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Confidential / Copyright © SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Final PresentationProject Specs & ChallengesSD Group 6:
Jean PierreJose ParedesLuigi EvalleAndres Escalante
August 03, 2012
Page 2 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Senior Design Group VIGroup Members
Jean Pierre
Computer Engineering, B.S. Grad: Summer ‘12
Picture
Luigi Evalle
Picture
Electrical Engineering, B.S. Grad: Summer ‘12
Jose Paredes
Picture
Electrical Engineering, B.S. Grad: Fall ‘12
Andres Escalante
Electrical Engineering, B.S. Grad: Fall ‘12
Picture
Page 3 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Critical ReviewTable of Contents
Mechanical Aspect
Component Breakdown
2.
3.
Project Essentials1.
Testing4.
Milestones5.
Financials6.
Page 4 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Project EssentialsMain Project Overview
-Photovoltaic Panel-Uses Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) to efficiently charge the battery-Utilizes a DC to AC Inverter-Supports a 120VAC Output-MicroController Unit (MCU)
Enables PV Panel to track energy source
Provides LCD visual output Uses BlueTooth technology for
data logging Maximizes available Solar
Radiation
-Photovoltaic Panel-Uses Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) to efficiently charge the battery-Utilizes a DC to AC Inverter-Supports a 120VAC Output-MicroController Unit (MCU)
Enables PV Panel to track energy source
Provides LCD visual output Uses BlueTooth technology for
data logging Maximizes available Solar
Radiation
Page 5 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Project EssentialsDetailed Specifications
Detailed Specs:PV Panel (Max Rating): 17.5V/3.43A
(60W)DC/AC Inverter: 30WBattery: 120W/cell, 30Ah@Load Output: 30W
Source Tracking every 30 Minutes
Activates Stepper Driver for 5 mins every half-hour; powers Stepper Motor, which moves PV Panel to track Light Source.
Detailed Specs:PV Panel (Max Rating): 17.5V/3.43A
(60W)DC/AC Inverter: 30WBattery: 120W/cell, 30Ah@Load Output: 30W
Source Tracking every 30 Minutes
Activates Stepper Driver for 5 mins every half-hour; powers Stepper Motor, which moves PV Panel to track Light Source.
Page 6 August 3, 2012
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© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
AC Output
Source Tracking
Project EssentialsGoals & Objectives
Source Tracking feature Will increase energy input at
small energy expense
Enhanced features:Complete Enclosure for ease of
PortabilityAC Output for extended time load-
bearing
Portability
Efficiency
Maximum Power Point Tracking Efficiency of at least 90%
Page 7 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Project EssentialsBlock Diagram
Project Breakdown
Page 8 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Critical ReviewTable of Contents
Mechanical Aspect
Component Breakdown
2.
3.
Project Essentials1.
Testing4.
Milestones5.
Financials6.
Page 9 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
EnclosureProject Physical Specs
Rotating Chair Base
Light-Weight Aluminum PV Frame
Wooden Enclosure & Circuitry
Page 10 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Critical ReviewTable of Contents
Mechanical Aspect
Component Breakdown
2.
3.
Project Essentials1.
Testing4.
Milestones5.
Financials6.
Page 11 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Component InformationPhotovoltaic Panel
Luigi E.
Status: Acquired
Currently @ 100%
Component Info.
