CONFINED SPACE ENTRY SUPERVISOR COURSE

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CONFINED SPACE ENTRY SUPERVISOR COURSE

Confined Space defined Confined Space Program Goal Fatality Statistics Confined Space Entry Identifying, evaluating and classifying CS Permit System Entry Permit

CONFINED SPACE ENTRY SUPERVISOR COURSE CONT:

Master Entry Permit Training Requirements Duties and Responsibilities Emergency Rescue Support Equipment General Information Course Review

A Confined Space: – Is large enough and so configured that an employee can

bodily enter and perform work

– Has limited or restricted means for entry or exit (for example, tanks, vessels, silos, storage bins, hoppers, vaults, and pits are spaces that may have limited means of entry)

– Is not designed for continuous occupancy

Confined Space DefinedConfined Space Defined(AFOSH STD 91-25)(AFOSH STD 91-25)

–Simply Stated, our goal is to not experience a single injury or death

Confined Space Program GoalConfined Space Program Goal

Goverment23%

Private53%

Self-Employeed24%

Fatalities/ Employment CategoryInvestigations by NIOSH 1983-1993

Fatality Statistics by EmploymentFatality Statistics by Employment

41%

19%

34%

6%

No Training

On-The-J ob SafetyTraining

Specific Training

Classroom ConfinedSpace Training

Fatalities

Type of Training Received by Victim

Investigations by NIOSH 1983-1993

Fatality Statistics by TrainingFatality Statistics by Training

22%

22%2%2%3%

19%

5%

19% 6% No Training

Tank

Pipeline/Tunnel

Tanker Truck

Utility Vault

Vat/Pit Digester

Silo/Bin

Sewer/Manhole

Well

Fatalities/ Type of Entry by Victim

Investigations by NIOSH 1983-1993

Fatality Statistics by Type of EntryFatality Statistics by Type of Entry

5%

10%

39%

36%

4% 5%1%Construction

Inspection

Repair/maint

Rescue

Retrieve Object

Dislodge Material

Uknown

Fatalities/ Reason for Entry by Victim Investigations by NIOSH 1983-1993

Fatality Statistics by Reason for EntryFatality Statistics by Reason for Entry

Identifying, Evaluating and Identifying, Evaluating and Classifying Confined Classifying Confined

SpaceSpace

a. The Functional Manager or Commander, in coordination with personnel on the CSPT, will; Identify, Evaluate, Classify each Confined

Space

1. Identify; Locate your Confined

Spaces and ensure you are responsible for that facility.

2. Evaluate; Your Confined Spaces and fill out a survey form for each Confined Space.

3. Classify; Confined Spaces are classified on the

basis of measurements of;

a. Space Characteristics

(potential physical hazards)

b. Oxygen content

c. Flammability

d. Toxicity

* Bio-Environmental, Fire Department and Wing Safety will be present during classification

If the workplace contains permit spaces:– All personnel are informed of the existence, location,

and the danger

– Note: A sign reading DANGER -- PERMIT-REQUIRED CONFINED SPACE, DO NOT ENTER or some similar language would satisfy the requirement

If the employees will not enter permit spaces:– Preventative measure will be taken to prevent entry into

permit spaces

If the employee will enter permit spaces the employer will:– Implement a written permit program

Before removing cover:– Eliminate any condition making it unsafe to remove an

entrance cover

The opening shall be promptly guarded by:– Railing

– Temporary cover

– Temporary barrier

Before entry into the space:– Internal atmosphere shall be tested

• Using calibrated direct-reading instrument• By a qualified person for the following conditions in the order

given– Oxygen content

– Flammable content

– Potential toxic air contaminant

There shall be no hazardous atmosphere within the space whenever any employee is inside the space

Confined Space EntryConfined Space Entry

Ventilation Ventilation

Continuous forced air ventilation shall be used as follows:– An employee may not enter the space until the forced air

ventilation has eliminated any hazardous atmosphere

– The forced air ventilation shall be directed as to ventilate the immediate area where an employee is or will be present and shall continue until all employees have left the space

