Conditional Logic Using Excel “IF” Statements. Logical TestIf TrueIf False Did you finish your...
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Transcript of Conditional Logic Using Excel “IF” Statements. Logical TestIf TrueIf False Did you finish your...
Conditional Logic Using Excel “IF” Statements
Logical Test If True If False
Did you finish your dinner?
You may have dessert.
You may not have dessert.
Are you a registered voter?
You may vote in the election.
You may not vote in the election.
Does the animal have a backbone?
It is classified as a vertebrate.
It is classified as an invertebrate.
Do you want to mail the letter?
You will need to get a stamp.
You will not need to get a stamp.
Some “plain-English” examples ofconditional logic statements
My grading scale—(yours might be different)
From To Ltr Grade Pass or Fail
>=0% <59.5% F Fail
>=59.5% <69.5% D Pass
>=69.5% <79.5% C Pass
>=79.5% <89.5% B Pass
>=89.5% <=100% A Pass
Example 1: A simple conditional logic test
Based on the grading scale shown in the previous slide, create a conditional logic statement that determines if each of the values in column K (“Pct of Tot Pts Possible”) represents a passing grade (“Pass”) or a failing grade (“Fail”), and store the results in column M ( “Pass or “Fail”).
K L M
1 Pct of Tot Pts Possible Ltr Grade Pass or Fail
2 89.6
3 73
4 59.4
5 79.8
6 67.2
The basic form of an “If” statement is:
=IF(Logical Test is True,Then,Else)
Logical Test If True If False
Is K2>=59.5? M2=Pass M2=Fail
=IF(K2>=59.5,“Pass","Fail")
The conditional logic statement for the first case is:
K L M
1 Pct of Tot Pts Possible Ltr Grade Pass or Fail
2 89.6 Pass
3 73
4 59.4
5 79.8
6 67.2
For the value in K2 (i.e., 73), the conditional logic statement would be: =IF(K2>=59.5,”Pass”,”Fail”)For the value in K3 (i.e., 89.6), the conditional logic statement would be: =IF(K3>=59.5,”Pass”,”Fail”)For the value in K4 (i.e., 59.4), the conditional logic statement would be: =IF(K4>=59.5,”Pass”,”Fail”)For the value in K5 (i.e., 79.8), the conditional logic statement would be: =IF(K5>=59.5,”Pass”,”Fail”)For the value in K6 (i.e., 67.2), the conditional logic statement would be: =IF(K6>=59.5,”Pass”,”Fail”)
The conditional logic statements for all cases are:
K L M
1 Pct of Tot Pts Possible Ltr Grade Pass or Fail
2 89.6 Pass
3 73 Pass
4 59.4 Fail
5 79.8 Pass
6 67.2 Pass
Example 2: “Nested” conditional logic tests
Based on the grading scale shown previously, create a conditional logic statement that will determine the letter grade for each of the values in column K (“Pct of Tot Pts Possible”), and store the results in column L (“Ltr Grade”).
K L M
1 Pct of Tot Pts Possible Ltr Grade Pass or Fail
2 89.6
3 73
4 59.4
5 79.8
6 67.2
=IF(K2>=89.5,"A",IF(K2>=79.5,"B",IF(K2>=69.5,"C",IF(K2>=59.5,"D","F"))))
Displayed on the next four slides are itsfour ”nested” component parts…
K L M
1 Pct of Tot Pts Possible Ltr Grade Pass or Fail
2 89.6 A
3 73
4 59.4
5 79.8
6 67.2
The conditional logic statement for the first case is:
Logical Test If True If False
Is K2>=59.5? L2=D L2=F
Is K2>=69.5? L2=C Steps in Blue
Is K2>=79.5? L2=B Steps in Blue
Is K2>=89.5? L2=A Steps in Blue
=IF(K2>=89.5,"A",IF(K2>=79.5,"B",IF(K2>=69.5,"C",IF(K2>=59.5,"D","F"))))
K L M
1 Pct of Tot Pts Possible Ltr Grade Pass or Fail
2 89.6 D
3 73
4 59.4
5 79.8
6 67.2
Logical Test If True If False
Is K2>=59.5? L2=D L2=F
Is K2>=69.5? L2=C Steps in Blue
Is K2>=79.5? L2=B Steps in Blue
Is K2>=89.5? L2=A Steps in Blue
=IF(K2>=89.5,"A",IF(K2>=79.5,"B",IF(K2>=69.5,"C",IF(K2>=59.5,"D","F“))))
K L M
1 Pct of Tot Pts Possible Ltr Grade Pass or Fail
2 89.6 C
3 73
4 59.4
5 79.8
6 67.2
Logical Test If True If False
Is K2>=59.5? L2=D L2=F
Is K2>=69.5? L2=C Steps in Blue
Is K2>=79.5? L2=B Steps in Blue
Is K2>=89.5? L2=A Steps in Blue
=IF(K2>=89.5,"A",IF(K2>=79.5,"B",IF(K2>=69.5,"C",IF(K2>=59.5,"D","F“))))
K L M
1 Pct of Tot Pts Possible Ltr Grade Pass or Fail
2 89.6 B
3 73
4 59.4
5 79.8
6 67.2
Logical Test If True If False
Is K2>=59.5? L2=D L2=F
Is K2>=69.5? L2=C Steps in Blue
Is K2>=79.5? L2=B Steps in Blue
Is K2>=89.5? L2=A Steps in Blue
=IF(K2>=89.5,"A",IF(K2>=79.5,"B",IF(K2>=69.5,"C",IF(K2>=59.5,"D","F"))))
K L M
1 Pct of Tot Pts Possible Ltr Grade Pass or Fail
2 89.6 A
3 73
4 59.4
5 79.8
6 67.2
For the value in K2 (i.e., 73), the conditional logic statement would be: =IF(K2>=89.5,"A",IF(K2>=79.5,"B",IF(K2>=69.5,"C",IF(K2>=59.5,"D","F"))))For the value in K3 (i.e., 89.6), the conditional logic statement would be: =IF(K3>=89.5,"A",IF(K3>=79.5,"B",IF(K3>=69.5,"C",IF(K3>=59.5,"D","F"))))For the value in K4 (i.e., 59.4), the conditional logic statement would be: =IF(K4>=89.5,"A",IF(K4>=79.5,"B",IF(K4>=69.5,"C",IF(K4>=59.5,"D","F"))))For the value in K5 (i.e., 79.8), the conditional logic statement would be: =IF(K5>=89.5,"A",IF(K5>=79.5,"B",IF(K5>=69.5,"C",IF(K5>=59.5,"D","F"))))For the value in K6 (i.e., 67.2), the conditional logic statement would be: =IF(K6>=89.5,"A",IF(K6>=79.5,"B",IF(K6>=69.5,"C",IF(K6>=59.5,"D","F"))))
The conditional logic statements for all cases are:
K L M
1 Pct of Tot Pts Possible Ltr Grade Pass or Fail
2 89.6 A
3 73 C
4 59.4 F
5 79.8 B
6 67.2 D
Some Important Things to Remember About Nested Conditional Logic Statements:
• You are limited to a maximum of 7 logical tests when creating nested conditional logic statements.
• Separate the 3 parameters for each conditional logic statement with commas.
• For each conditional logic statement, you must enclose its parameters inside a separate set of parenthesis.
• For each conditional logic statement, if the “then” and “else” parameters are fixed characters (like letters or numbers), enclose them in a pair of double quotes (i.e., “).