2014 Summer Intern Poster Session and Abstract Proceedings ...
Conference Abstract Proceedings - WordPress.com
Transcript of Conference Abstract Proceedings - WordPress.com
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 1
Conference Abstract Proceedings
Copyright by University of Central Lancashire, UK
Collated and Edited by Dr. Tapas Sen & Dr. Yogita Patil-Sen, UCLan, UK
1st International Symposium
Functional nanomaterials in industrial applications:
Academic-Industry meet
29th to 31st March 2016
University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
(http://www.uclan.ac.uk/campuses/index.php)
Theme 1: Nano-Energy/Environmental
Theme 2: Nanomedicine in Health & Diagnostics
Theme 3: Nano-Catalysis and Green Technology
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Symbols Page Numbers
Plenary PL-1 to PL-4 ………………………………………………………. 3-6
Keynotes KN-1-01 to KN-1-02 ……………………………………………...
KN-2-01 to KN-2-04……………………………………………....
KN-3-01 to KN-3-03……………………………………………....
7-8
9-12
13-15
Guest lectures GL-1-01 to GL-1-03……………………………………………....
GL-2-01 to GL-2-06……………………………………………....
GL-3-01…………………………………………….......................
16-18
19-24
25
Special lectures SL-01 to SL-04……………………………………………............. 26-29
Oral presentations O-1-01 to O-1-04 ……………………………………………........
O-2-01 to O-2-09 ……………………………………………........
O-3-01 to O-3-07 ……………………………………………........
30-33
34-42
43-49
Poster presentations P-01 to P-38 ……………………………………………............... 50-87
List of Delegates A to Z …………………………………………….......................... 88-91
Sponsorship Full page: £200 …………………………………………………...
1/2 page: £100 ……………………...……………………………..
92-95
96
Notes Notes for delegates………………………………………………... 97-109
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 3
Plenary (PL-1): Challenges in Nano-science using Computation and Synchrotron Radiation
Prof. Richard Catlow, FRS
Jointly with University College London & Cardiff University, UK
Charles “Richard” Arthur Catlow FRS is a British chemist, and professor at
University College London. Previously, he was Director of the Davy Faraday
Research Laboratory, and Wolfson Professor of Natural Philosophy at the
Royal Institution
Optimising the performance of nano-particulate based materials requires a detailed understanding of their
structures, dynamics and reactivities at the atomic and molecular level. The methods of contemporary
computational chemistry and physics are proving exceptionally powerful in this quest for an atomic level
understanding in nano-science. Their power is even greater when they are used in conjunction with advanced
experimental techniques, especially those employing synchrotron radiation (SR). This lecture will review briefly
the range and scope of current modelling techniques in catalytic science and will illustrate their applications
emphasising those where they have been used in tandem with SR based experiment. We will describe recent work
which has illuminated knowledge of structural and dynamic properties of nano-particle systems as well as their
reactivity, where we will describe recent studies of supported nano-particulate catalysts.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 4
Plenary (PL-2): Creation and Application of Advanced Functional Materials in Industry
Mr. Iain Crosley, Managing Director, Hosokawa Micron Ltd., UK
(http://www.hosokawa.co.uk/) which is a part of Hosokawa Micron Group
(http://www.hosokawamicron.co.jp/en/global.html).
Hosokawa Micron is well known as a leader in the design and supply of powder processing equipment and systems. In order to
develop the next generations of equipment and understand the future needs of the processing industries, Hosokawa engage closely
with academic and industrial partners. These partnerships enable Hosokawa to understand the challenges that are faced in
producing these new materials. These challenges include how these materials can be handled as their physical properties change
rapidly as the particle size of the material decreases, from the micron to the nanometre scale.
At the centre of this R&D work is the Hosokawa Powder Technology Research Institute and this paper will look at some of their
areas of activity in terms of materials being produced and the technologies they are utilizing. Established fifty years ago, the
original aim of the Institute was to further develop powder and particle technology. This initiative continues today. The market
needs higher quality for powder processing in fields such as secondary battery, materials for electronic devices, toner, medicine
and functional foods. Solutions for materials in the environment and energy as well as powder characterisation techniques are also
important.
Other challenges include the HS&E issues in dealing with nanomaterials on a production scale as well as the process control and
understanding of the complex processes used to produce functional nanomaterials and how these are to be scaled up, plus the
application of the Internet-of-Things (I-o-T) to these processes.
The program of research work is conducted on a global basis and discussed at International R&D Meetings where members of the
R&D teams from Japan, Germany, Holland, USA and UK decide upon the research topics and strategy to meet the challenges of
the future technologies.
Keywords Mechano Chemical Bonding (MCB) Flash Creation Method (FCM) Drug Delivery Systems (DDS), Poly Lactic-co-
Glycolic Acid (PGLA)
Acknowledgements Dr Y. Yokoyama, Dr Y.Inoue, Dr H.Tsujimoto Hosokawa Micron Corporation
Prof. M.Naito, Prof. K.Nogi, Prof Y.Tsugi Osaka University
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 5
Plenary (PL-3): Nano materials in Green Technology
Prof. James Clark, Director of the Green Chemistry Centre, York
University, United Kingdom
Increasing demand for consumer goods from an increasing world population is placing enormous strain on the resources needed by
the worlds manufacturing industries. Traditional resources have often been from non-renewable sources located in relatively
accessible regions but these are finite, their exploitation non-sustainable and they are becoming scarce. At the same time, the
wastes generated in manufacturing and in use of the articles of today’s society have been allowed to accumulate in rapidly filling
landfill sites or disposed of in other environmentally harmful ways. The Circular Economy uses an industrial symbiosis approach
to the twin problems of resource and waste by making the latter the solution to the former – waste is the future resource.
Interesting large volume wastes wastes streams include municipal solid waste, food supply chain by-products, and WEEE and
other waste sources of minerals. To fully exploit the chemical potential of these wastes while maintaining environmental
advantage, we need to apply the principles of green chemistry and green engineering and in particular use green chemical
technologies.
New, energy efficient conversion technologies that can convert a wide variety of waste streams into valuable chemicals and energy
include low-temperature microwave processing and benign solvent extraction. Catalysis can also play a powerful role in these
clean technologies, offering a wider range of products obtainable from biomass and other wastes through in- and ex-situ
conversions.
Under carefully controlled conditions microwave processing can be used to capture some of the chemical value from biomass
while valorizing the bulk of the waste into energy products including liquid fuel precursors and high calorific bio-chars. This is a
very versatile biomass conversion technology; it can be preceded by extraction of valuable surface chemicals using supercritical
fluid technology or chemicals can be extracted during the processing such as terpenes from citrus. We have successfully up-scaled
some of our microwave processes to multi-Kg level and are now working with industry to move these technologies towards
commercial scale manufacturing.
Our waste-derived mesoporous materials Starbons® can be used for a variety of purposes in the bio-refinery including catalysis and
separations. They utilize the natural ability of polysaccharides to retain their organized structure on pyrolysis giving a continuum
of materials ranging from starch-like to porous graphitic carbons. Starbons® can be used as heterogeneous catalysis and in
particularly the ability to catalyze the downstream chemistry of bio-derived molecules within fermentation broths, thus reducing
separation costs. In a recent development we have shown that by using the natural ability of some plants to capture and hold metals
at nano-particle levels, we can directly convert plant-waste materials into useful catalysts.
See for examples: Clark, J.H. et al: The potential of microwave technology for the recovery, synthesis and manufacturing of
chemicals from bio-wastes. Catalysis Today, 2015, 239, 80-89; Applications of nanoparticles in biomass conversion to chemicals
and fuels. Green Chemistry, 2014,16, 573-584; Direct microwave assisted hydrothermal depolymerisation of cellulose,
J.Am.Chem.Soc., 2013, 135, 11728-11731.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 6
Plenary (PL-4): Catalysis using supported gold and bimetallic gold containing nanoalloy catalysts
Dr Simon Freakley, Cardiff Catalysis Institute School of Chemistry Cardiff
University Cardiff, UK CF10 3AT
Catalysis is of crucial importance for the manufacture of the goods and infrastructure necessary for the effective wellbeing of
society. Catalysis, and in particular selective redox catalysis, continues to play a key role in the manufacture of chemical
intermediates and there is a continuing requirement to design new effective redox catalysts. The identification that gold in
nanoparticulate form is an exceptionally effective redox catalyst has paved the way for a new class of active catalysts. Alloying
gold with other metals can enhance the activity and these catalysts are effective for reactions such as the oxidation of alcohols and
hydrocarbons as well as the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide.
In this presentation the use of Au as a replacement for the current Hg based catalyst for the large-scale industrial acetylene
hydrochlorination process will be presented. The nature of the active species will be discussed with current research implicating
cationic Au species to be especially relevant in this reaction. The use of Au as a component in bimetallic catalysts has been shown
to greatly enhance reaction rates and selectivity however controlling the composition and size of these bimetallic particles has
remained a key challenge in the synthesis of these materials. Using the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide as a test reaction the
development and design of AuPd nanoalloy catalysts will be discussed. The challenge of controlling the selectivity and suppressing
the over hydrogenation of hydrogen peroxide is a problem that is sensitive to both catalyst composition and particle size. Recently
published results on the replacement of Au in this catalyst system with base metals while maintaining high selectivity towards the
desired product will be discussed.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 7
Keynote (KN-1-01): Porous and Nanostructured Electrodes for Lithium Ion Batteries
Prof. Andreas Stein, Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, USA
This presentation will be divided into two sections, one focusing on the architecture of electrode materials for
lithium ion batteries (LIBs) and the other on potential LIB electrode materials in which charge compensation
involves oxygen ions rather than redox-active transition metal ions.
Electrode materials containing well-defined pores offer interesting features for electrical energy storage
applications. Pores provide good access of electrolyte to the electrode surface; large surface areas facilitate charge
transfer across the electrode/electrolyte interface; nanometer-sized walls reduce path lengths for ion diffusion and
increase utilization of active material.1 The first part of this talk will focus on methods of synthesizing porous
electrode materials for LIBs, using hard and soft templating methods to control the electrode architecture and
distribution of phases in multi-component electrode systems.2 These methods produce bicontinuous structures with
continuous transport paths through the active phase (walls) and the electrolyte phase (pores), yielding improved rate
capabilities for lithiation and delithiation. Furthermore, they allow the preparation of composites of a conductive
scaffold with poorly conducting but otherwise desirable electrode materials to overcome limitations in electrical
conductivity of those materials, increasing the choice of feasible electrode materials. Templating methods can also
provide discrete nanoparticles of active material with uniform size distribution and control placement of active
components in specific regions of a conductive matrix to optimize the performance of porous nanocomposites. 3
The second part will consider LisZrOJC composite materials and doped derivatives of these as potential LIB cathode
materials with high lithium content.• This is a layered material with high lithium ion content. Similar to LiFePO., it
has low electronic and ionic conductivities, but becomes more viable as a cathode material when synthesized in
nanoparticle form in intimate contact with a conducting carbon phase. On the basis of computational and
experimental data we show that delithiation can proceed in topotactic fashion up to 2 Li+ and that grain size and
band gaps can be controlled through doping, which produces isostructural materials. Importantly, charge
compensation during delithiation involves oxygen ions, rather than transition metal atoms, providing an interesting
avenue for charge storage. Hurdles that need to be overcome to improve the practicality of these materials will
also be discussed.
Keywords: lithium ion battery, cathode, anode, porous, nanoparticle
REFERENCES
[1] A. Vu, Y. Qian and A. Stein, "Porous Electrode Materials for Lithium-ion Batteries-How to Prepare
Them and What Makes them Special," Adv. Energy Mater.,2, 1056, 2012.
[2] A. Stein, S. G. Rudisill and N. D. Petkovich, "Perspective on the Influence of Interactions Between
Hard and Soft Templates and Precursors on Morphology of Hierarchically Structured Porous Materials,"
Chem. Mater., 26, 259, 2014.
[3] N.D. Petkovich, B. E. Wilson, S. G. Rudisill and A. Stein, "Titania-Carbon Nanocomposite Anodes
for Lithium Ion Batteries-Effects of Confined Growth and Phase Synergism, " ACS Appl. Mater.
Interfaces, 6, 18215, 2014.
[4] S.Huang, B. Wilson, B.Wang, Y. Fang, K. Buffington, A. Stein and D. G. Truhlar, "Y-doped LisZr06: A
Li-ion Battery Cathode Material with High Capacity," J. Am. Chem. Soc., 137, 10992, 2015.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 8
Keynote (KN-1-02): Harnessing nanomaterials for clean water and energy generation
Dr. Armin Volkel, Senior Scientist, Palo Alto Research Centre, USA,
Nanomaterials and nano-structured materials play an important role in industry, from enabling new material properties, enhancing
processes, or permit novel technologies. Besides their functionality, cost and scalability are main constraints for industry, as these
factors limit the acceptance and availability of the resulting products in the marketplace. The Palo Alto Research Center, which
started as a corporate research center for Xerox, has a long history to deliver novel technologies to potential customers and to
bridge the gap between cool proof-of-concept designs to working and scalable proto-types.
In this presentation I will talk about several examples where the careful design and/or selection of nano materials and nano-
structured materials is a key enabler.
1) In Xerography small plastic particles are delivered in a very controlled way to a substrate and fixed with heat and pressure
to create the final image. These plastic particles are manufactured from nanoparticles and grown (with other nano
particles) into the functional toner material. This process not only reduces the waste of materials as compared to earlier
manufacturing processes, but also allows, through the careful control of the bulk and surface properties of the nano
particles, the optimization of the toner particle for desired image quality at minimized energy and materials cost.
2) Clean water and energy generation are closely linked, as generating either is dependent on the availability of the other.
This is especially visible in desalination, where >3kWh of energy is needed to produce 1 m3 of clean water. PARC has
developed a desalination battery concept that stores electric energy during the desalination process for later re-use. The
ion transport in this process is regulated through membranes, and a careful selection of their properties (pore size,
functional groups) is essential to ensure a high electrical efficiency of this battery.
3) Methane is a powerful greenhouse gas, and can be released at oil and gas wells or pipelines through leaks or faulty seals.
PARC is creating novel printed sensor arrays and integrate them into a system that can quantify and locate methane leaks.
A variety of modified carbon nanotube (CNT) sensors are built into a sensor array that provides a unique methane
“fingerprint” resulting from the responses of each sensor in the array. When employed as a full methane detection system,
this technology will enable significant reductions in the cost associated with identifying, quantifying, and locating
methane leaks compared to currently available technologies.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 9
Keynote (KN-2-01): Evolution of nanoparticle based radiopharmaceuticals for radionuclide imaging
Prof. Phil Blower, Head of Dept. of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, Kings College
London, UK
Radiolabelled particulate materials have been used in clinical radionuclide imaging for almost half a century, dating from before
modern “nanotechnology” became a major discipline.[1] Clinical uses have been largely confined to those in which the particulate
nature of the tracers was key to their role. These included, for example, large biodegradable particles (albumin) for imaging lung
perfusion by physical trapping in capillaries. Smaller particles can be taken up in tumours by the enhanced permeability and
retention (EPR) effect and in cells by phagocytosis[2] for imaging the reticuloendothelial system in liver, spleen and bone
marrow,[3] or transported in lymph vessels for sentinel lymph node imaging prior to cancer surgery.[4,5] These applications all
require incorporation of gamma emitting radionuclides (e.g. Tc-99m) into biocompatible particulate materials. While recent
decades have brought greater control of nanoparticle synthesis, dimensions and properties and greater variety of nanoparticle
composition, clinical applications currently remain confined to these same niche areas. Nevertheless, advances in imaging
instrumentation such as the growth of positron emission tomography (PET) and PET/CT as an additional radionuclide imaging
modality alongside gamma camera imaging have placed new demands on nanoparticle chemistry in nuclear medicine, such as the
need for chemistry to incorporate new positron emitting radionuclides (e.g. F-18,[6,7,8,9] Ga-68, Cu-64,[4] Zr-89). The last decade
has seen the development of new combinations of imaging modalities, creating opportunities for new benefits from nanoparticle
chemistry, by combining radionuclides with MRI contrast (e.g. superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles) and fluorescence to
exploit the complementary advantages of each modality simultaneously.[3,4,7,9,10] This presentation will describe recent
developments from the medical imaging groups at King’s College London, including biocompatible nanoparticulate inorganic
materials with intrinsic affinity for medical radionuclides, combinations of magnetic contrast agents with radionuclides, novel
chemistry for surface incorporation of radionuclides and molecular targeting motifs into inorganic materials, modification to
control blood clearance, and internal radiolabelling of liposome drug delivery vehicles. These innovations support potential clinical
applications in combined modality sentinel lymph node imaging, tracking of cell migration and tumour drug delivery and
radionuclide therapy.
Keywords: radionuclide imaging, PET, radiopharmaceuticals, radioisotopes, SPECT
REFERENCES [1] Williamson P, Chan P-S, Southworth R. Particulate radiopharmaceuticals. In: Sampson’s Textbook of Radiochemistry. Fourth
edn. A. Theobald, Ed. Pharmaceutical Press (London). 2010. Ch. 25, pp. 447-464. [2] McClelland CM, Onuegbulem E, Carter NJ,
Leahy M, O'Doherty MJ, Pooley FD, O'Doherty T, Newsam RJ, Ensing GJ, Blower PJ. Nucl Med Commun 2003;24:191-202. [3]
Torres Martin de Rosales R, Tavaré R, Glaria A, Varma G, Protti A, Blower PJ. Bioconjugate Chem 2011;22:455-465. [4] Torres
Martin de Rosales R, Tavaré R, Paul RL, Jauregui-Osoro M, Protti A, Glaria A, Varma G, Szanda I, Blower PJ. Angew Chem Int
Ed, 2011;123:5623-5627. [5] Brown K, Badar A, Sunassee K, Fernandes MA, Shariff H, Jurcevic S, Blower PJ, Sacks SH, Mullen
GED, Wong W. Amer J Transplantation 2011; 11: 225–234. [6] Cui X, Belo S, Krüger D, Yan Y, Torres Martin De Rosales R,
Jauregui-Osoro M, Ye H, Su S, Mathe D, Kovács N, Horváth I, Semjeni N, SunasseeK, Szigeti K, Green MA, Blower PJ.
Biomaterials 2014;35:5840-5846. [7] Cui X, Green MA, Blower PJ, Zhou D, Yan Y, Zhang W, Djanashvili K, Mathe D, Veres
DS, Szigeti K. Chem Commun 2015;51:9332-9335. [8] Jauregui-Osoro M, Williamson PA, Glaria A, Sunassee K, Charoenphun P,
Green MA, Blower PJ. Dalton Trans. 2011;40:6226-6237. [9] Cui X, Mathe D, Kovács N, Horvath I, Jauregui-Osoro M, Torres
Martin de Rosales R, Mullen GED, Wong W, Yan Y, Krueger D, Khlobystov A, Gimenez-Lopez M, Semjeni M, Szigeti K, Veres
D, Lu H, Hernandez I, Gillin W, Protti A, Petik K, Green MA, Blower PJ. Bioconjugate Chem 2015; in press.
[10] Sandiford L, Phinikaridou A, Protti A, Meszaros LK, Cui X, Yan Y, Frodsham G, Williamson PA, Gaddum N, Botnar RM,
Blower PJ, Green MA, de Rosales RTM. ACSNano 2013; 7:500-512.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 10
Keynote (KN-2-02): Plasmonic and Magnetic NPs for Biomedical Applications
Prof Nguyen TK Thanh, Professor of Nanomaterials
Biophysics Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy and UCL Healthcare
Biomagnetic and Nanomaterials Laboratory, University College London, London, UK
http://www.ntk-thanh.co.uk, Email: [email protected]
In this presentation I will the most recent results of our group on synthesis and functionalisation of nanoparticles for biomedical
applications.
References:
1. R. Hachani, M. Lowdell, M. Birchall, A. Hervault, D. Merts, S. Begin-Colin, N.T.K. Thanh*. (2016) Polyol synthesis,
functionalisation, and biocompatibility studies of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for potential MRI contrast agents.
Nanoscale. DOI: 10.1039/c5nr03867g. Open Access
2. R. M. Pallares, X. Su, S. H. Lim, N. T. K Thanh* (2016) Fine-Tuning Gold Nanorods Dimensions and Plasmonic Properties
Using the Hofmeister Salt Effects. Journal of Material Chemistry C. 4: 53-61. Open access. Front Cover
3. C. Blanco-Andujar, P. Southern, D. Ortega, S.A. Nesbitt, Q.A., Pankhurst and Thanh, N. T. K*. (2016) Real -time tracking of
delayed-onset cellular apoptosis induce d by intracellular magnetic hyperthermia. Nanomedicine. 11: 121-136. Open Access.
4. R. M. Pallares, S. L. Kong, H. R. Tan, Thanh, N.T.K, Y. Lu and X. Su (2015) A plasmonic nanosensor with inverse sensitivity
for circulating cell-free DNA quantification. Chemical Communications. 51, 14524 - 14527
5. L. T. Lu, N. T. Dung, L. D. Tung, C. T. Thanh, O. K Quy, N. V. Chuc and N. T. K. Thanh* (2015) Synthesis of magnetic cobalt
ferrite nanoparticles with controlled morphology, monodispersity and composition: the influence of solvent, surfactant, reductant
and synthetic condition. Nanoscale. 7: 19596-19610. Open Access. Front Cover
6. R. Baber, L. Mazzei, N. T. K. Thanh, A. Gavriilidis (2015) Synthesis of silver nanoparticles in microfluidic coaxial flow
reactors. RSC Advances. 5: 95585-95591. Open Acess
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 11
Keynote (KN-2-03): New biomimetic constructs to prolong in vivo the life span of iron-based MRI/MPI
contrasting agents
Prof. Mauro Magnani, Chief Scientific officer of Erydel Spa, European Society of
Translational Medicine
Antonella Antonelli, Carla Sfara, and Mauro Magnani*
Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Saffi 2, 61029
Urbino (PU), Italy
*Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +390722305211
In the field of nanotechnology, superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) and ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO)
nanoparticles have been developed as novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic particles imaging (MPI)contrasting
agents. Iron oxide nanoparticles, that become superparamagnetic if the core particle diameter is less than 30nm, present R1 and R2
relaxivities much higher than those of conventional paramagnetic gadolinium chelates. Generally, these magnetic particles are
coated with certain biocompatible polymers, such as dextran, which improve their blood distribution profile. In spite of their
potential as blood contrast agents, the biomedical application of iron oxide nanoparticles is still limited because of their short
intravascular half-life since they are rapidly cleared from the bloodstream by macrophages of reticulo-endothelial system (RES).
We have developed and patented a procedure (Fig. 1) for the encapsulation of SPIO nanoparticles into red blood cells (RBCs) as
biomimetic constructs able to prolong the life span of these contrasting agents in the vascular system. By investigating different
SPIO nanoparticles with different chemico-physical characteristics the procedure was optimized and further evaluate in vivo in the
mouse. The results have showed that by the use of biomimetic SPIOs-RBC carriers we are able to prolong the survival of iron-
based contrast agents and that higher Fe concentrations in animal blood circulation are reached when human RBCs are used as
more capable SPIO nanoparticle containers. MPI have confirmed the feasibility of this approach for imaging of the cardiovascular
system [1-3].
Fig.1 Encapsulation of magnetic nanoparticles into red blood cells. Key steps in the procedure: 1Red blood cell (RBC); 2
Addition of superparamagnetic nanoparticles; 3 Hypotonic swelling of RBCs; 4 Resealing; 5 Washing.
Keywords: iron oxide-based nanoparticles, red blood cells (RBCs), in vivo imaging
REFERENCES [1] Antonelli A, Magnani M. Red blood cells as carriers of iron oxide-based contrast agents for diagnostic applications.
J Biomed Nanotechnol. 2014 Sep;10(9):1732-50
[2] Boni A, Ceratti D, Antonelli A, Sfara C, Magnani M, Manuali E, Salamida S, Gozzi A, Bifone A. USPIO-loaded red blood
cells as a biomimetic MR contrast agent: a relaxometric study. Contrast Media Mol Imaging. 2014 May-Jun;9(3):229-36.
[3] Antonelli A, Sfara C, Battistelli S, Canonico B, Arcangeletti M, Manuali E, Salamida S, Papa S, Magnani M.
New strategies to prolong the in vivo life span of iron-based contrast agents for MRI. PLoS One. 2013 Oct 25;8(10):e78542.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 12
Keynote (KN-2-04): Safe and Sustainable Nanotechnology – using toxicology to benefit innovation and
development
Prof. Vicki Stone, Deputy Head of School / Director of Nanosafety / Prof of
Toxicology, School of Life Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Scotland, UK
Nanomaterials are highly diverse. Exploitation of their highly interesting physicochemical characteristics has allowed the
development of a wide range of new and exciting commercial products. When designing a new nanomaterial or nanostructured
material scientists have a wide range of substances to choose from and so what strategy should be employed to allow effective and
efficient development. Obviously assessing the effectiveness of the material relative to the application being developed is key, but
once a short list has been identified, how do you prioritise further?
The physicochemical characteristics that influence how nanomaterials behave also influence how they enter the human body,
interact with cells and molecules, ultimately influencing their potential safety or toxicity (Johnston et al., 2013). Toxicology
studies have revealed that a range of properties such as composition, size, shape and charge can all influence toxicity
(Kermanizadeh et al., In press). This toxicity includes local effects at the point entry into the body (e.g. lungs following
inhalation)(Gosens et al., 2015) as well as at distal sites (e.g. the liver and immune system)(Kermanizadeh et al., 2014). This
presentation will discuss how this information can be used by industry, chemists and material scientists to inform the design
choices for nanomaterials and nanostructured materials as well as the safe handling of nanomaterials.
References:
GOSENS, I., KERMANIZADEH, A., JACOBSEN, N. R., LENZ, A. G., BOKKERS, B., DE JONG, W. H., KRYSTEK,
P., TRAN, L., STONE, V., WALLIN, H., STOEGER, T. & CASSEE, F. R. 2015. Comparative hazard identification by a
single dose lung exposure of zinc oxide and silver nanomaterials in mice. PLoS ONE, 10.
JOHNSTON, H., POJANA, G., ZUIN, S., JACOBSEN, N. R., MOLLER, P., LOFT, S., SEMMLER-BEHNKE, M.,
MCGUINESS, C., BALHARRY, D., MARCOMINI, A., WALLIN, H., KREYLING, W., DONALDSON, K., TRAN, L.
& STONE, V. 2013. Engineered nanomaterial risk. Lessons learnt from completed nanotoxicology studies: potential
solutions to current and future challenges. Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 43, 1-20.
KERMANIZADEH, A., CHAUCHE, C., BALHARRY, D., BROWN, D. M., KANASE, N., BOCZKOWSKI, J.,
LANONE, S. & STONE, V. 2014. The role of Kupffer cells in the hepatic response to silver nanoparticles.
Nanotoxicology, 8, 149-154.
KERMANIZADEH, A., GOSENS, I., JOHNSTON, H., DANIELSON, P. H., JACOBSEN, N. R., LENZ, A. G.,
FERNANDES, T., SCHINS, R. P. F., CASSEE, F. R., WALLIN, H., KREYLING, W., STOEGER, T., LOFT, S.,
MOLLER, P., TRAN, C. L. & STONE, V. In press. A multi-laboratory toxicological assessment of a panel of ten
engineered nanomaterials to human health - ENPRA project - the highlights, the limitations and the current and future
challenges. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health - Part B: Critical Reviews.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 13
Keynote (KN-3-01): How does your Nanoporous Crystal Grow?
Prof. Micheal Anderson, Director of Centre for Nanoporous Materials
Centre for Nanoporous Materials, School of Chemistry, The University of
Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
The framework structures of nanoporous crystals are varied and complex and the solutions from which the crystals grow a soup of
hundreds of pre-nucleation species each competing for supremacy. Yet conditions can normally be found under which it is
possible to prepare a pure phase where there is one clear winner. Just as with “click chemistry” where a reaction outcome is highly
predictable based on usually just one parameter the rules for selection of a nanoporous material must similarly be few and simple.
