COMPOSITE Testing of HVDC-connected offshore wind farms

© 2019 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.w w w . e p r i . c o m1

COMPOSITE Testing of HVDC-connected

offshore wind farms

11th March 2021 | Webcast

Oluwole Daniel Adeuyi & Benjamin Marshall, The National HVDC Centre.

&

Hani Saad & Markus Vor dem Berge, RTE International.

www.slido.com

Slido: #HVDC2021

We are expecting a large number of participants to join, so the session will start a couple of minutes late.

http://www.epri.com/

http://www.slido.com/

Page: 2

Welcome to our COMPOSITE Testing Webcast

Due to the large number

of participants, please

turn off video & put

microphone on mute

There will be Q&A at the end of the

session – please use Slido at any point to

ask your question. Feedbacks across the

presentation can be provided using MS

Teams chat.

Sections of the webinar will be

recorded. You will be informed on a

message via teams on which parts is

being recorded. Link to slides will be

shared after the webcast.

www.slido.com

Code: #HVDC2021

All questions or comments may not be addressed during the webcast. A briefing note with summary of

questions, answers and technical discussions will be published and circulated to all participants after the

webcast.

Expected

audience by

industry sector


Page: 3

Agenda

www.slido.com

Code: #HVDC2021

Time Description Record

(Y/N)

12:00 – 12:05 Welcome and Housekeeping Y

12:05 – 12:15 GB Offshore Electricity Networks Context Y

12:15 – 12:30 Overview of RTEI & HVDC Centre Collaboration N

12:30 – 12:40 COMPOSITE Project Findings N

12:40 – 12:55 Interoperability Landscape & Next steps Y

12:55 – 13:25 Panel Discussion / Q&As Y

13:25 – 13:30 Wrap up Y

There will be Q&A at the end of the session – please use Slido at any point during the technical presentations/panel discussion to ask your question.

Q&As


Page: 4

Overview of Complex Electricity Connections

❑ Composite Testing required for coordinated control strategy

HVDC design – frequency response example HVAC design – Voltage dip example

❑ Coordinated Control Strategy needed – requires composite testing

Onshore AC Grid

Offshore AC SystemTest C

Offshore Wind TurbinesTest D

OffshoreOnshore

HVDC Cables

Offshore Converter Platform

Onshore Converter

StationHVDC Link

Test B

Grid IntegrationTest A

Onshore AC Grid

Offshore Network Test E

Wind Turbine Test F

OffshoreOnshore

STATCOM Test B

AC Network Filters Test C

Reactor Test D

Grid IntegrationTest A

❑ Complex electricity connections comprise multiple technologies provided by different manufacturers, with each

equipment control & protection tested in factory environment, but not across the composite system performance.

❑ HVDC centre with support of ESO compliance team commissioned COMPOSITE project

with RTEI to identify practical guidelines for composite testing of complex connections.

Page: 5

❑ Offshore Wind Targets

o 9.8GW installed capacity

o 19.5GW by mid 2020so Up to 40GW by 2030

o Beyond 75GW by 2050

❑ Onshore Reinforcement Growth

o 3GW installed HVDC capacity

o Up to 7GW by 2027

o At least 11GW beyond 2030

o Based on latest NOA view

❑ Increasing HVDC Interconnection

o 5GW installed capacity

o Over 5GW under-construction

o 30GW expected by 2030

o ESO Interconnector Register

https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/offshore-

wind-sector-deal/offshore-wind-sector-deal-one-year-on

o 30% of installed capacities expected between

2025 & 2030 compared to 2050.

o Frameworks for anticipatory assets & integrated

offshore options required

o Analysis of integrated offshore solutions

required for de-risking technical risks and

potential adverse control interactions

o Increased connection of large offshore

wind driving increase onshore grid

reinforcements.

o Combined CBA, of offshore and onshore

network could inform optimal integrated

solutions;

o HVDC Centre analysis explores high-level

designs that could be used in detailed CBAs

o Largest growth of HVDC interconnections

expected by 2030.

o Opportunities exist for co-location of far-

from-shore OWFs and interconnectors;

o This option was out of scope of the HVDC

Centre investigation.

