials or State or Local Law Enforcement usually initiates such requests. It is extremely important to remember, no matter which type of incident CONNDOT forces are involved in, at no time are CONNDOT employees to operate above their level of training. 5.0 Response Guidelines 5.1 Highway & Roadside Discovery 5.1.1 Motor Vehicle Incidents If an employee comes across or witnesses a motor vehicle incident which involves a vehicle that is suspected to be carrying or has the potential to be carrying hazardous materials the following guidelines shall be followed: Employee Actions

1) If ConnDOT employees are in a non-radio equipped vehicle, their first priority shall be to secure the scene. At no time shall the scene be left unattended by ConnDOT personnel. Another ConnDOT employee or a passing motorist should notify of emergency services.

2) Notify the nearest ConnDOT radio station of the incident, giving the location, the

nature of the incident and the magnitude or potential of the release. For any incident that occurs after normal working hours, contact the Newington Operations Center (Control) at 860-594-3447.

3) Identify the material only if it may be accomplished without risk to yourself or

other workers through the use of your Awareness level training and other resources such as the DOT Emergency Response Guidebook. Identification information such as but not limited to, placards, chemical name, and the UN ID

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number shall be relayed to the radio station (see enclosure 3-5-1, Radio Station call list).

4) All ConnDOT employees shall move to a safe area determined by the appropriate

guide in the DOT Guidebook, secure the scene to the degree that the employee can do so safely and await qualified assistance.

5) When qualified assistance arrives, ConnDOT employees shall inform the Senior

Site Official of the level of responder training they have received and notify the radio station that assistance is on the scene.

6) ConnDOT employees shall then assist as directed; however, at no time shall they exceed their level of training.

Care must be taken not to over react; hazardous materials are only dangerous when they are out of their proper container or when the containers are damaged or threatened by

fire, etc.

Radio Station Operators Actions

1) Upon being notified of a motor vehicle incident involving hazardous materials where ConnDOT personnel are or may become involved, the Radio Operator shall notify the appropriate State or Local Police Department, Fire Department and the Department of Environmental Protection’s Oil and Chemical Spill Unit at 566-3338.

2) The Radio Operator shall notify the employee’s immediate supervisor, the

Director of Safety, District Safety Advisor, District Maintenance Directors District Maintenance Manager and Staff Maintenance.

3) The Radio Operator shall then notify the ConnDOT employee on the scene to

confirm that contact of the proper authorities has been accomplished.

4) The Radio Operator shall complete a Report of Hazardous Substance Discovery, Spill or Leak form (SAF-11 attached), and forward it to the appropriate offices immediately.

5.1.2 Discarded Containers or Materials If an employee discovers a container or substance, which is identified as, or suspected to be a hazardous material, the same procedures as above shall be adhered to. 5.1.3 Bio-Hazardous Materials Biohazards are to be handled slightly differently. If an employee discovers sharps, needles or materials which is identified as or suspected to be a bloodborne pathogen material the following guidelines shall be adhered to:

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Materials containing blood or other bodily fluids may be handled safely but only under the direct supervision of a qualified individual. Refer to the ConnDOT Bloodborne Pathogens

Program for additional information Employee Actions

1) Notify your immediate supervisor of the discovery as soon as possible. 2) Identify the material only if it may be accomplished without risk to yourself or

your co-workers including the approximate number of sharps, the type of container(s) and amount of suspected material.

3) If there is immediate danger to the public or co-workers, secure the area to the best of your ability and await assistance.

4) ConnDOT employees shall assist as directed; however, at no time shall they

exceed their level of training. Materials containing blood or other bodily fluids may be handled safely but only under the direct supervision of a qualified individual. Refer to the ConnDOT Bloodborne Pathogens

Program for more information 5.2 Facility Discovery 5.2.1 Release of Substance If an employee discovers or witnesses a release of a known hazardous substance or one that is suspected to be a hazardous substance at a ConnDOT facility, the following guidelines shall be adhered to: Employee Actions

1) Identify the material only if it may be accomplished without risk to yourself or your co-workers through the use of your Awareness level training, the facility’s Hazardous Communication Plan or other resources such as the DOT Emergency Response Guidebook.

