COMPUTERIZATION OF BOOK STORE

Computerization of Book Store in JAVA

COMPUTERIZATION OF BOOK STORE

Training Report

of Second Year (4th Semester)

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY IN

COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Submitted To: Submitted By: Mr. Vivek Sharma Rimpy (1213331) (HOD- CSE Deptt.)

SETH JAI PARKASH MUKUND LAL INSTITUTE OF

TECHNOLOGY, RADAUR


INDEX

Sr. No. Contents Page No.

1. Acknowledgement 2. About Company 3. About Project 4. Profile of Problem 5. Objectives 6. System Requirements 7. Feasibility Analysis 8. Development Schedule 9. About Java Technology 10. System Requirements Specifications 11. Database Design 12. Design Phase 13. Construction Phase 14. Testing Phase 15. Implementation & Conversion Plan 16. Acceptance Phase 17. Project Legacy 18. Bibliography


Acknowledgement

Acknowledgement is not mere formality but a genuine opportunity to

thank all those people without that active support in this project would not be

able to be possible.

We are thankful to Mr. Bhavneesh Sindhi for their valuable time they

devoted to us and give us a lot of knowledge and help regarding our project.

During our last semester in the curriculum of B. Tech. we are also thankful to

our respected Head of Department Sh. Vivek Sharma and Teachers for their

expert guidance. It is a great experience for us and we gained a lot here.

Words defeat us in expressing our deep sense of gratitude for our class

mates, whose continual support and guidance enabled us all the challenges

posed by this project, who provided us all the relevant information and the

necessary Hardware, Software and new ideas that really helped us a lot.

Special thanks are due to all other staff, Colleagues and friends for all the

encouragement, inspiration and motivation.

Finally, we are thankful to the almighty God who had given us the

power, good sense and confidence to complete my project successfully. We

also thank our parents who were a constant source of encouragement. Their

moral was indispensable.


About Project: The project is Computerization of Book Store. This project is made for any

organization to manage Employee’s record in an organization.

Knowledge domain used to develop the system: The operating system used is Windows XP. The software tools required by this

project are JAVA, SQL Server.

The project requires the knowledge of the following subjects:

Software Language: JAVA (Swings, JDBC, Threads and object serialization)

Database: SQL-Server

Database handling: SQL

Potential users: All the Book Shop Keepers can use our project to run their store easily. By using this

project they can store all the info. Related with the books available in the store. They

can also search a particular book easily by getting the info. From the project. In this

we also define the information of all the customers who wants to purchase the books

from their store. In this they can also store the info. Of all the orders of all those

books which are not available in the store. Because of this computerization, any

book store owner can run their store easily in User friendly Environment.


Profile of Problem

The software aims at automating the existing manual systems and providing

secure, cheaper and quicker communication within an organization. As this is

a well designed and easy-to-use communication system will certainly give the

organization an edge over the other organizations with outdated and manual

communication system, with manpower doing the bulk of data transfer in the

form of files and paper documents.

With advanced features like e-mail, chat, message broadcast, server side

authentication, multimedia data transfer, message printout facility, this

software turns out to be a very suitable one for any type of organization which

requires an efficient and secure communication among their employees. It

provides centralized information transfer system with any number of client

systems, to cater to any number of users. The project gives the user an easy-

to-use graphical interface that can be easily used by a novice.

Features of proposed project are as follow:

• Automation of existing manual information systems.

• Reduction of manual processing

• Keep track of daily information exchange at the server by the administrator.

• Increase in processing and transfer speeds of information over the

network.

• Reduction of errors and viruses due to non requirement of the internet.

• Keeping track that message should be delivered at the correct destination.

• Fast retrieval of all type of information

• Multimedia data communication.

.


OBJECTIVES All the Book Shop Keepers can use our project to run their store easily. By using this

project they can store all the info. Related with the books available in the store. They

can also search a particular book easily by getting the info. From the project. In this

we also define the information of all the customers who wants to purchase the books

from their store. In this they can also store the info. Of all the orders of all those

books which are not available in the store. Because of this computerization, any

book store owner can run their store easily in User friendly Environment.

The Main objectives of this project are:

• Reduction of paper work

• Automation of existing manual information systems.

