Computer Software Chapter 3. 3 Chapter 3: Computer Software2 Chapter Contents Section A: Software...

Computer SoftwareComputer Software

Chapter 3Chapter 3

Chapter 3: Computer Software 2

3 Chapter Contents

Section A: Software Basics Section B: Popular Applications Section C: Buying Software Section D: Installing Software and Upgrades Section E: Security Software


3SECTION A

Software BasicsSoftware Basics Software Categories Application Software Utility Software Device Drivers


3 Software Categories


3 Application Software Productivity software can

be defined as any type of application software that has the potential to help people do their work more efficiently

Groupware is designed to help several people collaborate on a single project using local networks or Internet connections


3 Utility Software Utility software (a type of

system software) is designed to help you monitor and configure settings for your computer system equipment, the operating system, or application software

A desktop widget is a specialized utility program that appears on a computer’s screen-based desktop


3 Device Drivers A device driver is

software that helps a peripheral device establish communication with a computer

Windows Device Manager


3SECTION B

Popular ApplicationsPopular Applications Document Production Software Spreadsheet Software “Number Crunching” Software Database Software Graphics Software


3SECTION B

Popular ApplicationsPopular Applications Music Software Video Editing and DVD Authoring Software Educational and Reference Software Entertainment Software Business Software


3 Document Production Software

Assists you with composing, editing, designing, printing, and electronically publishing documents– Word processing– Desktop publishing– Web authoring



Document productionsoftware makes it easyto get your ideas downon your screen-based“paper.”



Document production software may include:– Spelling checker

• Spelling dictionary

– Thesaurus– Grammar checker– Feature to analyze the reading level

• Readability formula

– Search and Replace feature



The format for a document refers to the way that all elements are arranged on the page



By defining a style, youcan apply multiple fontattributes with a singleclick.



DTP frames give you exactcontrol over the position of elements on a page, such as a figure and a caption on top of it.



Mail merge automatically creates personalized letters by combining the information in a mailing list with a form letter

Additional capabilities of word processing software include:– Automatically generating table of contents and index– Numbering and positioning footnotes– Providing document templates– Exporting to HTML format


3 Spreadsheet Software A spreadsheet uses

rows and columns of numbers to create a model or representation of a real solution

Spreadsheet software, such as Microsoft Excel, provides tools for creating worksheets


3 Spreadsheet SoftwareWhen a cell contains aformula, it displays theresult of the formularather than the formulaitself. To view and editthe formula, you use theFormula bar.

You can think of the formulaas working behindthe scenes to performcalculations and thendisplay the result.


3 Spreadsheet Software

A formula tells the computer how to use the contents of cells in calculations– Cell references

• Relative reference• Absolute reference

– Mathematical operators– Functions– Automatic recalculations


3 Spreadsheet Software

As shown in the examples,relative referenceswithin a formula canchange when you changethe sequence of a worksheet’s rows and columns. An absolute reference is “anchored” so that it always refers to a specific cell.


3 “Number Crunching” Software

Provides a structured environment dedicated to a particular number crunching task– Statistical software– Mathematical modeling software– Money management software

• Personal finance software

– Tax preparation software


3 Database Software

A database is a collection of data– Database software helps you find, organize,

update, and report information stored in a database


3 Database Software

Database software provides tools for specifying fields for aseries of records.


3 Database Software

A query language such as SQL (Structured Query Language) provides a set of commands for locating and manipulating data– Natural language query– Query by example


3 Graphics Software Designed to help you

create, manipulate, and print graphics– Paint software– Photo editing software– Drawing software– 3-D graphics software– CAD software– Presentation software


3 Graphics Software

A computer-based presentation consists of a series of slides, created with presentation software.