Extracting simple rules is achieved through Monte Carlo modelling of experimental observables, such as atomic force
micrographs, and shows that the closed-cage structures inherent in many nanoporous materials, whether zeolites, metal-organic
frameworks, aluminophosphates etc., act as the rate-determining entities for crystal growth and probably, by inference, for
nucleation. These simple rules are transferrable to all crystal systems whether framework materials, molecular crystals or ionic
crystals.
Key words: Nanoporous; crystal growth; AFM; Monte Carlo
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 14
Keynote (KN-3-02): Nano Applications & its Industrialization: Nano Product Development &
Research Overview of Tata Chemicals Innovation Center, Pune, India
Dr Debabrata Rautaray, Senior Scientist -Advance Materials & Green Chemistry
Division at Tata Innovation Centre, Tata Chemicals Ltd., Pune, India
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
My presentation will focus on nanotechnology based commercialisation efforts at the Tata Chemicals Innovation Centre. Over the past 5 years, our efforts have resulted in the development of distinctive nano-enabled product variants. Our research group focuses on wet chemistry and biological routes for the nanomaterial synthesis, surface functionalization of the same and customization of these nanomaterials for structural and functional applications. Additionally, we have developed a versatile capability to use multiple raw materials and produce customised nano-enabled products for a wide range of specialized applications such as water purification, tyre reinforcement, paints, construction, auto composites, tooth pastes, cosmetics, and as a carrier for vitamins and minerals for food application. Company Information A part of the over US$ 100 billion Tata Group, TATA Chemicals Limited in its 77th year, is a global company with interests in businesses focus on LIFE - Living, Industrial and Farm Essentials. TCL has been rated by Superbrands as one of the top 10% in business and consumer brands across all industry and consumer brand categories in India. TCL is the pioneer and market leader in India's branded iodised salt segment. Extending its portfolio from salt to other essential foods, TCL unveiled India's first national brand of pulses in 2010. With the introduction of innovative cost-effective nanotechnology based water purifiers; it is providing affordable, safe drinking water to the masses. More information about the company can be found on www.tatachemicals.com
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 15
Keynote (KN-3-03): Metal-Carbon framework: through a control of catalyst synthesis at the molecular
level
Prof. Philippe Serp, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Toulouse,
France
Faqieng Leng,1 Rosa Axet,1 Iann Gerber,2 Philippe Serp1,* 1Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, composante ENSIACET, 4 allée Emile Monso,
BP 44099, F-31030 Toulouse Cedex 4, France 2Université de Toulouse; INSA, UPS, CNRS; LPCNO (IRSAMC), 135 avenue de Rangueil,
F-31077 Toulouse, France *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +33(0)534323572
A plethora of reports exists on the functionalization of nanostructured carbon materials with metal particles. Metallic NPs have
been associated to CNTs,[1] graphene,[2] fullerenes,[3] and even nanodiamonds.[4] However, the main limitation of these assemblies,
such as for all metal supported heterogeneous catalysts, is the complete absence of a control of their organization, i.e. the metallic
NPs are randomly distributed on the surface of the nanocarbons. Consequently, it is often extremely difficult to achieve a high
metal loading with small metal NP size, which is detrimental to many applications such as fuel cells, sensors or gas storage.
Additionally, the distance between NPs being not controlled, their properties are far from being optimized. Indeed, it has for
example been shown that the proximity of NPs may affect their catalytic performances and their stability. [5] Inspired by Metal-
Organic Frameworks (MOFs), and Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs), we have developed a totally original family of hybrid
materials, named metal-carbon frameworks (MECAF), associating in a controlled manner and through covalent bonds, sp2–C
nanostructured carbon materials with metallic NPs. Such a groundbreaking material assembly is very innovative, and the potential
for scientific and technological progresses is enormous. Specifically for catalysis, this material should combine: i) a controlled NP
size, ii) an atomically-defined environment for the NPs, iii) a covalent interaction with the support, and iv) a high porosity and a
highly dense surface area availability of the catalytic centers.
Keywords: fullerene, nanoparticles, ruthenium, nanocatalyst
REFERENCES [1] V. Georgakilas, D. Gournis, et al, J. Mater. Chem. 2007, 17, 2679.
[2] P. T. Yin, T.-H. Kim, et al, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2013, 15, 12785.
[3] a) I. I. S. Lim, J. Ouyang, et al, Chem. Mater. 2005, 17, 6528; b) A. V. Talyzin, A. Dzwilewski, et al, Carbon 2007, 45,
2564.
[4] P. Subramanian, Y. Coffinier, et al, Electrochimica Acta 2013, 110, 4.
[5] a) P. Munnik, P. E. de Jongh, et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 7333; b) G. Prieto, J. D. Meeldijk, et al, J. Catal. 2013,
303, 31; c) G. Prieto, M. Shakeri, et al, ACS Nano 2014, 8, 2522; d) G. Prieto, J. Zečević, et al, Nat. Mater. 2013, 12, 34.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 16
GL-1-01 (Ref: abstract 1-018)
CO2 Capture and Fixation over Organic and Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Porous Nanomaterials
Asim Bhaumik
Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur
Kolkata 700 032, India
Wide scale research efforts have been focused over last one decade for developing high performance CO2 sequestrating material
which can control the anthropogenic emission of CO2 in atmosphere as its progressive increase in concentration causing global
warming.1 A wide range of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) have been synthesized from either zinc(II) or cobalt(II) and
imidazolate/imidazolate- type linkers and these materials have showed exceptionally high CO2 uptakes at 273 K.2 In this context
we have designed an iron containing porous organic polymers (Fe-POPs) by a facile one-pot bottom-up approach to porphyrin
chemistry involving extended aromatic substitution reaction between pyrrole and aromatic dialdehydes in the presence of small
amount of Fe(III). The Fe-POPs possess very high BET surface area, large micropores and showed excellent CO2 capture (ca. 19
wt%) at 273 K and 1 bar pressure. We have also designed a new triazine functionalized hexagonally ordered covalent organic
polymer (TRITER-1) via Schiff-base condensation reaction between a tailor made triamine 1,3,5-tris-(4-aminophenyl) triazine
(TAPT) and terephthaldehyde and this ordered porous polymer showed excellent CO2 uptake capacity of ca. 58.9 wt% at 273 K
under 5 bar pressure.3 Very recently, we have designed a zinc-salen functionalized porous polymer (Zn@SBMMP) with high zinc
content (15.3 wt%) by an easy one-step process, which showed unprecedented catalytic efficiency in the CO2 fixation reaction via
cycloaddition of CO2 with epoxides.4 We proposed that the high density of Zn-Schiff base/salen units present in the porous
polymer network is responsible for the exceptionally high catalytic performance of Zn@SBMMP in the CO2 fixation reactions.
References
(1) D'Alessandro, D. M.; Smit, B.; Long, J. R. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 6058.
(2) Banerjee, R.; Phan, A; Wang, B.; Knobler, C.; Furukawa, H.; O'Keeffe, M.; Yaghi, O. M. Science, 2008, 319, 939.
(3) Modak, A; Nandi, M.; Mondal, J.; Bhaumik, A. Chem. Commun. 2012, 48, 248.
(4) Gomes, R.; Bhanja, P.; Bhaumik, A. Chem. Commun. 2015, 51, 10050.
(5) Bhunia, S.; Molla, R. A.; Kumari, V.; Islam, S. M.; Bhaumik, A. Chem. Commun. 2015, 51, 15732.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 17
GL-1-02 (Ref: abstract 1-013)
NanoMaterials - Separation Science and the Nuclear Industry
Professor Harry Eccles
School of Physical Sciences & Computing, University of Central Lancashire, United Kingdom
The majority of the nuclear reactors (~450) operating worldwide is based on the uranium fuel cycle; this cycle is essentially a
sequence of uranium separation processes. This presentation will describe the processes involved and how nano-materials could
contribute to the development of new processes/products.
Uranium occurs naturally in the earth’s crust; in fact it is as common as tin/zinc (~3ppm). Its occurrence is associated with oxides,
phosphates, carbonate, and complexes with cations such as titanium and vanadium (proven reserves about 6million te). The two
most important uranium isotopes that occur naturally are U-238 (99.2%) and U-235 (0.71%).To satisfy today’s reactors requires
some 66,000 te/a of uranium to be mined, which based on an uranium ore composition of 10,000ppm (medium grade ore body)
requires 6.6 x 106 te of uranium ore to be mined and the uranium to be extracted. The extraction processes is based on leaching
uranium from the ore body with dilute sulphuric acid and recovering the uranium as uranyl sulphate complex from the acid
leachate using either a liquid-liquid extraction or an ion exchange process or a combination of the two. The product from the
mining/milling operations is uranium ore concentrate (UOC) in which uranium is about 99% pure, but not sufficient to
manufacture reactor fuel. This UOC is further purified at the refinery (such BNFL Springfields pre-1990s) to remove neutron
poisons such as Cd, B, Hf, rare earths (Gd, Eu) and other metals (Cr, V, W) that behave similar to U prior to its conversion to
uranium hexafluoride (UF6).
UF6 is key to the enrichment of U-235 from its natural composition (0.71%) to about 3.5% necessary for today’s light water
reactors (LWRs). This enrichment is achieved by either gaseous diffusion or centrifugation at the enrichment plant. The enriched
U-235 uranium hexafluoride is converted to a ceramic oxide (UO2) and pressed into pellets before insertion into fuel pins and the
pins into fuel assemblies. A 1100MWe PWR will have 193 assemblies containing 50,000 fuel pins holding about 126 UO2te and
approximately 25-30 UO2te is removed/replaced each year/reactor.
In a nuclear reactor U-235 undergoes nuclear fission producing heat, more neutrons and fission products whilst U-238 undergoes
neutron capture producing actinides such as neptunium, plutonium and americium. Reprocessing of nuclear fuel requires the
separation of U and Pu from the fission products and these other actinide elements. The PUREX process which has been used for
reprocessing of nuclear fuel for more than 50 years and is based on a liquid-liquid extraction process which achieves a process
separation efficiency of >99.99%.
Process wastes and residues are produced at all stages of the nuclear fuel cycle (NFC) and a variety of separation processes are
used to ensure these wastes can be stored and /or disposed of safely.
The next fleet of nuclear reactors to be built in the UK and worldwide are GEN III reactors which will operate for 60 years or more
and under higher reactor conditions (higher burn up). Consequently nano-materials are being evaluated as these conditions will
require fuel and processes to meet more stringent conditions.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 18
GL-1-03 (Ref: abstract 1-031)
Microbial challenges in water supply - maintaining sage water in buildings
Mr. Gary Hogben,
Technical Manager, Feedwater Ltd., Wirral, United Kingdom
Public water supplies in the developed world are normally required to meet one microbiological standard - the absence of faecal
contamination. This is normally measured testing for so-called indicator organisms - E. coli (and other coliforms) and enterococci.
This approach has been highly successful in preventing enteric disease, but treated water may still contain many thousands of other
micro-organisms per ml.
Some of these very common waterborne micro-organisms have been implicated in causing or exacerbating other diseases and are
causing increasing concern, especially in healthcare settings. This presentation will discuss the importance of these pathogens,
together with current UK and European guidelines for prevention of infection. The organisms include:
Legionella - The causative agent of Legionnaires disease
Pseudomonas aeruginosa – a potentially devastating opportunistic infection
Burkholderia cepacia complex and Stenotrophomonas maltophila – causing serious infections in the immuno-
compromised patient
Mycobacterium avium complex – an emerging tuberculosis-like pathogen
We will also consider the possible use and application of new nanomaterial composites to aid control and reduce infection, and
discuss the concept of control vs elimination.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 19
GL-2-01 (Ref: abstract 2-007)
Approaches towards high-throughput production of cell-targeting magnetic nanostructures
R. H. C. López,1,2 T. W. Fallows,1,2 J. E. Gough3 and S. J. Webb1,2*
1 University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, UK. 2 School of Chemistry, University of Manchester,
Oxford Road, Manchester, UK. 3 School of Materials, The University of Manchester, MSS Tower
Manchester M13 9PL, UK. *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +44(0)1613064524
ABSTRACT
Nano-structured self-assembled biomaterials that are able to provide chemical cues for cells upon demand will have enormous
potential in cell culture and tissue engineering. One key area for development is spatiotemporal control over the remotely induced
release of chemical signals entrapped in these materials, which will induce cultured cells to form structures reminiscent of tissue.
To this end, we have developed a magnetically-triggered drug delivery system, magnetic nanoparticle-vesicle assemblies
(MNPVs),1,2,3 and incorporated these assemblies into hydrogel biomaterials. MNPVs consist of nanocontainers (~0.8 µm diameter
phospholipid vesicles) with stored drugs, which are cross-linked by iron oxide nanoparticles to create functional supramolecular
constructs. The unique properties of nanosized magnetite fulfil two critical roles: (a) they allow magnetic manipulation of MNPVs
and objects linked to them; (b) they allow non-destructive release of vesicle contents by an alternating magnetic field (AMF). As
oscillating or permanent magnetic fields do not affect most cells, such remote control over release has exciting applications both in
vitro and in vivo.
We have incorporated MNPVs into hydrogels to generate “smart” biomaterials able to translate magnetic signals into biological
responses, providing spatiotemporal control within a three-dimensional in vitro cell culture environment.4,5 However a key
challenge is to provide these nanosystems with the capability to selectively bind to particular cell types, especially providing this
cell-targeting functionality in a versatile and high-throughput manner. Our recent approaches to adding cell targeting capability to
vesicles, nanoparticles and MNPVs will be described.
Keywords: magnetic nanoparticles, phospholipid vesicles, cell targeting.
REFERENCES [1] Mart, R. J.; Liem, K. P.; Webb, S. J. Chem. Commun. 2009, 2287-2289.
[2] Mart, R. J.; Liem, K. P.; Webb, S. J. Pharm. Res. 2009, 26, 1701-1710.
[3] de Cogan, F.; Booth, A.; Gough, J. E.; Webb, S. J. Soft Matter 2013, 9, 2245-2253.
[4] de Cogan, F.; Booth, A.; Gough, J. E.; Webb, S. J. Angew. Chem. Intl. Ed. Engl. 2011, 50, 12290-12293.
[5] Booth, A.; Pintre, I. C.; Lin, Y.; Gough, J.; Webb, S. J. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2015, 17, 15579-15588.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 20
GL-2-02 (Ref: abstract 2-015)
Smart Materials: Advances in Protein-based Molecularly Imprinted Polymers
S.M. Reddy1,2*, H.F. EL-Sharif1, D. Stevenson1, S. Kalluru3 and H. Yapati3
1University of Surrey, Guildford, UK; 2University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK; 3Sri Venkateswara Univeristy *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +44(0)1483686396
ABSTRACT
We have developed hydrogel-based molecularly imprinted polymers (HydroMIPs) for the memory imprinting of proteins and for
protein biosensor development [1]. The molecular imprint remains as a memory effect in the gel after the protein is removed, and
the remaining cavity exhibits selective rebinding of said protein. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have become an
important tool in the preparation of artificial and robust recognition materials that are capable of mimicking natural systems.
Hydrogel-based molecularly imprinted polymers (HydroMIPs) were prepared for several proteins using a family of acrylamide-
based monomers. Protein affinity towards the HydroMIPs was investigated under equilibrium conditions and over a range of
concentrations using specific binding with Hill slope saturation profiles. We report HydroMIP binding affinities, in terms of
equilibrium dissociation constants (Kd) within the micro-molar range (25±4 µM, 44±3 µM and 17 ±2 µM for haemoglobin,
myoglobin and catalase respectively within a polyacrylamide-based MIP) [2]. The extent of non-specific binding or cross-
selectivity for non-target proteins has also been assessed. We have used atomic force spectroscopy to characterize molecular
interactions in the MIP cavities using protein-modified AFM tips. Attractive and repulsive force curves were obtained for the MIP
and NIP (non-imprinted polymer) surfaces (under protein loaded or unloaded states). Our force data suggest that we have produced
selective cavities for the template protein in the MIPs and we have been able to quantify the extent of non-specific protein binding
on, for example, a NIP control surface. For the first time, we have also coded the MIPs with a covalently-bound redox tag [3] in
order to elicit a direct electrochemical signal in the event of selective protein binding. GC and SPE probes were used for signal
transduction and imprinting determination. Co(II)-complex-based MIPs exhibited 92±1% specific binding with protein binding
capacities of 5.7±0.45 mg BSA/g polymer and imprinting factors (IF) of 14.8±1.9 (MIP/ non-imprinted (NIP) control). The
selectivity of our Co(II)-coded BSA MIPs were also tested using bovine haemoglobin (BHb), lysozyme (Lyz), and trypsin (Tryp).
By evaluating imprinting factors (K), each of the latter proteins was found to have lower affinities in comparison to cognate BSA
template. In summary, MIP technologies could provide an inexpensive, fast, and efficient diagnostic sensor platform highly
sensitive, in-situ analysis of biologicals for both environmental and biomedical applications. The authors acknowledge UKIERI
(IND/CONT/R/12-13/779), the British Council and DST (India) and NERC and RSC_ACTF (NE/J01/7671) for funding this
project.
Keywords: MIP, molecularly imprinted polymers, protein, biosensors, force spectroscopy, plastic antibodies
REFERENCES [1] D. Hawkins, D Stevenson and S. Reddy, Anal. Chim. Acta, 542, 61, 2005.
[2] H. EL-Sharif, D. Hawkins, D. Stevenson and S. Reddy, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys, 16(29), 15483, 2014.
[3] H. EL-Sharif, H. Yapati, S. Kalluru and S. Reddy, Acta Biomat., 28, 121, 2015.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 21
GL-2-03 (Ref: abstract 2-011)
A New GMP-compatible Radiolabelling Method Enables Long Term in vivo PET Tracking of
Preformed Liposomal Nanomedicines
S. Edmonds1, A. Volpe 1, H. Shmeeda2, A.C. Parente-Pereira3, L.K. Meszaros1, J. Bagunya-Torres1, I. Szanda1, P.J.
Blower1, J. Maher3, G. Fruhwirth1, A. Gabizon1,2, R. T. M. de Rosales1*
1 King's College London, Division of Imaging Sciences & Biomedical Engineering, London, United Kingdom 2 Shaare Zedek Medical Center and Hebrew University, Oncology Institute, Jerusalem, Israel 3 King's College London, Department of Research Oncology, London, United Kingdom
* Email: [email protected]
Introduction. Quantitative imaging methods for tracking liposomal drug nanocarriers in vivo are of high interest in nanomedicine.
In this context, PET imaging, with its excellent quantification properties, could be used to predict treatment efficacy and the
stratification of patients into different treatment regimes [1,2]. To date, however, methods to radiolabel liposomal drugs with
metallic PET isotopes have relied in the introduction of chelators to the lipid bilayer or by co-encapsulation with the drug. Both
methods represent a significant barrier for clinical translation of preformed liposomal drugs.
We hypothesised that it should be possible to radiolabel preformed liposomal drugs, without modification of their components, if
the encapsulated drug has metal-chelating properties. Here we demonstrate this method based on metastable cell labelling
agents and its application for monitoring and quantifying drug biodistribution using PET in two murine cancer models.
Methods. Preformed liposomal nanocarriers (liposomal alendronate (PLA) and liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil/Caelyx)) where
labelled with 89Zr (t1/2 = 3.2 d, 23% +) and 64Cu (t1/2 = 13 h, 17% +) using cell membrane metal ionophores (hydroxyquinolines).
Radiolabelling yields and in vitro stabilities were calculated using size exclusion chromatography. PET/SPECT-CT imaging was
performed in murine models of breast cancer (MTLn3E-hNIS) and ovarian cancer (SKOV3). Ex vivo biodistribution studies were
performed at the end of the imaging studies.
Results. Radiolabelling yields of up to >98% with specific activities in ranges as high as 100 GBq/mol of encapsulated
drug (89Zr) were achieved. Empty liposomes, with the same phospholipid composition and hydrodynamic size as PLA/Doxil, did
not radiolabel. In vitro stabilities in human serum were >85-95% after 48 h at 37°C. 89Zr/64Cu-PLA were imaged in murine tumour
models of breast (MTLn3E-hNIS) and ovarian cancer (SKOV-3) for up to 7 days (89Zr-PLA) or 2 days (64Cu-PLA). Radioactivity
at the end of the studies was mainly found in the spleen, liver, primary tumour (5-10% ID/g) and blood (8-10% ID/g). Interestingly,
in the MTLn3E-hNIS model, uptake in metastatic organs such as the sentinel lymph nodes, ascertained by SPECT reporter gene
imaging, was significantly higher (16% ID/g) than in non-metastatic and control lymph nodes (6% ID/g).
Conclusions. A new, highly efficient and stable method to radiolabel preformed liposomes with PET radiometals has been
developed. Liposomes radiolabelled using this method can be tracked in vivo using PET imaging for at least 7 days allowing
quantification and biodistribution measurements of liposomal drugs. Our technology is GMP-compatible and we are working
towards translating it for human use in conjunction with clinically approved liposomal anti-cancer drugs.
References: [1] S. Kunjachan, J. Ehling, et al., Noninvasive Imaging of Nanomedicines and Nanotheranostics: Principles,
Progress, and Prospects. Chem. Rev., 115, 10907, 2015.; [2] Laverman, P.; Boerman, O. C., et al., Radiolabeling of liposomes for
scintigraphic imaging. Methods in Enzymology, 373, 234. 2003.
Acknowledgement This project was funded by the King’s College London and UCL Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre funded by the CRUK and
EPSRC in association with the MRC and DoH (England).
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 22
GL-2-04 (Ref: abstract 2-008)
Liposome Delivery to the Lung: Four Decades of Research
A. Elhissi1, W. Ahmed2, D.A. Phoenix3 and K.M.G. Taylor4
1Pharmaceutical Sciences Section, College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; 2School of
Medicine, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK; 3Office of the Vice Chancellor, London South
Bank University, 103 Borough Road, London SE1 0AA, United Kingdom; 4UCL-College of Pharmacy, University
College London, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected] or [email protected]; Tel No. +974 4403 5632
ABSTRACT
Dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), cholesterol and cholesteryl esters are major constituents in mammalian pulmonary
surfactants, justifying the interest in delivering liposomes for the treatment or protection against respiratory distress syndrome
(RDS) [1, 2]. However, later on, it was found that inhalation of liposomes can localize the action of entrapped drug in the lung,
resulting in reduced potential of systemic adverse effects. Amongst inhalation devices, nebulizers have shown to be the most
successful at delivering therapeutic quantities of liposome-entrapped drug in “respirable” fractions [3-7]. Unfortunately, the
shearing provided during nebulization to convert liposome dispersions into aerosol is deleterious to the physical stability of
liposomes, causing fragmentation of the vesicles with concomitant leakage of the entrapped hydrophilic material [8, 9]. It has been
found that reducing the size of liposomes prior to nebulization, enriching the liposome formulation with cholesterol [8] or using
phospholipids with high phase transition temperature (e.g. DPPC) [6] may minimize the instability of liposomes, resulting in
enhanced pulmonary retention of the entrapped drug. Whilst this is the case for entrapped hydrophilic materials, the detrimental
effect of nebulization on the retained entrapment of hydrophobic drugs is limited, despite fragmentation of the liposomes during
aerosolization [4]. Finally, vibrating-mesh nebulizers have shown advantages over conventional jet and ultrasonic devices in terms
of stability of liposomes and ability to customize the devices to deliver doses to certain regions in the respiratory tract [9]. This
presentation will involve the experience of four decades of research in this field and two inhalable liposome formulations in
advanced development stage, namely Arikace® and Pulmaquin® will be discussed, and their potential will be evaluated taking into
account the research conducted within our research group and by other research investigators.
Keywords: Inhalation, Liposome, Nebulizer, Phospholipid, Stability
REFERENCES [1] H. Ivey, S. Roth, J. Kattwinkel. Paed Res, 11, 573, 1977.
[2] Y. Morimoto, Y. Adachi. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 30, 2248-2251, 1982.
[3] K.M.G. Taylor, G. Taylor, I.W. Kellaway, J. Stevens. Pharm Res, 6, 633-636, 1989.
[4] M. Saari, M.T. Vidgren, M.O. Koskinen, V.M.H. Turjanmaa, M.M. Nieminen. Int J Pharm, 181, 1-9, 1999.
[5] A.M.A. Elhissi, K.M.G. Taylor. J Drug Del Sci Tech, 15, 261-265, 2005.
[6] J.P. Clancy, L. Dupont, M.W. Konstan, J. Billings, S. Fustik, C.H. Goss, J. Lymp, P. Minic, A.L. Quittner, R.C. Rubenstein,
K.R. Young, L. Saiman, J.L. Burns, J.R. Govan, B. Ramsey, R. Gupta. Thorax, 68, 818-825, 2013.
[7] Z. Ehsan, J.D. Wetzel, J.P. Clancy. Expert Opin Investig Drugs, 23, 743-749, 2014.
[8] K.M.G. Taylor, G. Taylor, I.W. Kellaway, J. Stevens, Int J Pharm, 58, 57-61, 1990.
[9] A.M.A. Elhissi, M. Faizi, W.F. Naji, H.S. Gill, K.M.G. Taylor. Int J Pharm, 334, 62-70, 2007
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 23
GL-2-05 (Ref: abstract 2-014)
Bacterial viability on multi-scaled functional silicon nanotopographies
A. Susarrey-Arce, I. Sorzabal-Bellido, A. Oknianska, A. J. Beckett, J. G. E. Gardeniers, R. M. Tiggelaar, Y.
A. Diaz Fernandez*, R. Raval
1Open Innovation Hub for Antimicrobial Surfaces at the Surface Science Research Centre and Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool,
Oxford Street, UK L69 3BX, Liverpool, 2Biomedical EM Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, Crown Street, University of Liverpool, L69 3BX,
Liverpool, 3Mesoscale Chemical Systems, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500AE Enschede, The
Netherlands, 4NanoLab Cleanroom, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500AE Enschede, The
Netherlands *Presenting author e-mail: [email protected]; Tel No. +44 (0) 1517 943 884
ABSTRACT Bacteria are one of the most abundant forms of life on our planet, and display a natural tendency to adhere onto surfaces as a self-defense and
proliferation mechanism [1]. After initial colonization of the surface, bacterial colonies experience a change of the metabolic activity that
ultimately leads to the formation of complex multicellular structures, known as biofilms, featuring a high level of defense against antimicrobial
agents. Preventing bacterial adhesion on surfaces is a powerful strategy to control biofilm formation, reducing contamination of indwelling
medical devices [2]. A number of strategies show promising antibacterial properties with both chemical and physical functionalities at surfaces.
In this work we fabricate and characterize multi-scaled functional nanotopographies with three levels of functionalization (see scheme 1): (I)
topographical functionality in the form of silicon nanowires (SiNWs), (II) covalent chemical modification with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane
(APTES), and (III) incorporation of chlorhexidine digluconate (CHD). We studied cell viability of two model microorganisms (S. aureus and E.
coli) on SiNWs, and on SiNWs functionalized with APTES. We identified two different growth modes producing distinctively 2D and 3D
multicellular structures for the tested bacterial strains [3, 4]. We also show that SiNWs can be used as carriers for the effective release of CHD to
reduce the number of planktonic cells and the surface-attached microorganisms.
APTES CHD
Planktonic cell viability(CFU/mL)
Surface cell viability (Live/Dead)
Surface morphology (SEM)
On surface
In solution
SiNWs
I II III
Scheme 1. Side-view SEM-images of SiNWs (grey) functionalized with APTES (blue) and APTES loaded with CHD (orange). In
the dashed open-black box: CFU/mL colony counting of planktonic viable cells cultured over SiNWs samples. Analysis of
bacterial cell viability on surfaces (dashed open-purple box) was performed by Live/Dead staining followed by confocal
microscopy. Morphology of attached cells attached to surfaces was examined by SEM.