• Reduction of manual processing

• Keep track of daily information exchange at the server by the administrator.

• Increase in processing and transfer speeds of information over the

network.

• Decrease in processing time

• Reduction of errors and viruses due to absence of internet

• Keeping track that message should be delivered at the correct destination.

• Fast retrieval of all type of information

• Good efficiency and response time

• More consistent data handling

• A user-friendly system which do not require any special training or

expertise of computer


SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS Product Definition The project is Computerization of Book Store. This project is made for any

organization to manage Employee’s record in an organization.

The main features of this package are: Information of All the books available in Store..

Information of all the Customers

Information of all the sale/purchase of Books

Order Info. for those books which are not available in Store.

Processing Environment: The programming language and development tools are the critical factors in

the functioning of the developed system, so proper attention has to be paid

while selecting these tools. Following are the minimum requirements for

installation and making use of the software package:


Hardware requirements: Processor: Pentium

RAM: 128MB

HARD DISK: 40GB

Printer: Any compatible printer

Software requirements: JDK 1.5

SQL Server

JAVA being the platform independent language to generate the user-friendly

Software system is used as Front-end system and SQL Server for database

system, this will facilitate user in operating the system successfully.

A platform is the hardware or software environment in which a program runs.

We've already mentioned some of the most popular platforms like Windows

2000/XP, Linux, Solaris, and Mac OS. Most platforms can be described as a

combination of the operating system and hardware. The Java platform differs

from most other platforms in that it's a software-only platform that runs on top

of other hardware-based platforms.

The Java platform has two components:

• The Java Virtual Machine (Java VM)

• The Java Application Programming Interface (Java API)


Feasibility Analysis Feasibility study describes and evaluates candidate systems and provides for

the selection of the best candidate system that meets the system performance

requirements. Three key considerations are involved in the feasibility analysis:

1. Economic feasibility

2. Technical

3. Behavioral

1. Economic Feasibility Economic feasibility determines the benefits and saving that are expected

from the system and compare them with costs. Cost/Benefit analysis has been

done on the basis of total cost of the system and direct and indirect benefits

derived from the system. The total cost for the proposed system comprises of

hardware costs and software costs. The main aim of economic feasibility is to

check whether the system is financially affordable or not. The cost for the

proposed system can be divided into two parts given below:

Hardware Costs The hardware cost for the proposed system can be calculated from cost of

hardware needed for the development of the proposed system. The hardware

specifications for the system are given below:

Personal Computer: The cost of the PC depends upon the configuration

of the PC. The minimum specification assumed for the Pc is given below:

• Pentium IV processor

• 128 MB RAM

• 40 GB free disk space

• MS Windows

• Any compatible printer


Server: As the software is a client-server based application, thus an

efficient server would act as the backbone of a good communication

system. The minimum specifications are:

• Pentium IV processor

• 256 MB RAM

• 120 GB free disk space

• MS Windows

Software Costs: the Software costs for the proposed system can be

calculated from the cost of software tools needed from the development of the

proposed system. The software tools needed for the development of the

system are given below:-

• JDK 1.5

• SQL Server

2. Technical Feasibility Technical Feasibility centers on the existing system and to what extent it can

support the proposed system. In this part of feasibility analysis we determined

the technical possibilities for the implementation of the system. Two major

benefits are:

• Improving the performance

• Minimizing the cost of processing

The performance category emphasis improvements in the accuracy and

access to the information. It also makes easier to access the system by the

authorized users.

3. Behavioral Feasibility:


Behavioral feasibility estimates the reaction of the User staff towards the

development of the computerized system. For the successful implementation

of any system, the users must be impressed that the new system is for his

benefit. So, the behavioral feasibility plays a very important role in the

development of new system It reveals that whether the system is acceptable

by user or not. If the user does not ready to use it, then it doesn’t matter how

best the system is or how much effort you are putting in its development.


Development Schedule System development revolves around a life cycle that begins with the

recognition of user needs. Following a feasibility study, the key stages of cycle

are evaluation of present system, information gathering, cost/benefit analysis,

detailed design and implementation of candidate system. The life cycle is not

a procedure that deals with hardware and software. It is a building computer-

based system to help the user to operate system effectively and manage the

information successfully. The development schedule as above was followed

within a fixed timeframe of six weeks.