2) Notify your supervisor of the incident, giving the location, the nature of the

incident and the magnitude of the release. For any incident that occurs after normal working hours, contact the Newington Operations Center (Control) at 860-594-3447.

3) If it is determined that the substance is one and/or in a quantity of such that may

be handled by our employees, while not exceeding their level of training then clean up procedures may be undertaken under the facility's Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan. If this is not the case then the following steps shall be adhered to:

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a) Notify local Emergency Services (911) giving the location, the nature of the incident and the magnitude or potential of the release.

b) Notify the nearest ConnDOT radio station of the incident, giving the

location, the nature of the incident and the magnitude or potential of the release. For any incident that occurs after normal working hours, contact the Newington Operations Center (Control) at 860-594-3447.

c) Identify the material only if it may be accomplished without risk to yourself or your co-workers through the use of your Awareness level training and other resources such as the DOT Emergency Response Guidebook.

d) All ConnDOT employees shall move to a safe area determined by the

appropriate guide in the DOT Guidebook, secure the scene to the degree that the employee may do so safely and await qualified assistance.

e) When qualified assistance arrives, the ConnDOT supervisor shall inform

the Senior Site Official of the level of responder training they have received.

f) ConnDOT employees shall assist as directed; however, at no time shall

they exceed their level of training. Radio Station Operators Actions

1) Upon being notified of a release involving hazardous materials at a ConnDOT facility the Radio Operator shall notify, the local fire service, the facility Supervisor (if not already accomplished), the Director of Safety, District Safety Advisor, District Maintenance Director, District Maintenance Manager and Staff Maintenance and Property & Facilities.

2) The Radio Operator shall then contact the ConnDOT employee at the

facility to confirm that contact of the proper authorities has been accomplished.

3) The Radio Operator shall complete a Report of Hazardous Substance Discovery, Spill or Leak form (SAF-11 attached), and forward it to the appropriate offices immediately.

Supervisor’s Actions

1) The health and safety of the employees shall be the Supervisor’s primary responsibility and concern. If the nature of the release is determined to be such that ConnDOT forces may safely handle it then the guidelines for clean up and disposal contained within the facility’s Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP), shall be adhered to.

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2) If the facility does not have in place a SWPPP then the following guidelines shall be adhered to:

a) Contain the release using the minimum amount of absorbent material possible. Special effort must be made to prevent contamination of the catch basin and ground water system.

b) Once the release is contained and absorbed, collect the material in a clean container such as a five (5) gallon bucket using non-sparking tools, and secure in a place exterior of the building.

c) Contact CONNDOT Environmental Compliance or Safety

Division for assistance in proper disposal and incident documentation.

5.3 Vehicle & Equipment Discovery 5.3.1 State Owned Vehicle or Equipment

If an employee discovers or witnesses a release of a known hazardous substance or one that is suspected to be a hazardous substance from a State owned vehicle or piece of equipment at a ConnDOT facility, the response guidelines shall be the same as for a Facility discovery.

5.3.2 Privately Owned Vehicle or Equipment Privately owned vehicles or equipment, including employee owned vehicles are handled slightly differently. When a privately owned vehicle or piece of equipment is involved, ConnDOT shall limit activities to protecting State interests only. The responsibility for mitigation and clean up of the hazard is solely the responsibility of the owner of the vehicle or equipment. The response guidelines shall be the same as for a Facility discovery. 6.0 Requests for Assistance ConnDOT forces are called upon to assist other Agencies in the mitigation and clean up of hazardous material incidents that occur on the State highway system. These incidents involve small or limited quantities of automotive fluids (other than gasoline) such as diesel fuel, motor oil, transmission fluid, brake fluid, hydraulic fluid, antifreeze etc. In general terms this section covers releases or leaks from the engine compartment or fuel tank of a motor vehicle and other related equipment.