Page 12 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
PV Panel TypesCrystaline v. Thin Film Technologies
Monocrysalline Polycrystalline Thin Film
Efficiency 22.5% 11-15% 9%
Weight 12.7 lbs 13 lbs 30.2 lbs
Dimensions 33.25 in x 21.5 in 30.2 in x 26.38 in 39 in x 39 in
Price (w/ shipping) $129.00 $179.99 $143.52
Crystalline PV Panels Thin Film
Higher power per area Output is less affected by temperature
More Efficient Lower Cost per Watt
More available product options
More Shade tolerant
Page 13 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
PV Panel TypesMonocrystaline
Monocrystalline:• -Cheaper, more efficient,
Light weight and Smallest Surface Area
• Specifications:• -Max Power: 60 W• -Max Power Voltage: 17.6
V• -Max Current: 3.41 A• -Size: 33.25 in x 21.5 in• -Weight: 12.76 lb
Page 14 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
PV PanelIncidence Angle Calculation
Solar Angle of Incidence:• Solar panel's will more efficiently produce greater amounts of power when its
oritentation • is exactly perpendicular to the light source feeding it. • Optimal angle depends on the geographic location of the solar panel and the
current time of year.• The Solar panel will be adjusted to fixed angles depending on the season
(summer, spring, fall or winter)• Various solar angle calculators may be found online
”EnergyWorksUs.com calculator was used as reference for this project• Once the angle from the horizontal is set, the efficiency of the panels will be
further increased by utilizing solar tracking in order to have full exposure to the sunFixed Angle (from horizontal) for Solar Panel in
Central FL Area
Summer 13 degrees
Spring/Fall 28 degrees
Winter 43 degrees
Page 15 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Component InformationBattery Component
Andres E.
Stat: Acquired
Currently @ 100%
Component Info.
Page 16 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Specifications
6 cells per unit, 12V output30Ah capabilityMin charge current 1 Amp400A Maximum discharge Surge current (~5 sec) Battery life ~90,000 hours
Convenience
Battery ComponentEATON 12V 120 W Sealed Lead Acid Battery (PWHR12120W3FR)
Sealed construction. Flame-retardant design. Compact and low weight per avg. lead acid
battery designs (23.6lbs, 4.9”x6.5”x6.9). Wide range of operating temperatures
(5°F~104°F).
*Calculations per cell; 6 cells per unit
Page 17 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Component InformationMax Power Point Tracker (MPPT) Unit
Luigi E
Status: Prototyped
Currently @ 100%
Component Info.
Page 18 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
MPPT ComponentMaximum Power Point Tracking:
-Important because the voltage and current produced from the solar panel is variable depending on the amount of sun exposure to the solar panel.- The battery charges most efficiently 12V and 3 A. - purpose is to obtain the largest amount of voltage vs. current from a solar array. -voltage from solar panel goes to dc/dc converter which is parallel to MCU and battery-MCU chooses the maximum point at which the voltage and current will create the maximum power output as depicted by the equation P = IV.-Our goal: MPPT is to obtain efficiency of 90%
-Important because the voltage and current produced from the solar panel is variable depending on the amount of sun exposure to the solar panel.- The battery charges most efficiently 12V and 3 A. - purpose is to obtain the largest amount of voltage vs. current from a solar array. -voltage from solar panel goes to dc/dc converter which is parallel to MCU and battery-MCU chooses the maximum point at which the voltage and current will create the maximum power output as depicted by the equation P = IV.-Our goal: MPPT is to obtain efficiency of 90%
Page 19 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
MPPT ComponentAlgorithms:
-3 different tracking AlgorigthmsIncremental ConductanceConstant VoltagePerturb and Observe
-Most widely used-MPPT will adjust voltage by
small incremental amounts and measure the Power. It will continue increasing until Power no longer increases.
-3 different tracking AlgorigthmsIncremental ConductanceConstant VoltagePerturb and Observe
-Most widely used-MPPT will adjust voltage by
small incremental amounts and measure the Power. It will continue increasing until Power no longer increases.
Page 20 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Charging StagesAlgorithms:
Average 120W Sealed Lead-Acid battery will take 12-16 Hours to fully chargeThe MPPT will charge the battery in 3 charging stages:oBulk Stage
MPPT will charge the battery at a constant charge current, increasing the battery’s voltage until it reaches cutoff voltage (70% Charge). oAbsorption Stage
As it charges the remaining 30% of the battery charge, the MPPT will slowly decrease the charge
current.oFloat Stage
At Float Stage, the MPPT insures the battery is fully charged with a stable lower constant charge current.
Average 120W Sealed Lead-Acid battery will take 12-16 Hours to fully chargeThe MPPT will charge the battery in 3 charging stages:oBulk Stage
MPPT will charge the battery at a constant charge current, increasing the battery’s voltage until it reaches cutoff voltage (70% Charge). oAbsorption Stage
As it charges the remaining 30% of the battery charge, the MPPT will slowly decrease the charge
current.oFloat Stage
At Float Stage, the MPPT insures the battery is fully charged with a stable lower constant charge current.