Programming Languages and Development tools:

The programming language and development tools are the critical factors in

the functioning of the developed system, so proper attention has to be paid

while selecting these tools. Following are the minimum requirements for

installation and making use of the software package:

Software requirements: JAVA Developer Toolkit 1.5

SQL Server

Windows/ Linux platform

JAVA being the platform independent language to generate the user-friendly

Software system is used as Front-end system and SQL-Server as Back-end

database system, this will facilitate user in operating the system successfully.


About the Java Technology Java technology is both a programming language and a platform.

The Java Programming Language

The Java programming language is a high-level language that can be

characterized by all of the following buzzwords:

� Simple � Architecture neutral

� Object oriented � Portable

� Distributed � High performance

� Interpreted � Multithreaded

� Robust � Dynamic

� Secure

With most programming languages, you either compile or interpret a program

so that you can run it on your computer. The Java programming language is

unusual in that a program is both compiled and interpreted. With the compiler,

first you translate a program into an intermediate language called Java

bytecodes —the platform-independent codes interpreted by the interpreter on

the Java platform. The interpreter parses and runs each Java bytecode

instruction on the computer. Compilation happens just once; interpretation

occurs each time the program is executed. The following figure illustrates how

this works.


You can think of Java bytecodes as the machine code instructions for the

Java Virtual Machine (Java VM). Every Java interpreter, whether it's a

development tool or a Web browser that can run applets, is an implementation

of the Java VM.

Java bytecodes help make "write once, run anywhere" possible. You can

compile your program into bytecodes on any platform that has a Java

compiler. The bytecodes can then be run on any implementation of the Java

VM. That means that as long as a computer has a Java VM, the same

program written in the Java programming language can run on Windows

2000, a Solaris workstation.

The Java Platform

A platform is the hardware or software environment in which a program runs.

We've already mentioned some of the most popular platforms like Windows

2000, Linux, Solaris, and MacOS. Most platforms can be described as a

combination of the operating system and hardware. The Java platform differs

from most other platforms in that it's a software-only platform that runs on top

of other hardware-based platforms.

The Java platform has two components:

• The Java Virtual Machine (Java VM)


• The Java Application Programming Interface (Java API)

You've already been introduced to the Java VM. It's the base for the Java

platform and is ported onto various hardware-based platforms.

The Java API is a large collection of ready-made software components that

provide many useful capabilities, such as graphical user interface (GUI)

widgets. The Java API is grouped into libraries of related classes and

interfaces; these libraries are known as packages. The next section highlights

what functionality some of the packages in the Java API provide.

The following figure depicts a program that's running on the Java platform. As

the figure shows, the Java API and the virtual machine insulate the program

from the hardware.

Native code is code that after you compile it, the compiled code runs on a

specific hardware platform. As a platform-independent environment, the Java

platform can be a bit slower than native code. However, smart compilers, well-

tuned interpreters, and just-in-time bytecode compilers can bring performance

close to that of native code without threatening portability.

What Can Java Technology Do? The most common types of programs written in the Java programming

language are applets and applications. If you've surfed the Web, you're

probably already familiar with applets. An applet is a program that adheres to

certain conventions that allow it to run within a Java-enabled browser.

However, the Java programming language is not just for writing cute,

entertaining applets for the Web. The general-purpose, high-level Java

programming language is also a powerful software platform. Using the

generous API, you can write many types of programs.


An application is a standalone program that runs directly on the Java platform.

A special kind of application known as a server serves and supports clients on

a network. Examples of servers are Web servers, proxy servers, mail servers,

and print servers. Another specialized program is a servlet. A servlet can

almost be thought of as an applet that runs on the server side. Java Servlets

are a popular choice for building interactive web applications, replacing the

use of CGI scripts. Servlets are similar to applets in that they are runtime

extensions of applications. Instead of working in browsers, though, servlets

run within Java Web servers, configuring or tailoring the server.

How does the API support all these kinds of programs? It does so with

packages of software components that provides a wide range of functionality.