20302019

2019

2030

2020 NOA2015

DECC

Drivers for Integrated Offshore Transmission in GB

Page: 6

GB Offshore Wind Growth & Pace of Change

Source: ESO FES2020 ; Offshore Coordination Project 2020

❑ Leading the Way (LW) Scenario – regional

installed offshore wind capacity

❑ Pace of change & scale varies across regions, hence

different offshore networks designs would be required.

Page: 7

GB Implementation by 2050 – Key findings & policy impact

❑ Integrated offshore transmission approaches could offer up to 70% reduction in number of onshore landfall

locations with up to £6 billion consumer savings between 2025 & 2050, compared to current approach.

❑ Composite Testing is required: to ensure efficient, coordinated

& economic delivery of these

complex electricity

connections, comprising

multiple equipment.

❑ ESO OCP Phase 1 Final Report – published 16 Dec. 2020https://www.nationalgrideso.com/news/final-phase-1-report-our-offshore-coordination-project

Integration from 2025Integration from 2030Status Quo

How the offshore transmission network could look like by 2050…

Page: 8

HVDC EXPERTISEWebcast “Composite Testing of HVDC-connected Offshore Wind Farms”

11.03.2021, Markus Vor dem Berge, Director Power Electronics and Studies

HVDCExpertise-RTEi

Page: 9

Page: 10

WE PROMOTE THE FRENCH TSO’S EXPERTISE

Consultancy and studies

Technical assistance

Digital solutions

Maintenanceand procurement

Managed services

Engineering

Tel : +33 1 71 06 57 00 | Email [email protected]

Page: 11

OUR HVDC & FACTS SERVICES

Design Execution Operation

•

•

HVDC equipment technical

specification

•

•

Control and Protection

Factory test audit &

witnessing

•

•

•

System operation &

maintenance strategy

Improve specifications and

optimize system

performance

Control system change

managementPreparation of testing and

commissioning procedures

for HVDC/FACTS control and

protection systems• Tender Evaluation for HVDC

Applications - Negotiations

with EPC and OEM

Corrective patches testing

before deployment on site

by manufacturers•••

Site tests supervision

Change review••••

Cyber securityDesign review

and verificationIncident analysis

Incident management

Training

Real time digital simulator

testing of control and

protection systems

HVDCExpertise-RTEi

Engineering support

•

•Design and network studies

Integration studies

Interaction studies

•

Composite Testing of HVDC-connected Offshore

Wind Farms

Dr. Hani SAAD 11/03/2021

Prepared by RTE internationalIn collaboration with HVDC Centre

CONTEXT➢ The work is intended to provide an overview on EMT modeling and studies for HVDC-OWF link projects

➢ The report is publicly available on HVDCCenter’swebsite

Report plan:Chapter 1: Overview on HVDC-OWF systemChapter 2: Type of tools for dynamic studiesChapter 3: EMT modeling of HVDC-OWF systemChapter 4: Dynamic studies during project phasesChapter 5: Generic case study - Parameter sensitivity on system performanceChapter 6: Case study over project lifecycle - Lessons learned based on RTE/RTE-I projectsChapter 7: Q&A

System studies main challenges :1. Fast and complex behavior compared to the classical power system devices2. Complex control system designed by different manufacturers3. Several parties are involved

Converter transformer

BRK1

BRK2

Cable1

Cable2

OWFtransformer 1

WTG 1 WTG 2 WTG N

WTG 1 WTG 2 WTG N

OWFtransformer 2

WTG 1 WTG 2 WTG N

WTG 1 WTG 2 WTG N

AC switchyard

.. .

.. .

.. .

.. .

Feeder 1

Feeder 2

Feeder 3

Feeder 4

MMC station 2

MMC station 1

Converter

transformer DC cable

+-

1,000 MW 320kV

400kV AC network

CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW ON HVDC-OWF SYSTEM

VSCstation

WTG 1 WTG 2 WTG N

Busbars

.. .

Feeder 11

Feeder 22

Feeder 21

Feeder 12

WTG 1 WTG 2 WTG N

.. .

... ... ... ...