Keywords: antimicrobial surfaces, silicon nanowires, topographical functionalities and biocide release
REFERENCES [1] M. Wilkins, L. Hall-Stoodley, R. N. Allan, and S. N. Faust, Journal of Infection 69(S1), S47, 2014
[2] Biofilms, medical devices, and antibiofilm technology: Key messages from a recent public workshop, American Journal of
Infection Control 43, 2, 2015
[3] T. A. Cameron, J. R. Zupan, and P. C. Zambryski, Trends in Microbiology 23(6), 347, 2015
[4] P. J. B. Brown, D. T. Kysela, and Y. V. Brun, Semin. Cell. Dev. Biol. 22(8), 790, 2011
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 24
GL-2-06 (Ref: abstract 2-044)
NANOMEDICINE IN ANTIMALARIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
Kamalinder K Singh Professor of Pharmaceutical technology and drug delivery
School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire,
Preston, PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
E-mail: [email protected]
Malaria is a global health priority with more than 3 billion people at risk of acquiring the disease. Treating malaria has become
greatest challenge despite of all the advances in technology and innovations. The main reason for failure of the current
conventional chemotherapy is development of multiple-drug resistance and non-specific targeting to intracellular parasite, which
result in high doses of therapeutic agents and their related toxicities. Targeting approach for malaria-infected erythrocytes using
nanosystems open new doors for the treatment of the disease. The goal of the malaria therapy is targeting the infected RBCs to
achieve high intra cellular drug concentration. In order to reach the set goal the carrier system should be able to cross multiple
membrane barriers to access the intraparasitic target. We have developed nanoparticles, which show selective entry into infected
RBCs but not into normal RBCs. This presentation will discuss development and optimization of biodegradable artemether
nanoparticles using Quality by Design (QbD) approach for targeting parasitized RBCs. The nanoparticles have shown enhanced
antimalarial efficacy using P. falciparum and P. berghei species in-vitro and in-vivo respectively with potential use in treatment of
severe malaria.
References:
1. D. A. Fidock, R. T. Eastman, S. A. Ward; Recent highlights in antimalarial drug resistance and chemotherapy research;
Trends Parasitol; 24; 2008; 537-544.
2. G. A. Biagini, S. A. Ward, P. G. Bray; Malaria parasite transporters as a drug-delivery strategy; Trends Parasitol; Vol. 21;
2005; 299-301.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 25
GL-3-01 (Ref: abstract 3-001)
Methanol photocatalytic oxidation in water with Fe/SBA-15 catalysts
N. Tabaja1, S. Casale1, D. Brouri1, A. Davidson1, J. Toufaily3, T. Hamieh3, R. Cole4 and S. Sladkevich4
1Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, UMR CNRS 7197, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 3 rue Galilée, 94200 Ivry/Seine, France ; 2,3 Faculté
de Génie Agronomique et de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université Libanaise, Dekwaneh, Beyrouth, Liban ; 3Laboratoire des Matériaux, Catalyse,
Environnement et Méthodes Analytiques (MCEMA), École doctorale des sciences et technologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libanaise,
Hadath, Beyrouth, Liban ; 4Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Sorbonne Université, UMR 8232; 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05,
France *Presenting author’s details: Anne Davidson, UPMC Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +33(1)44274296
ABSTRACT. We have prepared iron oxide quantum dots dispersed on SBA-15 silica grains to help in the design of efficient
photocatalysts under visible excitation. The obtained results could be of importance in photocatalysis and also in other fields, in
particular for photo-polymerization in a confined environment.
Keywords: photocatalysis, oxidation, alcohol, visible light
MAIN TEXT. Selected conditions (initial pH; with and without a long maturation at 35°C; with or without a condensation
treatment at 130°C, 33h) are used to obtain 6 distinct and well-ordered mesoporous SBA-15 silicas grains with several sizes and
shapes and differing mainly by the connections existing between their main mesopores (as characterized by N2 sorption, SAXS,
TEM). A given amount of Fe-salt (12 wt of iron %; Fe (NO3)3.9H2O or FeCl3.6H2O) is dispersed using the two-solvent technique
and converted into oxide by a calcination performed in air and at 700°C (2°C/min and quenching) [2]. The distribution of Fe-oxide
quantum dots is heterogeneous but it is possible to distinguish Fe-loaded calcined silica samples enriched in: 1) external iron oxide
nanoparticles (Figure 1A) formed by diffusion through silica walls, 2) internal (replicated) iron oxide particles. Among internal
nanoparticles, experimental conditions can be adapted to obtain more bundles of attached nanoparticles (Figure 1B) or more
dispersed nanoparticles grown in a single mesopore (Figure 1C).
Figure 1. A) MEB micrographs of 2M_Fe(12)_HEX_Cl, external QD; B) and C) ultrathin sections of 2M_Fe(12)_CYC_NO3 and
0.3M_Fe(12)_CYC_NO3, internal QD, bundles or isolated. On the micrograph (B) the silica grain is cut parallel to the main axis
of mesopores. On the micrograph (C), the silica grain is cut perpendicularly.
With the obtained Fe/SBA-15 catalysts, photo-oxidation of methanol is studied under visible light excitation (with H2O2, at pH
2.3). Formaldehyde is the main product of the reaction but this product detected amount is by far lower than the value of carbon
remaining in solution detected by TOC measurements. Other products have then to be considered. Traces of formic acid are
detected by GC-MS in the gas phase in equilibrium with a solid after test and indicate that this carboxylic acid and /or the parent
formate cation remains trapped on the catalyst surface. Three additional observations are made:
Large internal replicated bundles of attached quantum-dots formed inside silica grains have enhanced photocatalytic
properties compared to more dispersed nanoparticles.
Similar catalytic properties are evidenced with bundles of attached nanoparticles occluded inside silica grains and after
silica dissolution in a basic aqueous solution and this suggests that the silica walls are transparent to visible light.
In the used experimental conditions, iron-leaching is important.
REFERENCES [1] Zhao. D.; Feng. J.; Huo. Q.; Melosh. N.; Fredrickson. G. H.; Chmelka, B. F.; Stucky. G. D.;”Triblock copolymer syntheses of
mesoporous silica with periodic 50 to 300 angstrom pores” Science, 279, 548-552, 1998.
[2] Cornu. C.; Bonardet. J.L.; Casale. S.; Davidson. A.; Andre. G.; Porcher. F.; Gric. I.; Tomasic. V.; Vujevic. D.; Koprivanac. N.;”Identification and Location of Iron Species in Fe/SBA-15 Catalysts: Interest for Catalytic Fenton Reactions”; J. Phys. Chem. C., 2012, 116, 3437-3448.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 26
SL-01
Nanotechnology funding under Horizon 2020
Mr. Ian Devine
European Advisor for UKRO, United Kingdom
An overview of nanotechnology funding opportunity under EU Horizon 2020 programme will be presented.
More information about the Horizon 2020 programme can be found in the following links:
http://ec.europa.eu/programmes/horizon2020/en/h2020-section/nanotechnologies-advanced-materials-
advanced-manufacturing-and-processing-and
https://ec.europa.eu/programmes/horizon2020/
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 27
SL-02
An overview of nano and nano-biotechnology research at UCLan, Preston
Dr. Tapas Sen
Lead, Nano-biomaterials Research Group, www.senlabs.org
School of Physical Sciences and Computing
University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
Tel: +44(0)1772894371, Fax: +44(0)1772894981, Email: [email protected]
The fabrication of nanoporous / nanoparticulate composites and their applications via surface patterning with chemicals and bio-
chemicals has a direct impact in bio-sensing and bio-separation. Surface patterning on nanoparticles in suspension can be a
complex process due to the aggregation of the particles and their Brownian motion in the suspension. An overview of group’s
research on nanomaterials and their applications in the separation of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) from the biological cells will
be presented in connection with an industrial collaboration with Q-Bioanalytic, Germany. The possibility of affinity interaction of
biomolecules i.e. nucleic acid, protein, antibody, microorganisms etc. through hybrid capture will also be discussed in the context
of food quality and hygiene in Bio-sensing which has recently been published in Nature publishing group
(http://www.nature.com/srep/2012/120807/srep00564/full/srep00564.html?WT.ec_id=SREP-639-20120903). Separation of toxic
and microbial contaminants from water and soil using nanotechnology tool will be discussed in the context of on-going
multinational projects (http://senlabs.org/international-projects/ & http://nanowateratuclan.org/) in collaboration with top academic
and industrial researchers from Europe, India and China. Recent development (UK Patent: 2013: GB1315407.5. &
PCT/GB2014/052,630) on sensing antimicrobial nanocomposites will be discussed in connection with water technology. The
following figure present various applications and our activity on pie diagram.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 28
SL-03 (Ref: 3-017)
Regulatory Frameworks for Nanotechnology: Can we meet the needs of Industry, Society and
Regulators without slowing the pace of innovation?
S. Kelly1*, D. Carlander1, G. Flament1,
1Nanotechnology Industries Association aisbl, Brussels, Belgium *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +44(0) 7554 713 394
ABSTRACT
Without doubt, nanotechnology has delivered new innovations to the market. Yet questions still remain about what regulations
should govern its use. Internationally different approaches are being taken as to how to tackle the potential risks aspects presented
by nanomaterials. The changing regulatory framework presents an additional set of challenge to academia and industry seeking to
exploit new functionalities presented by nanomaterials. So while nanotechnology promises real societal benefit in the shape of new
products that can have a real impact on consumer life, uncertainty over current and future regulations may have a negative impact
on the speed at which innovation can be delivered to the market. This talk will examine the existing regulatory framework that
governs nanotechnology and will look at recent developments in grouping, read-across and safe-by-design that look to address the
needs of industry and regulators to deliver safe and innovative new products to society.
Keywords: nanotechnology risk, nanomaterials regulations, REACH, TCSA, nanotechnology governance
Over the last decade nanotechnology has moved forward with great rapidity, with new scientific developments reaching the market
as products in a short space of time. Different from previous technological innovations, however, is the short gap between
invention and the introduction of regulations. This talk will look at the current regulatory landscape that governs nanoscale
materials and will highlight what academia and industry need to aware of to bring new innovations to market.
There are several ongoing international discussions on how to best address nanomaterials and nano-enabled products in a
regulatory context. These include the publication by the US EPA on new proposals under the Toxic Substances Control Act
(TCSA); a proposed similar approach in Canada under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) and the proposals by
the EU to modify REACH Annexes regarding nanomaterials. Within the EU, the definition of what constitutes a nanomaterial is
under review, with the EC Joint Research Centre publishing its recommendations on the functionality of the definition.
These ongoing discussions have an impact on manufacturers and users of nanotechnologies and nanoscale materials, with
regulatory uncertainties hampering the development of innovative materials into useable products. The impact on innovation and
delivering societal benefit from nanotechnology must be balanced by asking the right regulatory questions to assess the potential
risks of nanoscale materials. The application of grouping and read across concepts and the use of safe-by-design methodology are
being examined to optimize resources for both industry and those that assess risk. However, these concepts will need to be
understood by regulators as well as industry and accepted for use in meeting regulatory demands.
This talk will provide an overview of the regulatory framework that is in place for nanomaterials and highlight its relevance to
academia and industry It will provide some initial results from a number of projects that have been established to address the
regulatory issues in nanomaterials, including NANOREG [1], NanoReg2 [2] and PROSAFE [3]. Finally, the need to provide a
balance between addressing societal concerns through regulations, whilst benefitting from innovative new products will be shown.
REFERENCES [1] www.nanoreg.eu
[2] www.nanoreg2.eu/
[3] www.h2020-prosafe.eu/
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 29
SL-04
Activity of World Nano Foundation and Future Vision
Mr Paul Stannard,
Chairman, World Nano innovation, UK
The World Nano Foundation aim including maximising support and funding to bring the science of the ultra-small to the world and
commerce alike.
Aimed at aiding entrepreneurs, inventors, professors and professionals from a business-up perspective, the Foundation is a medium
for nurturing, developing and commercialising ground-breaking new nanotechnologies to revolutionise the world and how we
interact with it.
The Foundation has been supported by a number of illustrious figures who aim to create a legacy for not only the nanotechnology
industry, but for the international community. Our philosophy is simple, every product or innovation must come with a true point
of difference and it is simple for the world at large to understand the benefits it can bring.
More information about our activity can be found via the following websites:
http://www.worldnanofoundation.com/tablet/about.html
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 30
O-1-01 (Ref: abstract 1-010)
Photoluminescence Nanofibers for Solid State Lighting Applications
Chi Ho Kwok*, Hui Luo, Ning TU, Anita Hsu, Puixin Du, Chenmin Liu, Peter WM Lee
The Nano and Advanced Materials Institute Limited (NAMI), Hong Kong
Units 608-609, 6/F, Lakeside 2, No. 10 Science Park West Avenue,
Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; [email protected]; Tel: (+852) 3511-3424
ABSTRACT
Photoluminescence nanofibers can be developed by combining electrospinning technologies and luminescent materials such as
quantum dots, organic/inorganic light emitting materials. The photoluminescence properties of the nanofibers can be optimized by
controlling the spinning parameters, the choice of luminescence materials and their material interactions. By a clear understanding
and manipulation of these properties, the performance of the optical structure can be tailored for desired applications, such as
growth light and indoor light which can provide a high quality white light or a warmer, redder light source with more attractive
shade.
In this study, we will demonstrate the use of QD based nanofibers/ polymer composite to modify the color spectrum of LED
technology. The performance of the QD-LED depends on several parameters, including the choice of QDs and their corresponding
quantum efficiencies, the polymer matrix in electrospinning process and the QDs dispersion, the method of developing polymer-
QD composites to prevent the aggregation induced quenching. With a proper control of these parameters, highly luminescence
polymer fiber can be developed. The light absorbing/ emitting properties of the fiber will be characterized by UV-Vis absorption
spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM) will be used to characterize the
nanofiber morphology while the size and uniformity of the quantum dots will be characterized by Transmission Electronic
Microscopy (TEM), respectively. The color spectrum and other data of the QD lighting will be characterized by spectroradiometer
together with integrated sphere. Methods of optimizing the performance of polymer fibers through nanoscale manipulation will
also be discussed.
Keywords: led lighting, nanofibers, electrospinning, quantum dots, grow light
Figure 1. (a) SEM image for the QD-added electrospun nanofibers MAT, (insert) red emissive QD added nanofiber MAT
(b) TEM image for as synthesized QDs
(a) (b)
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 31
O-1-02: (Abstract ref: 1-024)
Development of Carbon Nanotube Based Organic Solar Cells
B. Tabatabaei Mohseni*, F. Colak, R. Atlibatur, M. Laki, E. Arici, U. Colak and N. Karatepe Yavuz
Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
*Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +90 534 525 5963
ABSTRACT
Increasing energy demand and the limited natural energy resources raise interest and investment in renewable energy sources.
Among the renewable energy sources, solar energy has an important place. Solar cells or photovoltaic cells produce electrical
energy from sunlight. Depending on the system, solar cells can generate electricity in kW to MW range. While mass production of
inorganic based solar cells reduces gradually the costs, in the near future, organic solar cells can compete with them because they
can be produced with cost effective technologies [1]. The most critical factor in organic solar cells is increasing the energy
efficiency and absorption of IR region of light [2].
In the develpement of solar cells CNTs may have three different roles:
- Transparent electrode [3-6]
- Hole transport layer (HTL) [6, 7]
- Charge collection material [8]
In this work, single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) films have been used as anode material instead of industrial standard
transparent anode coatings such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), etc. Additionally, intrinsic p-type
semiconducting carbon nanotubes (sc-SWNT) have been added to polymeric heterojunction matrix of the active layer which is
poly (3-hexylthiophene) and high resolution buckminsterfullerene derivatives (P3HT:PCBM) to function as a photon absorber.
Furthermore, this type of CNTs are applicable as a hole transport layer when coated upon an ITO film.
These developments are motivation for the adaptation of CNTs to organic solar cells and new product designs that are composed of
pure carbon, having low cost and longer lifetime.
Keywords: Organic solar cells, Carbon nanotubes
REFERENCES [1] J. Nunzi, "Organic photovoltaic materials and devices" Comptes Rendus Physique, Elsevier, 523-542, 2002.
[2] M. Write, A. Uddin, "Organic-inorganic hybrid solar cells: A comparative review" Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells,
87-111, 2012.
[3] M. Kaempgen, G.S. Duesberg, S. Roth, "Transparent carbon nanotube coatings" Applied Surface Science, 252, 425–429,
2005.
[4] A. Falco, L. Cinà, G. Scarpa, P. Lugli, A. Abdellah, "Fully-sprayed and flexible organic photodiodes with transparent
carbon nanotube electrodes." ACS applied materials & interfaces, 6.13, 10593-10601, 2014.
[5] R. Ulbricht, S.B. Lee, X. Jiang, K. Inoue, M. Zhang, S. Fang, et al., "Transparent carbon nanotube sheets as 3-D charge
collectors in organic solar cells." Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 91.5, 416-419, 2007.
[6] MM. Stylianakis, E. Kymakis, "Efficiency enhancement of organic photovoltaics by addition of carbon nanotubes into both
active and hole transport layer", Applied Physics Letters 100, 093301, 2012.
[7] SJ. Tans, AR. Verschueren, C. Dekker, "Room-temperature transistor based on a single carbon nanotube." Nature,
393.6680, 49-52, 1998.
[8] M. Gong, TA. Shastry, Y. Xie, M. Bernardi, D. Jasion, KA. Luck, TJ. Marks, JC. Grossman, S. Ren, MC. Hersam,
"Polychiral Semiconducting Carbon Nanotube-Fullerene Solar Cells" Nano letters, 2014.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 32
O-1-03 (Ref: abstract 1-017)
Sustainable Carbon Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy
Magdalena Titirici, Kathrin Preuss, Mo Qiao, Servann Herou
School of Engineering and Materials Science & Materials Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Mile
End Road, E14NS, London, UK *Presenting author’s details: Email:[email protected] ; Tel No. +44(0)20 7882 6272
ABSTRACT
Keywords: carbon nanomaterials, bioinspired materials, biomass conversion, fuel cells, energy storage, heterogeneous catalysis
The creation of new and very importantly greener industries and new sustainable pathways are crucial to create a world in which
energy use needs not be limited and where usable energy can be produced and stored wherever it is needed.
New materials based on carbon, ideally produced via inexpensive, low energy consumption methods, using renewable resources as
precursors, with flexible morphologies, pore structures and functionalities, are increasingly viewed as ideal candidates to fulfill
these goals. The resulting materials should be a feasible solution for the efficient storage of energy and gases.
Hydrothermal carbonization [1] is an ideal technology for the production of such low-cost but highly performing materials out of
the most abundant renewable resource on the planet, i.e. lignocellulosic biomass. The practical approach is very simple and
consists in placing a biomass precursor inside an autoclave, in water, followed by hydrothermal treatment overnight at 160-200°C.
Since the production of carbon materials in general implies harsher and multi-step methodologies along with fossil –based
precursors, this process has clear advantages in terms of sustainability and cost.
Here, I wish to present some of our latest results on the production and characterization of nanostructured hydrothermal carbons
(HTC) and their use in renewable energy related applications, [2-4].
I will also present some results on the use of HTC as well as heterogeneous catalysts to convert levulinic acid obtained in the liquid
phase after biomass hydrothermal treatment into other platform chemicals such as levulinate esters or gamma-valerolactone [5].
[1] Titirici MM, White RJ, Brun N, Budarin VL, Su DS, del Monte F, Clark JH and MacLachlan MJ, Chem Soc
Rev, 2015, vol. 44, (1) 250-290
[2] Briscoe J, Marinovic A, Sevilla M, Dunn S and Titirici M M Angewandte Chemie - International
Edition, 2015 qvol. 54, (15) 4463-4468
[3] K. Tang , L. Fu , R J. White , L. Yu , M. Antonietti , J. Maier, M. M. Titirici , Adv. Energy Materials, 2012, 2,
873–877
[4] N. Brun, S. A. Wohlgemuth, P. Osiceanu, M. M. Titirici, Green Chem., 2013, 15, 2514-2524
[5] F. Pileidis, M. Tabassum, S. Coutts, M. M. Ttitirici, Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2014, 35, 929–936
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 33
O-1-04 (Ref: 1-009)
Diagnose Pathogens in Drinking Water via Magnetic Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS)
Assay
H. Li1, L. Cui2, F. L. Martin1, D. Zhang1
1Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK; 2Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +44(0)7588858333
ABSTRACT
Millions of cases of diseases are caused by pathogens in drinking water [1]. Many diagnosis methods have been developed to
rapidly detect these pathogens, as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and colony forming, but most of the methods are time-
consuming and not suitable for worldwide application in practice. Here, we developed a novel high-sensitive screening method for
rapid detection of pathogens in drinking water with Ag@MNPs nanocomposites by magnetic capturing and surface-enhanced
Raman scattering (SERS). The synthesis of MNPs followed chemical co-precipitation [2] and Ag@MNPs nanocomposites were
synthesized by glucose reduction [3]. By adding the Ag@MNPs suspension (2 µL) into drinking water or R6G samples (1 mL), the
mixture was cultivated for 10 min and the magnetic pellets were harvested by permanent magnet. The pellet was washed by
deionized water and ethanol five times for Raman spectral analysis, which was obtained by InVia Raman microscopy with 785-nm
excitation laser (100% and 0.5% power for normal Raman and SERS spectrum respectively) and 10 second acquisition time. The
Raman spectral mapping was carried out randomly in 10×10 µm2 area. Ag@MNPs have high pathogen capture efficiency
(>99.9%), easy to be magnetically captured and enriched. Strong and stable SERS signal was obtained for R6G with Ag@MNPs
and the detection limit is 1 nM, proving the SERS enhancement by Ag@MNPs. The direct detection limit of pathogenic bacteria in
aqueous phase is 106 cell/mL. The Raman signal was enhanced 104 times when the pathogens were harvested and enriched by
Ag@MNPs, and the detection limit significantly improved to 103 cell/mL. The magnetic SERS assay for the first time proves that
the magnetic-controllable Ag@MNPs can achieve high sensitivity and rapid screening (<15 min) of pathogens diagnosis in
drinking water. With further fabrication and instrumentation, this technique provides opportunities in diagnosing pathogens in
other environmental or clinical samples.
Keywords: magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), Raman spectrum, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)
Figure 1. Diagram of pathogens diagnosis in drinking water via magnetic SERS assay.
REFERENCES [1] Szewzyk U, Szewzyk R, Manz W, Schleifer KH. Annu Rev Microbiol, 54, 81-127, 2000.
[2] Zhang D, Fakhrullin RF, Ozmen M, Wang H, Wang J, Paunov VN, et al. Microbial Biotechnology, 4, 89-97, 2011.
[3] Sau TK, Murphy CJ. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 126, 8648-8649, 2004.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 34
O-2-01: (Abstract ref: 2-031)
Magnetic Nanoarchitectures for Targeted Tumour Therapy
Nikola Knezevic,* Erzsebet Illes, Ana Mrakovic, Vladan Kusigerski, Vojislav Spasojevic, Bratislav
Antic, Sanja Vranjes-Djuric, Davide Peddis
Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, POB 522, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +381(0)649401808
ABSTRACT
Efficient synthesis approaches to produce stable, biocompatible and monodispersed magnetic nanoparticles for extensive
application possibilities have been recently described.[1-4] Potential application of complex magnetite-mesoporous silica-based
core-shell nanosystems in cancer therapy[5] can overcome some of the major limitations of conventional chemotherapy such as
adverse effects on healthy tissues, solubility issues associated with the frequently hydrophobic nature of cytotoxic drugs and short
circulation lifetimes. The morphology of the nanoarchitectures can be controlled by the syntheses conditions, while the presence of
organic functional groups can differently affect the loading and delivery capacities of applied drugs.[6] Surface functionalized
silica-based nanomaterials posses the ability to target tumour tissues by specific interaction with tumour-overexpressed
biomolecules, enabling a more selective approach than traditional systemic chemotherapy.[7] Their drug releasing efficacy, i.e.
therapeutic activity, is possible to be regulated using externally applicable targeting stimuli, such as exposure to light or magnetic
field.[5-8] Hence, more complex systems are being developed where the anticancer drugs are loaded inside the porous silica
framework of the magnetic nanosystems, and their retention and on-desire release can be achieved through different linkage
strategies with mesopore-capping agents. CdS quantum dots are demonstrated as effective caps for the core-shell magnetic
mesoporous silica materials through UV light-cleavable nitrobenzyl-linker, to entrap the anticancer drug camptothecin.[8] The
efficient synergistic anticancer effect of the capping quantum dots and the released camptothecin is demonstrated upon UV
exposure of the treated cancer cells. Further possibilities for the development of nanosystems for targeted therapy and diagnostics
will be also discussed, including the ongoing research studies regarding radiolabeled magnetic nanoarchitectures for combined
radio-hyperthermia tumour therapy.[9]
Keywords: magnetic nanoparticles, core shell, mesoporous nanomaterials, tumour targeting, light responsive drug delivery
REFERENCES [1] B.H. McDonagh, G. Singh, S. Hak, S. Bandyopadhyay, I.L. Augestad, D. Peddis, I. Sandvig, A. Sandvig and W.R.
Glomm, Small, 12, 301, 2016.
[2] G. Muscas, G. Singh, W.R. Glomm, R. Mathieu, P.A. Kumar, G. Concas, E. Agostinelli and D. Peddis, Chem. Mater. 27,
1982, 2015.
[3] E. Illés, M. Szekeres, E. Kupcsik, I.Y. Tóth, K. Farkas, A. Jedlovszky-Hajdú and E. Tombácz, Colloids Surf., A, 460, 429,
2014.
[4] M. Radovic, S. Vranjes-Djuric, N. Nikolic, D. Jankovic, G.F. Goya, T.E. Torres, M.P. Calatayud, I.J. Bruvera, M.R.
Ibarra, V. Spasojevic, B. Jancar and B. Antic, J. Mater. Chem. 22, 24017, 2012.
[5] N.Z. Knezevic, E. Ruiz-Hernandez, W.E. Hennink and M. Vallet-Regi, RSC Adv. 3, 9584, 2013.
[6] N.Z. Knezevic, I.I. Slowing and V.S.Y. Lin, ChemPlusChem, 77, 48, 2012.
[7] N.Z. Knezevic and J.-O. Durand, ChemPlusChem, 80, 26, 2015.
[8] N.Z. Knezevic and V.S.Y. Lin, Nanoscale, 5, 1544, 2013.
[9] M. Radovic, M.P. Calatayud,, G.F. Goya, M.R. Ibarra, B. Antić, V. Spasojević, N. Nikolić, D. Janković, M. Mirković and
S. Vranješ-Đurić, J. Biomed. Mater. Res., Part A, 103, 126, 2015.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 35
O-2-02: (Abstract ref: 2-020)
Hybrid Core-Shell Particles in Diagnostic Applications - a versatile platform for multiplexed bead-
based flow cytometry
D. Sarma1*, K. Rurack1
Chemical and Optical Sensing Division, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin 1 *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +49(0)30 8104-5976
ABSTRACT
Multiplexed bead-based array formats play an increasingly important role in analytical laboratories. Due to the high surface-to-
volume ratio, fast reaction kinetics and modular assay design, these sensor formats are applied in clinical diagnostics, drug
development and classical biosensors with great success.
As the spherical platform, researchers utilize micron-sized particles made from polymeric or silica material. Such beads are
commercially available from vendors such as BD or Luminex. However, we have encountered several problematic issues which
accompany these platforms: first, beads with diameters of several microns, which are required for particle handling reasons, are
difficult to prepare with high monodispersity, a key requirement for cytometric application. Second, plain beads, made from either
polymer or silica, both have several disadvantages such as inferior scattering properties in case of silica or limited flexibility for
coupling strategies in the case of latex beads.
In order to overcome this problem, we have developed a versatile core-shell (CS) platform which consists of a polymeric core with
a structurally controlled silica shell. In our approach, the core building block can be easily prepared with high yields and high
monodispersity in a dispersion polymerization from approximately 500 nm to 1.3 µm. Then, silica is coated in a classical sol-gel
process to protect the core with a stable yet modifiable surface (Figure 1, left). Here, we combine ideal scattering properties and
easy preparation of the polymeric core with the chemical flexibility of a silica surface. Moreover, the additional shell domain adds
density to the composite which makes particle handling feasible also for nanometer sized beads.