Page 21 August 3, 2012
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© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
MPPT Component PIC16F88
Microcontroller used:-Use the PIC16F88 microcontroller from Microchip-Program Memory: 7168 bytes Flash, 4096 Single Word Instructions-Data Memory: 368 bytes SRAM, 256 EEPROM bytes-16 I/o Pin-1 CCP (PWM)-2 Comparators-10-bit A/D-Timers 8/16 bit: 2/1
Page 22 August 3, 2012
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© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
MPPT Component MPPT Schematic
Page 23 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Component InformationDC/AC Inverter
Jose P.
Status: Prototyped
Currently @ 100%
Component Info.
Page 24 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
DC/AC InverterSpecs
-30 watt.-Uses a pic16f628a microcontroller
C Programming Language-60 hertz produced by two waves from
microcontroller.-Stp55nf06l logic mosfet, 55 amps max current.-Transformer wired backwards to attain high
voltage.-PCB space is 6 inches, 4 inches.-Any AC load, no more than 30W.-PTH08080WAH Switching Regulator
Per TI Datasheet, 93.5% Efficient
-30 watt.-Uses a pic16f628a microcontroller
C Programming Language-60 hertz produced by two waves from
microcontroller.-Stp55nf06l logic mosfet, 55 amps max current.-Transformer wired backwards to attain high
voltage.-PCB space is 6 inches, 4 inches.-Any AC load, no more than 30W.-PTH08080WAH Switching Regulator
Per TI Datasheet, 93.5% Efficient
Page 25 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
DC/AC InverterSchematics
U1
PIC16F84A
RA21
RA32
RA4T0CKI3
MCLR4
VSS5
RB0INT 6
RB1 7
RB2 8
RB3 9
RB4 10
RB5 11
RB6 12
RB7 13
VDD 14
OSC2CLKOUT 15
OSC1CLKIN16
RA017
RA118
PTH08080WAH
LINEVREG
COMMON
VOLTAGE R1
47Ω
C11000µF
C2.22µF
C3.1µF
C4100µF
R2
10kΩ
R3
10kΩ
R4
470Ω
R5
470Ω
R622kΩ
R7
22kΩ
STP55N06L
STP55N06
F1
10_AMP
T1
TS_POWER_25_TO_1
V112 V
Page 26 August 3, 2012
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© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
DC/AC InverterPrototype
Page 27 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Component InformationPV Panel Output Monitoring Unit
Jose P.
Status: Prototyped.
Currently @ 100%
Component Info.
Page 28 August 3, 2012
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© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Monitoring the Solar PanelSpecifications
Why is it important:-Efficiency calculations when comparing the efficiency of the MPPT.-Observe the effect of temperature on the solar panel's performance
Voltage Coming from Solar Panel:-A voltage divider circuit will be used to calculate the voltage produced by the solar panel
Why is it important:-Efficiency calculations when comparing the efficiency of the MPPT.-Observe the effect of temperature on the solar panel's performance
Voltage Coming from Solar Panel:-A voltage divider circuit will be used to calculate the voltage produced by the solar panel
Current Coming from Solar Panel:-ACS714 a hall effect-based current sensor which will be surface mounted to the main PCB. Chosen because it is accurate for low current readings which range up to 5 A.
Specifications:-Size: 0.7" x 0.8"-Weight: 1.3 g-Current Sensitivity: 0.185V/A-Max Logic Voltage: 4.5 - 5.5V-VCC: 5 V-Current input: -5A - 5A
Current Coming from Solar Panel:-ACS714 a hall effect-based current sensor which will be surface mounted to the main PCB. Chosen because it is accurate for low current readings which range up to 5 A.
Specifications:-Size: 0.7" x 0.8"-Weight: 1.3 g-Current Sensitivity: 0.185V/A-Max Logic Voltage: 4.5 - 5.5V-VCC: 5 V-Current input: -5A - 5A
Page 29 August 3, 2012
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© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Component InformationMicroController Unit
Jean P.
