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Photo 1. Steel conduit provides unsurpassedprotection from conductor damage, however,sales volume dropped by 15% between 1994and 2004.
Photo 2. The use of cable tray continues to growprimarily due to its significantly reduced labor andmaterials installation costs.
Conduit or Cable Tray?Sep 1, 2006 12:00 PM, By Dan Carazo, Carazo Communications
Tips for selecting the right means of cable conveyancefor your application
In any electrical installation, the structure type used tosupport, fasten, direct, and protect the installed wire and cable runs is critical. That'swhy choosing the appropriate pathway is so important. This article provides some usefulguidelines and considerations when determining whether to use conduit or cable traysystems — with an emphasis on comparing steel conduit with steel cable tray (click hereto see Table). But before diving into the pros and cons of these two options, let's take alook at how business affects the application of both.
Market trends. In 2004, U.S. companies shipped more than $2.2 billion of electricalconduit and fittings, which include all the many types of raceways, wireways, and cabletrays. The combined value of U.S. shipments of all metallic and non-metallic conduitstotaled more than $1.7 billion.
For most wiring installations, conduitremains the first choice. One reason forthis reality is the fact that conduit'sbroad range of design types includesrigid metal conduit (RMC), electricalmetallic tubing (EMT), intermediatemetal conduit (IMC), rigid PVC, flexiblePVC, flexible MC (metal clad inaluminum or steel), liquid-tight, andzinc-coated corrosion-resistant steel(Photo 1).
According to a report published by TheFreedonia Group, a Cleveland-basedbusiness research company, “Demandfor conduit declined precipitouslybetween 1999 and 2004 to 1.7 billionfeet…Conduit demand is expected togrow 1.6% per annum to 1.8 billion feetin 2009…Steel conduit will continue tolose ground based on its highermaterial cost and installed costs.”
By comparison, the U.S. market forcable tray is far smaller with slightlymore than $200 million in annual sales.Nevertheless, cable tray sales havecontinued to grow steadily in recentyears with one cable tray manufacturer citing an increase of 25% in 2005 and anotherrecently reporting a 14% annual growth rate between 1997 and 2004.
One factor that is increasing interest in cable tray is the increased commercial use ofmetal-clad (MC) cable. According to one executive at a leading wire and cablemanufacturer, “MC is becoming the product of choice for commercial electrical wiringsystems. The driver behind this shift is the ease of installing MC, saving up to 50%when compared to a pipe and wire installation.”
Since installed MC is frequentlysupported by a cable traysystem, this trend bodes well forcontinued increases in cable trayuse (Photo 2).
In addition to market dynamics,the popularity of one approachover the other is driven by otherfactors, including performancedifferences, regional influences,and cost considerations.
Conductor protection. Themost obvious reason for thepervasive use and popularity ofconduit is the fact that it is anenclosed raceway offeringoutstanding protection to theshielded wiring or cable. Because of its outstanding tensile strength, steel conduitprovides excellent protection to the electrical conductor, providing a tough barrier indemanding environments. This is an important differentiating factor that's at the veryheart of conduit's long-term popularity.
There are many applications that require substantial physical protection for wire andcable. For such projects, steel conduit is an ideal choice. Conduit with special coatingscan also provide additional protection against corrosion.
Regional differences. As one marketing manager for an industry manufacturer put it,“Conduit inherited an installed base of gas pipes that used to be used for transmittinggas to gas lamps. When the conversion was made to electricity, the wiring was just runthrough the old gas pipes.”
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