In this contribution, we present proof-of-principle results of fluorescence competitive immunoassays, each performed in mix-and-
read fashion without washing steps, using our CS beads. All sizes are applicable in cytometric read-out and can be used for size
encoding (Figure 1, middle). Further multiplexing for a set of at least 20 parameters can be achieved by swelling hydrophobic dyes
into the core. At the same time, precise tuning of the surface with mixed silane layers allowed us to significantly improve the
selectivity towards target molecules in the assay (Figure 1, right).
Figure 1: Left – SEM image of CS bead; middle – correlation plot of forward and sideward scattering in flow cytometry using
different sized CS beads; right – comparison of mean signal intensity using cytometry for beads (code 2) with tuned silica surface.
We believe that our CS particles allow researchers to gain access to superior bead-based assay performances in combination with a
low-threshold approach for the synthesis of the spherical platform.
Keywords: core-shell, bead-based, cytometry, multiplexed, silane chemistry
400 nm
code 1
code 2
code 3
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 36
O-2-03: (Abstract ref: 2-034)
A Novel Synthesis Method of Cationic Lipid Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles (MNPs);
Characterization and Magnetofection
H. Akbaba1*, Y. Selamet2, A.G. Kantarcı1 1IEge University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Izmir, Turkey; 2Izmir Institute
of Technology, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Izmir, Turkey *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected] Tel No. +90 535 402 6155
ABSTRACT Magnetofection is defined as the nucleic acids delivery to cells, site-specifically guided by the attractive forces of magnetic fields
acting on nucleic acid vectors, which are associated with magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) [1]. Such delivery systems need to be
biocompatible and non-toxic. Also, surface coating is required for loading drugs or to form complexes with nucleic acids [2]. For
this purpose, a novel iron oxide nanoparticle synthesis method with in-situ surface coating was developed. With this method
multiple emulsions were used as microreactors and magnetic iron oxide particles synthesized in the core of cationic solid lipid
nanoparticles for the first time.
1M Fe+2 and 2M Fe+3 solutions were incorporated into the inner water phase of multiple emulsion (w1/o/w2) and 2N NH4OH was
added in the outer phase of the multiple emulsion (w1/o/w2). [OH-] ions leaked to the interior water phase of the multiple emulsion
and reacted with Fe solutions [3,4]. Therefore, magnetic iron oxide particles formed in the core of cationic solid lipid nanoparticles.
DLS, SEM, TEM, VSM, XRD and Raman Spectrometer techniques were performed for characterization of the MNPs. Obtained
MNPs are nano-sized with narrow particle size distribution, and superparamagnetic. They are positively charged due to cationic
lipid coating during synthesis process. MNPs were than complexed with green fluorescent encoding plasmid DNA (pEGFP-C1).
Cytotoxicity and transfection studies were carried out in mammalian cell culture.
Consequently, a well-defined targetable MNPs with highly effective magnetofection ability were developed.
Keywords: magnetic nanoparticle, multiple emulsion, gene delivery, magnetofection, superparamagnetic
Figure 1. TEM images of obtained MNPs Figure 2. GFP expression after magnetofection
REFERENCES
[1] Schillinger U, Brill T, Rudolph C, Huth S, Gersting S, Krötz F, et al., J Magn Magn Mater, 293, 501–8, 2005.
[2] Gubin SP, Koksharov YA, Khomutov GB, Yurkov GY., Usp Khim, 74, 539–74, 2005.
[3] Schmidts T, Dobler D, Guldan A, Paulus N, Runkel F., Colloids Surfaces A Physicochem Eng Asp, 372, 48–54, 2010.
[4] Kumar A, Jena PK, Behera S, Lockey RF, Mohapatra S, Mohapatra S., Nanomedicine Nanotechnology, Biol Med, 6, 64–
9, 2010.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 37
O-2-04: (Abstract ref: 2-033)
Betulonic Acid Solubilized and Permeation-Enhanced by A Natural Compound Reduces Tumor
Growth In Mice
J. Zhang1,2*, G. Chou1*, Z. Liu3, M. Liu3
1Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,
Shanghai,201203,People’s Republic of China;2School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute
of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Renewable Natural Resources,
Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
*Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +86-13916101381
ABSTRACT
Many active natural compounds including betulonic acid (BEA) are poorly soluble. This property makes efficacy studies,
especially in animals, substantially difficult. The primary objective of this study was to examine if a natural food compound can act
as a solubilizer to overcome the insolubility of BEA so it can be accurately evaluated for its intrinsic activity against cancer in cell
culture and in tumor animal models. Capitalized on the discovery and encouraged by the effectiveness of rubusoside (RUB) in
solubilizing a number of chemotherapeutic agents, RUB was used to solubilize BEA. By processing the two together using a
solvent evaporation method, BEA and RUB formed a joint nanoparticulate structure, designated as BEA-NP, which was
subsequently dried to powder. The BEA-NP powder displayed rapid dissolution in water, which maintained BEA in the transparent
water solution with a homogenous distribution. In such a BEA-NP nanoparticulate format, BEA was found over three times more
permeable than that solubilized by DMSO in Caco-2 cell monocultures. In the in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation, BEA in the BEA-
NP formulation showed IC50 of 69.3 µM, 67.4 µM, and 58.0 µM against HT-29, MDA-MB-231, and DU145 human cancer cell
lines, respectively, after 72 h of incubation. These IC50 values were similarly observed for DMSO-solubilized BEA, indicating the
cytotoxic property of BEA was fully maintained and that RUB did not contribute additional cytotoxicity. In an in vivo efficacy
study, the tumor growth in the S180 berry mice orally dosed with BEA-NP at 20, 40, and 75 mg/kg was inhibited by 27%, 30%
and 50%, respectively, whereas with the unformulated BEA at 40 mg/kg was inhibited by 15%. The positive control
cyclophosphamide achieved the same level of tumor growth inhibition as did the high BEA-NP dose. However, cyclophosphamide
significantly lowered the thymus index to 1.14 versus the 3.19 of BEA-NP, an indication of achieving efficacy at the cost of
weakened immune function. We found the use of RUB was effective in solubilizing BEA, maintaining its cytotoxicity, enhancing
its permeability, and reducing tumor growth when orally administered. The efficacy demonstrated at cellular and tumor-bearing
animal models and the non-toxicity using a food ingredient as the solubilizer are encouraging and the results warrant further
investigations in pharmacokinetics, toxicology, and efficacy related to human cancers.
Keywords: betulonic acid, nanoparticle, permeability enhancement, solubilization, tumor mice
REFERENCES [1] B B. Saxena, L Zhu, M Hao, etal, Bioorg. Med. Chem., 14, 6349–6358,2006.
[2] SM Lee, BS Min, CG Lee, KS Kim, YH Kho, Planta Med., 69, 1051–1054, 2003.
[3] A Sarnes ,M Kovalainen, MR. Häkkinen, etal, Journal of Controlled Release, 180, 109–116, 2014.
[4] Y Kawabata, K Wada, M Nakatani, S Yamada, S Onoue, Int. J. Pharm., 420,1–10, 2011.
[5] TG Pretlow, C M Delmoro, G G Dilley, C G Spadafora, T P Pretlow, Cancer Res. 1991, 51, 3814–3817
[6] Z Liu, F Zhang, GY Koh, et al, Anti-Cancer Drugs. 26(2), 167-179, 2014,
[7] B Press, D D Grandi, Current Drug Metabolism, 9, 893-900. 2008.
[8] F Zhang, GY Koh, Z Liu, et al. J Pharm Sci. 100(7), 2778-2789, 2011.
[9] ZG Gao, AN Lukyanov, A Singhal, VP Torchilin, Nano Letters, 2 (9), 979–982, 2002
[10] D Xia, F Cui, H Piao, D Cun, H Piao, Y Jiang, M Ouyang, Pharm. Res., 27, 1965–1976, 2010.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 38
O-2-05: (Abstract ref: 2-010)
Development of Paclitaxel Loaded Ethanol-Based Proliposome Delivery Systems
For The Treatment of Brain Tumour
M. Najlah1*, M. Jain2, K-W. Wan2, W. Ahmed2, A. Elhissi3
1Faculty of Medical Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, UK; 2Institute of Nanotechnology and Bioengineering, School
of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK; 3College of Pharmacy, Qatar University,
Doha, Qatar. *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected] Tel No. +44(0)8451964682
ABSTRACT Proliposomes are phospholipid formulations that generate liposomes upon addition of aqueous phase [1,2]. Paclitaxel (PTX) is
an anticancer drug with wide activity against many types of cancer such as ovarian carcinoma, prostate cancer, lung cancer, breast
cancer, head and neck cancers and AIDS-related Kaposi’s sarcoma [3]. Taxol is a commercially available formulation of PTX
consisting of the drug dissolved in ethanol and Cremophor EL (polyoxyethylated castor oil) (50:50v/v). However, the serious toxic
effects caused by Cremophor EL means that finding alternative vehicles is highly in need [3]. The aim of this study is to design and
characterize alcohol-based PTX proliposomes as potential solubilizers and vehicles that can generate anticancer liposomes.
Proliposomes were prepared by dissolving lipids consisting of soya phosphatidylcholine (SPC), hydrogenated soya
phosphatidylcholine (HSPC) or dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) with cholesterol (Chol; 1:1) in ethanol. PTX was
dissolved in the alcoholic solution and deionized water was added to have drug concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 or 0.5 mg/ml,
followed by probe-sonication. Size analysis, zeta potential measurements and liposome morphology studies were performed using
dynamic light scattering, laser Doppler velocimetry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) respectively. Cytotoxicity was
evaluated in vitro by MTT assay using normal glial (SVG-P12) and glioma (U87-MG) cell lines. The anticancer effect of
proliposome formulations were compared to PTX alone without liposomes. Small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) were generated
from the proliposomes, as confirmed by TEM and size analysis (Fig. 1). Zeta potential of the vesicles was neutral or slightly
negative, and the surface charge tended to increase slightly by increasing the drug concentration (fig. 2). DPPC liposomes offered
the highest drug entrapment (67-78%), followed by SPC (48-64%) and HSPC liposomes (31-53%). Cell viability was dependent on
formulation; thus, PTX-DPPC liposomes had higher cytotoxicity against U87-MG cells compared to PTX-SPC and PTX-HSPC
formulations. Moreover, the viability of the malignant cells was much lower than that of normal cells, indicating cancer targeting
properties of the formulations. Proliposomes provided a promising approach to solubilize PTX and generate anticancer liposomes
which were able to kill malignant cells selectively. DPPC liposomes provided the highest drug entrapment and better ability to kill
cancer cells compared to SPC and HSPC liposomes.
Keywords: Proliposomes, liposomes, Paclitaxel.
Fig. 1. Size (Zaverage) of liposomes after probe sonication (n=3
± SD).
Fig. 2. Zeta potential of liposomes after probe sonication
with a range of paclitaxel concentrations (n=3 ± SD).
REFERENCES [1] S. Perrett, M. Golding, W.P. Williams, J Pharm Pharmacol, 43,154-161, 1991.
[2] M. Elhissi, K.K. Karnam, M.R. Danesh-Azari, H.S. Gill, K.M. Taylor, J Pharm Pharmacol, 58, 887-894, 2006.
[3] A.K. Singla, A. Garg, D. Aggarwal, Int J Pharm, 235,179-192, 2002.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 39
O-2-06: (Abstract ref: 2-002)
Mesoporous nanoparticle supported liposomes for hyperthermia triggered drug delivery
M. Eizadi Sharifbad1*, T. Mercer1, T. Sen1
University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK *Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Despite advances in diagnostic procedures and treatments, the overall survival rate from cancer has not improved substantially
over the past 30 years [1]. One promising development is the encapsulation of toxic cancer chemotherapeutic reagents within
biocompatible nanocomposite materials. With stimuli triggering drug release, drugs can be restricted to the tumor site – thereby
reducing the effects of “free drug” on healthy tissues.
Here the synthesis of novel magnetic mesoporous nanoparticles capped with lipid bilayers (protocells) is reported. These
combine the properties of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), mesopores silica nanoparticles (MSN), and
liposomes - realizing the synergistic effects of hyperthermia and chemotherapy.
SPIONs have shown great potential as theranostic systems in nanomedicine since they can be used as both magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) contrast agents [2], and hyperthermia agents [3]. MSN’s are widely studied for drug delivery applications due to
their biocompatibility and high surface area, tunable mesopore structure, and modifiable surface [4]. These properties of MSN’s
enable high drug loading, although without proper pore capping, premature drug release is inevitable [5]. Liposomes are one of the
most broadly studied nanocarriers due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability [6]. Capping mesoporous nanoparticles with
liposomes should reduce the premature drug release and improve the circulation time of mesoporous nanoparticles. Furthermore
the MSN supports improve the bilayer stability and provide higher drug loading content than same size liposomes [7]. When drug-
loaded nanoparticles are placed in magnetic fields, vibrations of the magnetic core of the nanoparticles generates localized heating
which affects the thermosensitive liposomes layer releasing the encapsulated drug.
Doxorubicin (DOX) was encapsulated in liposome-capped mesoporous silica-coated magnetite nanoparticles. Drug loading
and release profile were studied in vitro at 37°C, and hyperthermia induced elevated temperature of 43°C. A magnetic field with
frequency of 406kHz with variable field up to 200G was used to keep the temperature within hyperthermia treatment range.
Cytotoxicity of the drug loaded nanoparticles and the free drug were compared in vitro against MCF7 and U87 cell lines under
normal body temperature and hyperthermia condition. The DOX-loaded nanoparticles demonstrated high drug loading content and
increased drug release at hyperthermia. Cells treated with the DOX-loaded nanoparticles and subjected to hyperthermic heating
showed lower survival rates than cells treated with free DOX by approximately 20%. These results indicate the great potential of
synthesized protocell nanoparticles in drug delivery applications.
Keywords: protocells, hyperthermia, cancer, doxorubicin, mesoporous nanoparticles.
REFERENCES
1. Yu, M., et al., Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2012. 376(1): p. 67-75.
2. Mornet, S., et al., Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2004. 14(14): p. 2161-2175.
3. Di Corato, R., et al.,Biomaterials, 2014. 35(24): p. 6400-6411.
4. Wang, X., et al., International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, 2014. 7(4): p. 1337-1347.
5. Liu, J., et al.,Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2009. 131(4): p. 1354-1355.
6. Li, J., et al., Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2015. 10(2): p. 81-98.
7. Ashley, C.E., et al., Nat Mater, 2011. 10(5): p. 389-397.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 40
O-2-07: (Abstract ref: 2-013)
Synthesis of nanosponges from animal red blood cells and their application in treating bacterial
infections
V. Chhabria and S. Beeton
School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK ; Tel No. +44(0)1772893592
ABSTRACT
Pore forming exotoxins (PFTs) are proteins released by bacteria that are systemic in the blood and form lesions in host cellular
membranes. PFTs are responsible for sepsis, which kills hundreds of thousands of people per year. Haemolysis assay studies have
demonstrated that α-haemolysin and streptolysin-O are potent PFTs against mammalian erythrocytes 1. Studies here show that
2000 ng/ml of streptolysin-O can release 1.14 g/dl (±0.02) ovine Hb in 30 minutes of incubation. Comparatively, at the same toxin
concentration streptolysin-O has released 0.604 g/dl (±0.02) of porcine haemoglobin (Hb). In comparison, ovine red blood cells
(RBCs) show lower sensitivity to α-haemolysin as they released 0.46 g/dl (±0.01) at 5000 ng/ml. Previous studies do show that α-
haemolysin possesses 100% sensitivity towards rabbit erythrocytes. This study shows that 5000 ng/ml α-haemolysin released 1.105
g/dl (±0.02) rabbit Hb, which shows that α-haemolysin has a high specificity towards rabbit RBCs. Nanosponges were synthesized
from animal ghost erythrocytes which were sonicated into vesicles (200-400 nm) and a mixed with poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)
(PLGA) as a polymeric core via extrusion through a poly carbonate membrane 2.
Initial toxin adsorption studies used erythrocyte ghosts and these were challenged with streptolysin-O. A 2% (v/v) lysed
suspension, containing erythrocyte ghosts, was most efficient at adsorbing toxin. These RBC ghosts are the first step towards
synthesizing the nanosponge as they can be developed into smaller vesicles with higher surface area to volume ratio 3.
Measurement of surface area to volume ratio of erythrocytes and ghosts showed the ghosts has a higher ratio, which increases
adsorption. The surface area to volume ratio is further enhanced as the erythrocyte ghosts are sonicated and extruded into vesicles.
Dynamic light scattering studies show that after a 100 nm extrusion of a mixed suspension containing 1mg/ml PLGA and sheep
RBC vesicles, the size of the nanosponge were 185 nm (±5.98). 1 mg/ml of the nanosponges showed that it had absorbed 100% of
the 1230 ng/ml streptolysion-O (lethal dose), when incubated at 40°C (temperature of a patient with sepsis). These results were
obtained using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, haemolysis assays, toxin absorption studies, dynamic light
scattering, and haemoanalysis of blood parameters using a haemoanalyser.
Keywords: Nanosponges, sepsis, pore forming toxins, erythrocyte ghosts and poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid).
References
[1] Gilbert, R.J. 2002, 'Pore-forming toxins', Cell Mol Life Sci, vol. 59, no. 5, pp. 832-44. [2] Hu, C.-M.J., Zhang, L., Aryal, S., Cheung, C., Fang, R.H. & Zhang, L. 2011, 'Erythrocyte membrane-camouflaged
polymeric nanoparticles as a biomimetic delivery platform', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 108, no. 27, pp. 10980-5.
[3] Weed, R.I., Reed, C.F. & Berg, G. 1963, 'Is hemoglobin an essential structural component of human
erythrocyte membranes?*', The Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 581-8.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 41
O-2-08: (Abstract ref: 2-023)
Controlled nanoparticles sizes & compositions from efficient ischemic MRI contrast agent towards
persistent luminescence imaging
Y. Lalatonne 1,2*, S. Richard1, C. Journé1, N. Pinna3 , V. Eder1,2 , L. Motte1
1 LVTS, INSERM U1148, Universités Paris7, Paris 13, France; 2 Avicenne Hospital, APHP, Nuclear Medicine Department,
France ; 3 Humboldt-Université, Berlin Chemistry institute, Germany *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +33(0)148387621
ABSTRACT Each of medical imaging modalities has its own unique advantages along with intrinsic limitations, such as insufficient
sensitivity (MRI) or spatial resolution (PET), which make it difficult to obtain accurate and reliable information at the disease
location. MRI provides excellent spatial resolution, but exhibits a relative low sensitivity to contrast agent concentration. The need
to overcome this disadvantage is driving the ongoing efforts to develop targeted magnetic probes capable of achieving a high
specificity and sensitivity by in vivo.
Otherwise new Luminescent Persistent Nanoprobes emerges as very promising for sensitive optical imaging. Recently, the
synthesis of persistent luminescence nanoparticles (PLNPs) was described, allowing very sensitive optical detection in vivo
(Scheme 1) by avoiding the autofluorescence of tissues [1]. However, because of their large hydrodynamic size (> 100 nm) PLNPs
are quickly taken up and sequestered by the reticuloendothelial system (RES). Hence, it remains a challenge to produce
appropriately sized biocompatible luminescent nanoparticles with long blood circulation times. [2]
To achieve these goals, USPIO (Ultra Small Particle Iron Oxide) and USPLNP (Ultra Small Persistent Luminescence
NanoParticles) have been designed by a non aqueous sol–gel method under microwave treatment. The synthesis is carried out
using benzyl alcohol, which acts as a reagent and growth controlling agent particles. This compound occurs naturally in many
plants and foods and is used as a food additive or preservative for pharmaceutical or cosmetic products. Herein it appears as a
compound of choice in the context of the synthesis of nanoparticles for biological applications.
We observe that the MRI contrast is very dependent on the nanoparticles size. Herein the extremely small nanoparticles (<
4nm) are positive T1 MRI contrast agent whereas larger particles exhibit a very strong T2 contrast. The in-vivo experiments have
been performed on an ischemic rat model using a 7T MRI. These new
nanoplatforms demonstrated a very good contrasting efficiency and allow
a strong enhancement of the neo-vasculature (Figure a).
Concerning optical imaging USPLNP (6 nm) nanoparticles with high
crystallinity and purity are obtained. The NIR emission (700 nm) is
particularly suitable for in vivo imaging and in vivo study paves the way
for the use of USPLNPs as optical nanotools that emit without the need for
continuous in situ excitation and that avoid tissue autofluorescence (Figure
b). Their ultra-small size reduce the RES clearance, enhance the blood
circulation time, and allow widespread organ distribution.
Figure a) Neo-vascularisation targeting and MRI vizualisation through
size particles optimization; b) Schematic representation of USPLNPs used for in vivo imaging without the need for in situ
excitation
Keywords: Nanoparticles, MRI, persistent luminescence, ischemia
REFERENCES [1] T. Maldiney, A. Bessière, J. Seguin, E. Teston, S. K. Sharma, B. Viana, A. J. J. Bos, P. Dorenbos, M. Bessodes, D. Gourier,
D. Scherman and C. Richard, Nature Mat. 13, 418, 2014.
[2] E. Teston, S. Richard, T. Maldiney, N. Lièvre, G. Y. Wang, L. Motte, C. Richard and Y. Lalatonne, Chem. Eur. J. 21,1,
2015.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 42
O-2-09: (Abstract ref: 2-038)
A general method to synthesize highly-stable nanoclusters
Wei Zou1, Rongwen Lu1 *
State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT Nanoclusters are extremely unstable as a result of their highly-reduced size. An ability to control their formation and maintain
stability is of paramount importance to further understand and utilize this unique species. Here, a new synthetic protocol to prepare
and stabilize different kinds of nanoclusters from different metals to even metal salts is reported by this report. By means of proper
design, an interesting Pickering stabilization effect is accomplished inside a microemulsion system. We prove that the emulsion
interface plays a critical role on the formation of nanoclusters, which will be encapsulated in situ into a silica matrix, forming a
special structure of nano-capsules characterized by a central cavity and a composite shell composed of both nanoclusters and silica.
In this way, nanoclusters are endowed with an attractive set of features including high thermal stability, good biocompatibility, and
excellent photo stability, which are highly favorable for their practical applications. As nanoclusters are highly attractive in
different areas including catalysis, optics, and bio-sensing. We expect that our findings offer new perspectives in different areas
ranging from materials chemistry, catalytic conversion, optical physics, and bioimaging.
Figure 1 Characterizations of the Au-SiO2 HHNs sample. a, SEM image. b, TEM image. c, XPS spectrum. d, XRD pattern. XRD
patterns are for the fresh Au-SiO2 HHNs (curve I), Au nanoclusters alone (curve II), and heated Au-SiO2 HHNs (curve III)
samples.
Keywords: nanocluster, microemulsion, silica matrix
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 43
O-3-01: (Abstract ref: 3-022)
Alternative Metallic Nanoceramics for Advanced Applications
C. Defilippi and C. Giordano*
1School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK *Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +44 (0)20 7882 6605
ABSTRACT
Potentiality of nanomaterials has been largely proved and they are nowadays present in our everyday life in many different fields,
from electronics, to cosmetics, medicine, and more. However, a closer look at the inorganic realm, shows that a significant
percentage of used nanomaterials are based on oxides and metals, while the number drastically drops for metallic ceramics. This
apparent lack of interest does not reflect their potential but rather the difficulties related to their synthesis, especially as functional
nanostructures. This is unfortunate because metallic ceramics, as suggested by their name, possess an intriguing combination of
properties that place them between classical ceramics and pure metals (e.g. good mechanical properties and conductivity, thermal
resistance and catalytic activity). The number of envisaged applications is thus very broad and even broader going to the nanoscale
(e.g. as photo-optic materials, magneto-fluids, biomedicine, and more) [1].
In our group we design synthetic processes for the production of functional metallic ceramics with the demanded features, starting
from non-toxic and readily available materials (such as metal salts but also leafs [2], filter paper etc.), keeping sustainability but
also easy processing (including printing, coating, casting, films and thin layers preparation) and scalability of the process.
Furthermore, it is possible to control chemical composition (from simple binary systems to quaternary ones), size and morphology
(from mere spherical nanoparticles to rod-like shapes, fibers, mesoporous and hierarchical structures). Cellulose for instance
(namely paper, e.g. in form of an origami “crane”) and iron salt were used for the production of original Fe3C@graphite magnetic
nanocomposites [3], where iron, during the carbide formation, promotes graphitization of carbon from cellulose. This catalytic
starting ink can be used, via ink-jet printing, to design pattern of nanoparticles in a controlled fashion. Furthermore, Fe3C@graphite
was successfully tested in green chemistry for pollutants recovery, with the unique advantage of being easily retrievable after usage
due to its magnetic properties.
Alongside, other systems have been tested in many different fields, e.g. battery (MnN0.43@C with high capacity and coulombic
efficiencies close to 100% [4]), as alternative magnetic materials (Fe3C is more magnetic than commonly used iron oxide and yet
less toxic than iron, thus being ideal in biomedicine [1]), as catalysts, leading to high turnover rate and, more interesting, to tunable
selectivity.
Keywords: metal nitrides, metal carbides, nanostructures, hybrids
REFERENCES [1] C. Giordano and M. Antonietti, Nano Today. 6, 366, 2011.
[2] Z. Schnepp, W. Yang, M. Antonietti and C. Giordano, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 49, 6564, 2010.
[3] S. Glatzel, Z. Schnepp and C. Giordano, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 52, 2355-2358, 2013.
[4] B. Milke, C. Wall, S. Metzke, G. Clavel, M. Fichtner and C. Giordano, JNR. 16, 2795, 2015.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 44
O-3-02: (Abstract ref: 3-014)
Atomic-scale computational design of functional nanomaterials
D. Thompson1*
1Department of Physics and Energy, University of Limerick, Co. Limerick, Ireland *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +353(0)61-237734
ABSTRACT
In this talk I will discuss the difficulties in controlling nanoscale physics and describe how atomic scale computer
simulations can aid experiments in the design of functional organic -inorganic interfaces. I will present recent results on
experimental/simulation co-design of self-assembled monolayer (SAM) films on coinage metals; these films exhibit an
atom-level sensitivity in their electrical properties.1 I will also describe combined experiments and simulations of the
synthesis and interlinking of dendrimer-wrapped gold nanoparticles,2 and controlled placement of peptide-functionalised
dendrimers on carbohydrate-functionalised SAMs.3
Figure 1. (left) Ferrocenyl-alkanethiolate molecules with an odd number of alkyl carbon atoms stand tall on silver and form
close-packed SAMs that block leakage currents in molecular diodes. [1] (right) Gold clusters stabilised by thioether
dendrimer molecules provide interconnects for future molecular electronic devices. [2]
Keywords: molecular electronics, single-molecule nanoparticles, molecular dynamics, electronic structure, computational materials
design
REFERENCES [1] (a) N. Nerngchamnong, Y. Li, D. Qi, L. Jian, D. Thompson and C.A. Nijhuis, Nature Nanotechnology, 2013, 8, 113. (b)
L. Yuan, N Nerngchamnong, L. Cao, H. Hamoudi, E. del Barco, M. Roemer, R.K. Sriramula, D. Thompson, C.A. Nijhuis,
2015, Nature Communications, 6, 6324. (c) P. Nirmalraj, D. Thompson, A. Molina-Ontoria, M. Sousa, N. Martín, B.
Gotsmann, and H. Riel, Nature Materials, 2014, 13, 947. (d) L. Jiang, C.S.S. Sangeeth, L. Yuan, D. Thompson, and C.A.
Nijhuis, Nano Letters, DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b02481.
[2] D. Thompson, J.P. Hermes, A.J. Quinn, and M. Mayor, ACS Nano, 2012, 6, 3007.
