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Hamilton- Federalist

Jefferson- Republican

Election 1796

Federalists- Prez- John Adams

VP- Thomas PinckneyRepublicans- Prez- Thomas Jefferson

VP- Aaron Burr

Adams Presidency- 1797-1801

XYZ AFFAIR

Adams sends reps to France to negotiate a treaty

French wont discuss treaty unless U.S.

Pays a bribe $250,000

Lends France $12 million Americans: Millions for Defense, but not one cent for tribute.

U.S. prepares for war- strengthen army and navy

Napoleon comes to power and doesnt want to fight with U.S.,

but rather, wants to concentrate on Britain

Peace is made.

ALIEN AND SEDITION ACTS

Naturalization Act- increases time required to become a citizen

from 5 years to 14 years.

Alien Act- president can deport any foreigner

Alien Enemies Act- allowed president to deport citizens whose

native countries are at war with U.S.

Sedition Act- makes it a crime to criticize the President or the

government.

Against freedom of speech

The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions were political statements in favor ofstates' rights and Strict Constructionism. The resolutions opposed the Alienand Sedition Acts, which extended the powers of the federal government.They argued that the Constitution was an agreement among the states.Therefore, the federal government had no right to exercise powers notspecifically delegated to it and that if the federal government assumed suchpowers, acts under them would be void. So, states could decide theconstitutionality of laws passed by Congress.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States'_rightshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strict_Constructionismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alien_and_Sedition_Actshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alien_and_Sedition_Actshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Constitutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Congresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strict_Constructionismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alien_and_Sedition_Actshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alien_and_Sedition_Actshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Constitutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Congresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States'_rights

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Event Federalists DemocraticRepublicans

XYZ Affair The federalists wereable to capitalize on theembarrassment the XYZAffair caused theRepublicans, whosupported the French.

XYZ Affair was a hugeembarrassment for theRepublicans, who hadsupported the Frenchfrom the beginning.

Alien and Sedition Acts Were very much in favorof them, since itbenefited them, as itmade it harder for newimmigrants to join theRepublican party.

Despised and distrustedthem, since theyfavored states andindividuals rights.

Kentucky and VirginiaResolutions

Were very much againstthem, since theyfavored the Alien andSedition Acts.

Liked them, as theyadvocated for statesrights.

Election 1800

Federalists- prez- John Adams

VP- Charles PinckneyRepublicans- prez- Thomas Jefferson

VP- Aaron Burr

Result in Electoral College: tie between Jefferson and burr

Vote goes to House of Representatives

Each state has one vote

Tie in house of reps

Vote again: TIE

Vote again: TIE

Vote again: TIE

TIES MORE THAN 30 TIMES

Eventually, Alexander Hamilton convinces people to vote for Jefferson-Hamilton prefers him to Burr.

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12th Amendment- separate ballots for prez and VP

Judiciary Act of 1801- creates more judgeships

Midnight judges- Adams appoints new judgeships until his term is up

MARBURY V. MADISON

Marbury- midnight judge

James Madison- S of S (commissions judges)

Marbury wants his commission. Jefferson tells Madison not to give Marburyhis commission.

Marbury takes Madison to Supreme Court.

Supreme Court declares that they cannot hear Marburys case, because theJudiciary Act (1789) is unconstitutional, and the Act was the only thing thatallowed Marbury to go straight to SC

Judicial Review- court can declare law unconstitutional.

John Marshall

John Marshall was the Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court for over threedecades. He played a significant role in the development of the Americanlegal system. Most notably, he established that the courts are entitled to usejudicial review, the power to strike down laws that violate the Constitution.

Marshall has been credited with cementing the position of the judiciary as aninfluential branch of government. Marshall made several important decisionsrelating to federalism, shaping the balance of power between the federalgovernment and the states during the early years of the republic.

Judicial Review

Judicial review is the doctrine under which legislative and executive action issubject to cancellation by the judiciary. It gives the Judicial Branch the

power to interpret the laws and actions of the other two branches and is animportant part of the "checks and balances" system established in theConstitution to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful. JudicialReview may cause a president or Congress to delay some activity or law untilthey get an opinion from legal advisers as to the constitutionality of theaction or law, but it establishes how and who will have the final say as to theconstitutionality of that act or law.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judicial_reviewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judicial_review

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Jeffersons Inauguration

In his inaugural address, the new president set out an agenda that wasmarked by his belief in agrarianism, limited government, and the protectionof civil liberties.

Jeffersons Presidency

As president, Jefferson repealed many federal taxes, and sought to relymainly on customs revenue. He pardoned people who had been imprisonedunder the Alien and Sedition Acts, passed in John Adams' term, whichJefferson believed to be unconstitutional. He repealed theJudiciary Act of1801 and removed many of Adams' "midnight judges" from office, which ledto the Supreme Court deciding the important case ofMarbury v. Madison.However, Jefferson did approve and support some Federalist ideas, such asthe B.U.S (Bank of the United States).

Louisiana Purchase

What land- Mississippi River to Rocky Mountains

Price- $15 million

Spain annoyed with U.S. and wants nothing to do with us because of NO andMS River disputes. Spain sells land to France.

Haiti overthrows Napoleon, which was the base of Napoleons desired empirein NA. Napoleon decides to leave NA and pursue an empire in Europe.

Jefferson wants land from Napoleon, but:

Problem:

Jefferson = strict constructionist and Constitution doesnt say anythingabout buying land.

Solution:

Loose constructionism- can make treaty which includes the purchaseof land.

Jefferson buys land in a treaty with France.

Lewis and Clark Expediton

Goals:

Map the land and rivers

Make friends with natives

Look for a Northwest Passage- water route to Pacific

Write plant and animal journals

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Customshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alien_and_Sedition_Actshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midnight_Judges_Acthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midnight_Judges_Acthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marbury_v._Madisonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Customshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alien_and_Sedition_Actshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midnight_Judges_Acthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midnight_Judges_Acthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marbury_v._Madison

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Lewis and Clark were not successful in finding a direct water route tothe Pacific, but they did the other three

Corps of Discovery

Sacagawea- key to the Lewis and Clark expedition.

Sacagawea was from North Dakota. She took them from ND to Washington state, then back to ND.

Expedition was from St. Louis, Missouri to what is now Washingtonstate.

Lewis and clark followed the Missouri River to ND, where Sacagaweatook them the rest of the way.

They were gone for a couple of years.

Zebulon Pike- explored the Rockies in Colorado

Pikes Peak- mt. in Colorado

Good Luck!