Status: Prototyped.
Currently @ 100%
Component Info.
Page 30 August 3, 2012
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© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Microcontroller Development Board Comparison ChartDevelopment Board Chip used
Comes with Chip?
Power jack w/ Voltage Regulator
USB Or Serial Interface
Programming Language Price
Arduino UNO - R3 ATMEGA328P YES YES USB C $29.95
Parallax Board of Education Development Board Basic Stamp 2 NO YES USB Basic $60.00
MSP430 Launchpad MSP430Fxx2 YES YES USB C $4.30
PICKit 2 Debug Express PIC16F887 YES NO USB
C/Assembly/Basic $49.99
Arduino Mega 2560 ATmega2560 YES YES USB C $53.95
40 Pin PIC Deveopment Board PIC18F4550 YES YES Serial/USB C/Assembly $37.95
MCU ComponentMCU Development Board Comparison Chart
Page 31 August 3, 2012
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© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
•Comes with PICkit 2 Development Programmer/Debugger
Needed to program PIC microcontrollers in our program.
• 44-pin Demo board with PIC16F887 Midrange PIC microcontroller• Has 12 lessons on assembly programming to cover I/O, A/D converters, timers, interrupts, etc.• Several lessons on using C language to program microcontrollers
•Comes with PICkit 2 Development Programmer/Debugger
Needed to program PIC microcontrollers in our program.
• 44-pin Demo board with PIC16F887 Midrange PIC microcontroller• Has 12 lessons on assembly programming to cover I/O, A/D converters, timers, interrupts, etc.• Several lessons on using C language to program microcontrollers
MCU ComponentMicrochip PICkit 2 Debug Express
Page 32 August 3, 2012
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© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
MCU Component Microcontroller ATmega2560
•Operating Voltage: 5V•Input Voltage (recommended): 7-12V•Input Voltage (limits): 6-20V•Digital I/O: Pins 14
(of which 6 provide PWM output)
•Analog Input Pins: 6•DC Current per I/O Pin 40mA•DC Current for 3.3V Pin 50mA•Flash Memory: 32 KB
of which .5 KB used by bootloader
•SRAM: 2 KB•EEPROM: 1 KB•Clock Speed: 16 MHz
•Operating Voltage: 5V•Input Voltage (recommended): 7-12V•Input Voltage (limits): 6-20V•Digital I/O: Pins 14
(of which 6 provide PWM output)
•Analog Input Pins: 6•DC Current per I/O Pin 40mA•DC Current for 3.3V Pin 50mA•Flash Memory: 32 KB
of which .5 KB used by bootloader
•SRAM: 2 KB•EEPROM: 1 KB•Clock Speed: 16 MHz
Page 33 August 3, 2012
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© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
MCU Component Class Diagram
Page 34 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Component InformationTracking Component (Photoresistor)
Jean P.
Status: Prototyped.
Currently @ 100%
Component Info.
Page 35 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Tracking ComponentPHOTORESISTOR
• Size: 5.00x4.00mm• Resistance on light: 5k-20k ohm• Resistance in darkness: 1M ohm• Max Voltage: 150V (DC)• Peak Sensitivity: 560nm• Sensitivity Range: CdS cells respond to light between 400nm (violet) and 600nm (orange) wavelengths, peaking at about 520nm (green).• Power Supply: use less than 1mA for up to 100V (depending on power supply)• Max power consumption: 100mW• Operating temperature: -30 to +70°C
• Size: 5.00x4.00mm• Resistance on light: 5k-20k ohm• Resistance in darkness: 1M ohm• Max Voltage: 150V (DC)• Peak Sensitivity: 560nm• Sensitivity Range: CdS cells respond to light between 400nm (violet) and 600nm (orange) wavelengths, peaking at about 520nm (green).• Power Supply: use less than 1mA for up to 100V (depending on power supply)• Max power consumption: 100mW• Operating temperature: -30 to +70°C
Page 36 August 3, 2012
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© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Component InformationLoad Control Monitoring Unit
Jean P.
Stat: Prototyped
Currently @ 100%
Component Info.