Every full implementation of the Java platform gives you the following

features:

• The essentials: Objects, strings, threads, numbers, input and

output, data structures, system properties, date and time, and so

on.

• Applets: The set of conventions used by applets.

• Networking: URLs, TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), UDP

(User Datagram Protocol) sockets, and IP (Internet Protocol)

addresses.

• Internationalization: Help for writing programs that can be

localized for users worldwide. Programs can automatically adapt

to specific locales and be displayed in the appropriate language.

• Security: Both low level and high level, including electronic

signatures, public and private key management, access control,

and certificates.

• Software components: Known as JavaBeansTM, can plug into

existing component architectures.


• Object serialization: Allows lightweight persistence and

communication via Remote Method Invocation (RMI).

• Java Database Connectivity (JDBCTM): Provides uniform

access to a wide range of relational databases.

Features of JAVA Technology

• Get started quickly: Although the Java programming language is

a powerful object-oriented language, it's easy to learn, especially

for programmers already familiar with C or C++.

• Write less code: Comparisons of program metrics (class counts,

method counts, and so on) suggest that a program written in the

Java programming language can be four times smaller than the

same program in C++.

• Write better code: The Java programming language encourages

good coding practices, and its garbage collection helps you avoid

memory leaks. Its object orientation, its JavaBeans component

architecture, and its wide-ranging, easily extendible API let you

reuse other people's tested code and introduce fewer bugs.

• Develop programs more quickly: Your development time may

be as much as twice as fast versus writing the same program in

C++. Why? You write fewer lines of code and it is a simpler

programming language than C++.

• Avoid platform dependencies with 100% Pure Java: You can

keep your program portable by avoiding the use of libraries

written in other languages. The 100% pure JAVA is a repository

of historical process manuals, white papers, brochures, and

similar materials online.


• Write once, run anywhere: Because 100% Pure Java programs

are compiled into machine-independent bytecodes, they run

consistently on any Java platform.

• Distribute software more easily: You can upgrade applets

easily from a central server. Applets take advantage of the feature

of allowing new classes to be loaded "on the fly," without

recompiling the entire program.


SYSTEM REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATIONS

Developing Environment: The development environment is the critical factor in the functioning of the

developed system, so proper attention has to be paid while selecting this

environment. Following are the tools, which are used in developing software

package:

Operating Environments: The proposed project will operate under the following specification

Hardware Required: Processor: Pentium Processor

RAM: 128MB

HARD DISK: 40GB

Printer: Any compatible printer

Software Required: O.S.: Window 98, 2000, XP, Linux

Language: JAVA

Database: SQL Server


DATABASE DESIGN


DESIGN PHASE


The Construction Phase In the construction phase, the software components are built. This phase uses

the output of low-level design to produce software items. During the

construction phase, we divided the responsibilities among the team members.

Some of them are assigned the task of designing the interface, whereas

others take the job of writing the code to develop the project

Team structure includes three members

Reetu

Reena

Ritu

Reetu was assigned the task of gathering required information related to the

proposed project and also assigned the task of studying the existing manual

system. After the completion of task various disadvantages of existing project

has been studied and were kept in mind for the designing of proposed project.

Reena was assigned the task of interface design and design of various

databases to be used by the proposed project. After the completion of task

MS ACCESS was chosen as the database required for database connectivity

with JAVA. Also design of database tables was finalized.

Ritu was been assigned the task of design and coding which is under

progress.

The various other tasks were performed collectively by the team members,

which are completed up to mark.


The Testing Phase

Testing is vital to the success of the system. System testing makes a logical

assumption that if all the parts of the systems are correct, the goal will be

successfully achieved. Inadequate testing leads to errors that may not appear

until months later. This creates two problems:

The time lag between the cause and the appearance of the problem

The effect of system errors on files and records within the system

A small system error can conceivably explode into a much larger problem.

Effective testing early in the process translates directly into long-term cost

savings from a reduced number of errors.