Hazardous materials cargo and gasoline are not covered by this section, and ConnDOT employees are strictly prohibited from handling or cleaning up such substances except

under direct and specific orders of ConnDOT Management. Notification Process and Action Guidelines:

1) ConnDOT employees shall always be notified or called out through the ConnDOT Operations Center or other authorized notification process.

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2) ConnDOT employees dispatched shall report to the Incident Commander upon

arrival at the incident. 3) If the release is of such a nature that a representative from the Department of

Environmental Protection (DEP) has chosen not to be on site, then ConnDOT forces shall follow the directions issued by the DEP office and the ConnDOT supervisor on the scene.

4) For large spills the DEP shall be responsible for insuring, by monitoring, that no

toxic, fire or other hazard exists prior and during CONNDOT assistance.

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ENCLOSURE 4-2 COMMON MSDS TERMS COMMON MSDS TERMS ABSORPTION -An important route of exposure to chemicals which contact the skin or eyes and can pass through into the bloodstream. ACUTE EFFECT -An adverse effect with severe symptoms occurring very quickly, as a result of a single excessive exposure to a substance. For example, severe burns are in acute effect of excessive sulfuric acid exposure. ACUTE TOXICITY -The adverse effects induced by the toxic properties of a substance which result from a single excessive exposure to a substance. Death or impairment of function are examples of acute toxic effects. The acute toxicity of a substance is measured in animals and used as an indicator of relative toxicity. ANHYDROUS Means "without water" and refers to a chemical in a completely dry state with no water contamination, either as part of the chemical make-up of the compound or simply wetting the compound. Both solids such as metal salts, and liquids like ether can be supplied in the anhydrous state. Some anhydrous pure liquids are also referred to as "absolute," i.e., absolute ethanol. ASPHYXIANT -A vapors or gas which causes unconsciousness or death by suffocation. A simple asphyxiant is one that causes suffocation by displacing oxygen, some examples are carbon dioxide, nitrogen and helium. A chemical asphyxiant is one that causes suffocation by altering the body's ability to use oxygen. These may suffocate even in the presence of sufficient oxygen, examples are carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide. AUTO IGNITION TEMPERATURE -The temperature at which a substance will ignite without being exposed to an ignition source such as a spark or flame. BOILING POINT -The temperature at which a substance changes from the liquid phase to the vapor phase. Boiling points given for a substance are measured for the pure substance at one atmosphere pressure (sea level). A change in pressure or addition of other chemicals or contaminants will alter the normal boiling point of a substance. "C" or CEILING -This amount represents the absolute maximum concentration or amount of a substance an individual can be exposed to and must never be exceeded, even for very short periods of time. CARCINOGEN- A substance which is suspected of or known to induce cancer in man or

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animals. CAS -CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE -The CAS registry number of a substance often appears on the Material Safety Data Sheet in the section on chemical identity. It enables the user to get more information on use, effects, and characteristics of the substance. CAUSTIC - Usually a strongly basic substance like lye or other alkalis, many have names ending in "hydroxide." Caustics are highly reactive and corrosive substances, capable of causing chemical burns on contact if concentrated enough. cc -CUBIC CENTIMETER -A liquid volume measurement, also used interchangeably with milliliter (ml). One quart contains 946 ccs or mls, one liter contains 1000 ccs or mls. CHRONIC EFFECT -An adverse effect which develops slowly with low level prolonged or repeated exposure over long periods of time. CHRONIC TOXICITY -The adverse effects due to the toxic properties of a substance resulting from prolonged or repeated exposure. The chronic toxicity of a substance is measured in animals and used as an indicator of relative toxicity. CNS DEPRESSANT or CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DEPRESSANT - Any substance which impairs or slows function of the brain. High concentrations of solvent vapors can cause narcosis ("drunken" altered behavior), respiratory (breathing) depression, unconsciousness or death by depressing CNS function. COMBUSTIBLE - Describes materials, which will burn if, exposed to a flame in the presence of sufficient oxygen. CONCENTRATION - The quantity of a substance in a given volume. For example, the concentration of solvent vapor to one million parts of air or ppm, the concentration of a substance in a solution may be given as grams per liter or g/l, the concentration of dusts or fumes in air may be given as miligrams per cubic meter or mg/m3, etc.