...

...

... ... ......

.. .

... ... ... ...

...

... ... ......

WTG 1 WTG 2 WTG N

WTG 1 WTG 2 WTG N

...

Transformer 2

Transformer 1

.. .

DC cable

1,000 MW 320kV

CHAPTER 2: TYPE OF TOOLS FOR DYNAMIC STUDIES

Load Flow

• Voltage Stability• Load flow studies• 50Hz models

RMS

• Transient stability • Electromechanical studies• 50 Hz models

EMT

• Electromagnetic behavior• Instantaneous voltages and currents• Dynamic studies• ~0 Hz to kHz models

Voltage

Voltage

5 s 10 s

Voltage

0.5 s 1 s~min Time Time Time

CHAPTER 2: TYPE OF TOOLS FOR DYNAMIC STUDIES

Real-time EMT toolsUsing a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) setup

Real time simulatorVoltage/current

measurements

CB status

Firing pulses

C&P systemPhysical equipment

ReplicasC&P system or Replicas

CHAPTER 2: TYPE OF TOOLS FOR DYNAMIC STUDIESDifferent tools for different studies

Software commonly used for HVDC projects:• RMS tools: PSSE, DigSilent PowerFactory, Eursotag and Netomac• Offline EMT tools: EMTP-rv, PSCAD, ATP, SimPowerSystem (Matlab) and DigSilent PowerFactory• Real time EMT simulation: RTDS, Hypersim and RT-Lab (Opal-RT)• Harmonic tools: DigSilent PowerFactory, EMTP-rv and several inhouse manufacturer tools

LightningNetwork switching

SSTI, SSR *

Transient stability Harmonic emission

and resonance

RMS tools

HVDC

studies

Dynamic

Tools

Control and protection performance

Harmonic tools

Transient stress

RFI

Offline EMT tools

Real-time EMT tools

AC side

frequency~0 Hz 50/60 Hz ~kHz ~MHz

Small-signal analysis tools

Power oscillation

CHAPTER 3 - EMT MODELING OF HVDC-OWF SYSTEM1. Overview on HVDC-OWF system

Transformer

MMC

AC

breaker

Bypass switch

star

po

int

reac

tor

PIR

Surge

arresters

DC

switchyard

AC

Filter

DC

Filter

RFI+

+

+

+

++

+

++

++

+

+

+

++

Gearbox

Grid

Step down

transformer

Wind

turbine

iPMSG

Stator-Side

ConverterGrid-Side

Converter

ig

IL , PL

RSC

command

GSC

command

Pitch

command

WTG

variables

Measurements

and Filters

Protection

System

Pitch

Control

Stator Control

System

Rotor Control

System

or

gate signal

Capacitor

Balancing

Control

VSC-MMCmeasurements

Modulation Low

erle

vel

contr

ol

,,or ref

uu abcabcv

,uabc abcn n

Outer

Control

Inner

Control

Upper

level

contr

ol Power-

angle

control

(or V/F

control)

abc → dq

PLL

Energy control

Circulating

Current control

Setpoints of:

P/Q/Vac/Droop/

Vdc,etc.

Reference: F. Evangelos, U. Karaagac, H. Saad, and J. Mahseredjian. "Short-circuit current contribution ofconverter interfacedwindturbinesand the impactonsystemprotection." In2013IREPSymposium,pp.1-9.IEEE,2013.

CHAPTER 4 - DYNAMIC STUDIES DURING PROJECT PHASES

EMT studies should be performed at eachphase to de-risk the project

-> This chapter is based on Cigré WG B4-70

Identifying the needs and alternative solutions

Economical and environmental

impact comparison of the

alternatives

Preliminary specification of

the selected scheme

Specification of the existing

system properties

Performance requirements for

the scheme

Detailed equipment

requirements

Protection and control system

settings

Simulation of critical system

tests

Investmentdecision

Awarding of the contract

Commissioning

Operation and maintenance

Feasibility studies

Specification studies

Implementation studies

Studies during operation

Installation of control system on site

Preliminary design studies

Planning

Bid/ Tender

Implementation

Operation

Reference: Cigré WG B4-70, “Guide for Electromagnetic Transient Studies Involving VSC converters”

