Conjunctiv 1 Oct 2005
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TESUTUL CONJUNCTIVDIAGNOSTIC HISTOLOGIC
Celulele si fibrele tesutului conjunctiv
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Uneste, compartimenteaza, sustine, asigura protectia mecanica si apararea imuna.
CeluleMatrice extracelulara
Fibre Substanta fundamentala
Tesutul conjunctiv
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TIPURI DE TESUT CONJUNCTIVCRITERIU: PROPORTIA CELOR TREI
ELEMENTE
1. Cele trei elemente in proportie aproximativ egala - tesutul conjunctiv lax
2. Predomina fibrele – tesut conjunctiv dens
3. Predomina substanta fundamentala – tesut conjunctiv mucos
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DIAGNOSTIC HISTOLOGIC GENERAL
Celulele sunt distantate pentru ca matricea extracelulara e in cantitate relativ mai mare fata de celelalte tesuturi
Prezinta fibre de colagen si elastice
Bogat vascularizat
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TESUTUL CONJUNCTIV LAX LOCALIZARE
Lamina propria (corion) a epiteliilor – in componenta mucoaselor
Submucoase Adventitia Seroase: pleura, pericard, peritoneu
(acoperite de mezoteliu) Stroma conjunctiva a organelor
parenchimatoase
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Celule fixe (propriu-zise)fibroblastefibrociteadipocite
Celule mobile (migrate din sange) granulocite limfocite, plasmocite macrofage mastocite
Celulele tesutului conjunctiv lax- clasificare
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Fibre de reticulina = colagen III
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Celule implicate în producerea / degradarea matricei conjunctive
fibroblaste
Celule depozitare de lipide adipocite albe (uniloculare)
Celule ale sistemului imun macrofage granulocite limfocite plasmocite mastocite
Celulele tesutului conjunctiv lax- clasificare functionala
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Celula cea mai comuna a tesutului conjunctiv
Sintetizeaza si degradeaza componentele matricei extracelulare
Celule alungita, 20 m, cu prelungiri ramificate,
Citoplasma bazofila, omogena Nucleu central, oval, eucromatic, cu 1
sau 2 nucleoli
Fibroblastul
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Celula putin activa metabolic : mai mica (15µm), fuziforma, cu mai putine prelungiri citoplasmatice
Citoplasma putina, acidofila Nucleul este alungit si heterocromatic
Fibrocitul
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Forma rotunda / ovala – izolat sau forma poligonala - în grupuri 100µm
O singura incluziune lipidica (unilocular) Citoplasma acidofila - o lama fina
împinsa la periferie Nucleu excentric, turtit, heterocromatic Aspect general – ‘ inel cu pecete’
Adipocitul alb
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Sudan III, ob.40x
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Derivat din monocitele circulante Apartine sistemului fagocitar mononuclear Celule ovale -30 m, Citoplasma acidofila, neomogena
granulatii fine - lizozomi granulatii mai mari si neuniforme - fagozomi
Nucleu oval sau reniform, excentric, eucromatic ± nucleoli vizibili
Macrofagul (histiocitul)
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H-E – Albastru de tripan, ob.100x
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Localizat de obicei de-a lungul vaselor sangvine
Celula ovoida, 20-30 m Citoplasma acidofila, contine
numeroase granulatii bazofile, metacromatice - acopera frecvent nucleul
Nucleu rotund, central, eucromatic
Mastocitul
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Albastru de toluidina
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Are originea în limfocitul B Celula rotund-ovala, 30µm Citoplasma bazofila, cu halou clar
perinuclear; poate contine corpii Russel acidofili
Nucleu excentric, nucleol vizibil si hetero- si eucromatina sugerand ‘spita de roata’ sau ‘cadran de ceas’
Plasmocitul
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Albastru de toluidina
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Fibre de colagen
Fibre de reticulina
Fibre elastice
Fibrele tesutului conjunctiv
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Principalul tip de fibre din tesutul conjunctiv, foarte rezistente la tensiune
Dispuse în fascicule, manunchiuri; Groase (pana la 20 m), ondulate,
dispuse în toate directiile. Nu se ramifica, nu se anastomozeaza Roz in col. HE, albastre in col. Mallory,
Azan, rosii in col. Van Gieson
Fibrele de colagen
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Nu formeaza fascicule Alcatuite din elastina Sunt subtiri (0,1 – 5 m) si ramificate cu traiect
ondulat; pot forma retele; dispuse uneori sub forma de
lamele (peretele aortei) Se pot observa în coloratia hemalaun-eozina
(translucide spre roz palid) Coloratie speciala: orceina – brun-roscate
Fibrele elastice
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Sunt cele mai subtiri (0,5 – 2 m), scurte, ramificate - formeaza retele
In stroma organelor limfoide si hematopoietice, ficat, glande endocrine
Nu se observa în coloratia H-E, Coloratie speciala: impregnare
argentica – negre
Fibrele de reticulina
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FIBRE DE RETICULINAIMPREGNARE ARGENTICA
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SUBSTANTA FUNDAMENTALA
Masa amorfa, cu aspect omogen in microscopie optica
Proprietati de gel semifluid Printre celulele si fibrele tesutului conjunctiv Alcatuita din apa, glicozaminoglicani, glicoproteine
si proteoglicani Palid colorata in coloratia H-E Se poate pune in evidenta prin metoda PAS
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Fibre elasticeFibre elastice
Bula de edem, coloratie H&E, ob.40x.
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Albastru de toluidina