Congenital Urogenital Malformations
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Transcript of Congenital Urogenital Malformations
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Congenital Urogenital
MalformationsPrefinal
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Renal agenesis Renal hypoplasia Renal fusion Ectopic kidney Ureteral atresia Duplication of the
ureter
Supernumerary kidneys
Topics
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Virtually always unilateral. Kidney is either absent or
undeveloped. Usually causes no symptoms and
found incidentally.
Renal agenesis
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Renal Agenesis
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May appear as one small kidney
with the other one larger than normal.
Small kidneys also have small arteries and are associated with hypertension requiring nephrectomy.
Renal hypoplasia
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Renal hypoplasia
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Prevalence 1 in 1,000 people. Most frequent abnormality seen is
a horseshoe kidney containing 2 excretory systems and 2 ureters.
Usually asymptomatic but are prone to obstruction.
Renal fusion (horseshoe kidney)
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Renal fusion (horseshoe kidney)
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In simple ectopy, the kidney does
not ascend properly and is found in the pelvis or over the brim.
Prone to obstruction and infection. Less commonly crossed ectopy
without fusion. The kidney then lies on the opposite side and is not attached to the normally placed kidney.
Ectopic (Pelvis Kidney)
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Ectopic Kidney (Pelvis Kidney)
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The ureter may be absent or fails to
extend to the bladder and therefore with a blind ending.
It is associated with ipsilateral absent or multicystic kidney.
Bilateral atresia is incompatible with life. Unilateral atresia is usually asymptomatic but may cause hypertension.
Ureteral atresia
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Ureteral atresia
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One of the most common congenital
malformations of the urinary tract with duplication found in 0.9% of a series of autopsies.
More common in females and is often bilateral.
Often asymptomatic but commonly presents with persistent or recurrent urinary tract infections.
Duplication of the ureter
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Duplication of the
ureter
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Third kidney is very rare and not to
be confused with the relatively common unilateral duplication of the renal pelvis.
Supernumerary kidneys
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Supernumerary kidneys