– The air supply for the forced air ventilation shall be from a clean source and may not increase the hazards in the space

The atmosphere within the space shall be periodically tested

If a hazardous atmosphere is detected during entry:– Each employee shall leave the space immediately– The space shall be evaluated to determine how the

hazardous atmosphere developed– Implement procedures to protect employees from any

hazards before any subsequent entries takes place

– Verify the space is safe for entry through a written certification that contains:

– Date

– Location of space

– Signature of person providing the certification

The certification shall be made before entry and made available to each employee entering the space

When there are changes in the use or configuration on a non-permit confined space the space will be reevaluate and reclassified as necessary

A space classified as a permit required confined space may be reclassified as a non-permit confined space under the following conditions: – If the permit space poses no actual or potential atmospheric

hazards – If all hazards within the space are eliminated without entry into

the space

– If testing and inspection during entry demonstrate that the hazards have been eliminated

• Note: Control of atmospheric hazards through forced air ventilation does not constitute elimination of the hazard

– The employer shall document the basis for determining that all hazards have been eliminated through a certification that contains a date, location of space and signature of person making the determination

If hazards arise within a permit space each employee in the space will exit

PERMIT SYSTEMPERMIT SYSTEM

The employer, through the permit system shall:– Complete and document all steps necessary for entry

– Require initials or signature of persons completing the steps

– Post permit at entry and make the permit available to all authorized entrants

– Ensure permit is signed by supervisor

– Duration of permit may not exceed time required to complete assigned task

– Permit must be canceled if a prohibited condition arises, or work has been completed

– The employer shall retain each canceled entry permit for 1 year. Any problems encountered during an entry operation shall be noted on the pertinent permit, so that appropriate revisions to the program can be made

ENTRY PERMITENTRY PERMIT

Permit required when space• Contains or has a potential to contain a hazardous

atmosphere

• Contains a material that can engulf an entrant

• Internal configuration of the space that an entrant could be trapped or asphyxiated

• Contains any other recognized serious safety or health hazards

ENTRY PERMITAF FM 1024

Identifies:– Space to be entered– Purpose of entry– Date and authorized duration of the entry permit– Authorized entrants within the permit space by name– Entry supervisor, by name with a space for the signature– Hazards of the permit space– Measures used to isolate the permit space and to

eliminate or control permit space hazards before entry

– Acceptable entry conditions

– Test results with signature or initials of tester(s)

– Rescue services and the means for summoning them

– Communication procedures and equipment

– Equipment, such as PPE, testing, communications, alarm systems and rescue

– Any other information needed to ensure safe entry

– Any additional permits (such as for hot work)

– No Permit required when space is• Considered Non-Hazardous

• Entries into these spaces do not require an entry permit

• “Buddy System”

• The process or the operation being conducted within the confined space may change the space to a Permit Required Confined Space

• Validate that hazardous conditions do not exist before entering the space

MASTER ENTRY PERMITMASTER ENTRY PERMIT

(MEP)(MEP)

1. 1. The MEP is nothing more than a master permit that identifies all your routinely entered confined spaces. You have all of these areas documented on your MEP.

2. The MEP, a part of the overall written confined spaces program, will serve as an approval for recurring entries having the same conditions and entry requirements when signed by representatives of SEG, CEF and BEE.