[3] A. Perl, A. Gomez-Casado, D. Thompson, H. Dam, P. Jonkheijm, D. Reinhoudt, and J. Huskens, Nature Chemistry, 2011,
3, 317.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 45
O-3-03: (Abstract ref: 3-025)
Surface plasmons in synergy with the spin crossover phenomena at the nanometric scale
J. Sanchez Costa,1,2 S. Rat, 1, G. Felix, 1 W. Nicolazzi, 1 L. Salmon, 1 G. Molnar1 and A. Bousseksou1*
1University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK LCC, CNRS, and Universite de Toulouse (UPS, INP), 205 route de Narbonne, F-
31077 Toulouse, France; 2 IMDEA Nanoscience, Campus Cantoblanco (Madrid) *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
A number of pseudo-octahedral 3d4-3d7 transition metal complexes have been reported to display a molecular bistability of
their high-spin (HS) and low-spin (LS) electron configurations, which can be reversibly interconverted under external stimuli, such
as temperature, pressure, magnetic field, or light irradiation. This spin crossover (SCO) phenomenon is accompanied by a
spectacular change of magnetic, optical, dielectric, and mechanical properties.1
In the past years, the SCO field has found a strong renewed interest mainly inspired by the emergence of nanosized SCO
materials such as coordination nanoparticles and nanopatterned thin films2. The lowest size limit at which these cooperative effects
are maintained turns into one of the key fundamental questions in this field. Beside the intriguing size-related properties,
synthesizing thin films and other nanoscale assemblies of SCO complexes also represents a key step toward their technological
applications in photonic and electronic devices2.
Conventional macroscopic techniques as magnetic susceptibility and heat capacity measurements, X-ray diffraction, and
Mossbauer, vibrational, and electronic spectroscopies has become very limited for the investigation of SCO at the nanometer scale,
and the development of new experimental approaches becomes indispensible.
In this presentation, we describe different approaches for the elaboration of thin films of SCO materials and we show that the
use of the surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy can be a very powerful tool to detect the variation on the refractive index that
accompanies the SCO phenomenon at the nanometric scale ( see figure below).3-4
Keywords: spin crossover phenomena, switchable molecular-based materials, surface plasmons, size reduction effect.
REFERENCES [1] Gutlich, P., Goodwin, H., Eds. Topics in Current Chemistry, Vols. 233-235; 2004.
[2] Bousseksou, A.; Molnar, G.; Salmon, L.; Nicolazzi, W. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2011, 40, 3313–3335.
[3] Felix G.; Abdul-Kader K.; Mahfoud, T.; Gural’skiy, I.; Nicolazzi, W.; Salmon, L.; Molnar G.; Bousseksou, A.; JACS, 2011,
133, 15342.
[4] Abdul-Kader, K.; Lopes, M. ; Bartual-Murgui, C. ; Kraieva, O. ; Hernandez, E. M.; Salmon, L. ; Nicolazzi, W. ; Carcenac,
F. ; Thibault, C. ; Molnar G. ; Bousseksou A. Nanoscale, 2013, 5, 5288
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 46
O-3-04: (Abstract ref: 3-018)
CuNi Bimetallic Nanoparticles Prepared by Co-reduction of Metal Oxide Clusters for Efficient
Catalytic Reduction of 4-Nitrophenol with Extremely Low Activation Energy
Yuzhen Ge1, Tianyu Gao1, Rongwen Lu1 *
State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT Small sized silica coated CuNi bimetallic nanoparticles (CuNi@SiO2) were prepared by a new method based on the decreased
melting point and increased surface energy of metals in the sub-nanometer range (the melting point of metals with the size of sub-
nanometers drop significantly because of the large percentage of surface atoms and easy mobility with increasing temperatures1).
Typically, Cu(II) and Ni(II) complex were encapsulated inside silica by the method of reverse microemulsion. Then, ultra small
CuO and NiO clusters were in-situ formed after calcination under air. CuNi bimetallic nanoparticles were prepared by the co-
reduction of CuO and NiO clusters under H2 at high temperature. The reverse microemulsion was adopted to plays an effective role
acting as nano-reactors generating better distributed metal ions through the whole reaction system. CuNi bimetallic nanoparticles
with different compositions and sizes can be synthesized with the same method by changing the volume or concentration of
precursors. The removal of organic compounds during calcination ensured the total exposure of active sites of bimetallic
nanoparticles. More importantly, SiO2 coating enhanced the chemical, thermal and mechanical stabilities of CuNi bimetallic
nanoparticles including increased stability against temperature induced aggregation and shape changes of nanoparticles inside. The
reduction of p-nitrophenol by NaBH4 was chosen as model reaction for the catalytic activity investigation, the results indicate that
CuNi bimetallic nanoparticles prepared by our method show size and composition dependent catalytic activity, more interestingly,
the activation energy of CuNi@SiO2 was found to be much lower than those reported for most of the noble metals. Finally, this
CuNi bimetallic nanoparticles was found highly stable for 10 consecutive recycling experiments for the reduction of p-nitrophenol.
The rate constants of CuNi@SiO2 for catalytic reduction of p-nitrophenol with sodium borohydride.
Keywords: bimetal, catalyst, microemulsion, p-nitrophenol
REFERENCES [1] Castro, T.; Reifenberger, R.; Choi, E.; Andres, R. P. Size-Dependent Melting Temperature of Individual Nanometer-Sized
Metallic Clusters. Phys. Rev. B, 42 (13), 8548-8556, 1990.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 47
O-3-05: (Abstract ref: 3-016)
Potassium modified nano Silicalite-1 as Heterogeneous Catalyst for Transesterification of
Triglycerides
Rajib Bandyopadhyay*, Sunita Barot
School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
*Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected] Tel No. +91-9909991602
ABSTRACT
The ever increasing demand of energy against the flat rate of energy production necessitates the research in the field of renewable
energy sources. Transportation sector is the biggest consumer of fossil fuels and is day by day expanding with more and more
energy needs. Biofuels derived from the natural biomass such as veg. oils and fats are potential substitutes to the transportation fuel
such as diesel. In addition, biodiesel offers advantages such as biodegradable, sustainable, non-toxic and low pollutant emissions,
being more environmental benign. Generally, Biodiesel is synthesized in presence of alcohols and by using homogeneous basic
catalysts (NaOH/KOH). However, these processes suffer from the drawbacks such as difficulty in recovery of product, soap
formation and use of excess of solvents etc. The use of heterogeneous catalyst is practiced in order to overcome these problems.
Considering heterogeneous catalysts, literature studies show that there are fewer reports on solid base catalyst as compared to solid
acid catalyst. Basic catalysts are more active and found to react faster as compared to acid catalyst. In addition to that if catalyst is
in nano size it offers additional advantages due to its increased surface area and more number of active sites which accelerates rate
of reaction in many folds as compared to conventional micron sized catalyst. By considering these aspects we explored the
synthesis of KNO3 loaded nano Silicalite-1 as solid base catalyst and its application in transesterification of model triglyceride
triacetin with methanol.
In current studies, nano Silicalite-1 was synthesized via hydrothermal method and characterized by XRD, SEM, BET and FTIR
analysis. Synthesized nano Silicalite-1 was transformed into efficient heterogeneous base catalyst by impregnating with potassium
nitrate. The modified catalyst shows excellent reactivity in transesterification of triacetin. It showed maximum triacetin conversion
94 wt% at 1:15 triacetin/methanol molar ratio, 65 oC reaction temperature, 8 wt % catalyst loading and at 60 minutes of reaction
time.
Keywords: transesterification, biodiesel, nano Silicalite-1, catalyst
References
[1] M. Di Serio, R. Tesser, A. Ferrara, E. Santacesaria, Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, 212, 251–257, 2004
[2] M. J. Ramos, A. Casas, L. Rodriguez, R. Romero, A. Perez, Applied Catalysis A: General, 346, 79-85, 2008
[3] V. Brahmkhatri, A. Patel, Industrial Engineering Chemistry Research, 50, 6620-6628, 2011
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 48
O-3-06: (Abstract ref: 3-004)
Emissions reduction and performance enhancement of nanoCeria dispersed Biofuel
P. Pimenidou1*, P. Natesan2, N. Shah1, C M Somayaji2, S. Kanagaraj2, N. Hewitt1
1Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, UK; 2Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam,
India *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +44(0)2890 368247
ABSTRACT Use of diesel for a large number of passenger cars has influenced researchers to introduce new technologies to regulated emissions
such as unburned hydrocarbons (HC), CO2 and NOx from engine exhaust. Such new technologies are the exhaust gas treatment [1],
engine design modification [2], fuel added with additives [3] and alternative fuels. In this study, an attempt was made to reduce the
specific fuel consumption and engine exhaust emissions using dispersed ceria (high oxygen storage capacity (OSC)) nanoparticles
in diesel only and waste origin biodiesel- diesel blends (B10, B20, B30). The performance tests were carried out in an indirect
injection diesel engine. The ceria nanoparticles used [4, 5] in this study were approximately in the range of 25 nm in size. From the
experimental results the engine performance with OSC nanoparticles dispersed in all fuels was found to be increased, except for
B30. Emissions in terms of CO2, NOx and unconsumed hydrocarbons (HC) were observed to decrease considerably. The decrease
in unburned HC and NOx resulted from the effective utilization of oxygen carried by the nanoparticles. Despite higher oxygen
content of biodiesel blends compared to diesel, the presence of oxygen did not enhance NOx emissions but reduced them, i.e. the
more competitive hydrocarbons catalytic combustion reactions did not allow enough oxygen to react with nitrogen and produced a
cooling effect that did not promote the formation of NOx. This is supported by the reduced unburned HC when high OSC
nanoparticles were used. The redox property of ceria enables the release of oxygen in the fuel rich zone and absorbs oxygen from
the full lean zone, in order to combust the fuel completely. It was concluded that the ceria nanoparticles dispersed in the biodiesel
blends, aka the Biofuel, makes this fuel environmentally friendly and take a definite rule to reduce the internal combustion engine’s
emissions.
Keywords: nano, ceria, redox, biodiesel, emissions
Figure 1 Effect of high OSC nanoparticles on diesel Figure 2 Effect of high OSC nanoparticles on B30
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
UKIERI- DST is gratefully acknowledged for grant DST/INT/UK/P-117/2014 which supported this study. Authors gratefully
acknowledge GBI (Green Biofuels Ireland) for supplying us their waste oils derived biodiesel.
References [1] Alkemade, U.G., Schumann, B., 2006. Engines and exhaust after treatment systems for future automotive applications. Solid
State Ionics, 177, pp.2291–6.
[2] Ishikawa, N., Uekusa, T., Nakada, T., 2004. DI diesel emission control by optimized fuel injection, SAE Technical Paper Series
2004 No. 2004-01-0117.
[3] Venkatesan, S.P. and Kadiresh, P.N., 2016. Influence of an aqueous cerium oxide nanofluid fuel additive on performance and
emission characteristics of a compression ignition engine. International Journal of Ambient Energy, 37(1), pp.64-7.
[4] Shanmugapriya, N., Somayaji, C., Kanagaraj, S., 2014. Characterization and optimization of Ce0.6Zr0.4-xMnxO2 (x≤0.4), Journal
of Nanoparticle Research, 16, p. 2661.
[5] Shanmugapriya, N., Somayaji, C., Kanagaraj, S., 2014. Optimization of Ce0.6Zr0.4-xAl1.3xO2 solid solution based on oxygen
storage capacity, Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 16(2), pp.1-10.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 49
O-3-07: (Abstract ref: 3-021)
Magnetic nanocatalysts bearing Pd for C-C coupling reactions
E. Nehlig1, L. Motte1, E. Guénin1*
1Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire LVTS, INSERM U 1148, 74 rue Marcel Cachin, Bobigny, 93017, FRANCE
(e-mail:) *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +33(0)148387621
Keywords: provide up to five comma separated, keywords for indexing, don’t capitalize
In the past decades, interest for new catalysts and new catalytic reactions increases greatly due to their large applications in
several domains such as pharmaceutical and chemical industries. New catalysts were described for an increasing number of
organics reactions. Nevertheless, most of the homogenous catalysts are difficult to adapt to industrial process due to separation and
regeneration problems. Moreover, though highly efficient, most of the catalysts are containing noble or toxic metals and so new
protocols more economically and environmentally friendly need to be developed. Recently, more attention has been paid to the use
of nanomaterials as support. In fact, due to their unique properties and their enhanced surface volume ratio putting them at the
frontier between heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis,[1] nanomaterials are quickly becoming the support of choice for
catalysis applications. Among them, magnetic nanoparticles appear as an ultimate nano-support due to their easiness of recovery
owing to their magnetic properties. The simple use of an external magnet could afford the rapid recovery of the catalyst without the
need of filtration or centrifugation. The interest in catalysis using magnetic nanoparticles as a support is increasing dramatically
and several nanomagnetic catalysts were described recently.[2]
In this context, we proposed to prepare several nanocatalysts based on iron oxide nanoparticles of 10 nm mean diameter bearing
two different types of catalysts at their surface: organocatalyst that are small molecules (amino acids, peptides,...) allowing metal
free catalysis or Pd catalyst for C-C coupling reactions that played a very important role in a wide range of chemistries. We will
first present results obtain with nano-organocatylists on enantioselective Michael addition. We will be showing in these reactions
the important role of controlled functionalization of nanoparticles [3-4] and the role played by the nano-support and the chosen
surface chemistry used to prepare such nano-organocatalyst.[5] Then we will present a new simple Pd supported magnetic
nanocatalyst which turns out to be extremely efficient for Suzuki-Miyaura reaction under microwave, in aqueous media and under
aerobic conditions (Figure 1). This very stable catalyst (> 12 months in water under aerobic conditions) is moreover reusable up to
7 times with total conversion and small amount of palladium leaching. This green nano-catalyst prepared with cheap reactant and
working under eco-friendly conditions with Pd quantity down to 100 ppm appears to be one of the most efficient up to date for
Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling.[5] Finally preliminary results on its exemplification on other C-C coupling and reduction reactions
will be presented.
Scheme. Figure illustrating the magnetically recoverable Pd supported nanocatalyst
References
[1] S. Shylesh, V. Schünemann, W. R. Thiel, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2011, 49, 3428.
[2] M. B. Gawande, P. S. Branco, R. S. Varma, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2013, 42, 3371.
[3] P. Demay Drouhard, E. Nehlig, J. Hardouin, L. Motte, E. Guénin, Chem. Eur. J., 2013, 19, 8388-8392.
[4] E .Nehlig, L. Motte, E. Guénin, Catal. Today,2013 90.
[5] E. Nehlig, L.Motte, E. Guenin, RSC Adv. 2015, 5, 104688.
[6] E. Nehlig, B. Waggeh, N. Millot, Y. Lalatonne, L. Motte, E Guénin, Dalton Trans., 2015, 44, 2, 501.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 50
P-01: (Abstract ref: 3-012)
Collective Behaviour of Self-propelled Particles in the Presence of Moving Obstacles
Israr Ahmed1*, Waqar Ahmed2, Dung Q. Ly1,3
1School of Physical Sciences and Computing, University of Central Lancashire, Preston,United Kingdom. 2School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom.
3School of Engineering and Design, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom.
*Presenting author’s detail: [email protected]; Tel No. +447404376416
ABSTRACT
Self-propelled particles are very important in exploiting the naturally occurring behaviours of biomolecules. These particles have
ability to be utilised as invitro system to understand particles behaviour in heterogeneous medium. Furthermore concept of self-
propelled particles are widely used to various applications of bio nanotechnology, thus by exploiting this strategy they can be
further designed as a strategy to enhance target specific drug delivery. There are many nanoparticles and micro particles have been
developed that show individual or collective motion, self-propulsion, which has been utilized in blood or in vivo to transport
therapeutics. Self-propelled particles can show important non equilibrium behaviour, and how they interact with moving obstacles
has remained an open problem. The presence of the moving obstacles has huge impact on the collective motion of the self-
propelled particles. In this work we introduce a new model which investigates the collective behaviour of the self-propelled
particles in the presence of moving obstacles in heterogeneous medium. Effect of particle density, avoidance radius, and interaction
radius on the collective motion of the self-propelled particles is investigated. The findings of this study suggests that, with the
smaller particle density there is loss of cohesion, there is no any alignment exists, whereas in the higher particle density, there
appears increased coordination in the system, particles show alignment in their direction. Variations in the avoidance radius
brought non-monotonic behaviour in the system whereas variations in the interaction radius showed higher collective motion of the
particles. There exist first order phase transitions in the system when smaller particle density is provided. In large particle densities
there appear continuous second order phase transitions in the system.
Keywords: Self-propelled articles, collective motion, obstacles
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 51
P-02: (Abstract ref: 1-002)
Nanocomposite Films as a Gas Sensor for Organic Compounds
S.B. Ali1*, B.R. Horrocks1 and A. Houlton1
1Bedson Building, Chemical Nanoscience Laboratories, Chemistry School, Newcastle University, NE1 7RU *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +44(0)7721135123
ABSTRACT
This research concerns the physical and structural properties of carbon nanotube /conductive polymer composites and their use in
gas sensors. A good sensor should be sensitive, reliable and low cost, with fast response and a short recovery time. Carbon
nanotubes (CNTs) are well-suited because of their unique properties; their small size, hollow centre, large surface area and good
electric conductivity [1]. However, it has been shown that pristine carbon nanotubes have a low response for volatile organic
compounds – our target analyse - therefore we attempted to improve this property of CNTs by templating pyrrole on CNTs[2].
Polypyrrole is simple to prepare by oxidation of the monomer and its resistance is very sensitive to organic vapours, although much
larger than that of CNTs. TEM and AFM of polypyrrole/CNT composites prepared from single-walled carbon nanotubes
(SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) show polypyrrole coated the CNTs successfully. There are significant
changes in the range of diameters of nano tubes for SWCNTs from (7-10) nm to (8-35) nm and from (2-10) to (21-50) nm for
MWCNTs. The composites were tested for the variation in their resistance upon exposure to a range of organic vapours (acetone,
chloroform) and to water. The sensing devices comprised simple two-terminal devices over which a layer of the composite was
applied by drop-coating. We investigated the effect of the CNT: polypyrrole ratio on the sensor response, S= (R-R0)/R0) where R0
is the resistance in an air atmosphere and R is the resistance at steady-state after exposure to an air/analyte mixture. In general, pure
CNTs show a rapid response time, but very low response (typically S < 0.1) at room temperature. As the amount of polypyrrole in
the composite is increased, S increases, the response time deteriorates. Interestingly, the response of the composites may even
change sign as a function of target analyse concentration; this suggests that a simple mechanism based on swelling and its effect on
the percolation behaviour of CNTs in the polypyrrole matrix is insufficient to explain the data.
Keywords: Gas sensors, conductive polymers, CNTs/Ppy, nanocomposite sensors.
REFERENCES [1] King, V.B. (2007) Nanotechnology research advances. New York: Nova Science Publishers.
[2] Matei, R., Alina, P. and Luisa, P. (2013) 'Supercapacitance of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes-Polypyrrole Composites',
Chemistry, 2013.
Figure2: (a&b) The sensitivity of the electrical resistance R of
SWCNTs/Ppy films to chloroform (0-100) % exposure at
17oC;(c) The device sensitivity S=(R-R0)/R0 as a function of
chloroform concentration.
(b
)
(a
)
(c)
Figure1: TEM images of (a) hybrid MWCNTs
(Mag11x), (b) SWCNTs after tamplated by Ppy.
(a) (b)
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 52
P-03: (Abstract ref: 1-015)
Development of novel multifunctional carbon nanotube nanocomposites containing silver
and iron oxide nanoparticles for antimicrobial efficiency in water treatment
Q.Ali1, W. Ahmed2, S.Lal2* and T. Sen1*
1 School of Physical Sciences and Computing, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK,
2 School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK,
Corresponding author’s details: Email: [email protected] Tel No. +44(0)1772894371
Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected];
ABSTRACT
Water pollution is a significant concern throughout the world. For communities to survive and thus thrive a supply of clean water
free from contamination is of paramount importance [1]. Primary sources of disease arise from the contamination of water and
presence of unwanted bacteria in the water [2]. Some waterborne pathogens in drinking water like Escherichia coli (E.Coli) cause
several diseases such as diarrhea, urinary tract infections, septicaemia, peritonitis, hemolytic-uremic syndrome, Gram-negative
pneumonia, neonatal meningitis, respiratory illnesses, mastitis and gastroenteritis [3]. The presence of the E.Coli in fresh drinking
water is the threat to the health of the human around the world [4]. Multifunctional nanocomposite composed of commercial multi-
walled carbon nanotubes based materials modified with silver and iron oxide nanoparticles to enhance antimicrobial and
superparamagnetic properties have been investigated against the pathogen in this project. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes with
embedded iron oxide and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been developed using one pot synthesis. The synthesised composite
materials were found to have a large surface area. The embedded nanoparticles (iron oxide and silver) were also stable in the
matrix during the water treatment. Furthermore, modified composite material was characterized by several analyzing techniques
which includes Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF),
Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX), Nitrogen gas adsorption (BET surface area analysis), Mercury porosimetry, Powder
X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and FTIR spectroscopy were operated for characterisation the samples synthesised. The nanocomposite
prepared in this investigation was tested against standard E.coli (NCTC 10418) at the various concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200, 300,
400, 500 and 625µg/ml). The nanocomposite material exhibited significant antibacterial activity against the bacterium tested and
minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 200µg/ml was obtained. The minimum inhibition time for the growth of bacteria in
200µg/ml was found to be 8-hours.
Keywords: Silver and iron oxide nanocomposite, antimicrobial activity, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, water purification
REFERENCES
[1] R. P. Schwarzenbach, T. Egli, T. B. Hofstetter, U. Von Gunten and B. Wehrli, "Global water pollution and human health,"
Annual Review of Environment and Resources, vol. 35, pp. 109-136, 2010.
[2] H. Bridle, D. Balharry, B. Gaiser and H. Johnston, "Exploitation of Nanotechnology for the Monitoring of Waterborne
Pathogens: State-of-the-Art and Future Research Priorities," Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 49, pp. 10762-10777, 2015.
[3] K. Todar, Todar's Online Textbook of Bacteriology. University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Bacteriology, 2006.
[4] W. Huang, B. Hsu, P. Kao, C. Tao, Y. Ho, C. Kuo and Y. Huang, "Seasonal distribution and prevalence of diarrheagenic
Escherichia coli in different aquatic environments in Taiwan," Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., vol. 124, pp. 37-41, 2016.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 53
P-04: (Abstract ref: 3-007)
Continuous Synthesis of Biocompatible Gold Nanoparticles using a Co-flow Glass Capillary
Microfluidic Device
M.V.Bandulasena, O. G. Odunmbaku, G. T. Vladisavljevic, B. Benyahia
Loughborough University, Department of Chemical Engineering. Epinal Way, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; Tel No. ++44 1509 222528
ABSTRACT
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) attract the interest of the researchers and industry alike for many reasons among which their
biocompatibility, versatility and relatively easier synthesis methods and detection. The biocompatibility of AuNPs makes them
good candidates for drug and gene delivery applications [1] while Surface Plasmon Resonance makes them a good candidate for
imaging and diagnostic applications [2], [3]. Currently, the most common method to synthesise AuNPs is a batch-wise reduction
reaction between a gold salt and a reducing agent. The main limitation of this method is a poor control of both particle size and
polydispersity. The objective of this research is to develop a reliable method for a continuous production of well controlled AuNPs
using glass capillary microfluidics. To achieve this objective, single phase co-flow glass capillary microfluidic device was used to
synthesise the particles via the chemical reduction of tetrachloroaurate trihydrate salt (gold salt) by the ascorbic acid. The effect of
the injection capillary orifice size, ascorbic acid flow rate, pH and different capping agents on the size and the polydispersity of the
synthesised AuNPs were investigated to determine the optimum conditions under which AuNPs could be produced in a perfectly
controlled way. As result, AuNPs with an average diameter of 32 to 338 nm were obtained. It was observed that decreasing the
injection orifice diameter, increasing the ascorbic acid flow rate and its pH resulted in smaller AuNPs. PVP (Polyvinylpyrrolidone)
with an average molecular weight (Mw) of 40000 g/mol turned out to be the best capping agent to synthesise smaller particles.
However, the polydispersity index was not sensitive to changes in the ascorbic acid flow rate and worsens by increasing the pH of
ascorbic acid stream to approximately 10. The dynamic light scattering method (DLS) was used to measure the particle size and the
polydispersity. The TEM images were also used to compare and confirm the DLS results. UV-Vis Spectroscopy was used to
measure the absorbance spectra and proved that absorbance peak wavelength shows a blue shift due to the decrease of AuNPs size
[4].
The most common limitations of the method were reactor fouling and poor control of the pH of ascorbic acid. Due to the
reactor fouling, a microfluidic device can only be used once. To minimise reactor fouling, three main methods were investigated.
Applying hydrophobic surface treatment on reactor/capillary walls was not successful enough to minimise reactor fouling.
However, the use of PVP in the gold salt stream and increase of pH of ascorbic acid showed a significant minimisation of reactor
fouling. To prevent the fouling effect furthermore, a droplet generating microfluidic device is also investigated [5].
Keywords: gold nanoparticles, glass capillary microfluidics, continuous production, ascorbic acid,
REFERENCES [1] M. Das, K. H. Shim, S. S. a An, and D. K. Yi, “Review on gold nanoparticles and their applications,” Toxicol. Environ.
Health Sci., vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 193–205, 2011.
[2] J. Conde, G. Doria, and P. Baptista, “Noble metal nanoparticles applications in cancer,” J. Drug Deliv., vol. 2012, p. 12,
Jan. 2012.
[3] S. K. Sivaraman, S. Kumar, and V. Santhanam, “Room-temperature synthesis of gold nanoparticles — Size-control by
slow addition,” Gold Bull., vol. 43, no. 4, pp. 275–286, Dec. 2010.
[4] J. Wagner, T. Kirner, G. Mayer, J. Albert, and J. . Köhler, “Generation of metal nanoparticles in a microchannel reactor,”
Chem. Eng. J., vol. 101, no. 1–3, pp. 251–260, Aug. 2004.
[5] A. J. deMello, “Control and detection of chemical reactions in microfluidic systems.,” Nature, vol. 442, no. 7101, pp. 394–
402, Jul. 2006.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 54
P-05: (Abstract ref: 3-009)
Superparamagnetic Fe3O4-grafted functionalized mesoporous silica for the synthesis of biodiesels
Piyali Bhanja,a Tapas Senb and Asim Bhaumik*,a
aDepartment of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India, *E-mail:
bNano-biomaterials Research Group, Centre for Materials Science, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, UK
Discovery of M41S1 using the surfactant templating pathway has made a great impact in materials science. Since then a
variety of mesoporous materials with diverse range of nanoscale porosity, frameworks and characteristics have been derived.2
Mesoporous materials with different functionalised groups have been employed in various fields of chemical science like catalysis,
sensing, adsorption light harvesting materials and many more.3 2D-hexagonal mesoporous material with high surface area and pore
volume, such as MCM-41, has a wide scope for grafting transition-metals like Fe, Co, Cu and so on to obtain highly dispersed and
isolated active sites.4 Here we have synthesized the magnetically separable 2D-hexagonally ordered thiol functionalized
mesoporous silica (Fe@TFMS) through co-condensation reaction of 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane (MPTES) and
tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a cationic structure directing agent (SDA)
followed by immobilization of Fe3O4 nanocrystallies in presence of absolute ethanol at the functionalized mesopore surface. To
characterize the materials powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), N2 adsorption/desorption analysis, FT-IR, UHR-TEM, FE-SEM,
TGA/DTA, CHN, XPS and NH3-TPD tools are employed in this context. This functionalized mesoporous heterogeneous material
exhibited high catalytic performance in biodiesel synthesis from a wide range of long chain fatty acids and soybean oil as it shows
high Lewis acidity of 1.02 mmolg-1 with a good Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of 411 m2g-1. The catalyst exhibits
excellent catalytic efficiency for this esterification as well as transesterification reaction using methanol as a solvent cum reactant
under eco-friendly and mild reaction conditions (room temperature, 25 ºC) and also it can be reused up to fifth reaction cycle
without any significant change in the catalytic efficiency. The catalyst could be easily separated from the product due to
superparamagnetic behaviour of grafted Fe3O4 nanoparticles.5 Lastly, leaching of metal was not observed throughout the reaction.
Thus, Fe3O4 grafted functionalized hybrid mesoporous catalyst is a very efficient and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the
synthesis of biodiesels at room temperature.
References 1. Kresge, C.T.; Leonowicz, M.E.; Roth, W.J.; Vartuli, J.C.; Beck, J.S. Nature 1992, 359, 710.