Page 37 August 3, 2012
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© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Load Control MonitoringPorpuse
With MCU through LCD visual output, we will display numerical values for:oVoltage output of PV paneloCurrent out of PV PaneloCurrent Angle of PV PaneloTemperature of PV panel
With MCU through LCD visual output, we will display numerical values for:oVoltage output of PV paneloCurrent out of PV PaneloCurrent Angle of PV PaneloTemperature of PV panel
Page 38 August 3, 2012
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© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Load MonitoringBlueTooth Module
JY-MCU HC-06 V1.03 Bluetooth Transceiver oBlueTooth Module uses serial communication to transmit data for data logging.oCan easily connect with BT-enabled computersoUses Rx,Tx pins of MCU’s AtMega 328 chip to transmit data
JY-MCU HC-06 V1.03 Bluetooth Transceiver oBlueTooth Module uses serial communication to transmit data for data logging.oCan easily connect with BT-enabled computersoUses Rx,Tx pins of MCU’s AtMega 328 chip to transmit data
Page 39 August 3, 2012
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© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Component InformationMotor Controller
Jean P.
Status: Prototyped
Currently @ 100%
Component Info.
Page 40 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Motor ControllerStepper Motor
-- Designed by Brian Schmalzhaus-- from Sparkfun.comSpecification:• Bi-polar Micro stepping Driver used for Bi-Polar Stepper Motors• Drive motor up to 2A/Phase Max• Max Motor Drive Voltage: 35V• On-board 5V/3.3V Regulation to use for Microcontroller• Board can drive motor in Full Step, Half-Step, Quarter-Step, 1/8th –Step, 1/16th –Step• Motor with 200 steps per revolution, require 3200 steps/rev for full revolution• Comes with Eagle board files and schematic• Overcurrent Protection with Potentiometer
-- Designed by Brian Schmalzhaus-- from Sparkfun.comSpecification:• Bi-polar Micro stepping Driver used for Bi-Polar Stepper Motors• Drive motor up to 2A/Phase Max• Max Motor Drive Voltage: 35V• On-board 5V/3.3V Regulation to use for Microcontroller• Board can drive motor in Full Step, Half-Step, Quarter-Step, 1/8th –Step, 1/16th –Step• Motor with 200 steps per revolution, require 3200 steps/rev for full revolution• Comes with Eagle board files and schematic• Overcurrent Protection with Potentiometer
Big Easy Driver: Bi-Polar Stepper
Motor Driver
Page 41 August 3, 2012
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© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Component InformationMotor Component
Jean P.
Status: Prototyped
Currently @ 100%
Component Info.
Page 42 August 3, 2012
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© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Stepper Motors Comparison ChartStepper Motor TYPE
WebsiteManufacturer ID
Holding Torque Oz-in
VoltageCurrent Rating A/phase
Type Weight kg Cost
Nema 23 Ebay57BYGH41-601B
55.00 12 Vdc 1.00 SIZE 23 0.47 $30.11
Nema 23 Ebay57BYGH41-401B
76.00 12 Vdc 2.80 SIZE 23 0.47 $30.11
Nema 23 Ebay57BYGH56-401A
175.00 12 Vdc 2.80 SIZE 23 0.71 $37.99
Lin Engineering
Alltronics.com
5718M-05E-04 124.21 12 Vdc 2.00 SIZE 23 N/A $19.95
NI NEMA 23National Instrument
780073-01 180.00 12 Vdc 0.40 SIZE 23 N/A $139.00
Nema 23 Ebay 23HS6410-02A 212.00 12 Vdc 1.00 SIZE 23 0.85 $45.00
AMCI AMCI.com SM23 240.00 12 Vdc 2.00 SIZE 23 0.99 N/A
Motor ComponentComparison
Page 43 August 3, 2012
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© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Stepper Motor Specifications:
Size: Nema 23 Step Angle: 1.8 deg Voltage: 7.5 VDC Current/Phase: 1.0 Amp/phase Resistance/phase: 20.0 mH/ phase Holding Torque: 212 oz-in
150 N-cm Detent Torque: 7.0 oz-in
5.0 N-cm Rotor Inertia: 2.08 on-in2
380 g-cm2 Weight: 1.87 lbs
0.85 kg Available step Modes:
Full, Half, Quarter, 1/8th and 1/16th Step
Stepper Motor Specifications:
Size: Nema 23 Step Angle: 1.8 deg Voltage: 7.5 VDC Current/Phase: 1.0 Amp/phase Resistance/phase: 20.0 mH/ phase Holding Torque: 212 oz-in
150 N-cm Detent Torque: 7.0 oz-in
5.0 N-cm Rotor Inertia: 2.08 on-in2
380 g-cm2 Weight: 1.87 lbs
0.85 kg Available step Modes:
Full, Half, Quarter, 1/8th and 1/16th Step
Motor ComponentSpecs
Worm Gear will limit movement while Stepper Motor is asleep.