3. The MEP allows functional managers and

commanders to designate entry supervisors to

issue Field Entry Permits. Your MEP must be

reviewed by supervisor and re-certified each

year and signed by;

a. Bio-environmental Engineering (BE)

b. Fire Department (CEF)

c. Group Safety (SEG)

4. Once your MEP is approved and certified

you are authorized to issue Field Entry Permits

for entry into areas specifically identified on the

MEP

5. To ensure your MEP contains all required areas,

refer to AFOSH STD 91-25 Pg 7, para 2.10.4 dated

Feb 1998

TRAINING TRAINING REQUIREMENTSREQUIREMENTS

The supervisor shall provide training so that all personnel acquire the understanding, knowledge, and skills necessary for safe performance of assigned duties:– Before the employee is assigned any duties

– Before there is a change in assigned duties

– Whenever employer has reason to believe either there are deviations from permit space entry procedures or inadequacies in the employee’s knowledge or use of these procedures

DUTIES AND DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIESRESPONSIBILITIES

a. KEY POSITIONS 1. Entry Supervisor 2. Attendant 3. Entrant(s) * MANDATORY POSITIONS 4. Runner/Equipment monitor

The following positions will only be maintained if you provide your own qualified rescue team and approved respiratory gear.

5. Emergency Rescue

6. Air Bottle/Regulator Monitor

7. Runner/Equipment Monitor

DUTIES OF AUTHORIZED ENTRANT

The supervisor shall ensure that authorized entrants:– Know the hazards that may be faced during entry, signs or

symptoms, and consequences of the exposure

– Proper use of required equipment

– Communicate with attendant as necessary

– Alert the attendant whenever:• The entrant recognizes any warning signs or symptoms of

exposure to a dangerous situation

• The entrant detects a prohibited condition

– Exit from the permit space as quickly as possible when:• An order to evacuate is given by the attendant or entry supervisor

• The entrant recognizes any warning signs or symptoms of exposure to a dangerous situation

• The entrant detects a prohibited condition

• An evacuation alarm is activated

– Know the hazards that may be faced during entry, including information on the mode, signs or symptoms, and consequences of the exposure

– Is aware of possible behavioral effects of hazard exposure in authorized entrant

– Continuously maintains an accurate count of authorized entrants in the permit space

– Remains outside the permit space during entry operations until relieved by another attendant

– Communicates with authorized entrants, monitors entrants status and alerts entrants upon need to evacuate

DUTIES OF ATTENDANT

– Monitor activities inside and outside the space to determine if it is safe for entrants to remain in the space and order the entrants to evacuate under any of the following conditions:

• If the attendant detects a prohibited condition

• If the attendant detects the behavioral affects of hazard exposure in an entrant

• If the attendant detects a situation outside the space that could endanger the entrants

• If the attendant cannot effectively and safely perform assigned duties

– Summon rescue and other emergency services as soon as attendant determines that authorized entrants may need assistance to escape from the space

– Take the following actions when unauthorized persons approach or enter a permit space while entry is underway:

• Warn the person to stay away from the space

• Advise them to exit the space immediately if they have entered the space

• Inform entrants and entry supervisor if a person has entered the permit space

– Perform non-entry rescues IAW rescue procedures– Perform no duties that might interfere with the attendant primary

duties

The employer shall ensure each entry supervisor:– Know the hazards that may be faced during entry

– Verifies that acceptable conditions for entry exist

– Terminate and cancels the permit as required

– Verifies that rescue services are available and that the means to call them are operable

– Remove unauthorized individuals who enter or who attempt to enter the permit space during entry operations

DUTIES OF ENTRY SUPERVISOR

EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

a. The MEP will include emergency and rescue

procedures consistent with the nature of each

known operation of entry into a PRCS.

b. The entry supervisor will coordinate with CEF

SEG, and BEE when required to enter non-routine

permit-required confined spaces that are not

included in the MEP and establish emergency

rescue procedures.

c. There are three primary means of provided

rescue;

1. Self-Rescue

2. Centrally Located Rescue Team

3. Organizational Rescue Team

Self-Rescue;

a. To exit from the confined space as rapidly as

possible whenever an order is given to evacuate

by the attendant and/or supervisor.

b. Whenever entrant recognizes hazardous

conditions warranting exit from the confined

space.

