Conflicts Rules on Personal Property

8/18/2019 Conflicts Rules on Personal Property

1/28

CONFLICTS RULES ON

PERSONAL PROPERTY

Marian Kris B. Santos


2/28

OLD RULE

• Real Property is o!erne" #y le$ sit%s

• Personal Property& #y t'e nationalla( o) t'e o(ner& in a**or"an*e (it't'e prin*iple o) +o#ilia se,%%nt%rpersona+ - +o!a#le property )ollo(st'e la( o) t'e o(ner.


3/28

NE/ RULE

• D%e to pra*ti*al "i0*%ltiesen*o%ntere" #e*a%se o) t'e*'ara*teri1ation into real or personal

property& Ci!il Co"e "e*ree" t'at le$rei sitae s'all #e appli*a#le to #ot'.

• Article 16. Real property as (ell as

personal property is s%#3e*t to t'ela( o) t'e *o%ntry ('ere it issit%ate".


4/28

MOBILIA SE4UUNTUR PERSONAM5

RATIONALE

• No 6$e" sit%s& arti6*ial one nee" to#e *reate"

• Si+pli*ity

• Sta#le -re+ains "espite t'e *'anein lo*ation


5/28

CRITICISMS

• /OLFF5 r%le res%lts to insta#ility ort'e personal la( o) t'e o(ner +ayalso *'ane7

• SC8MITT8OFF5 re,%ires %seless an"irrele!ant in,%iry to t'e trans)eror9spersonal la(7

• C8ESC8IRE5 t'e r%le res%lts inin3%sti*e7 an"

• BEALE5 r%le" to #e a re)%e )or a

3%"e in a '%rry


6/28

/8Y LE: REI SITAE;

• In*rease in a+o%nt o) personalproperty not i++e"iately *onne*te"to person o) t'e o(ner

• Easily as*ertaina#le& *on!enient an")air to i++e"iate parties an" t'ir"persons intereste" o) 'a!in t'eir

ri'ts t'erein en)or*e".


7/28

SCOPE OF T8EORY FOR PERSONAL

PROPERTY

• All relations an" sit%ations& ri'tsarisin )ro+ personal property


8/28

KINDS OF PERSONALPROPERTY

• Tani#le an" Intani#le

• Tani#le are re)erre" to as *'oses inpossession

• Intani#le re)erre" to as *'oses ina*tion -s'ares o) sto*


9/28

C8OSE

• T'e ter+ =*'ose> is a t'in& anarti*le o) personal property& eit'er ina*tion or in possession.


10/28

C8OSE IN ACTION

• Is a t'in in a*tion an" is t'e ri't o)#rinin an a*tion or ri't to re*o!era "e#t or +oney.

• E..

• Ri't o) pro*ee"in in a *o%rt o) la(to pro*%re pay+ent o) a s%+ o)+oney& ri't to re*o!er personal*'attel et*.

• A ri't not re"%*e" into possession

#%t re*o!era#le in a s%it at la(


11/28

• A ri't to personal t'ins o) ('i*'t'e o(ner 'as not t'e possession&#%t +erely a ri't o) a*tion

• A ri't to re*ei!e or re*o!er a "e#t&"e+an" or "a+aes on a *a%se o)a*tion e$?*ontra*t% or )or a tort or

o+ission o) a "%ty.


12/28

C8OSE IN POSSESSION

• Is a personal t'in o) ('i*' one 'aspossession& as "istin%is'e" )ro+ at'in in a*tion.

E.. Ta$es an" *%sto+s5

IF pai"& *'ose in possession

IF %npai"& *'ose in a*tion


13/28

C8OSES IN POSSESSION T8AT

USUALLY MO@E

• Us%ally +eans o) transportation or oo"s intransit%

• Nat%rally 'a!e *'anin sit%s

•@ESSELS5 LA/ OF T8E FLA or LA/ OF T8EPLACE OF REISTRY or FOREIN PORT /8ERE

TEMPORARILY DOCKED

• La( o) t'e Fla or reistry5 "ee+e" *ontrollin

in *ase )or instan*e o) t'e sale or +ortae o)t'e !essel i) at t'e ti+e o) t'e transa*tion& t'e!essel (as on t'e 8I8 SEAS


14/28

• I) 'o(e!er& "o*


15/28

• I) in *o%rse o) !oyae& "estination is*'ane"? ne( "estination (ill apply

• I) ne!er s'ippe" or ne!er intransit%a*t%al sit%s


16/28

BAR 4UESTION

• I) in a *ontra*t& *ertain li+itations o) lia#ilityas to t'e nelien*e on t'e part o) t'e *arrierare aree" %pon& *an t'e *arrier in!o


17/28

• Ans. Yes& t'e *arrier *an in!o


18/28

• T'e !ali"ity an" eGe*t o) t'e sei1%res o) oo"sin transit% are o!erne" #y t'e la( o) t'e pla*e('ere t'ey (ere sei1e". -lo*%s reit a*t%+ Itis *onsi"ere" as t'eir te+porary sit%s

• T'e "isposition or alienation o) oo"s intransit% is o!erne" #y t'e la( o) t'e pla*e!ol%ntarily aree" %pon -le$ lo*i !ol%ntatis ort'e la( o) t'e pla*e inten"e" -le$ lo*iintentionis.