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© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Motor ComponentStepper Motor Schematic
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© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Motor ComponentStepper Motor Tracking Algorithm
Page 46 August 3, 2012
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© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Component InformationLiquid Crystal Display
Andres E.
Status: Prototyped
Currently @ 100%
Component Info.
Page 47 August 3, 2012
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© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
LCD specs:• Module Size(W×H×T): 98.0×60.0×14.0mm• Viewing Area(W×H): 76.0×26.0 mm• Character Size(W×H): 2.94×4.74• Dot Size(W×H): 0.54×0.54mm• Operating Voltage: 4.5 – 5.5 V• Operating Current: 1.0 – 2.2 mA• Can run in 4-bit or 8-bit mode.• Easily interface with Arduino using LiquidCrystal library.• Customizable contrast levels for high visibility during high glare conditions.
LCD specs:• Module Size(W×H×T): 98.0×60.0×14.0mm• Viewing Area(W×H): 76.0×26.0 mm• Character Size(W×H): 2.94×4.74• Dot Size(W×H): 0.54×0.54mm• Operating Voltage: 4.5 – 5.5 V• Operating Current: 1.0 – 2.2 mA• Can run in 4-bit or 8-bit mode.• Easily interface with Arduino using LiquidCrystal library.• Customizable contrast levels for high visibility during high glare conditions.
HD44780 2004 20x4 LCD Module W/ Blue backlightHD44780 2004 20x4 LCD Module W/ Blue backlight
Liquid Crystal DisplaySpecs
Page 48 August 3, 2012
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© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
U1
GND
VCCCV
RSRW
E
D0D1D2D3D4D5D6D7
V15 V Battery
R1
10kΩKey=A
50%
GND
GND
MicrocontrollerArduino
Liquid Crystal DisplayPin Schematic of 20X4 LCD Module
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Critical ReviewTable of Contents
Mechanical Aspect
Component Breakdown
2.
3.
Project Essentials1.
Testing4.
Milestones5.
Financials6.
Page 50 August 3, 2012
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© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
MPPT Test7/22/2012
Inside w/ DC Power Supply w/ No Tracking
Time: 0:37:33 DC Output V 17.37 V DC Current 2.34 A Room Temp 19.63 CTime: 0:38:36 DC Output V 17.30 V DC Current 3.25 A Room Temp 19.14 CTime: 0:39:39 DC Output V 17.22 V DC Current 3.25 A Room Temp 21.68 CTime: 0:41:14 DC Output V 17.22 V DC Current 3.24 A Room Temp 19.73 CTime: 0:41:45 DC Output V 17.67 V DC Current 3.07 A Room Temp 20.90 CTime: 0:42:17 DC Output V 17.37 V DC Current 2.53 A Room Temp 20.70 C
Max Voltage 17.67 V Max Current 3.25 AAvg Voltage 17.36 V Avg Current 2.95 A
18 V3.33 A60 W
Max MPPT Power Drawn @ 17.37 V 59.94 W3.25 A 56.45 W
56.45 W Efficiency of MPPT 94%
Test Conditions
DC Power Supply VoltageDC Power Supply Current
Max Power Output
Max power OutMax power In
Date:
Testing Information
Load V 70.9 VACLoad C 0.4 ALoad Power 28.36 W
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Testing Information