CORROSIVE -Describes highly reactive materials which cause severe chemical burns and permanent damage. Strong acids and bases (also referred to as caustics or alkalis) are usually highly corrosive and will damage many metals and react with other substances, frequently producing toxic or flammable gases in the process. DECOMPOSITION - The chemical breakdown of compounds into their component parts or transformation into other reaction products. Usually associated with exposure to heat or radiation, or with chemical reactions, or simply passage of time. DERMAL - Refers to contact with or application to the skin. DERMAL TOXICITY -The adverse effects which result from exposing the skin to a substance. Usually associated with lab animal tests.

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DERMATITIS - Inflammation of the skin, usually due to exposure to a solvent or an irritant, but can result from an allergic reaction to a sensitizer. DOT LABEL - U.S. Department of Transportation label that describes the type of hazard a chemical may pose. EDEMA - A medical term describing the retention of large quantities of fluids. For example, pulmonary edema is the accumulation of fluid in the lungs which occurs after inhalation of corrosives or other damaging dusts or vapors, and can be a life-threatening condition. EMETIC - Emetics are preparations used to induce vomiting (emesis) in the emergency first aid treatment for accidental swallowing of a toxic substance. Common substances like luke warm salt water serve as emetics, or pharmaceutical preparations like syrup of ipecac. If professional medical help is not available immediately, always read the MSDS before trying to induce vomiting to determine the most effective and compatible method to use. Under no circumstances should vomiting be induced if not indicated on the MSDS. Many substances, like petroleum spirits, cause serious damage to the lungs when inhaled during vomiting, as do their vapors. EVAPORATION RATES -The rate at which a quantity of liquid is diminished by evaporation, usually a ratio of the substance evaporation rate and the evaporation rate of a known substance like water or butyl acetate. The faster a substance evaporates, the faster it can concentrate in air to form a potentially explosive or toxic atmosphere. FLAMMABLE - Any liquid that has a flash point of 100 Degree F. or below. FLASH BACK -Occurs when sufficient flammable vapors are present in a path from an ignition source and the container which held the flammable substance. Once ignited, the fire will follow the trail of vapors into the container and ignite its contents, often with explosive force. FLASH POINT -The temperature at which a liquid will generate sufficient vapors to ignite when exposed to an ignition source. Generally, a substance with a lower flash point represents a greater fire and explosion hazard. FUME - Particle contaminant in air, more finely divided than dust. Protection specific for fume must be worn when exposure is likely. Metals can form a fine fume. GENERAL EXHAUST -A term used to define a system for exhausting or ventilating air from an entire work area. Not as site specific as localized exhaust. g -GRAM -A unit of weight. One ounce equals about 28.4 grams. HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL -Any chemical which is either a physical or health hazard or both. HYDROCARBON - Hydrocarbons are a large family of organic compounds composed only of carbon and hydrogen, and include such substances as mineral oil, methane, pentane and other petroleum components. They burn readily, creating fire and explosion hazards. Their most common uses are as fuels and solvents. Halogenated hydrocarbons have additional chlorine,