Another reason for system testing is its utility as a user-oriented vehicle before

implementation. The best program is worthless if it does not meet the user

needs. Unfortunately, the user’s demands are often compromised by efforts to

facilitate program or design efficiency in terms of processing time or memory

utilization. Often the computer technician and the user have communication

barriers due to different backgrounds, interests, priorities and perhaps

languages. The system tester (designer, programmer or user) who has

developed some computer mastery can bridge this barrier

Testing Techniques

Both the Black Box testing and White Box testing techniques will be applied to

the proposed project for validating the software interface and to selectively

ensure that the internal working of the software is correct. The input will be

validated so that the correct output is produced. The checks for consistence of

the database will be properly evaluated. The procedure of the system will be


highly checked for the logical paths and for specific set of conditions, loops

etc.

1. All the paths within module will be exercised at least once

2. The logical decision will be exercised for true or false sides

3. Whole code will be verified for the syntax errors

4. The internal data structure will be validated for data consistency

5. The graphical user interface will be checked for particular event

6. The complete application will be tested after the integration of all

modules and sub modules

Testing Strategies Unit testing will be applied to all the modules of the project. All the modules of

the project will be tested with White Box and Black Box testing to complete

unit testing. Integration Testing will also be applied to verify that all the

interfaces work in co-ordination with each other. The Data Flow between

different modules will be verified for the consistency of the system. The

Bottom Up approach of integration will be applied to the proposed project. The

alpha testing of the project has been done by the team members. The beta

testing will be done by the employees of Food and Supply Department

Sample Data The sample data will be prepared to ensure the proper working of the software

and validate each module. After testing the proposed project with this sample

data the expected results will be compared with the outputs obtained and

thereafter further steps will be taken if necessary.


IMPLEMENTATION/CONVERSION PLAN

Conversion means changing from one system to another. The objective is to

put the tested system into operation while holding costs, risks and personal

irritation to a minimum. It involves:

1. Installing terminals

2. Installing the appropriate hardware and software

3. Creating computer compatible files

4. Training the operating staff

The conversion plan involves the following steps:

Conversion begins with the review of the project plan, the system test

documentation, and the implementation plan. The parties involved are the

user, the project team and the operators.

1. The conversion portions of the implementation plan to be finalized and

approved.

2. Files are converted

3. Parallel processing between the existing and the new systems to be

initiated

4. Results of computer operations of the new system to be logged

5. Assuming no problems, parallel processing to be discontinued

6. Implementation results to be documented

7. After all these steps, conversion is complete and the new system will be

now officially operational

Procedure for Implementation


System Test Documentation

Implementation Plan

Conversion portion of Implementation plan

Perform file Conversion

Project Plan

Log results of Conversion

Any Discrepancies?

Diagnose and Correct discrepancies

Discontinue parallel processing

Complete conversion

Implementation documentation

Implementation results

Project Plan

Perform parallel processing

Prepare plan for post-implementation


The Acceptance Phase

In this phase, based on the pre-defined acceptance criteria, we have

conducted acceptance testing for the project. In the case the acceptance

criteria are the fulfillment of all the requirements identified during the

requirement analysis phase.


Project Legacy Current Status of Project: The project i.e. Computerization of Book Store has been completed

successfully. Various phases (Requirement Analysis, Data Design, Coding,

and Testing) have been completed.

The project has been underlined and is kept in vision for the correct

functioning.

Technical and Managerial lessons learnt We have learned to work in the team environment with different task

provided to different team members. We are developing the project

according to the Software Development Life Cycle. We have read the

different phases of Software Development Life Cycle and also how to

implement them practically. We have learnt how to make the SRS. The

other things we have learnt how to create friendly interface, how to plan the

work and how to work with different components. For the completion of

project we had to learn the platform independent language JAVA that

provides interactive user interface. The main advantage of using JAVA is

platform independent which makes it to run any platform without the

specified hardware or software requires.

As managerial lessons we have learnt to work with patience, how to

cooperate with the team members and how to work in the team.


BIBLIOGRAPHY The following books are being used to fulfill the requirements of the proposed

project and are helpful in the understanding, development and the

maintenance of the project:

1. Software Engineering Roger S. Pressman

2. java K.A.Mugal

3. Database System Concepts Henry F. Korth

4. Structured Query Language Ivan Bayros

Websites Visited:

www.java.sun.com

www.google.com

COMPUTERIZATION OF BOOK STORE

Documents

Transcript of COMPUTERIZATION OF BOOK STORE