Computer Networking concepts
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Transcript of Computer Networking concepts
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NETWORKING CONCEPTSBy – Mohammad Sadiq
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WHAT IS COMPUTER NETWORKING?
A computer network can be defined as a group of computers and other peripheral devices that are linked together for the purpose of sharing data and hard ware resources
Each computer in a network is called Node.
The computers in a network maybe linked through cables ,telephone lines, radio waves ,or infrared light beams
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ADVANTAGES OF NETWORKING
S.N. Advantage Description
1 Efficient Use of Storage Media
There is no need for separate media to store files. Files stored on server can be used by many user at a time.
2 Preserving InformationWhile personal data can be lost by individual users, Files stored on server are safe as regular backups takes place for server.
3 Reduction in Hardware Cost
In a network, devices (e.g. printer) can be shared by many users and thus no need for multiple devices for each user. This reduce the operation cost.
4 EfficiencyIn network, there is or single point (e.g. server) for modification / deletion of data / software. This increase system efficiency.
5 Redundancy Network system has made hard copy system almost redundant as files can be sent / shared in digital form.
6 Quickest Document Delivery e.g. files sent by email or other applications like WhatsApp
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NETWORKING COMPONENTS1 Network Card
2 Networking Cable
3 Hubs and Switches
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NETWORK CARDA network card is used to physically attach a computer to a network, so that it can participate in network communication. Ethernet Network Card is the most commonly used network card
Nowadays motherboards come with inbuilt Network Card.
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NETWORKING CABLEModern Ethernet networks use twisted pair cable containing 8 wires. These wires are arranged in a special order ,and an RJ-45 connecter is crimped at both ends of the cable
Ethernet Cable RJ-45 Connector
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HUBS AND SWITCHES
These devices that let you connect one or more computers to other computers, networked devices, or even other networks
Hub Switch
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TYPES OF NETWORKS
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PAN LAN MAN WAN
• PAN is a computer network that is mainly created for an individual person.
• It is used for communication among devices , such as laptop , mobile etc.
• It can be either wired or wireless. PAN generally a range less than 10 meters (30 feet).
• LAN- two or more computers and peripheral devices are connected with in a small
area
•MAN is a larger network than LAN which is spread across a
city
• WAN-is network connects two or more computers located at far way places
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NETWORK ARCHITECHTURE
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CLIENT – SERVER PEER TO PEER
• It is a network, where several computers called Clients or Workstations are connected to the main computers called Server.
• A Server is a computer that provides services to clients and controls access to hardware, software and other resources
• Clients are the computers, which request services, like data retrieval, storage etc. from the server
• Peer-to-Peer is a network where a few computers having equal capacity and capabilities are connected together to use the resources available on the network
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