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fluorine, bromine or iodine (the halogens). Some examples are chloroform, Teflon, and trichloroethylene. HYGROSCOPIC - These are substances which strongly draw water from the air. Exposing hygroscopic chemicals to the air for unnecessary amounts of time may significantly alter their chemical properties and create a potential hazard. IGNITABLE - A term used to define any liquid, gas or solid which has the ability to be 'ignited' which means having a flash point of 140-Degree F., or less. INCOMPATIBLE - Materials that could cause undesirable or dangerous reactions from direct contact with one another. INGESTION -Taking a substance by mouth. INHALATION -The breathing in of a substance in the form of a gas, liquid, vapor, dust, mist, or fume. INHIBITOR - A chemical added to another substance to prevent an unwanted change or reaction from occurring. For example, inhibitors are often added to ether to prevent the formation of potentially explosive peroxides. IRRITANT - A substance which causes a reversible inflammation to the site of exposure. Irritants are not as destructive as corrosives that can cause irreversible tissue damage or burns. Irritants can affect the eyes, skin, nose, mouth, respiratory system, etc. depending on the route of exposure. LC -LETHAL CONCENTRATION -The concentration of a tested substance found to be lethal to laboratory animals. This figure is used as a guide to the relative toxicities of chemicals. Substances with lower LC'c is more highly toxic and represents a greater potential hazard. LC 50 - LETHAL CONCENTRATION 50 - In laboratory animal tests, this is the concentration of a substance required to kill 50 percent of the group of animals tested. LD LETHAL DOSE -The quantity or dose of a tested substance required to kill a laboratory animal when administered once. This figure is used as a guide to the relative toxicities of chemicals. Substances with smaller LD values are more toxic and represent a greater hazard. LD 50 - LETHAL DOSE 50 -The quantity or dose of a substance required to kill 50 percent of the lab animals tested when administered once. L.E.L. - LOWER EXPLOSIVE LIMIT -The lowest concentration, or percentage in air, of a vapor or gas, that will produce a flash fire when an ignition source is introduced. L.F.L. - LOWER FLAMMABLE LIMIT - Similar to L.E.L., it is the lowest concentrations of a vapor or gas in air which will ignite and burn when exposed to an ignition source. LOCAL EXHAUST -The system for ventilating or exhausting air from a specific area such as a

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hood over a welding station or a vent over a solvent storage cabinet. More focused than general exhaust, which ventilates an entire work area. MELTING POINT -The temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid. Mg - MILLIGRAM - A unit of weight. There are 1000 mg in one gram of a substance. Mg/m3 - MILLIGRAMS PER CUBIC METER -A unit of measurement usually associated with concentrations of dusts, gases, or mists in air. mppcf MILLION PARTICLES PER CUBIC FOOT -A unit of measure usually used to describe particles of a substance suspended in air. MUTAGEN -A hazardous substance which is able to alter the genetic material in a living cell, and produce damage which is inheritable. It is believed that the mutagenic activity of a substance may indicate its ability to induce cancer. The majority of known or suspected carcinogens are also mutagenic in laboratory tests. NFPA - National Fire Protection Association -An organization which promotes fire protection/prevention, and establishes safeguards against loss of property and/or life by fire. The NFPA has established a series of codes identifying hazardous materials by symbol and number for fire fighting purposes. These codes also classify materials in their order of flammability, with 0 being non-combustible up to 4 indicating that the substance is pyrogenic, i.e., it will burn spontaneously at room temperature. OLFACTORY - Relating to the sense of smell. ORAL - Used in or taken through the mouth. ORAL TOXICITY - A term used to define the degree to which a substance will cause adverse health effects when taken by mouth. Normally associated with lab animal tests. OXIDIZER or OXIDIZING AGENT - A substance which yields oxygen readily or acts in a manner chemically equivalent to oxygen to support the oxidation or combustion of another material. PEL PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMIT -An exposure concentration established by the Occupational Safety & Health Community that indicates the maximum concentration for which no adverse effects will follow. pH - The pH scale is used to indicate how acidic or basic a substance is. It ranges from 1 (the most acid) to 14 (the most basic), with 7 being neutral. Substances with pH values at either end of the scale are likely to be potentially dangerous corrosives like muriatic and sulfuric acids (ph 1) or concentrated sodium hydroxide and other caustics (ph 14). Pure water is neutral at pH 7. PHOTOSENSITIZER - Exposure to some substances may make an individual abnormally sensitive to light, or photosensitive. For example, exposure to tetracyclines and certain aromatic oils can make individuals sunburn very easily.