2. Chandra, D.; Mridha, S.; Basak, D.; Bhaumik, A. Chem. Commun. 2009, 2384.
3. Chandra, D.; Yokoi, T.; Tatsumi, T.; Bhaumik, A. Chem. Mater. 2007, 19, 5347.
4. Carvalho, W.A.; Wallau, M.; Schuchardt, U. J. Mol. Catal. A, 1999, 144, 91.
5. Mondal, J.; Sen, T.; Bhaumik, A. Dalton Trans., 2012, 41, 6173.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 55
P-06: (Abstract ref: 1-026)
Earthworms as Biological Indicators of Silver Nanoparticle Impact in the Soil Environment
C. Brami1*, A.R. Glover1, K.R. Butt1 T. Sen1and C.N. Lowe1
1University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +44(0)1772893960
ABSTRACT The anti-microbial properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) are well established and has led to their incorporation in a growing
range of medical and consumer products including sports clothing, children’s toys, eating utensils, food packaging materials and
refrigerators. However, concerns have been raised regarding the health and environmental risks associated with widespread use of
AgNP. The European Commission Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks [1] has suggested that
AgNP may be particularly effective in delivering sources of ionic silver to organisms living in soils or sediments. The presence of
nanomaterials is difficult to quantify and it is necessary to improve assessment methods, even if currently predicted concentrations
of AgNP in aquatic and terrestrial environments range from ng.l-1 to mg.kg-1 [2].
The selection of organisms to assess pollution is based on critical factors including ecological relevance, ecological importance and
sensitivity of the species [3]. In a soil context, earthworms are considered particularly relevant test organisms as they form a
significant part of soil biomass, are in intimate contact with the soil medium and due to their influence on soil physical, chemical
and biological properties are considered ecosystem engineers [4]. These factors have led to the adoption of earthworms as sentinel
test species in eco-toxicological tests and initial studies utilising the earthworm species Eisenia fetida have demonstrated a
measurable toxic effect of AgNP [5]. However, E. fetida is a surface dwelling (epigeic) species and is not present within the soil
profile and so results have restricted ecological relevance.
Current ongoing research is using laboratory-based experiments to investigate the potential of soil dwelling earthworm species
(endogeic and anecic) as relevant bio-indicators of AgNP in the soil environment. The study is initially focusing on tests measuring
earthworm avoidance behavior in linear pollution gradients [6] with OECD artificial soil and Kettering Loam spiked with either 20
nm or 80 nm uncoated AgNP powder.
It is anticipated that this research will contribute to the debate around safety of nanomaterials in the environment, advance
understanding of how nanomaterials interact with soil / soil fauna and assess the value of earthworms as biological indicators of
AgNP pollution.
Keywords: earthworms, avoidance behaviour, silver nanoparticles, biomonitoring
REFERENCES [1] Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks (2014), Nanosilver: safety, health and environmental
effects and role in antimicrobial resistance. European Union, ISBN: 978-92-79-30132-2.
[2] Reidy, B., Haase, A., Luch, A., Dawson, K.A., Lynch, I. (2013). Mechanisms of Silver Nanoparticle Release,
Transformation and Toxicity: A Critical Review of Current Knowledge and Recommendations for Future Studies and
Applications. Materials 6, 2295-2350.
[3] Smith, R., Pollard, S.J.T., Weeks, J.M., Nathanail, C.P. (2006) Assessing significant harm to terrestrial ecosystems from
contaminated land. Soil Use Manage., 21, 527-540.
[4] Lavelle, P., D. Bignell, M. Lepage, V. Wolters, P. Roger, P. Ineson, O.W. Heal, and S. Dhillion. 1997. Soil function in a
changing world: the role of invertebrate ecosystem engineers. Eur. J. Soil Biol. 33: 159-193.
[5] Shoults-Wilson, W.A., Zhurbich, O.I., McNear, D.H., Tsyusko, O.V., Bertsch, P.M., Unrine, J.M. (2011). Evidence for
avoidance of Ag nanoparticles by earthworms (Eisenia fetida). Ecotoxicology 20, 385-396.
[6] Lowe, C.N., Butt, K.R., Cheynier, K, Y-M (2016) Assessment of avoidance behaviour by earthworms (Lumbricus rubellus
and Octolasion cyaneum) in laboratory-based, linear pollution gradients. Ecotox. Environ. Safe. 124, 324-328.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 56
P-07: (Abstract ref: 2-030)
Improved DNA Vaccination using Cationic Polymeric Nanoparticles for Transcutaneous
Immunization
G.Büyükköroğlu1, B.Şene1, A.Öztürk1 and R.B. Karabacak2
1Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey ;2Department of
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected] ; Tel No. +905326338225
ABSTRACT
Transcutaneous route is a promising alternative to vaccine delivery via the subcutaneous and intramuscular routes, due to
highly accessible and the unique immunological characteristics of the skin. The skin is involved in both innate and adaptive
immunity. The increasing knowledge of the skin immune system and improved DNA delivery systems that have become available
have boosted research on new vaccination strategies [1]. DNA vaccines provide DNA for protein expression in a variety of cells,
including keratinocytes, Langerhans cells (LHC), and dendritic cells (DC), which are located in the two main areas of the skin, the
epidermis and the dermis [2]. The advantages of DNA vaccines over conventional vaccines are; the higher stability of pDNA,
lower costs, decreasing the risks of infections due to weakened viral vaccines, to stimulate immunization against many pathogens
or multi antigens via the application of multiple epitopes on a plasmid and to generate humoral and cellular immune response [3].
In general, cationic and especially polymeric and lipidic delivery systems have been used as DNA carrying systems. The
adsorption of the DNA to the surface has been attained by the electrostatic interaction of negative charged DNA [4].
The objective of this study is to develop a DNA vaccine that will be applied with polymeric nanoparticles developed in our
previous studies [5] to adsorb the DNA thus providing transcutaneous immunization. For this purpose the Hepatitis B surface
antigen encoding Plasmid DNA has been selected. Particle size, zeta potential, morphological characterization, pDNA binding
abilities and cytotoxic properties of the nanoparticles were evaluated and transfection assay was performed. Horizontal diffusion
chamber system was used for determination of in vitro DNA release profile from polymeric systems.
Keywords: Polymeric nanoparticle, transcutaneous vaccination, Hepatitis B, DNA vaccine
REFERENCES [1] K.K. Peachman, M. Rao, and C.R. Alving, ‘Immunization with DNA through the skin’ Methods, 31, 232–242, 2003.
[2] B. Combadie`re, B. MaheSnow, ‘Particle-based vaccines for transcutaneous Vaccination’, Comparative Immunology,
Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 31, 293–315, 2008.
[3] L. A. Babiuk, S. L. Babiuk, B. I. Loehr, S.D. L. Hurk, ‘Nucleic acid vaccines: research tool or commercial reality’
Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 76, 1-23, 2000.
[4] E. Vighia, M. Montanaria, M. Hanuskovab, V. Iannuccellia, G. Coppia, E. Leoa, ‘Design flexibility influencing the in vitro
behavior of cationic SLN as a nonviral gene vector’ International Journal of Pharmaceutic, 440,161-169, 2013.
[5] R.B. Karabacak, ‘Emulsifier-free poly[2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] microgels with cationic quaternary ammonium
monomers’, Journal of Applied Polymer, DOI: 10.1002/app.43196.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 57
P-08: (Abstract ref: 1-021)
Removal of As (III) and As (V) Ions from Water by single step magnetic separation using Magnetized
Resin
A. Kaur1*, A. Bhaumik2 and T. Sen1
University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK1; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India2
*Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +447440582122
ABSTRACT
Water contamination is one of the most challenging problems around the globe which calls for special attention and improved
research in the area of water purification and decontamination. Many countries around the world faces water contamination
problems due to some naturally occurring ground water impurities like arsenic. Therefore, an idea was originated from the
necessity of the project to contribute towards the major concern for arsenic removal in West Bengal regions of India1. In this
context, Bhaumik and his co-workers2 have reported a method of arsenic removal from water using mesoporous
nanocomposites. A commercially available resin named Amberjet 4200 was used in order to fabricate multifunctional micro /
nano-composites for this application. The resin was first magnetized by introducing superparamagnetic iron oxide
nanoparticles. The nanocomposites have been characterized using multiple physico-chemical techniques such Powder XRD,
SEM, EDAX, FT-IR, VSM and TEM. The magnetized resin was then used to incorporate titanium dioxide in it. The final
product obtained was expected to have multifunctional properties such as i) ion-exchange due to the presence of anions in
commercial resin ii) magnetic separation due to the coating of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles on resin and iii)
decomposition of organic pollutants from water due to the incorporation of titanium dioxide.
The removal of As (V) and As (III) ions were aimed using a variable concentrations (100 to 500 ppb) of arsenic ions in water.
The collected samples were analyzed using Atomic absorption following pre-calibrated standard curves. Concentrations of As
(V) and As (III) ions on the composites were further verified using EDAX. Ion-exchange method was repeated several times in
subsequent 5 cycles without reactivating the composites for testing the performance of the materials’ reusability.
Figure 1: SEM image of Fabricated Resin Figure 2: TEM image of Fabricated Resin
REFERENCES [1] A. Basu, P. Sen and A. Jha, “Environmental arsenic toxicity in West Bengal, India: A brief policy review,” Indian Journal
of Public Health Vol. 59 (2015) 295-298.
[2] A.K. Patra, A. Dutta and A. Bhaumik, "Self-assembled mesoporous γ-Al2O3 spherical nanoparticles and their efficiency for
the removal of arsenic from water," Journal of Hazardous Materials 201-202 (2012) 170-177.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 58
P-09: (Abstract ref: 1-007)
Atomic-scale Simulation for the Analysis, Optimization and Accelerated Materials Development:
Organic Semiconductors
Jacob Gavartin1, Mathew D. Halls2, Daisuke Yoshidome, David J. Giesen, Thomas Mustard, Thomas F.
Hughes, Alexander Goldberg, Yixiang Cao, H. Shaun Kwak
1Schrödinger Inc., Cambridge, CB1 2JD, United Kingdom
2Schrödinger Inc., San Diego, California, 92122, U.S.A. 3 Schrödinger K.K., 7F Marunouchi Trust Tower North, 1-8-1 Marunouchi Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0005, Japan
Rapid advancements in quantum theory, computer science and computational power brought about tremendous developments in
materials research. Yet the impact of modelling in industrial R&D is somewhat hindered by unclear connection between calculated
and experimental parameters, complexity of the calculations and tedious analysis. Towards the resolution of these problems we
discuss how a combination of combinatorial chemistry, quantum chemistry and automated calculation workflows provide the basis
for rational materials design via virtual screening of molecular materials. The multiscale simulation approach implemented in
Schrödinger’s Materials Science Suite© streamlines efficient generation and screening of structure libraries of molecular
semiconductors. We demonstrate how the virtual screening is used to optimize organic light emission diode (OLED) and
photovoltaic (OPV) materials with respect to the key intrinsic properties such as oxidation and reduction potentials, reorganization
energies, adsorption and emission spectra onsets as well as materials morphology, density, solubility, glass transitions and melting
temperature, carrier mobility and triplet exciton harvesting. We also consider how the issues of materials stability and degradation
are addressed by atomistic modelling. The results of the calculations are accumulated in the form supporting easy analysis, data
sharing and decision making. The proposed approach allows to examine huge chemical space of materials and to uncover the
structure property relations unattainable by experiment alone. It provides guidance to the synthetic chemists and engineers and
narrows down the list of materials candidates for synthesis and analytical testing.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 59
P-10: (Abstract ref: 3-026)
Malvern Instruments
Dr. Hanna Jankevics Jones
Malvern Instruments, Grovewood road, WR14 1XZ, United Kingdom
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 60
P-11: (Abstract ref: 1-005)
Structural improvements to highly Cs+ selective AMP-PAN composite for nuclear waste management
H. Eccles, G. Bond, and P. Kavi*
Centre of Material Science, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Structural improvements to ammonium phosphomolybdate polyacrylonitrile (AMP-PAN) a composite known for several years for
its very high selectivity for removal of Cs ions from highly active nuclear waste is being evaluated at UCLan. In addition to its Cs
selectivity the composite has very good acid and radiation stability (up to 8 M HNO3 and 1M Gy respectively) [1, 2] and can be
made in consistent sphere sizes by manipulation of the starting materials in a one pot synthesis. A Cs capacity of 22mg/g in 2M
HNO3 has been previously reported [1].
This presentation addresses the improvement of the Cs ions capacity by enhancing surface area and porosity of the composite
structure.
Keywords: AMPPAN composite, Cs+ removal, highly selective, sol-gel, stability
Synthesis and characterisation
AMP-PAN composite was synthesised by adding AMP to a solution of Tween 80 (surfactant) in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) at
500C and stirred at 250 rpm for 1 hour. PAN powder was added and stirring at 500C continued for a further 6 hours. The mixture
was added drop-wise into 400 ml of d.w at room temperature. The resultant spheres were left overnight in d.w and washed 3 times
with fresh d.w. The washed beads were separated and dried in an air oven at 60°C for 24 hours. Table 1 represents the quantity of
various reagents used. The prepared composites were characterised by surface area, pore volume, SEM and Cs ion
uptake/selectivity were measured in single and mixed ion in up to 3M HNO3 solutions.
Table 1 Amount of reagents used AMP-PAN composite preparation
wt% AMP Sample PAN (g)
AMP (g)
TWEEN 80 (g)
DMSO (ml)
70 AMPPAN70 4 10 0.4 100
50 AMPPAN50 20 20 0.8 200-225
25 AMPPAN25 18.75 6.25 1.6 200-250
12.5 AMPPAN12.5 20 2.5 1.6 200-250
Results and Discussion
The AMP-PAN50 composite had highest Cs+ capacity of 26.8 mg/g compared to 21.7 mg/g for AMP-PAN70. This difference in
uptake value was likely due to opening pore structure resulting from the addition of extra surfactant. The change in the morphology
can be seen in figure 1 where the isotherm of the gas sorption studies clearly shows adsorbed gas variation. The inset picture of
bisected composite spheres clearly show expansion of the pores.
Conclusion
Composite synthesised with higher amount of surfactant have shown higher
Cs capacity; research to further improve Cs capacity by structural
modification of the AMP-PAN composite is on-going.
References
[1] Smit, J. Van R., W. Robb, and W. Robb, Journal of Inorganic and
Nuclear Chemistry, 12 (1–2): p. 95-103, 1959.
[2] Murthy, T.S., K.R. Balasubramanian, and K.L. Narasimha Rao,
Department of Atomic Energy, 1981 Figure 1 Gas sorption isotherm and
SEM image of AMPPAN composite
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 61
P-12: (Abstract ref: 2-032)
Development of Novel Approaches for Tumour Therapy based on Nanostructured Materials -
MagBioVin Project
Nikola Knezevic,* Erzsebet Illes, Ana Mrakovic, Bratislav Antic, Marija Perovic, Marko Boskovic,
Vladan Kusigerski, Sanja Vranjes-Djuric, Davide Peddis, Vojislav Spasojevic, Andrzej Szytula
The Vinca Institute, University of Belgrade, POB 522, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +381(0)649401808
ABSTRACT
Research advancements and opportunities by the FP7-ERA Chairs project MagBioVin are spotlighted.[1] Topic of the project is
the design of different novel magnetic nanoarchitectures (e.g. bimagnetic and polymeric core-shell systems, nanoparticles
embedded in mesoporous silica structures, and radiolabeled nanostructures)[2–4] for application in targeted treatment and
diagnostics of cancer. These nanomaterials posses the ability for selective treatment of tumor tissues by the targeting with magnetic
field.[5,6] Alternating magnetic field also provides the means for hyperthermia-induced cancer treatment.[7]Attachment of
radionuclides to the synthesized nanoparticles is explored for the purpose of imaging and internal radiotherapy.[8,9] Magnetic
characteristics of the prepared nanomaterials is done by SQUID magnetometry and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Structural
characterization of the investigated nanomaterials is performed by XRD, TEM imaging, DRIFT spectroscopy, and nitrogen
sorption analysis. Magnetic hyperthermia effects are monitored by using commercial setup (nB nanoScale Biomagnetics) which
includes applicators for cell cultures and small animals.
In vitro and in vivo (animal model) applicability of the synthesized nanomaterials regarding toxicity, biodistribution and anti-
cancer efficacy is explored for targeted cancer treatment.
Keywords: MagBioVin, magnetic hyperthermia, radiolabeling, magnetic nanoparticles, core shell.
REFERENCES [1] http://www.vincent.org.rs/en/project/magbiovin-fp7-erachairs-pilot-call-2013
[2] G. Muscas, G. Singh, W.R. Glomm, R. Mathieu, P.A. Kumar, G. Concas, E. Agostinelli, and D. Peddis, Chem. Mater. 27,
1982, 2015.
[3] G. Muscas, N. Yaacoub, G. Concas, F. Sayed, R.S. Hassan, J.M. Greneche, C. Cannas, A. Musinu, V. Foglietti, S.
Casciardi, C. Sangregorio and D. Peddis, Nanoscale, 7, 13576, 2015.
[4] G. Singh, H. Chan, T. Udayabhaskararao, E. Gelman, D. Peddis, A. Baskin, G. Leitus, P. Kral and R. Klajn, Faraday
Discuss. 181, 403, 2015.
[5] N.Z. Knezevic, I.I. Slowing and V.S.Y. Lin, ChemPlusChem, 77, 48, 2012.
[6] N.Z. Knezevic and V.S.Y. Lin, Nanoscale, 5, 1544, 2013.
[7] M. Boskovic, G.F. Goya, S. Vranjes-Djuric, N. Jovic, B. Jancar and B. Antic, J. Appl. Phys. 117, 103903, 2015.
[8] M. Radović, S. Vranješ-Đurić, N. Nikolić, D. Janković, G.F. Goya, T.E. Torres, M.P. Calatayud, I.J. Bruvera, M.R. Ibarra,
V. Spasojević, B. Jančar and B. Antić, J. Mater. Chem. 22, 24017, 2012.
[9] M. Radović, M.P. Calatayud, G.F. Goya, M.R. Ibarra, B. Antić, V. Spasojević, N. Nikolić,, D. Janković, M. Mirković and
S. Vranješ-Urić, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A, 103, 126, 2015.
P a g e | 62
P-13: (Abstract ref: 1-001)
P a g e | 63
P-14: (Abstract ref: 2-003)
Self-Assembling Peptide Tunnable Structure: A Novel Approach for Designing of Dual
Biologically Active Agent
A. Majid1, W. Ahmed2 and T. Sen1*
1 School of Physical Sciences and Computing, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK, 2 School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK,
Corresponding author’s details: Email: [email protected] Tel No. +44(0)1772894371
Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected];
ABSTRACT
Micro/nanostructures based naturally occurring building blocks attracted as potential materials in the field of bio-nanotechnology.
The synthetic nanomaterials of metals, semiconductors, organic polymers and carbon usually need surface modifications with
certain biocompatible materials such as, peptides, lipid and ligand exchange for the drug delivery and therapeutic applications. This
surface modifications facilitate the control of physico-chemical, immunogenic and pharmacokinetic properties of nanomaterials
[1]. Moreover, peptides are biocompatible within different mammalian cell cultures and have minimal detectable immune
responses when systematically administered in animal models. Hence, peptides are ideal materials for tissue regeneration,
scaffolding and drug delivery [2]. This work focuses on synthetic analogue of naturally occurring diphenylalanine based peptide
for the study of self-assembly patterns and the preparation of core-shell bio-compatible nanocomposites for hyperthermia triggered
in vitro drug delivery. Initially, studies have been performed on the fabrication of spherical and tubular structures of self-assembled
peptides in the presence and absence of superparamagnetic iron oxide core. These materials have been characterized using
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS),
Magnetic Hyperthermia and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The peptide based microstructures into spherical and tubular
morphologies have been engineered by changing the solvents and conditions and characterized successfully using multiple
techniques. This work has provided the essential information for the formation of novel core-shell superparamagnetic iron oxide
nanoparticle with iron oxide core and tert-butoxycarbonal (Boc)-diphenylalanine as a shell of tubular and spherical morphologies.
These prepared materials will provide the remarkable promise to nanomedicine in order to achieve improved treatment of cancer.
Keywords: Self-assembling peptides, Superparamagnetic iron oxide, core-shell nanoparticles
REFERENCES
1. Patil, S., et al., Role of Nanotechnology in Delivery of Protein and Peptide Drugs. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 2015. 21(29): p. 4155-4173.
2. Sun, T., et al., Thermal stability of self-assembled peptide vaccine materials. Acta Biomaterialia, 2016. 30: p. 62-71.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 64
P-15: (Abstract ref: 2-021)
Oxidation of limonene in the presence of molybdenum containing nanoporous carbon catalysts in
direction of products exhibit antitumor activity
E. Makuch*, A. Wróblewska, B. Michalkiewicz and J. Młodzik
West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +48914494185
ABSTRACT
This work presents the studies on limonene oxidation. This oxidation allows to obtain very valuable semi-products which
are applied in medicine (antitumor drugs used in cancer therapy), agriculture (production of pesticides), food industry (cooking
essences and additives) and cosmetic industry (perfume and anti-age cosmetics production) [1-4]. The oxidation of limonene was
carried out with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and t-butyl hydroperoxide (WNTB) as the oxidants and in the presence of nanoporous
carbon catalysts containing molybdenum in the form of MoO3 as the active phase. These catalysts were prepared from
(NH4)6Mo7O24 ∙ 4H2O and activated carbon EuroPh. Finally active phases MoO3 on EuroPh were obtained. The catalysts were
characterized by XRD, nitrogen sorption at 77K, FESEM with EDX, and ICP-AES methods. The concentration of Mo in the
catalysts was equal to 0.68, 1.32, and 2.64 wt% [5].
The oxidation of limonene was carried out at the temperature 70oC, at the molar ratio of limonene/oxidant (hydrogen
peroxide or TBHP) = 1:2, for the methanol concentration 95 wt%, the catalyst content 2.45 wt%, the reaction time 0.5-72h, and at
the intensity of stirring 500 rpm. The reaction mixtures were analysed by the gas chromatography method. The unreacted hydrogen
peroxide was calculated with help of the iodometric titration method. For the detailed description the process of limonene oxidation
the following functions were calculated: the selectivities of the products of limonene oxidation and the products of their
transformation, the conversion of limonene and the efficiency of hydrogen peroxide conversion (in case when hydrogen peroxide
was used as the oxidant).
The obtained in this work results show that the nanoporous carbon catalysts containing molybdenum in the form of MoO3
as the active phase were very effective catalysts for the oxidation of limonene with H2O2 and WNTB as oxidants and in methanol
as the solvent. For this process the formation of carveol, carvone, perillyl alcohol, 1,2-epoxylimonene (only in the oxidation with
TBHP) and 1,2-epoxylimonene diol (only in the oxidation with hydrogen peroxide) was observed. Especially, the formation of
perillyl alcohol and carveol is important because the possibility of the utilization of these two compounds in the anti-cancerous
combination therapy of various kinds of cancer.
Keywords: limonene oxidation, carveol, perillyl alcohol, Mo containing nanoporous carbon catalysts
REFERENCES [1] Ch.M. Byrne, S.D. Allen, E.B. Lobkovsky and G.W. Coates, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126, 11404, 2004.
[2] P.A. Wilborn, F. Chu and Ch. Tang, Macrom. Rap. Commun. 34, 8, 2013.
[3] A. Gupta, S.P. Stratton and P.B. Myrdal, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 37, 447, 2005.
[4] A. Gupta and P.B. Myrdal, Int. J. Pharm. 269, 373, 2004.
[5] A. Wróblewska, B. Michalkiewicz, E. Makuch and J. Młodzik, "The way of limonene oxidation (Sposób utleniania
limonenu)", Polish Patent Application P 413464, 2015.
P a g e | 65
P-16: (Abstract ref: 2-009)
Implementation of Crank Nicolson Scheme in Cell Dynamics Simulation of Diblock Copolymers
Sohail Ahmed1*, Waqar Ahmed2, Dung Ly1,3
1School of Physical Sciences and Computing, University of Central Lancashire Preston, United Kingdom. 2School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Central Lancashire Preston, United Kingdom.
3Brunel University London, United Kingdom. *Presenting author’s detail: [email protected]; Tel No. +447456977977
Abstract
Block copolymers are long chain molecules composed of several different polymer blocks covalently bonded into one
macromolecule. The studies for the block copolymers have been done theoretically and experimentally for many years because
they are materials that due to their intrinsic property of microphase separation can self–assembly into different nanostructures.
Experimental study of these materials is very time consuming and therefore computer simulations have been performed in a
computer–aided design of new block copolymer materials. Experimental studies are quite challenging because of the natural
complexity of the block copolymers molecules. In this context, the computer simulations have been beneficial to understand
numerical results of experiments for the useful inferences. Many computational techniques were designed to study block
copolymer systems. Cell dynamics simulation (CDS) technique is based on solving partial differential equations (PDEs) and is
computationally very fast compared to other simulation methods. This technique is employed to obtain numerical results of
lamellae copolymer morphology for one order parameter evolution. In this contribution the focus is made on finite difference
schemes and their use in computer simulation of PDEs involved in diblock copolymers (two blocks per molecule). The Crank
Nicolson (CN) scheme of finite difference method is implemented targeting CDS equations. The CN scheme is unconditionally
stable but slow in comparison with Forward Euler’s method which is fast but not very stable.
P a g e | 66
P-17: (Abstract ref: 3-024)
Preparation and Characterisation of Lipid – Fullerene (C60) systems
Z. Moinuddin1, Y. Agarwal2, C. V. Kulkarni*
1University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK; 2Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +44(0)1772894339
Keywords: Lipids, Fullerene, Nanoparticles, Self assembly, Interactions
Due to their hydrophobic nature, small size and many more exciting characteristics, fullerenes have gained much
attention throughout varying areas of science [1]. These properties allow such molecules to be used for drug delivery
purposes, however, when used in large quantities, toxic effects may be posed to the human system. Lipids consist of
unique self assemblies when in their bulk phase (such as cubosomes and hexosomes) which interact nicely with
fullerene, C60 to yield novel matrices for drug delivery. Lipids are biodegradable materials, are easy to handle and have
been used in the past with nanomaterials such as Carbon nanotubes and hydrogels for the preparation of successful
drug delivery systems [2, 3]
This work looks into the preparation of Lipid – Fullerene C60 systems by simply combining certain amounts of molten
lipid and Fulleren, C60. The characterisation of the interactions taking place between the two counterparts has been
confirmed using Raman Spectroscopy. Such technique has shown how the addition of Fullerene, C60, to lipid yields
interactions and shifts in the spectra, the interactions have also been observed by visible colour changes (with varying
concentration of Fullerene) in the Lipid- Fullerene mixtures.
The work highlights the potential use for such unique systems for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications by the
combination of two unique nanomaterials.
References:
[1] F. Cataldo, Chemistry and Physics of Lipids, 163, 524-529, 2010.
[2] C. V. Kulkarni et al, International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 479, 416-422.
[3] N. P. Gaunt et al, Nanoscale, 7, 1090 – 1095.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 67
P-18: (Abstract ref: 1-016)
Development Of Prototype Carbon Based Magnetic Nanocomposites For Removal Of Organic
Pollutants Present In Water
E.Jones*, N.Costa and T. Sen
University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
Email:[email protected]; Tel No. +44(0)7772991413
ABSTRACT The development of hybrid superparamagnetic nanocomposites using inorganic and organic oxides, including the composition of
imidazolium based ionic liquids. This project is in co-operation with Hebei University and Dr. Xiaoqiang Qiao. Dr. Xiaoqiang
Qiao most recent work entitled “Imidazolium embedded C8 based stationary phase for simultaneous reversed-phase/hydrophilic
interaction mixed-mode chromatography” has produced a very powerful separation Ionic Liquid technology [1]. This research
involves the functionalisation of Superparamagnetic Silica Core Shell Magnetite with an Ionic Liquid.