7/26/2012Sunny w/ Tracking
Time: 1:42:34 PV Voltage = 16.39 V PV Current = 3.13 A PV_Temp = 42.38 C Panel_Angle = -74Time: 1:43:06 PV Voltage = 15.94 V PV Current = 2.91 A PV_Temp = 41.02 C Panel_Angle = -74Time: 1:43:38 PV Voltage = 15.71 V PV Current = 3.27 A PV_Temp = 43.55 C Panel_Angle = -74Time: 1:44:09 PV Voltage = 15.94 V PV Current = 2.58 A PV_Temp = 39.36 C Panel_Angle = -74Time: 1:44:41 PV Voltage = 15.96 V PV Current = 2.56 A PV_Temp = 41.70 C Panel_Angle = -74Time: 1:45:12 PV Voltage = 15.56 V PV Current = 3.29 A PV_Temp = 41.21 C Panel_Angle = -74
Max Voltage 16.39 V Max Current 3.29 AAvg Voltage 15.92 V Avg Current 2.96 A
17.60 V3.41 A60 W
Max MPPT Power Drawn @ 16.39 V 59.94 W3.29 A 53.92 W
53.92 W 90%Efficiency of MPPT
DC Power Supply VoltageDC Power Supply Current
Max Power Output
Date:Test Conditions
PV Panel Max power Rating Max power drawn
Load V 70.9 VACLoad C 0.4 ALoad Power 28.36 W
Page 52 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Testing Information
Load V 70.9 VACLoad C 0.4 ALoad Power 28.36 W
7/22/2012Cloudy w/ Tracking
Time: 2:55:36 PV Voltage = 13.59 V PV Current = 0.79 A PV_Temp = 33.3 C Panel_Angle = 36Time: 2:56:10 PV Voltage = 13.97 V PV Current = 0.78 A PV_Temp = 35.94 C Panel_Angle = 36Time: 2:56:40 PV Voltage = 13.44 V PV Current = 0.78 A PV_Temp = 35.94 C Panel_Angle = 36Time: 2:57:14 PV Voltage = 13.59 V PV Current = 0.77 A PV_Temp = 35.84 C Panel_Angle = 36Time: 2:57:47 PV Voltage = 13.59 V PV Current = 0.76 A PV_Temp = 34.38 C Panel_Angle = 36Time: 2:58:19 PV Voltage = 13.90 V PV Current = 0.76 A PV_Temp = 34.96 C Panel_Angle = 36
Max Voltage 13.97 V Max Current 0.79 AAvg Voltage 13.68 V Avg Current 0.77 A
13.59 V0.79 A
10.74 W
Max MPPT Power Drawn @
Date:Test Conditions
Page 53 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Critical ReviewTable of Contents
Mechanical Aspect
Component Breakdown
2.
3.
Project Essentials1.
Milestones
Testing4.
5.
Financials6.
Page 54 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Milestone SchedulePer Semester
Page 55 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Progress By ComponentPercent Completion
Page 56 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Critical ReviewTable of Contents
Mechanical Aspect
Component Breakdown
2.
3.
Project Essentials1.
Financials
Testing4.
Milestones5.
6.
Page 57 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
BudgetPivot Table of Actuals vs. Forecast
Components Expenses Forecasted Budget
Remaining Budget
Battery $74.99 $150.00 $75.01
DC/AC Inverter $143.93 $50.00 $93.93
Enclosure $138.23 $160.00 $21.77
LCD $7.88 $10.00 $2.12
MCU $214.56 $180.00 $34.56
Misc $6.40 $10.00 $3.60
Motor $108.24 $80.00 $28.24
Motor Controller $30.39 $30.00 $0.39
MPPT $110.29 $130.00 $19.71
Solar Panel $146.33 $200.00 $53.67
Tracking $1.98 $10.00 $8.02
Grand Total $983.22 $1,010.00 $26.78Delta= 0.03
Page 58 August 3, 2012
Escalante, Evalle, Paredes, Pierre
© SD Group 06 Spr‘12
Thank you for your attention!
…Any Questions?