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POLYMERIZATION -This is a type of chemical reaction, in which the substance involved form chemical bonds with itself, sustaining its own reaction. Heat, light, or the addition of other chemicals or contaminants can initiate polymerization. Sometimes polymerization reactions are accompanied by the release of toxic by-products. An example of this type of substance is urethane. ppm -PARTS PER MILLION -A unit of measurement for the concentration of a gas or vapor in air. Usually expressed as numbers of parts per million parts ofair. ppb PARTS PER BILLION -As above, only expressed as number of parts per billion parts of air, water, etc. PYROGEN -This term refers to any substance that can ignite spontaneously, without spark or flame. Oily or solvent-soaked rags can be pyrogenic. REACTIVITY - The term which describes the tendency of a substance to undergo a chemical change. Sometimes these chemical changes or reactions are accompanied by the release of energy, often as heat. REDUCING AGENT -In an oxidation reaction, this is the material that reacts with oxygen or an equivalent oxidizer. This is the fuel of the fuel, oxygen, and ignition source triangle that describes the components necessary for combustion. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM -The breathing system, including the lungs, and air passages. SENSITIZER - A substance that on first exposure causes little or no reaction, however, with repeated exposure will induce a marked response not necessarily limited to the exposure site. Usually associated with skin sensitization. See photosensitizer. SPECIFIC GRAVITY - Also referred to as density, this is the ratio of the weight of a specific substance, to the weight of an equal volume of water. A material with a specific gravity of greater than 1.0 will sink below the surface of a container of water, whereas a material with a specific gravity of less than 1.0 will float on top of water. Oil and gasoline, for example, have a specific gravity less than 1.0 and float on the surface of water. STEL - SHORT TERM EXPOSURE LIMIT - The maximum allowable concentration of a substance that one can be exposed to for less than 15 minutes without adverse health effects. TERATOGEN -Any substance suspected of or known to cause birth defects. The teratogenic potential, or tendency of a substance to cause damage to the fetus, is determined by laboratory animal tests. TLV -THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE -A term used by the Occupational Safety & Health Community to describe the airborne concentration of a material to which nearly all persons can be exposed to day in and day out, and not develop adverse health effects.

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TOXICITY -The sum of adverse effects following exposure to materials, generally by mouth, skin, or respiratory tract. TWA - TIME WEIGHTED AVERAGE -The airborne concentration of a material to which a person can be exposed over an 8-hour workday. (An average) UEL UPPER EXPLOSIVE LIMIT -The highest concentration of a gas, dust or vapor in air that will sustain or support combustion, when an ignition source is present. VAPOR DENSITY -A term used to define the weight of a vapor or gas as compared to the weight of an equal volume of air. Materials heavier than air have a vapor density greater than 1.0 and will accumulate in low areas like pits and trenches. Some examples are carbon monoxide, chloroform and most petroleum solvent vapors. Materials lighter than airs have a vapor density of less than 1.0, and are likely to collect around ceilings and high points. Heated gases and exhausts, and acetylene are examples. VAPOR PRESSURE -A number used to describe the pressure that a saturated vapor will exert on top of it's liquid in a closed container. Usually, the higher the vapor pressure, the greater the tendency to vaporize and therefore the more dangerous the material can be, if flammable. Enclosure 1-2-1 Hazardous Chemical Survey Form

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Enclosure 1-2-2 Hazardous Chemical Worksheet Form

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Enclosure 1-4-1 Examples of MSDS Sheets

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Enclosure 1-5-1 Training Roster Form

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Enclosure 3-1-1 Spill, Leak and Discovery Form (SAF-11)

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Bureau of Engineering & Highway Operations Radio Stations

Radio Call Sign Radio Station Location Control Newington Operations Center Bridgeport Operations Bridgeport Operations Center Station 10 Rocky Hill Station 11 Vernon Maintenance Garage Station 11A East Windsor Maintenance Garage Station 13 Wethersfield Maintenance Garage Station 15 Meriden Maintenance Garage Station 20 District 2 Office Norwich Station 21A Putnam Maintenance Garage Station 23 Old Saybrook Maintenance Garage Station 25 Colchester Maintenance Garage Station 30 District 3 Office New Haven Station 31 Wallingford Maintenance Garage Station 33 New Canaan Maintenance Garage Station 35 Milford Maintenance Garage Station 40 District 4 Office Thomaston Station 41 Winsted Maintenance Garage Station 41A East Granby Maintenance Garage Station 43 Beacon Falls Maintenance Garage Station 45 Litchfield Maintenance Garage

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