To provides illustrative example of HVDC-OWF system dynamic operation using generic model in EMT softwareTo illustrate the impact of OWF on HVDC performance, different WTG model are used (1 generic and 3 vendor’smodel that are all compliant with onshore gride code)

Dynamic studies performed are:- Offshore Step change on Vac and Frequency reference- AC fault onshore and offshore- DC pole-to-ground fault- Onshore load rejection and frequency control response

CHAPTER 5 - GENERIC CASE STUDY

Aggregated Cable

OWF transformer

WTGType 4

AC switchyard

MMC1 MMC2

DC cable

+-

1,000 MW

320kV

2.7 GW

0.5 GW

200 km

PQMMC1 PQOWFPQ MMC2

BRK12.3 GW

H = 6.1 s

PQSM

Generi or

Vendor A or

Vendor B1 or

Vendor B2

Fault 2 Fault 1

1 2SM

Offshore 3LG AC fault :

4 different WTG models provides 3 different behaviors➢ Control tuning of HVDC and WTGs should be closely coordinated

All 4 WTG models considered, are compliant with RTE’s onshore GridCode which means that Vendor B2 does not trip for such type of faultwhen connected to an AC network grid.➢ Common onshore gride code may not be sufficient for

offshore WTG connection


2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.70

0.5

1

Vp

os

(pu

)

Time (sec)

WTG Generic

WTG Vendor A

WTG Vendor B1

WTG Vendor B2

2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

PM

MC

1 (

GW

)

Time (sec)

Aggregated Cable

OWF transformer

WTGType 4

AC switchyard

MMC1 MMC2

DC cable

1,000 MW 320kV

2.7 GW

0.5 GW

200 km

PQMMC1 PQOWFPQ MMC2

BRK12.3 GWH = 6.1 s

PQSM

Generi or Vendor A or Vendor B1 or Vendor B2

Fault 1

1 2SM

500MW onshore load rejection :

➢ Both frequency control approaches work properly when it is well coordinated.➢ When coordination is not properly done, in this test case, a 3.4 Hz oscillation

appears : this frequency range oscillation is a systemic issue that is within thebandwidth of several C&P systems in HVDC as well as in WTGs and can propagatein the onshore grid


WTGType 4

AC switchyard

MMC1 MMC2

DC cable

+-

1,000 MW

320kV

2.3 GW

H = 6.1 s 2.7 GW

0.5 GW

PQSM

PQMMC1 PQOWFPQ MMC2

Pref

OWF Frequency contol

BRK1

onshoreFreq

System

operator

SM 1 2

LP filterDeadband

WTGType 4

AC switchyard

MMC1 MMC2

DC cable

+-

1,000 MW

320kV

2.3 GW

H = 6.1 s 2.7 GWLoad 1

0.5 GW

PQSM

PQMMC1 PQOWFPQ MMC2

Pref

OWF Frequency contolMMC1 Frequency contol

BRK1

refFreqonshoreFreq

offshoreFreq

SM 1 2

LP filterDeadband

LP filterDeadband

Frequency control #1 Frequency control #2

8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28

50

50.5

51

51.5

52

52.5

Fre

qO

nsh

ore

(p

u)

Time (sec)

FreqCtrl#2

FreqCtrl #1

without FreqCtrl

8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 280.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

PM

MC

2 (

GW

)

Time (sec)

FreqCtrl#2

FreqCtrl #1

without FreqCtrl

10 12 14

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

PM

MC

2 (

GW

)

Time (sec)

10 12 14

50

50.5

51

Fre

q Off

sho

re

(Hz)

Time (sec)

Tuning #3

Tuning #2

Tuning #1

Control tuning impact:

5.1. AC Temporary Overvoltage after voltage recovery –planning stage studyTo improve specification

CHAPTER 6 - CASE STUDIES OVER PROJECT LIFECYCLE - LESSON LEARNED BASED ON REAL PROJECTS

2.9 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.60

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

VR

MSL

L (

pu

)

times (s)