3 Music Software Allows you to make your own digital voice

and music recordings– Audio editing software– CD ripper software– Audio encoding software– Ear training software– Notation software– Computer-aided music software– MIDI sequencing software


3 Video Editing and DVD Authoring Software

Provides a set of tools for– Transferring video footage

from a camcorder to a computer

– Clipping out unwanted footage

– Assembling video segments– Adding special visual effects– Adding a sound track


3 Educational and Reference Software

Educational software– Helps you learn and practice new skills

Reference software– Provides a collection of information and a way to

access that information– Generally shipped on CD or DVD, or accessed

on the Web


3 Entertainment Software Computer games are the most popular type

of entertainment software– Role-playing– Action– Adventure– Puzzle– Simulation– Sports– Strategy


3 Business Software Vertical market software is designed to

automate specialized tasks in a specific market or business

Horizontal market software is generic software that just about any type of business can use– Payroll software– Accounting software– Project management software


3SECTION C

Buying SoftwareBuying Software Consumer Basics Software Copyrights and Licenses


3 Consumer Basics

Most operating systems include a handful of small applications and a good variety of useful utility software


3 Consumer Basics

A software suite is a collection of application software sold as a single package


3 Consumer Basics

Available in many types of stores Software contained on distribution media Make sure your computer meets the system

requirements


3 Software Copyrights and Licenses

A copyright is a form of legal protection that grants the author of an original “work” exclusive rights– Copyright notice

Software licenses define the ways in which you may use a computer program– Single-user– Site– Multiple-user– Concurrent– Shrink-wrap


3 Software Copyrights and Licenses

A EULA (end-user license agreement) is displayed on-screen when you first install software

Different types of software licenses– Commercial software– Demoware– Shareware– Freeware– Open source– BSD– GPL


3SECTION D

Installing Software and UpgradesInstalling Software and Upgrades Installation Basics Installing Local Applications Installing Portable Software and Web Apps Software Updates Uninstalling Software


3 Installation Basics

Software installation is a process that places a program into a computer so that it can be run or executed


3 Installing Local Applications


3 Installing Portable Software and Web Apps

Portable software is designed to run from removable storage, such as a CD or USB flash drive– Installation is simply a matter of getting program

files to the media on which they are supposed to run

A Web application is software that is accessed with a Web browser– May require client-side program to be installed


3 Software Updates Software publishers regularly update their software

– Add new features– Fix bugs– Update security

Software patches replace part of the software you currently have installed

Service packs correct problems and address security vulnerabilities, usually in operating systems


3 Software Updates

Updates are usually available online for registered software

Always install patches and service packs when they become available

Many software publishers require users to type in a validation code to complete the installation


3 Uninstalling Software

Uninstall routines delete the software’s files from the various folders on your computer’s hard disk


3SECTION E

Security SoftwareSecurity Software Security Software Basics Security Suites Antivirus Modules


3 Security Software Basics Security software is designed to protect computers

from various forms of destructive software and unauthorized intrusions

The terms malicious software and malware refer to any computer program designed to surreptitiously enter a computer, gain unauthorized access to data, or disrupt normal processing operations

A blended threat describes malware that combines more than one type of malicious program


3 Security Software Basics Computer virus Computer worm Trojan horse

– Keylogger– Remote Access Trojan (RAT)

Bot– Zombie– Botnet

Spyware


3 Security Software Basics

What does malware do?


3 Security Software Basics

The term rootkit refers to software tools used to conceal malware and backdoors that have been installed on a victim’s computer

A virus hoax usually arrives as an e-mail message containing dire warnings about a supposedly new virus on the loose


3 Security Suites A security suite

integrates several security modules to protect against the most common types of malware, unauthorized access, and spam

A security suite costs less than purchasing standalone security modules


3 Antivirus Modules Antivirus software is a type of utility software that

looks for and eradicates viruses, Trojan horses, worms, and bots– A virus signature is a section of program code, such as a

unique series of instructions, that can be used to identify a known malicious program, much as a fingerprint is used to identify an individual

– Virus signatures and other information that antivirus software uses to identify and eradicate malware is stored in one or more files usually referred to as virus definitions


3 Antivirus Modules


3 Antivirus Modules Most experts recommend

that you configure your antivirus software to periodically scan all the files on your computer

If, during the scanning process, your virus protection software identifies a virus, worm, Trojan horse, or bot in a file or attachment, it can try to remove the infection, put the file into quarantine, or simply delete the file

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Computer Software Chapter 3. 3 Chapter 3: Computer Software2 Chapter Contents Section A: Software...

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