This work aims to assess the ability of absorption/photo-degradation of several organic compounds as model experiments with
these novel nanocomposites. The multifunctionality of these composites comprise of desirable physical and chemical properties to
interact with organic pollutants i.e. the incorporation of activated carbons high surface area allows for adsorption [2]; imidazolium-
based ionic liquids consist of a π conjugated system and an imidazole cation which allows for multi-interactions, such as
electrostatic, dipole-dipole, hydrogen bonding, and π-π interactions. The presence of the core shell superparamagnetic iron allows
for easy one step magnetic separation [1].
Keywords: superparamagnetic, nanocomposite, ionic liquid, imidazolium, separation.
Using his technology this project intends to create; Fe3O4-SIL-MPS-VOL.
This nanocomposite will be tested against several common dye pollutants found in waste waters; such as methylene blue, congo-
red and allure red. Its efficiency will be measured by monitoring various controls of polluted water samples with a UV-Vis
spectrophotometer. The concentrations of the dyes will then be calculated and plotted by a time vs absorbance graph, in
conjunction with the appropriate calibration graph. The composites can then be simply removed from these controls by a simple
magnet, ready to be tested again.
REFERENCES [1] Qiao, X, 2014. Imidazolium embedded C8 based stationary phase for simultaneous reversed-phase/hydrophilic interaction
mixed-mode chromatography. [Manuscript] At: China: Hebei University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences. [2] Eizadi-sharifabad, F. Hodgson, B. Jellite, M. Mercer, T and Sen, T. “Enantioselective formation of 4-(R)-hydroxycyclopent-2-
en-1-(S)-acetate by chiral catalysis using enzymes immobilized magnetic core-shell nanocomposites.”, Chemical Communications,
Issue 76, 2014 pp. 2-3.
Figure 1. Synthesis of Fe3O4-SIL-MPS-VOL [1]
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 68
P-19: (Abstract ref: 3-013)
Microwave Induced Heterogeneous Catalysis Using Transition Metal Containing Hierarchically
Ordered Porous Catalysts
I. Nwafor1 and T. Sen1, 2
1School of Physical Sciences and Computing, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK, [email protected] [email protected]; Tel No. +44(0)1772894371
ABSTRACT
With its combination of chemical characteristics and physical characteristics, hierarchically ordered porous catalysts have shown
great possibilities in research and practical applications. [1] Applications include adsorption, catalysis and hydrogen storage. [2] The
catalysts have been synthesized using a colloidal template to create macroporosity in the structure from polystyrene latex. The
meso and microporosity is generated using a non-ionic surfactant pluoronic F127 (EO107PO70EO107). This was done in an acidic
medium and use of TEOS as the silica source. [3] The calcined template was soaked in a vanadium containing solution and then
calcined. The catalytic performance was investigated under microwave reactions compared with Sen et al. conventional reaction
methods. Various bulky molecules such as cis-cyclooctene and toluene were epoxidised and oxidized respectively in the presence
of H2O2. The characteristics of the catalyst were analysed using N2 adsorption, Hg microporosimetry, TEM, SEM and other
techniques.
Keywords: nanoparticles, catalysis, hierarchical, mesoporous, macroporous
REFERENCES [1] Sen, T.; Whittle, J.; Howard, M. “A hierarchically ordered porous novel vanado-silicate catalyst for highly efficient
oxidation of bulky organic molecules” Chemical Communications, 48, 4232 – 4234, 2012.
[2] Howard, M.; Whittle, J.; Zhang, F.; Zhao, D.; T Sen. “Novel Hierarchically Ordered Porous Vanado-Silicate
Nanocomposites for the Application in Industrial Catalysis” Nanotechnology 2010: Advanced Materials, CNTs, Particles,
Films and Composites, 1, 495-498, 2012.
[3] Sen, T. “Novel Nanocomposites: Hierarchically Ordered Porous Silica for the Immobilisation of Enzyme as Bio-catalyst”
Nanotechnology 2010: Advanced Materials, CNTs, Particles, Films and Composites, 1, 784–787, 2010.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 69
P-20: (Abstract ref: 1-027)
Synthesis of zinc ferrite nanoparticles and evaluation of their photocatalytic properties with visible
light irradiation
I. Nwafor1, A. Davidson 2 T. Sen1
1School of Physical Sciences and Computing, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK, [email protected] 2 Université Pierre et Marie CURIE, Laboratoire de Reactivite de Surface, Paris, France, [email protected]
[email protected]; tel no. +44(0)1772894371
ABSTRACT
Ferrite nanoparticles have generated a wide range of interest due to their strong structural, optical and magnetic properties.[1][2][3]
Zinc ferrites nanoparticles were synthesized through 3 different methods; precipitation, replication using a silica source and the use
of a polymer. The crystal sizes and structure of the synthesized nanoparticles were studied using a particle size analyser, X-ray
diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and nitrogen adsorption. XRD results showed quenched and non-
quenched precipitation methods produced larger crystallites sizes than replication with SBA. Furthermore XRD analysis resulted in
the franklinite and hematite structures being present in the crystals. The zinc ferrite nanoparticles synthesized crystallite sizes were
confirmed by TEM as seen in figures below. The photocatalytic effect was also studied with the use of UV analysis. Ferrite
nanocrystals have great chemical and thermal stability; additionally they demonstrate good photocatalytic activity. Zinc ferrites
have potential future applications in the field of industrial photo-degradation.
Keywords: zinc ferrites, nanoparticles, photocatalysis, oxidation
REFERENCES [1] E. Casbeer, V.K. Sharma, X.-Z. Li, Synthesis and photocatalytic activity of ferrites under visible light: A review, Sep. Purif.
Technol. 87 (2012) 1–14.
[2] J.-F. Guo, B. Ma, A. Yin, K. Fan, W.-L. Dai, Photodegradation of rhodamine B and 4-chlorophenol using plasmonic
photocatalyst of Ag–AgI/Fe3O4@SiO2 magnetic nanoparticle under visible light irradiation, Appl. Catal. B Environ. 101
(2011) 580–586.
[3] D. Mishra, K. Senapati, C. Borgohain, A. Perumal, CoFe2O4−Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanocomposites as Photocatalyst for the
Degradation of Methyl Orange Dye, J. Nanotechnol. 2012 (2012).
Figure 1: (Left) Zn ferrite method 3 solvothermal-30000X, (Right) Zn ferrite method 2 precipitation quenched-20000X
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 70
P-21: (Abstract ref: 2-036)
Reliable and Versatile Preparation of Biocompatible Gold Nanorods for Hyperthermia Study
Francesco Rossi and Nguyen TK Thanh*
Biophysics Group, Department of Physics & Astronomy University College London Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK & UCL
Healthcare Biomagnetic and Nanomaterials Laboratory 21 Albemarle Street, London W1S 4BS &
*Email: [email protected] Tel No: +44 (0) 2074916509
ABSTRACT
The plasmon resonance of gold nanorods (GNR) is able to convert absorbed light in heat, making them promising candidate for
hyperthermia study in biological samples [1]. The use of these particles have been limited by the difficulty of obtaining a precise
control on the length of the rods and by the necessity of using toxic surfactants as template during the formation of the particles.
GNRs have been synthetized using CTAB micelles as template and they have been tuned to desired aspect ratio by varying the
concentration and the affinity for gold of the salts in solution [2]. In order to increase the biocompatibility of the nanorods the
presence of CTAB on the surface have to be removed. Our procedure offers a reliable and versatile preparation route in order to
obtain high control on the aspect ratio of the rods and an efficient method to remove the presence of surfactant from the surface of
the rods.
The results have been obtained using cycles of ultracentrifugation and redispersion in presence of a polymeric agent. This polymer
is able to lightly bind the surface of the nanorods offering a weak stabilization and it can be easily displaced by a stabilizing agent
with greater affinity for the surface of the rods [3].
The procedure have been used to prepare GNRs stabilized with citrate and PEG-SH (5000).
Keywords: gold nanorods, aspect ratio, biocompatibility, stabilization
[1] Terry B. Huff and Alexander Wei, “Hyperthermic effects of gold nanorods on tumor cells,” Nanomedicine (Lond.), 125 – 132,
2007.
[2] Roger M. Pallares and N. K. T. Thanh, “Fine-tuning gold nanorod dimensions and plasmonic properties using the Hofmeister
effects, J. Mater. Chem. C, 53 – 61, 4, 2016.
[3] Jonathan G. Methala and Alexander Wei, “Citrate-stabilized gold nanorods”, Langmuir, 13727 – 13730, 30, 2014
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 71
Figure 1: Average number of cells over 12 days
against number of cells
P-22: (Abstract ref: 2-035)
Toxicological Study of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
S. Siddique*, Y.Sen and T.Sen,
Nano-biomaterials Research Group, School of Physical Sciences and Computing,
University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +44(0)7921026219
ABSTRACT
Toxicity of two different Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), R2MC: core nanoparticles (NPs)) and QBLSSM:
silica-coated NPs with and without Mitomycin C (MMC) has been tested. Toxicity was measured using two different assays such
as MTT and an MTS, enabling the chance to compare two assay techniques.
Transmission Electron microscope (TEM) was used to visualize the NPs and further characterized by FT-IR and Variable sample
magnetometry (VSM).
A cell growth curve was then established to understand when cells
reached maximum confluence, see figure 1. NPs cell toxicity was
tested in three different concentrations, with and without MMC using
MTT and MTS assays via the fluorescence measurement of cells.
The values were used to calculate percentage cell viability. The
amount of MMC loaded onto NPs was calculated by measuring the
absorbance of a series of known MMC concentration in solution,
establishing a standard MMC curve which helped us to calculate the
unknown concentration.
It was found that NPs were non-toxic, as there was not a significant
difference in the fluorescence. Although both assays helped us to
understand that NPs were non-toxic, however MTS assay was
significantly quicker to use for routine analysis.
Keywords: nanoparticles, toxicity, SPIONs, cell culture, Mitomycin
REFERENCES [1] Albrecht, M. A.; Evans, C. W.; Raston, C. L. Green Chemistry and the Health Implications of Nanoparticles. Green Chem.
2006, 8, 417-432.
[2] Alivisatos. (1996). Semiconductor Clusters, Nanocrystals and Quantom Dots. J Stor. 271 (1), p933-937.
[3] Bao, S; Darell, DB; Dewhirst, MW; Hao, Y; Hjemeland, AB; McLendon, RE; Rich JN; Shi, Q; Wu, Q. (2006). Glioma stem
cells promote radioresistance by preferential activation of the DNA damage response.nature. 444 (1), p756-760.
[4] Sen, T.; Magdassi, S.; Nizri, G.; Bruce, I. J. Dispersion of magnetic nanoparticles in suspension. Micro & Nano Letters
2006, 1 (1), 39-42.
.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 72
P-23: (Abstract ref: 2-040)
Studies on the Au-S Bond and the Ag-S Bond in the Gold-Specific Protein GolB
Wei Wei, Yang Sun, Yi Cao, Jing Zhao
1 State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University,.
2State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, School of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 3National
Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Department of Physics, Nanjing University
Nanjing , 210093, P. R. China
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
A gold-specific binding protein, GolB, was recently identified, providing a unique opportunity for the study of the Au-S bond at
the molecular level. First, we probed the mechanical strength of the gold-sulfur bond in GolB using single molecule force
spectroscopy. We measured the rupture force of the Au-S bond to be 165 pN, much lower than Au-S bonds measured on different
gold surfaces (~1000 pN). We further solved the structures of apo-GolB and Au(I)-GolB complex using X-ray crystallography.
These structures showed that the average Au-S bond length in GolB is much longer than the reported average value of Au-S bonds.
Our results highlight the dramatic influence of the unique biological environment on the stability and strength of metal
coordination bonds in proteins.
Second, we explored the relationship between silver ions and the CXXC copper-binding motif. We have determined two crystal
structures of Atx1 copper chaperone and GolB bound to silver ions. The structures revealed that the conserved CXXC copper-
binding motif coordinates a tetrasilver cluster, exhibiting a unique Ag-Ag metal bond. Combining with the silver tolerance results,
the formation of the silver clusters might represent the molecular basis for bacterial silver resistance mediated by copper transport
pathways.
Keywords: Au-S bond, gold binding protein, low mechanical stability
REFERENCES 1. Wei, W.; Sun, Y.; Liu, X.; Sun, P.; Wang, F.; Gui, Q.; Meng, W.; Cao, Y.*; Zhao, J.*, “Structural Insights and the
Surprisingly Low Mechanical Stability of the Au-S Bond in the Gold-specific Protein GolB”. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2015,
15358–15361..
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 73
P-24: (Abstract ref: 1-019)
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 74
P-25: (Abstract ref: 2-042)
Optimising Nanocarrier Drug Delivery System for Antimalarial Chemotherapy
S. Zwayen1*, N. Nirmalan2, P.C. Seville1 and K.K. Singh1
1School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences,
University of Central Lancashire, Preston, Lancashire, PR1 2HE, United Kingdom 2School of Environment and life Sciences, University of Salford, Manchester
*Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +44(0)7482211452
ABSTRACT
Malaria is a global health priority with more than three billion people at risk of acquiring the disease transmitted to humans by the
bite of female mosquitoes “Anopheles gambiae”, one of the most widespread and difficult to control vector [1] Malaria still falls in
the category of neglected disease as it suffers from insufficient research and development in therapy and vaccines worldwide,
costing millions of lives, despite the efforts of several non-profit partnership initiatives and the Tropical Diseases Research
Programme of the World Health Organization TDR/WHO [2]. Nanoparticles (NPs) have the ability to remain in the blood stream
for a long period of time. Hence they could prove useful for improving the interaction with the red blood cells (RBCs), especially
in the case of antimalarial drugs. Nanoparticles protect unstable drugs against extracellular degradation that will reduce the
frequency of administration and duration of treatment. Furthermore, nanoparticles can be surface modified by conjugation with
specific ligands to improve active targeting to parasitized RBCs, increase selectivity and improve bioavailability of antimalarial
drugs [3].
The aim of the present work was to investigate polymer based nanoparticles as carriers for antimalarial chemotherapy. A
macromolecular polymer carrier that has been known to be biodegradable, nontoxic, metabolized in-vivo to produce innocuous
degradation products, non-immunogenic, and allowing ease of delivery by injection was used to design the nanocarrier system.
One of artemisinin derivatives was used as a model drug for the preparation of the nanoparticles. A physical mixture of the drug
and polymeric solution was prepared containing an optimised drug: polymer ratio with suitable surfactant for stabilization. Organic
phase was used for desolvation followed by high-pressure homogenization. Stirring speed, process temperature, homogenization
pressure and number of cycles were found be critical parameters that affect the formation of nanoparticles. The formulated NPs
were characterized for mean particle size and particle size distribution (Polydispersity) using photon correlation spectroscopy.
Robust nanoparticles with mean particle size of 123.8 nm with a Polydispersity index of 0.28 0.01 was obtained
successfully. For future work the characterized nanoparticles will be optimized and surface modified with specific ligands to
improve targeting, circulation and enhance bioavailability.
REFERENCES
[1] WHO. (2003) The Africa Malaria Report.
http://www.rollbackmalaria.org/amd2003/amr2003/pdf/amr2003.pdf, accessed on 15th April 2009.
[2] WHO. (2015) World Malaria Report.
http://www.who.int/malaria/publications/world-malaria-report-2015/report/en/
[3] Aditya, N.P., Vathsala, P.G., Vieira, V., Murthy, R.S.R. & Souto, E.B. 2013, "Advances in nanomedicines for malaria
treatment", Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, vol. 201–202, no. 0, pp. 1-17.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 75
P-26: (Abstract ref: 3-028)
Nanoporous solids: Pore size determination by a combination of Electron Microscope and adsorption
using Nitrogen gas and Mercury porosimety
P. Suwal1 and T. Sen2*
1University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK, 2University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
*Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +44(0)1772894371
ABSTRACT The aim of the experiment was to use electron microscope and porosity measurement by gas adsorption and mercury porosimetry
for the identification of Nanoporous solids. Porous materials are widely used in different fields of modern technology like
heterogeneous catalysis; bone mimicking, water purification, liquid or gas chromatography etc. The shape and size of the pores are
of main concern for the practical application of these materials [3]. Hence, it is important to find out an easy, reliable and effective
method for the characterisation of porous materials. Nitrogen gas adsorption and mercury porosimetry are complementary
technique because nitrogen gas adsorption can determine pore diameter range of 0.3-300nm whereas mercury porosimetry can
determine pore diameter range of 3nm-200µm [1]. Packed Silica nanoparticles and hierarchically ordered porous silica
nanocomposites were analysed in this experiment for the determination of pore size distribution. For this purpose, firstly we used
nitrogen gas adsorption technique using Micromeritics ASAP 2010 instrument for the measurement of BET surface area and got
the value 16.73m2/g for silica nanoparticle and 39.82m2/g. Then we measured pore size distribution using Micromeritics AutoPore
IV instrument and found two types of pores in packed silica nanoparticles with pore diameters 0.126 µm and 63 µm. Finally, we
analysed particle sizes, pore sizes, morphology and elemental composition of these two nanoparticles with scanning electron
microscope (FEI quanta 200).
By pairing gas adsorption technique with mercury porosimetry, range or pore diameter measurement can be increased but there
may be slight variation in the results obtained by these two techniques which may be due to the sample compression in mercury
porosimeter [2]. Finally, the pore size distribution determined by porosity measurement can be correlated with the morphology of
the porous material with the help of Scanning Electron Microscope.
Figure 2: Isotherm for packed silica nanoparticles (from
nitrogen gas adsorption)
Figure 3: Pore size distribution for packed silica nanoparticles
(from mercury porosimetry)
Keywords: nanoparticles, nitrogen adsorption, mercury porosimetry, porosity measurement
REFERENCES [1] S. Westermarck, Use of Mercury Porosimetry and Nitrogen Adsorption in Characterization of the Pore Structure of
Mannitol and Microcrystalline Cellulose Powders, Granules and Tablets, Academic Dissertation, Department of Pharmacy,
University of Helsinki,2000
[2] P. A. Webb, “An Introduction To The Physical Characterization of Materials by Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry with
Emphasis On Reduction And Presentation of Experimental Data”, Micromeritics Instrument Corp, Norcross, Georgia, 2001
[3] J. Rouquerol, D. Anvir, W.C. Fairbridge, D.H. Everett, J.H. Haynes, N. Pernicone, et al. “Recommendations for the
characterization of porous solids”, Pure Appl Chem, 66, 1739–1758, 1994.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 76
Aqueous Phase
Aqueous Phase
Dispersed
Phase
Jetting Length
No
zzle
dia
me
ter
10
0µ
m
P-27: (Abstract ref: 3-010)
Nanoparticles Production from Microfluidics and Membrane Devices
David Odetade*, Goran T. Vladisavljevic, Chris Rielly
Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, LE11 3TU, United Kingdom* [email protected]
The control at micro- and nano-levels of particles for unique final products has been a subject of intense research for major part of
past decades. The use of conventional methods to achieve the level of control became inadequate and novel techniques were
discovered to further enhance the production of microparticles, and latterly, nanoparticles. The synthesis of nanoparticles moved to
the forefront of researches in different industries such as food, pharmaceutical, cosmetics and lots more, to develop products such
as the controlled-drug delivery in nanomedicine [1]–[3]
The importance of particle size in nanoparticles, in pharmaceutical industry has encouraged the variation and modification of
techniques, to obtain products such as in the encapsulation of active ingredients, in a safe, controlled-release of poor water-soluble
drugs[4] [5] during production of the nanoparticles in microfluidic devices. Other challenges such uniformly-sized droplets and
products on a micro- and nano-scale also led to novel methods being developed for production of these products. Nanoparticles
offer improved performance of active ingredients, as well as stability, controlled-delivery, increased comfort and reduction in
overall drug content in other industries such as food, cosmetics and other nanotechnology applications.
Drugs such as Hydrocortisone and Rapamycin poses problems, such
as the exact amount of the active ingredient to be delivered to the cells in
most need of these drugs in the body [6]. Novel microfluidic
techniques were developed with existing models to encapsulate
these drugs using the fabricated microfluidic devices [7]. Liposomes and
Niosomes were produced to encapsulate these drug
nanosuspensions, and various parameters were studied to observe changes
in these nanoparticles.
Figure 1 Production of nanosuspension in the microfluidic device as
captured by the high speed camera.
The release rates of the drugs, encapsulation efficiency, morphology,
nanoparticles diameter and stability were among the parameters
observed.
Keywords: nanoparticles, microfluidics, liposomes, niosomes, encapsulation.
REFERENCES
[1] T. Ward, M. Faivre, M. Abkarian, and H. a Stone, “Microfluidic flow focusing: drop size and scaling in pressure versus
flow-rate-driven pumping.,” Electrophoresis, vol. 26, no. 19, pp. 3716–24, Oct. 2005.
[2] R. a. Zangmeister and M. J. Tarlov, “DNA Displacement Assay Integrated into Microfluidic Channels,” Anal. Chem., vol.
76, no. 13, pp. 3655–3659, Jul. 2004.
[3] C.-H. Yang, K.-S. Huang, Y.-S. Lin, K. Lu, C.-C. Tzeng, E.-C. Wang, C.-H. Lin, W.-Y. Hsu, and J.-Y. Chang,
“Microfluidic assisted synthesis of multi-functional polycaprolactone microcapsules: incorporation of CdTe quantum dots,
Fe 3 O 4 superparamagnetic nanoparticles and tamoxifen anticancer drugs,” Lab Chip, vol. 9, no. 7, pp. 961–965, 2009.
[4] C.-X. Zhao, L. He, S. Z. Qiao, and A. P. J. Middelberg, “Nanoparticle synthesis in microreactors,” Chem. Eng. Sci., vol.
66, no. 7, pp. 1463–1479, Apr. 2011.
[5] J. Zhang, L. Wu, H.-K. Chan, and W. Watanabe, “Formation, characterization, and fate of inhaled drug nanoparticles.,”
Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., vol. 63, no. 6, pp. 441–55, May 2011.
[6] H. S. M. Ali, P. York, and N. Blagden, “Preparation of hydrocortisone nanosuspension through a bottom-up
nanoprecipitation technique using microfluidic reactors,” Int. J. Pharm., vol. 375, no. 1–2, pp. 107–113, Jun. 2009.
[7] G. Vladisavljević, I. Kobayashi, and M. Nakajima, “Production of uniform droplets using membrane, microchannel and
microfluidic emulsification devices,” Microfluid. Nanofluidics, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 151–178, 2012.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 77
P-28: (Abstract ref: 1-029)
Surface Energetics Measured by igc to Determine the Interaction of Nanofillers with Polymer Matrices
Nektaria Servi MBA – UK Sales Manager
Office: +44 (0) 208 795 9400
Mobile: +44 (0) 781 388 6478
Email: [email protected]
Web: www.surfacemeasurementsystems.com
Unit 5, Wharfside, Rosemont Road, Alperton, London. HA0 4PE, UK
Abstract
Ultimate composite strength is highly dependent on interfacial interactions between the filler material and matrix. Nanomaterials
are getting continued interest as reinforcement materials in composite systems [1-5]. Both carbon nanotubes and clay nanoparticles
have been studied as a means to improve composite properties. The quality and performance of nanocomposites depend strongly
on the interaction of the components at their interface. To enhance the adhesion properties at the interface, nanomaterials are often
exposed to various surface functionalisation processes. Filler-matrix interactions are commonly described by adhesion and
cohesion phenomena. Both properties depend on the surface energetic situation of the materials commonly expressed by the
surface energy. In this study, surface energies of different multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and nanoclays with different
surface treatments were determined by Inverse Gas Chromatography Surface Energy Analyzer (iGC SEA). Nanofiller-matrix
interactions have been calculated by means of the thermodynamic work of adhesion from the surface energy values and correlated
with composite mechanical properties.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 78
P-29: (Abstract ref: 2-041)
Saccharide-Coated Nanoparticles for Cell-Specific Targeting
T. W. Fallows1*, T. P. Coxon1, T. Bond1, J. E. Gough2, and S. J. Webb1
1Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
2School of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +44(0)7940273204
ABSTRACT
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have found a wide variety of uses in vivo such as magnetic resonance imaging, drug delivery,
cancer hyperthermia therapy and magnetophoresis [1]. In order to enhance the biomedical value of these MNPs they are often
functionalised with ligands such as peptides, antibodies and other small molecules [2] which can actively target certain cells.
Hydrazones are an easy to form functional group synthesised by the condensation of a hydrazide with an aldehyde. Condensing
3,4-dihydroxybenzhydrazide with aldehydes bearing recognition groups that target cell surface receptors might allow MNPs to
bind specific cell types. Previous work has shown that biotin-catechol hydrazones are effective at rapidly coating magnetite (Fe3O4)
nanoparticles, giving functionalised MNPs that target the surface receptors of 3T3 cells [3]. Similarly, condensing 3,4-
dihydroxybenzhydrazide with a reducing sugar, a process often followed by cyclisation, provides sugar-hydrazides with catechol
functionality, a class of compound of particular interest. A range of saccharides, such as glucose and galactose have also been
shown to effectively form sugar-hydrazides with good yield and anomeric purity upon condensation with 3,4-
dihydroxybenzhydrazide.
The stability of the resulting catechol-nanoparticle coating has been analysed and compares favourably to resorcinol analogues.
The ability of sugar-coated nanoparticles to interact with a specific cell line was investigated by incubating the coated MNPs with
either 3T3 fibroblasts or HepG2 carcinoma cells. A significant increase in interactions was observed for one sugar coating versus
other types [4].
Recent work has looked at the synthesis of saccharide-terminated lipids using the same chemistry. It is hoped that these lipids can
be used to form vesicles for encapsulation and targeted drug delivery.
Figure 1: General scheme for formation of saccharide coated MNPs, using glucose-hydrazide adduct as an example.
Keywords: carbohydrates, cells, magnetic nanoparticles, targeting, saccharides
REFERENCES [1] S. Laurent, D. Forge, M. Port, A. Roch, C. Robic, L. V. Elst and R. N. Muller, Chem. Rev., 2008, 108, 2064-2110.
[2] D. N. Ho, N. Kohler, A. Sigdel, R. Kalluri, J. R. Morgan, C. Xu and S. Sun, Theranostics, 2012, 2,66-75.
[3] T. Coxon, A. Almond and S. J. Webb, MRS Proceedings, 2014, 1688.
[4] T. P. Coxon, T. W. Fallows, J. E. Gough, S. J. Webb, Org. Biomol. Chem., 2015, 13, 10751-10761.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 79
P-30: (Abstract ref: 2-039)
The toxicity of nanomaterials to the freshwater microalga
Raphidocelis subcapitata
F. Alqahtani1, H. Johnston1, V. Stone1 and T. F. Fernandes1
1Nanosafety Research Group, School of Life Sciences, Heriot-Watt University,
EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
This presentation reports the results of a study assessing the effects of different nanomaterials on the microalga Raphidocelis
subcapitata. The increased use of nanomaterials in a wide range of products has led to their potential release into the environment.
In this study the microalga Raphidocelis subcapitata was exposed to different concentrations of a range of nanomaterials widely
used in consumer applications. Algal growth was assessed at different time points (0, 24h, 48h, and 72h) using different methods,
namely optical density (OD) and fluorescence of the culture, as well as chlorophyll a, after extraction (OECD guideline 201).
Results indicate a dose response effect, with increased inhibition observed with increased nanomaterial concentration. A
comparison of the different nanomaterials studied was made in regards to their toxicity to the microalga and results indicated that
the physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials are able to influence their toxicity as well as the approach used to suspend the
nanomaterials.
Keywords: toxicity, nanomaterials, sonication and Raphidocelis subcapitata
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 80
P-31: (Abstract ref: 2-043)
Resveratrol-Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: Effect of Liquid Lipids and Surfactants on Particle Size
and Stability
C. Houacine, J. Alder, P. Roberts and K. K. Singh
School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
[email protected], Tel No: +447825334769
Second generation drug delivery systems, nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) have been developed for their several advantages
over the first generation solid lipid nanoparticles, by modifying the lipid matrix with liquid lipid oil. In order to overcome the
physicochemical and pharmacokinetic limitations of the Resveratrol (a potent anti-cancer drug), it has been commonly
encapsulated in solid lipid carriers. These, however, suffer significantly from stability issues and poor drug loading. The purpose of
the present work was to develop NLCs, loaded with Resveratrol (RES); by mixing three different carrier liquid oils with solid lipid
to formulate stable nanoparticles. The effect of addition of three different type of liquid lipids was studied on the particle size,
polydispersity index, zeta potential and short term stability of the developed NLC formulations.
Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) were prepared using hot melt homogenization technique. Briefly, a hot aqueous surfactant
solution (preheated to 80ºC; 10ºC above the lipid’s melting point), was added to the melted lipid phase comprising of Trimyristin
utilized as the solid lipid and the following three liquid lipids; PEG-8 Caprylic/Capric, Tricaprylin and Decyl 9-octadecenoate .
Glycerides were employed to modify the lipid matrix. Combination of hydrohhilic and hydrophobic surfactant was added to the
water phase to stabilise the nanoparticles. The pre-emulsion was obtained using T25 basic Ultra-Turrax (IKA, Staufen, Germany)
followed by high-pressure homogenization (Nano DeBEE. BEE International. Inc. Easton). Particle size, Polydispersity index and
zeta potential were measured via a Malvern Zetasizer. Transmission Electron Microscopy was used to check the sphericity of the
formulated nanoparticles.
Initially, the same concentration of liquid lipids (0.75%) was examined for its impact upon particle size, polydispersity index (PDI)
and zeta potential values of the formulated NLCs. The lowest observed particle size (47.81±4.110 nm) of NLC was obtained when
using Tricaprylin as liquid oil, with a PDI of (0.237 ±0.012) .However, upon addition of PEG-8 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides,
particle size was found to increase (63.39±5.997nm), though PDI (0.216±0.004) was low indicating high particle size uniformity
when this oil was employed; when compared directly with Decyl 9-octadecenoate containing NLCs having the size of
(52.67±5.670nm) and PDI of (0.227±0.002).The zeta potential of the optimized NLCs is known to effect electrochemical stability
of the final product. Thus, zeta potential values were found to range between (-21.8± 0.251 to -25±1.171 mV), indicating enhanced
electrochemical stability. Furthermore, Tricaprylin was observed to yield stable NLCs with minimal increase in particle size and
PDI over the period of three months when compared to the other liquid lipids.
The study findings indicate that NLCs stability was strongly affected by the type of liquid oils. Moreover, a small change in the
particle size and PDI was observed over the period of three months indicating the good stability of the formulated nanoparticles.
In conclusion, Resveratrol-NLCs have been developed with robust mean particle size (47.81-52.67nm) and PDI. NLCs exhibited a
spherical shape and were found to retain sphericity over a three months period, indicating good stability of the formulations.
REFERENCES
1. Delmas, D., Lancon, A., Colin, D., Jannin, B. & Latruffe, N. (2006). Resveratrol as a chemopreventive agent: A
promising molecule for fighting cancer. Curr Drug Targets, 7, 423-442.
2. ICH, 2009. ICH Guideline Q8 (R2): Pharmaceutical Development.
3. Pople, P. V. & Singh, K. K. (2011). Development and Evaluation of Colloidal Modified Nanolipid Carrier: Application to
topical delivery of tacrolimus. Eur J Pharm Biopharm, 79, 82-94.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 81
P-32: (Abstract ref: 2-044)
Nanomedicine
Prof. Robert Thomas Forbes
School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Cental Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, UK
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 82
P-33: (Abstract ref: 1-028)
Preparation of the Novel NHC-Sulphur Ligands as Precursors for Fe-NHC-Sulphur Complexes to be
Used for Hydrogenases Modelling and Materials for Hydrogen Storage
S. McDougall, D. Britton, N. Bramah, L. Penfold, R. Masshadi, and S. Zlatogorsky
School of Physical Sciences and Computing, UCLan, Preston, UK, [email protected]
The aim of this project is to synthesise metal-NHC (NHC = N-Heterocyclic Carbene) complexes, where the metal is either silver or
iron. It is hoped that the Fe-NHCs will be able to achieve reversible heterolytic splitting of hydrogen across the Fe-carbene bond
similar to what is shown in Scheme 1.1 This would create prerequisites for the use of these compounds as hydrogenase models and
hydrogen storage materials.
Scheme 1
In all natural hydrogenase enzymes Fe is ligated by CO, CN- and a S-(cysteine) motifs.2 This means that the synthetic models
designed by us need to contain ligands with similar electronic properties to the ones above. The electronic properties of NHCs (σ-
donors capable of backbonding) are similar to those of CN- and CO and the NHCs are known to support iron in a range of
oxidation states (Fe0-Fev).3 Also, NHCs were not tried as ligands for hydrogenase models before, unlike CN- and CO.2 In addition
to the above, the basicity of a free carbene coupled with its lability when coordinated to Fe4,5 makes Fe-NHCs ideal unexplored
candidates for probing hydrogenase-like behaviour (e.g. heterolytic H2 cleavage across the Fe-NHC bond).1 However, due to their
lability, Fe-NHC complexes lack stability.4,5 To address this, we intend to introduce sulphur-based “Fe-anchoring” function(s) into
an NHC ligand. Metallation of these sulphur-based Fe-anchored complexe will give stable Fe-S-NHC complexes; this idea is based
on the known stability of sulphur-bridged Fe clusters.6 The suggested sulphur-containing functional groups will include
thioketone(s), thiolate(s), thiocarboxylate(s), thiazole(s), etc. (Scheme 2)
N
N
HC/N
CH/N
N
N
N/CH
CH/N
EH HE
N
N
HC/N
CH/N
N
N
N/CH
CH/N
EH HE
N/CH
R
RR
R
R
RR
R
E = S, R = HE = O, R = Me
N
N/
N
N/ R
E
R
E+
CH CH
X-
Scheme 2
In this contribution, the preparation of imidazolium and triazolium pro-ligands along with the initial attempts at their metallation,
will be reported.
[1] Runyon. J.W, Steinhof. O, Rasika Dias. H.V, Calabrese. J.C, Marshall. W.J, Arduengo. A.J,. Australian journal of chemistry,
2011, Vol. 64.
[2] Tard, C.; Pickett, C. J. Chem. Rev. 2009, 109, 2245.
[3] Hou. J, Peng. X, Zhou. Z, Sun. S, Zhao. X, Gao. S. J. Organometallic Chemistry, 2006, 691. 4633
[4] Zlatogorsky, S.; Muryn, C. A.; Tuna, F.; Evans, D. J.; Ingleson, M. J. Organometallics 2011, 30, 4974.
[5] Zlatogorsky, S.; Ingleson, M. J. Dalton Trans. 2012, 41, 2685.
[6] Riener. K, Haslinger. S, Raba. A, Högerl. M.P, Cokoja. M, Herrmann. W.A, and Kühn. F.E. Chem Rev, 2014, 114. 5215
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 83
P-34: (Abstract ref: 1-030)
Wet Chemical Synthesis of Copper Nanowires for Transparent Conductive Electrodes
Q. Lonne*, R. D’Addario, L. Wang, A. Karcz, L. Rubio-Garcia, K. Ansab, Z. Huang, J. Endrino
Armenteros
Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]; Tel No. +44(0) 1234 752583
ABSTRACT
Transparent conductive electrodes (TCEs) play an essential role in the efficiency of devices such as touchscreens, light emitting
diodes (LEDs) and photovoltaic solar cells [1]. Currently, indium tin oxide (ITO) is the most used material for TCEs but presents
drawbacks such as high price due to scarcity and expensive process to form the TCEs, and brittleness. Hence, copper nanowires-
based TCEs represent a very good alternative because copper is very abundant and cheap, and nanowires can be produced and
processed at a large scale for a lower price than ITO [2]. However, efforts have to be made to reach a good compromise between
transparency and conductivity.
In our work, high aspect ratio copper nanowires (Cu NWs) were obtained through wet chemical syntheses, using copper chloride
dehydrate as precursor and two different alkylamine as capping agents, oleylamine (OM) [3] and hexadecylamine (HDA) [4] . In
the first case, OM is the solvent, the reducing and the capping agent and necessitates the presence of catalytic nickel. In the second
case, the HDA is only the capping agent and requires the presence of water and glucose as solvent and reducing agent,
respectively. In both cases, the ratio between the different reactants has a very important impact on the morphology and purity of
the obtained NWs.
Inks containing various solvents, a dispersing agent (polyvinylpyrrolidone) and the Cu NWs were spread over polyethylene
terephthalate substrates with a Meyer rod to form thin films (i.e. the TCEs) [4-6]. The diameter of the coil wound around the Meyer
rod defines the thickness of the ink wet film. Moreover, the combination of the different solvents influences the spreading and
leveling of the wet film and hence the homogeneity of the final dry thin film. Finally, the dispersing agent has the crucial role to
ensure the good dispersion of the NWs through the TCE, which allow a low percolation threshold. Post treatments with acetic acid
were necessary in order to remove organic residues and oxide traces and to obtain an electrical conductivity through the Cu NWs
thin films.
The morphology of the nanowires and the thin films were investigated by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy
(SEM). The resistivity and the transmittance of the TCEs were measured using a 4-point probe apparatus and a spectrometer,
respectively.
Keywords: copper nanowires, transparent conductive electrodes, Meyer rod
REFERENCES [1] S. Ye , A. R. Rathmell , Z. Chen , I. E. Stewart and B. J. Wiley, Adv. Mater., 26, 6670–6687, 2014.
[2] D. V. R. Kumar, K. Woo and J. Moon, Nanoscale, 7, 17195-17210, 2015.
[3] H. Guo, N. Lin, Y. Chen, Z. Wang, Q. Xie, T. Zheng, N. Gao, S. Li, J. Kang, D. Cai and D.-L. Peng, Sci. Rep., 3,
2323, 2013.
[4] M. Kevin, G. Y. R. Limb and G. W. Ho, Green Chem., 17, 1120-1126, 2015.
[5] Y. Ahn, Y. Jeong, D. Lee and Y. Lee, ACS Nano, 9, 3125–3133, 2015.
[6] A. R. Rathmell and B. J. Wiley, Adv. Mater., 23, 4798-4803, 2011.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 84
P-35: (Abstract ref: 1-012)
In a Search of a Non-Linear Optical Material for Laser Light Harvesting: Nano-Carbon Aqueous
Suspensions Doped by a Polymer
A.Nikolaeva1*, A.Vlasov1 and I. Kislyakov2
1Institute of Chemistry, St.Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskiy pr., 198504, St.Petersburg, Russia; 2ITMO University, 49
Kronverksky pr., 197101, St.Petersburg, Russia *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The use of aqueous suspensions of nano-carbon particles stabilized by amphiphiles or polymers for nonlinear optical (NLO) filters
is promising for switching or limiting of laser radiation. NLO phenomena in such systems, in a substantial part, result from photo-
induced scattering: optical energy converts into heat on nano-particles providing inhomogenuities in the medium – whereupon light
scatters. The issues in the design of fluid water-based nano-sized carbon NLO materials are: 1) fluid phase state is not universally
relevant for practical use (however, in solid-like material incurable disruptions in the focus of high-intensity laser impinging will
show up); 2) fluid materials manifest low stability regarding a bleaching effect due to the depletion of the nano-carbon in the focal
volume around the laser light optical path in a pulse-periodic mode.
1) To figure out the first issue we employed a common stabilizer of nano-carbon (CBS or single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT))
suspensions, Pluronic F127, not solely as such, but also as a solvent modifier, at higher concentrations (above ca. 13 % wt.), when
it forms a rigid thermo-reversible hydrogel in water in a broad temperature interval (phase diagram was examined by DSC,
rheology and vibrational viscometry). In the gel state material exhibits good NLO characteristics, whilst upon disruption by high-
intensity laser light it can be rejuvenated by a thermo-reversible phase transition into a micellar solution with successive reverting
to a solid state gel. This provides a scenario for a design of a self-healing solid-like NLO material.
2) With regard to the second problem we doped suspensions of SWCNTs and CBS stabilized by sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate
(SDBS) by polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). This additive provides suppression of the bleaching effect in a pulse-periodic regime of laser
light at polymer concentrations ca. 0.2-0.4 % wt. (z-scan technique), which is below the overlap PVA concentration. We give a
phenomenological account of the phenomenon by investigation into size distribution of supramolecular particles (DLS) in
premicellar and micellar polymer-aqueous solutions of SDBS, the system making appearance as a prototype of an NLO material
with high bleaching resistivity.
This study was supported by a research grant of St.Petersburg State University #12.38.199.2014.
Keywords: nano-carbon composites, polymers, hydrogels, non-linear optical properties
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 85
P-36: (Abstract ref: 1-023)
Fabrication of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Thin Films
F. Çolak*, A. T. Mohseni, Ü. Çolak, N. K. Yavuz
1Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected] ; Tel No. +90(0)5076455156
ABSTRACT The need for transparent conductive films is growing rapidly as electronic devices, such as touch screens, displays, and
photovoltaics become essential in our lives. Doped metal oxides, in particular industry standard indium tin oxide, are the most
widely used materials for transparent conductors. However, these materials have several drawbacks, including a high refractive
index and haze, spectrally nonuniform optical transmission, limited flexibility, and a depleted raw material supply and exploration
of alternative materials has become inevitable [1].
Because of their high intrinsic carrier mobility, conductivity, and mechanical stability carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are promising
materials for electronics, as transparent electrodes. There are two commonly used methods for depositing SWNTs on substrates-
transferring CVD-grown SWNTs or deposition of solution processed SWNTs. Since CVD grown SWNTs can be highly aligned,
they often outperform solution-processed SWNT films that are typically in the form of randomly construcred networks. On the
other hand, solution-based SWNTs can be printed at a large-scale and at low-cost, rendering them more appropriate for
manufacturing [2].
In this study, transparent and conductive SWNT electrodes were fabricated on glass substrates. Vacuum filtration and spray coating
techniques were utilized for the deposition of SWNTs. Effects of deposition method, dispersing media, CNT type and post-
deposition acid treatments were investigated. Fabricated SWCNT thin films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy
(SEM) and UV-vis spectrophotometer. Four point probe measurements were also performed for determination of the sheet
resistance values of SWCNT thin films and the final properties were compared.
Keywords: carbon nanotubes, transparent conductive thin films, coatings
REFERENCES [1] L. Ke, R. S. Kumar, S. J. Chua, A. P. Burden, "Degradation study in flexible substrate organic light-emitting diodes," Appl.
Phys. A, 81, 969–974, 2005.
[2] S. Park, M. Vosguerichian, Z. Bao, "A review of fabrication and applications of carbon nanotube film-based flexible
electronics", Nanoscale, 5(5), 1727-52, 2013.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 86
P-37: (Abstract ref: SL-02)
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 87
P-38: (Abstract ref: 2-017)
Proniosomes: A Drug Delivery System for Letrozole
N. Khudair, H. Younes, *A. Elhissi
Pharmaceutical Sciences Section, College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qata *Presenting author’s details: Email: [email protected] or [email protected]; Tel No. +974 4403 5632
ABSTRACT
Niosomes are vesicle delivery systems that can encapsulate therapeutic agents, and are prepared using safe materials such as non-
ionic surfactants and cholesterol that can self-assemble into closed bilayer structures in presence of aqueous medium [1].
Proniosomes are stable powdered noisome formulations made by coating non-ionic surfactants and cholesterol onto carbohydrate
carrier particles. The addition of aqueous phase and shaking can generate niosomes [2]. In this study, we have prepared niosomes
using the proniosome technology and compared the characteristics of the vesicles with niosomes prepared using the traditional
thin-film hydration method, using a range of concentrations of Letrozole (LTZ) as model drug. Tween 60, cholesterol and water-
soluble carriers such as sucrose were used as proniosome carriers. The morphology of the prepared proniosomes were
characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and, following hydration the morphology of the formed vesicles was
assessed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Dynamic light scattering was used to analyze the size of niosomes by
employing the Malvern’s Zeta Sizer instrument, and zeta potential was measured using laser Doppler velocimetry. The
hydrodynamic size of the conventional niosomes and vesicles generated from proniosomes were 283.5 ±14.3 nm (PdI: 0.282
±0.01) and 397.8 ±37.9 nm (PdI: 0.392 ±0.05), respectively. Both formulations were comparable morphologically; and had nano-
sized spherical vesicles, agreeing with dynamic light scattering size analysis. The absence of crystals for niosomes observed under
light microscope and upon size measurements using dynamic light scattering indicate that most of the drug was incorporated into
the noisome bilayers. This study has shown that proniosomal formulations were successfully prepared and were comparable in
their properties to conventional niosomes prepared using thin-film hydration. The use of proniosomes as drug delivery systems for
entrapment of the hydrophobic agents is expected to improve the efficacy and minimize the toxic side effects. Further
investigations are currently being carried out in our lab to explore the potential of this drug using proniosome formulations.
Keywords: Formulation, Letrozole, Niosome, Proniosome, Surfactant
REFERENCES [1] H. Vila, Dispersions of lamellar phases of non ionic lipids in cosmetic products. Int J Cos Sci, 1, 303-314, 1979.
[2] C. Hu, D.G. Rhodes, Proniosomes: a novel drug carrier preparation. Int J Pharm, 185, 23-35, 1999.
[3] A. Elhissi, K. Hidayat, D.A. Phoenix, E. Mwesigwa, S. Crean, W. Ahmed, A. Faheem, K.M.G. Taylor, Air-jet and
vibrating-mesh nebulization of niosomes generated using a particulate-based proniosome technology. Int J Pharm, 444,
193-199, 2013.
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 88
List of delegates, role, organisation and email address
Abs No Role First Name Last Name Organisation Email
NA exhibitor Carole Ackley Hosokawa Micron Ltd., UK [email protected]
3-012 P-1 Israr Ahmed University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
NA committee Waqar Ahmed University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
2-034 O-2-03 Hasan Akbaba Ege Universty, Turkey [email protected]
NA attendant Akintola Akintoye University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
1-002 P-2 Shams Ali Chemisty School Newcastle University [email protected]
1-015 P-3 Qurban Ali University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
2-039 P-30 Faisal Alqahtani Heriot Watt Univeristy. UK [email protected]
KN-3-03 keynote Michael Anderson Manchester University, UK [email protected]
NA attendant Subha Arjunan University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
NA attendant Jennifer Attard York University, UK [email protected]
3-007 P-4 Monalie Bandulasena Loughborough University, UK [email protected]
3-016 O-3-05 Rajib Bandyopadhyay
Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University,
India
.ac.in
NA exhibition Paul Bane MBraun UK Ltd, UK/Germany [email protected]
NA attendant Jessica Bannister University of Central Lancashire, UK Not permitted
NA Exhibitor Dave Berry Hosokawa Micron Ltd., UK / Japan [email protected]
3-009 P-5 Piyali Bhanja
Indian Association for the Cultivation of
Science, India [email protected]
1-018 GL-1-01 Asim Bhaumik
Indian Association for the Cultivation of
Science, India [email protected]
KN-2-02 keynote Phillip Blower Kings College, London, UK [email protected]
NA committee Gary Bond University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
1-026 P-6 Claire Brami University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
NA Marketing Elaine Brooks BCM marketing, UK
uk
NA attendant Ian Bruce University of Kent, UK [email protected]
NA attendant Antonella Bruce Univeristy of Kent, UK [email protected]
NA attendant Vitaly Budarin York University, UK [email protected]
2-030 P-7 Gulay Buyukkoroglu Anadolu University, Turkey [email protected]
PL-1 Plenary Richard Catlow
University College London and Cardiff
Univeristy, UK [email protected]
2-013 O-2-07 Vikesh Chhabria University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
PL-3 Plenary James Clarke York University, UK [email protected]
NA attendant StJean Crean University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
1-023 P-36 Fatma Colak Istanbul Technical University, Turkey [email protected]
PL-2 Plenary Ian Crosley Hosokawa Micron Ltd.,, UK /Japan [email protected]
NA attendant Diganta Das Loughborough University, UK [email protected]
3-001 GL-3-01 Anne Davidson
Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris,
France [email protected]
NA SL-01 Ian Devine European Advisor, UKRO, UK
NA attendant Sarah Dennison
University of Central Lancashire, UK,
NA Photography Garth Dew Sun Dry, UK [email protected]
2-014 GL-2-05 Yuri Diaz Fernandez University of Liverpool, UK
Yuri.Diaz-
1-013 GL-1-02 Harry Eccles University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
2-002 O-2-06 Maneea Eizadi Sharifabad University of Central Lancashire, UK
meizadi-
2-008 GL-2-04 Abdelbary Elhissi Qatar University, Doha, Qatar [email protected]
NA attendant Erum Erum
University of Central Lancashire, UK,
2-041 P-29 Thomas Fallows Manchester University, UK
thomas.fallows-
2-044
P-32 and
session chair Robert Forbes
University of Central Lancashire, UK,
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 89
PL-4 Plenary Simon Freakly Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK [email protected]
1-007 P-9 Jacob Gavartin Schrödinger, UK/ USA Not permitted
3-018 O-3-04 Yuzhen Ge Dalian University of Technology, China [email protected]
3-022 O-3-01 Cristina Giordano Queen Mary, London, UK [email protected]
1-026 P-6 Gus Glover University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
NA attendant Liz Granzer University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
3-021 O-3-07 Erwann Guenin Universite Paris 13, France [email protected]
NA exhibitor Adam Harper Hosokawa Micron Ltd., UK/Japan [email protected]
NA attendant Jane Hobley University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
1-031 GL-1-03 Gary Hogben Feedwater Ltd, Wirral, UK
GARY.HOGBEN@FEEDWA
TER.CO.UK
NA attendant Alistair Holdsworth
University of Central Lancashire, UK,
NA exhibitor Claire Holt University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
2-043 P-31 Chahinez Houacine
University of Central Lancashire, UK,
3-026 P-10 Hanna Jankevics Jones Malvern Instruments, UK /USA [email protected]
1-018 P-18 Eric Jones University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
NA exhibitor Carl Jones Nanotherics Ltd., UK [email protected]
1-021 P-8 Amritvir Kaur University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
1-005 P-11 Parthiv Kavi University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
3-017 SL-03 Sean Kelly Nanotechnology Industries Association [email protected]
NA attendant Anna Kirkhim University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
2-031+2-
032 O-2-01 + P-12 Nikola Knezevic Vinca Nuclear Institute, Belgrade, Serbia [email protected]
NA attendant Mary Kudi University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
1-010 O-1-01 Chi Ho Eric Kwok
Nano and Advanced Materials Institute
Limited [email protected]
1-015 P-3 Sham Lal University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
2-023 O-2-08 Yoann Lalatonne University Paris 13, France [email protected]
1-030 P-34 Quentin Lonne Cranfield Univeristy, UK [email protected]
NA innovation John Lonsdale University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
1-026 P-6 Christopher Lowe University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
2-038 O-2-09 Rongwen Lu Dalian university of technology, China [email protected]
1-001 P-13
Tatenda
Crispen Madzokere
Harare Institute of Technology,
Zimbabwe
tatendacrispenmadzokere@gma
il.com
KN-2-01 keynote Mauro Magniani University of Urbino, Italy [email protected]
NA attendant Leena Magniani University of Urbino, Italy [email protected]
2-014 P-14 Abdul Majid University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
2-021 P-15 Edyta Makuch
Poland/West Pomeranian University of
Technology Szczecin, Poland [email protected]
NA attendant Runjie Mao University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
1-028 P-33 Sarah McDougall University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
2-009 P-16 Sohail Ahmed Memon University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
NA committee Tim Mercer University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
3-024 P-17 Zeinab Moinuddin University of Central Lancashire, UK Not permitted
NA attendant Gareth Morris University of Liverpool, UK [email protected]
NA attendant Glyn Morton University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
NA attendant Andrea Muñoz García York University, UK [email protected]
2-010 O-2-05 Mohammad Najlah Anglia Ruskin University, UK
k
NA attendant Buchi Nalluri Loughborough University, UK [email protected]
2-
029(KN-
2-03) keynote Thang Nguyen University College London, UK [email protected]
1-012 P-35 Alexandra Nikolaeva St.Petersburg State University, Russia
om
3-013 + P-19 + P-20 Ijeh Nwafor University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 90
1-027
NA exhibitor Ben Parkinson Feedwater Ltd., Wirral, UK
GARY.HOGBEN@FEEDWA
TER.CO.UK
NA
confernce co-
chair+P-27 Dr Yogita Patil-Sen University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
3-004 O-3-06 Panagiota Pimenidou University of Ulster, UK [email protected]
OL-2
Opening
Lecture Peter Rankin Preston City Council, UK [email protected]
KN-3-01 keynote Debabrata Rautaray Tata Chemicals Ltd., India [email protected]
2-015 GL-2-02 Subrayal Reddy
University of Central Lancashire, UK /
University of Surrey [email protected]
2-036 P-21 Francesco Rossi Universiity College London, UK [email protected]
1-024 attendant Afsoun Saei Arezoumand Istanbul Aydin. Univ., Turkey [email protected]
3-025 O-3-03 Jose Sanchez Costa IMDEA Nanoscience, Spain [email protected]
2-020 O-2-02 Dominik Sarma
Federal Institute for Materials Research
and Testing, Germany [email protected]
SL-2
Conference
Chair Tapas Sen University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
KN-3-02 keynote Philippe Serp
CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de
Coordination, Toulouse, France [email protected]
1-029 P-28(industry) Nektaria Servi Surface Science System, UK
NServi@surfacemeasurementsy
stems.com
NA Media Pual Sheedy World nano foundation, UK
paul.stannard@worldnanofound
ation.com
2-035 P-22 Saimah Siddique University of Central Lancashire, UK
saimah-
NA attendant Kamalinder Singh University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
NA committee Joe Smarden University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
NA attendant Robert Smith University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
NA attendant Hamidreza Soltani University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
NA SL-04 Paul Stannard World nano foundation, UK
paul.stannard@worldnanofound
ation.com
KN-1-01 keynote Andreas Stein University of Minnesota, USA [email protected]
KN-2-04 keynote Vicki Stone Heriot Watt University, UK [email protected]
NA attendant Gurpreet Suri University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
3-028 P-26 Pradip Suwal University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
1-024 O-1-02 Amin
Tabatabaei
Mohseni Istanbul Tech. Univ., Turkey [email protected]
NA Speical Guest Eshwer Tailor GHS, Preston, UK [email protected]
NA exhibitor Michael Tamas Hosokawa Micron Ltd., UK [email protected]
3-014 O-3-02 Damien Thompson University of Limerick [email protected]
1-017 O-1-03
Maria-
Magdalena Titirici Queen Mary, London, UK [email protected]
2-011 GL-2-03 Rafael
Torres Martin de
Rosales Kings College, London, UK [email protected]
1-012 P-35 A Vlasov St.Petersburg State University, Russia
om
KN-1-02 keynote Armin Volkel Palo Alto Research Centre, USA [email protected]
NA attendant Sophia Volkel Palo Alto Research Centre, USA [email protected]
NA attendant Stephen Walker University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
NA
(OL-1)
Opening
Lecture Robert Walsh University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
NA attendant Derek Ward-Thompson University of Central Lancashire, UK
DWard-
2-007 GL-2-01 Simon Webb Manchester University, UK [email protected]
2-040 P-23 Wei Wei Nanjing University, China [email protected]
NA attendant Barry Wheatley Biotechtive Ltd., UK [email protected]
1-019 P-24
Mansur
Ibrahim Yahaya Newcastle University, Uk [email protected]
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 91
1-009 O-1-04 Dayi Zhang Lancaster University, UK [email protected]
2-033 O-2-04 Jian Zhang
Shanghai University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, China [email protected]
NA attendant Ruoying Zhang University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
2-042 P-25 Suha Zwayen University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
NA attendant Sergey Zlatogorsky University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected]
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 92
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 93
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 94
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 95
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 96
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 97
Notes for delegates
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 98
Notes for delegates
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 99
Notes for delegates
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 100
Notes for delegates
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 101
Notes for delegates
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 102
Notes for delegates
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 103
Notes for delegates
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 104
Notes for delegates
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 105
Notes for delegates
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 106
Notes for delegates
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 107
Notes for delegates
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 108
Notes for delegates
Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academic-Industry Meet
(29th to 31st March 2016), UCLan, Preston, UK
P a g e | 109
Notes for delegates