0 20 40 60 80 100 1201.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

max

peak

VR

MSL

L (

pu

)Simulations

with HVDC-LCC linkwithout HVDC-

LCC link

Parameters Number of configurations

Impact of HVDC-LCC

link

• HVDC-LCC link included with active

power transits of ± 1000 MW

• HVDC-LCC link excluded

P/Q setpoints of the

HVDC-VSC link

± 1000 MW, ± 800 MW, 0 MW

-300 MVar

Fault resistance 0, 10, 30 and 50

Settling time of the

VSC Inner control7 and 10 ms

IFA2000 Link

HVDC-LCC 1GW

HVDC-MMC link 1GW

Fault1

ACgrid1

ACgrid

ACgrid2

Mandarins

5.3. Pole-to-ground fault event– study during operationIFA2000 link incident November 2016)

➢ Incident reproduction using Replicas➢ Importance of accurate modeling

CHAPTER 6 - CASE STUDIES OVER PROJECT LIFECYCLE

Pole-to-ground voltage

Alpha angle DC current

When inaccurate

cable model is used

5.4. Interaction assessment – Implementation stage study

• Johan Sverdrup project – Parallel operation studies• 2 HVDC VSC links running in parallel to provide 300MW to 9 oil and gas platforms• Worlds first multivendor HVDC links in parallel grid forming operation• Several parties involved : SIEMENS, ABB, Aibel, Equinor, etc.


PMS

Simulator/ model from HVDC 1

Interaction testing (PSCAD and RTS)

Dynamic FAT HVDC 2

Commissioning HVDC 2

Pretested simulator/ model

from HVDC 2

Detailed offshore network models

Retesting interaction in case of substantial changes

Testing of overlaid platform controls

Coordinator :



Offline EMT studies:

Real-time EMT studies:

5.4. Interaction assessment – Implementation stage study• Coordination between mutli-vendors


PMS

Simulator/ model from HVDC 1

Interaction testing (PSCAD and RTS)

Dynamic FAT HVDC 2

Commissioning HVDC 2

Pretested simulator/ model

from HVDC 2

Detailed offshore network models

Retesting interaction in case of substantial changes

Testing of overlaid platform controls

Coordinator :

Reference : S. Dennetière, P. Rault, K. Sharifabadi, H. Saad, J.H. Johansson, N. Krajisnik “Technical

solutions to predict and mitigate inadvertent interaction of two parallel connected VSC-HVDC schemes

feeding an islanded offshore Oil and Gas grid” CIGRE Conference, Paris, France, Aug. 2020



Norway

North Sea DC ±80 kV

AC 300 kV

AC 110 kV

PHASE 1 HVDC

AC 33 kV

Harmonic Filter

Kårstø

DC ±80 kV

AC 300 kV

PHASE 2 HVDC

Haugsneset

Harmonic Filter

PHASE 1 HVDCPHASE 2 HVDC

AC 11 kV

Johan Sverdrup PH1Johan Sverdrup PH2

AC 11 kV

Gina Krog

Edvard Grieg

AC 11 kV

Ivar Aasen

AC 110 kV

AC 110 kV

AC 33 kV

AC 11 kV

AC 11 kV

Essential generator

Impact of offshore

generation (voltage

and frequency control)

Impact of:

▪ Converter controls

▪ Harmonic interactions

▪ Converter protections

Impact of:

▪ Load characteristics to

voltage stability

▪ Transformers and

cables energizations

▪ Load rejection

Impact of:

▪ Load sharing

▪ Synchronisation

▪ Decoupling

Impact of:

▪ Offshore fault

▪ Onshore fault

5.6. Inter-area oscillation – study during operation

East-Centre-West inter-area oscillation event occurred on 1st December 2016


Reference: “Analysis of CE Inter-Area Oscillations of 1st

December 2016”, ENTSO-E SG SPD Report, 13.07.2017

5.6. Inter-area oscillation – study during operationEast-Centre-West inter-area oscillation event occurred on 1st December 2016Scopes of study for the Real-time simulation with replicas:• to validate and improve the RMS INELFE model• to test mitigation solution that has been proposed• to identify the exact C&P parameters that should be modified onsite• to write the procedure that should be used by the operator for onsite modification• to develop a benchmark test for future project and future software updates during lifecycle operation


