Conceptualizing Tourism

Urges to Tour

Sacred and Profane

Sacred & Profane

• What is a sacred experience?

• What is a profane experience?

Sacred = non- ordinary, exciting, renewing, self-fulfilling

Markers in the passage of life

Everyday life = profane

“All proper vacations involve travel”

“The tourist is marginal” Why?

Anticipated experience

Beginnings of Tourism

• The first tourists were those who made the Grand Tour, and these tourists—generally, the social elite—were commonly granted audiences with important cultural figures. Thus we have Milton and Thomas Hobbes meeting Galileo, and James Boswell and Edward Gibbon meeting Voltaire. [discourse-centered idea of travel]– dedicated to this sort of less controlled, more unpredictable

personal interaction and intellectual stimulation, with travelers more interested in making cultural and courtly visits and studying foreign languages and literature than in picturesque views.

• Interrogatory tourism—and a newer emphasis on looking at managed historical sites and monuments

• The concept of "touring" was introduced in John Denham's Coopers Hill in 1643.

• Literary tourism as we know it was initiated in England by David Garrick's Stratford Jubilee in 1769.

The engine of tourism

• Personal renewel through recreation

• Education

• Collect objects

• Increase our personal narratives

• Spending goals

The post card home

Defining Cultural Tourists

Tourism derived

Motivational

Experiential

Operational

Cultural Tourism by Management theory

Special Interest

Develop and market for increasing markets

Product development

Why do businesses develop products?

Motivational Definitions

cultural tourists are motivated to travel for different reasons?

"movements of persons essentially for cultural motivations such as study tours, performing arts and cultural tours, travel to festivals and other events, visit to sites and monuments, travel to study nature, folklore or art, and pilgrimages" WTO

Experiential or Aspirational Definitions

Cultural tourism to a quest or search for greater understanding

Cultural tourism can help them see the present from a different viewpoint.

Operational Definition

What defines the operational definition?

We came to see the tattooed lady.

http://youtu.be/n4zRe_wvJw8

Four Elements of Cultural Tourism

1. Tourism

2. Use of cultural heritage assets

3. Consumption of experiences and products

4. The tourist

Tourism

Attracting nonlocal visitors (or tourists) who are traveling primarily for pleasure on limited time budgets and who may know little about the significance of the assets being visited.

Use of Cultural Heritage Assets

Tangible assets

Intangible assets

Paradox of Cultural/Heritage Tourism

Tourism involves the consumption of experiences and products

Cultural heritage assets must be transformed into cultural tourism products

heritage asset vs cultural tourism product

A heritage asset represents the un-commodified or raw asset identified for its intrinsic values.

A cultural tourism product, on the other hand, represents an asset that has been transformed or commodified specifically for tourism consumption