7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

1/35

CONCRETE BRIDGESubmitted to:

Engr. Reden Hernandez

Submitted by:

Jerome C. Gatchalian

Victoriano Macalino

John Kepvin Viray

Guio Feliciano

Jojo Marin

Norben Sigua

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

2/35

HISTORY

It was in the 18th Century that bridge design began

to develop into a science, led by an engineering

school founded in Paris.

Its director, Jean Perronet, perfected the masonry

arch, with its low sweeping curve and slender piers.

Soon afterwards, attention switched to England

where the invention of the steam locomotive calledfor stronger bridges.

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

3/35

In 1794, iron was first used for the chain cables of asuspension bridge over the River Tees and 1779 saw the

first all-iron bridge over the Severn at Coalbrookdale. This

arch bridge, spanning 100ft, is still in service.

Just when the masonry arch bridge was reaching its peak

around the beginning of the 20th Century, reinforced

concrete arrived on the scene. Since then, it has become

the major construction material for bridges as it has for

most structural and civil engineering applications, with

its intrinsic versatility, design flexibility and, above all,

natural durability.

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

4/35

Concrete

Concrete is characterized by the type of aggregate or

cement used, by the specific qualities it manifests, or

by the methods used to produce it.

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

5/35

Bridges

More bridges are built using concrete than any other

material worldwide, demonstrating continued

confidence in the materials performance and

durability. Concrete bridges worldwide have a cleartrack record of flexibility and versatility in terms both

of final forms and methods of construction that is

hard to match.

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

6/35

Benefits

Function and elegance

Durability

Versatility

Speed and build ability

Sustainability

Economy

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

7/35

Types of Concrete

Bridges

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

8/35

Arch Bridges

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

9/35

Reinforced Slab Bridges

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

10/35

Beam and Slab Bridge

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

11/35

Box Girder Bridge

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

12/35

TECHNIQUESTechniques of construction vary according to the

actual design and situation of the bridge, there being

three main types:

Incrementally launched

Span-by-span

Balanced cantilever

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

13/35

Incrementally launched

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

14/35

Span-by-Span

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

15/35

Balanced Cantilever

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

16/35

Integral Bridges

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

17/35

Cable-Stayed Bridges

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

18/35

Suspension Bridges

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

19/35

Widening of Gapan

San Fernando- Olongapo (GSO) Road

and Emergency Dredging Project

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

20/35

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

21/35

DESIGN SPECIFICATION

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

22/35

DESIGN METHODOLOGY Pre-casting method

Cofferdam

-Bored pile method

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

23/35

PRECAST CONCRETE BRIDGE

I Beams & Super Tees

-Standard beam can be pre and or post tensioned.

-Cast on site or in existing PC yard

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

24/35

Advantages-Cheap

-Simple to erect

Disadvantages-Limited in length (lat torsion buckling)

-Less efficient

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

25/35

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

26/35

COFFERDAMS

A cofferdam is defined as a temporary structure

which is constructed so as to remove water and/ or

soil from area and make it possible to carry on the

construction work under reasonably dry condition.

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

27/35

REQUIREMENTS OF A COFFERDAM

The cofferdams should be reasonably watertight.

It should be noted that absolute water tightness isdesired in a cofferdam.

The cofferdams should be designed for the maximum

water level and other destructive force so as to make

it stable against bursting, overturning and sliding.

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

28/35

The water to be excluded by a cofferdam may be either

ground water or water lying above ground level.

The materials used in the construction of a cofferdam are

earth, timber, steel and concrete.

The cofferdam is generally constructed at site of work.

The type of construction for cofferdam is depended up

on the depth, soil conditions, fluctuations in the water

level, availability of material, etc. The cofferdams are constructed with advantage where a

large area of site is to be enclosed and the hard bed is at

reasonable depth.

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

29/35

USES OF COFFERDAMS To facilitate pile driving operation

To place grillage and raft foundation

To construct foundations for piers and abutments ofbridge, dams, locks, etc;

To enclose a space for the removal of sunken vessels

To provide a working platform for the foundation of

building when water is met with; and To provide space for carrying out the foundation work

without disturbing or damaging the adjoining structuresuch as buildings, pipelines, sewers, etc.

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

30/35

BORED PILE METHOD Bored pile is used for those tall buildings or massiveindustrial complexes, which require foundations that

can bear the load of thousands of tons, most

probably in unstable or difficult soil conditions.

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

31/35

MATERIALS1. AUGER

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

32/35

2. BORING MACHINE

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

33/35

KELLY BAR

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

34/35

SERVICE CRANE

7/27/2019 Concrete Bridge

35/35

THE END