• Reason "isposition is eGe*te" t'ro%'*ontra*t%al o#liation


19/28

INTANIBLE PERSONAL PROPERTY-C8OSES IN ACTION

• For t'e re*o!ery o) "e#ts or )or t'ein!ol%ntary assin+ent o) t'e "e#ts-arnis'+ent t'e proper point o)

*onta*t is t'e pla*e ('ere t'e "e#tor+ay #e eGe*ti!ely ser!e" (it's%++ons -%s%ally #%t not al(ays

t'is is t'e "o+i*ile o) t'e o) t'e"e#tor


20/28

• E$a+ples5 A er+an "o+i*ile" an")o%n" in Cali)ornia o(es a Filipino inManila a *ertain a+o%nt o) +oney.

/'ere s'o%l" t'e Filipino s%e )or t'ere*o!ery o) t'e "e#t;


21/28

• Ans. enerally& s%it +%st #einstit%te" in Cali)ornia #e*a%se t'e"e#tor is "o+i*ile" an" )o%n" t'ere7

'o(e!er s'o%l" 'e #e in Hapan& )orinstan*e& litiation +ay #e*o++en*e in t'e latter *o%ntry. T'is

is a *on!enient an" pra*ti*alsol%tion.


22/28

• T'e !ali"ity an" eGe*ti!eness o) a!ol%ntary assin+ent o) a "e#t"epen"s on t'e le$ lo*i !ol%ntatis or

t'e le$ lo*i intentionis& or in ot'er(or"s& t'e proper la( o) t'e *ontra*t(ill o!ern.


23/28

• E$. A Filipino is t'e *re"itor o) a er+an"o+i*ile" in Manila. T'e *re"it is t'e res%lt o)a #%siness transa*tion entere" into in Manila7pay+ent is stip%late" to #e +a"e also inManila. I) t'e Filipino& ('ile !a*ationin in

Hapan assins 'is *re"it in )a!or o) a R%ssian&also "o+i*ile" in Manila& t'e proper la( t'ats'o%l" *ontrol t'e !ali"ity an" eGe*ti!eness o)t'e assin+ent s'o%l" #e P'ilippine la(& )or itis e!i"ent t'at it is t'e la( t'at t'e partiesinten"e" to #e appli*a#le.


24/28

• T'e sit%s o) a "e#t )or p%rposes o) ta$ation ist'e "o+i*ile o) t'e *re"itor& an" a**or"inly&t'e *olle*ti#le *re"it +ay #e ta$e" t'erein.

•

For t'e p%rpose o) a"+inisterin "e#ts& t'esit%s in t'e pla*e ('ere t'e assets o) t'e"e#tor are a*t%ally sit%ate". An assinee int'e insol!en*y& )or e$a+ple& is re,%ire" to

ta


25/28

• T'e neotia#ility or t'e non?neotia#ility o) an instr%+ent is"eter+ine" #y t'e ri't e+#o"ie" in

t'e instr%+ent. T'%s in *ase o) aS(e"is' Bill o) E$*'ane& t'eS(e"is' la( (ill "eter+ine ('et'er

or not it is neotia#le. A P'ilippine*'e*< is o!erne" #y t'e P'ilippineneotia#le instr%+ents la(.


26/28

• T'e !ali"ity o) t'e trans)er& "eli!ery&or neotiation o) t'e instr%+ent is& ineneral& o!erne" #y t'e la( o) t'e

sit%s o) t'e instr%+ent& at t'e ti+e o)trans)er& "eli!ery or neotiation.


27/28

• T'e eGe*t on a *orporation o) t'e sale o)*orporate s'ares is o!erne" #y t'e la( o)t'e pla*e o) in*orporation.

•

T'e eGe*t #et(een parties o) t'e sale o)*orporate s'ares is o!erne" #y le$ lo*i!ol%ntatis or le$ lo*i intentionis? #e*a%set'e sale or trans)er is really a *ontra*t

• Ta$ation on t'e "i!i"en"s o) *orporates'ares is o!erne" #y t'e la( o) t'e pla*eo) in*orporation.


28/28

• Fran*'ises are s%#3e*t o) t'e la( o) t'epla*e t'at rante" t'e+.

• T'e oo"(ill o) a #%siness as (ell as

ta$ation t'ereon is o!erne" #y t'e la( o)t'e pla*e ('ere t'e #%siness is *arrie" on.

• Patents& *opyri'ts& tra"e+ar

Conflicts Rules on Personal Property

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