Centrally Located Rescue Team; a. The Base Fire Department will normally provide rescue services for operations requiring entry into a permit-required CS on an Air Force installation b. The supervisor in charge of entry will contact the Fire Department for coordination and to ensure it’savailability within a reasonable period of time. c. When deemed appropriate by the Fire Dept, the

rescue team should stand by scene. i.e., IDLH entries

Organizational Rescue Team;

a. When confined space work is performed outside the installation or the Fire Department is unable to support the operation, the supervisor in charge of entry will ensure ORT is available or the work is rescheduled.

b. These types of rescue teams shall consist of trained personnel equipped with appropriate PPE, to include respiratory entry gear and rescue retrieval equipment.

SUPPORT EQUIPMENTSUPPORT EQUIPMENT

a. Atmospheric Monitoring Equipment;

1. Test for LEL, Oxygen, Toxicity

NOTE: Testing enables employers both to devise and implement adequate control measures for the protection of authorized entrants and to determine if acceptable entry conditions are present immediately prior to, and during, entry.

b. Safety and Rescue Equipment

1. Tri -Pod with extractor winch

2. Life Line with lockable D-ring attachment

3. Safety Harness or Wristlets

4. Pressure Demand Type-C Respiratory Protection

equipment with 5 min egress air bottle.

5. Fresh Air Bottles/cylinders

c. Operational Support Equipment

1. Air movers

2. Air Compressor

3. Miscellaneous Tools and Materials

SUPPORT EQUIPMENT CONT:

GENERAL INFORMATIONGENERAL INFORMATION

a. General Information a. General Information

1. Each organization shall develop a1. Each organization shall develop a

structured and effective training program to establishstructured and effective training program to establish

safe work practices and techniquessafe work practices and techniques

2. All Lesson/training plans must be approved prior to 2. All Lesson/training plans must be approved prior to use by SEG, CEF, and BEEuse by SEG, CEF, and BEE

3. Bio-environmental Engineering (BEE) will provide 3. Bio-environmental Engineering (BEE) will provide local training on the use, calibration (user) and care of local training on the use, calibration (user) and care of atmospheric testing and monitoring equipmentatmospheric testing and monitoring equipment

b. General Training Requirementsb. General Training Requirements

1. The Entry supervisor or Shop Supervisor will ensure 1. The Entry supervisor or Shop Supervisor will ensure all personnel under their direct supervision are trained in all personnel under their direct supervision are trained in the following areas:the following areas:

a. Hazard Recognition; Potential pre-entry hazards a. Hazard Recognition; Potential pre-entry hazards

b. The proper use and wear of PPEb. The proper use and wear of PPE

c. Self Rescue Procedures/How to Activate Rescue Teamc. Self Rescue Procedures/How to Activate Rescue Team

d. Key Position Duties and Specific Responsibilitiesd. Key Position Duties and Specific Responsibilities

e. The use of Atmospheric Monitoringe. The use of Atmospheric Monitoring

f. The use of Retrieval/Rescue Equipment as appropriatef. The use of Retrieval/Rescue Equipment as appropriate

g. Proper/effective use of developed Confined Spaceg. Proper/effective use of developed Confined Space

Program Program

c. Documentation of Training; c. Documentation of Training; All Confined Space All Confined Space training for entry supervisors, entrants, attendants, testers , training for entry supervisors, entrants, attendants, testers , and rescue team members shall be certified and documented and rescue team members shall be certified and documented on the AF Form 55 Employee Safety and Health Recordon the AF Form 55 Employee Safety and Health Record. .

1. Certification shall contain:1. Certification shall contain:

a. Individuals namea. Individuals name

b. Dates of Training/Recurring training b. Dates of Training/Recurring training

c. The initials or signature of the trainerc. The initials or signature of the trainer

2. Individuals designated to conduct atmospheric testing 2. Individuals designated to conduct atmospheric testing of confined spaces must be trained in the following;of confined spaces must be trained in the following;

a. Proper operation of test equipment.a. Proper operation of test equipment.

b. Calibration of test equipment.b. Calibration of test equipment.

c. Qualified to interpret test results c. Qualified to interpret test results

PROGRAM REVIEW