0 20 40 60 80 1000

200

400

600

800

1000

PH

VD

C(M

W)

time (s)

Tuning #2

Tuning #1

0 20 40 60 80 1000.5

1

1.5

2

a

ng

le (

deg

ree)

time (s)

INELFE link

Station 1 Station 2

H1

10 GW

H2

10 GW

L1

8 GWL3

1 GW

L2

11 GW

Zline1

Zline2

BRK1

BRK2BRK3Zline3

PCC1 PCC2

P PHVDCTotal

SM SM

• HVDC systems are becoming more complex, with more variation in controls, and co-ordination performance across more devices.

• Simulation and Tests of this nature are becoming increasingly important, using a range of offline, real-time and HIL approaches.

• These activities should be done across a range of potential operating points, and at key points in the design and commissioning of projects.

• The report provides a guideline for HVDC-OWF EMT modeling, studies to be performed during project phases, general dynamic behavior of HVDC-OWF system and, as well as real case studies based on RTE/RTE-I experiences.

SUMMARY

www.slido.com

Code: #HVDC2021

Q&As


Page: 32

Evolution of Converter technology in GB…

To early 2000s c. 2005 onwards c. 2013 onwards today

LCC & other

Thyristor based

technologies

VSC & other IGBT based

technologies

VSC & other IGBT

based technologies,

Storage devices

1st Gen Control &

Protection (C&P)2nd Gen C&P 3rd Gen C&P 4th Gen C&P

Type 1-4 WTG

transition

Page: 33

Some key facets of Converter technology around today

Power System performance area Legacy (early/ small scale)

2nd Generation Grid follow & withstand

3rd Generation Grid follow & support

4th Generation; Grid forming, stabilising

1. Fault ride through and recovery None/ limited Yes Yes Yes

2. RoCoF & Vector Shift sensitivity LoM and control-based sensitivities

Different LoM considerations, control based sensitivity remain

Lesser control based sensitivities, potentially still LoM

No

3. Steady state and dynamic voltage support

None/ limited Yes Yes Yes

4. Fast fault current & transient voltage support

no no Yes, but may not be aligned with protection need

Yes- aligned with protection need

5. Low SCL resilience no no Yes but may require careful tuning

Yes

6. Inertial voltage & frequency support

no no No Yes –inherent to control concept

7. Black start capable no no Potential options

8. Proportions connecting on GB system today

c.20% c.30% c. 50% >1%, more to come?

These are facets of control and protection capabilities and priorities….

Page: 34

Differences within Converter technology

COMPOSITE project illustrates:-

• Perfectly compliant convertor solutions for wind turbines, but-can have very different behaviours within an offshore HVDC

connected environment!• Different responses to:

• Offshore faults;

• During onshore disturbances;• For small signal disturbances offshore.

• These inform:• Damping controls on offshore HVDC converters and;

• Over-arching supervisory controls across HVDC

converters.As projects share more infrastructure, these findings, and the

associated solutions for them become more relevant…

Page: 35

Convertor performance can be part of the problem…. or part of the solution= COMPOSITE findings direct how to solve.

o Single point failure risks, as network conditions change-and more complex designs emerge.

o Tracking and managing changes occurring over lifetime.

o Completeness of information and analysis possible ahead of connection.

o Hidden project interactions.

o New vulnerabilities…

o Hidden project behaviours.

o Completeness of codes & standards & Data Exchange.

https://www.smarternetworks.org/project/nia_nget0187/documents

https://www.nationalgrideso.com/publications/system-operability-framework-sof

https://www.nationalgrideso.com/publications/system-operability-framework-sof

https://www.nerc.com/pa/rrm/ea/1200_MW_Fault_Induced_Sol

ar_Photovoltaic_Resource_/1200_MW_Fault_Induced_Solar_Pho

tovoltaic_Resource_Interruption_Final.pdf

https://www.wecc.org/Administrative/14_RTE-Interarea%20oscillations.pdf

https://www.aemo.com.au/-/media/Files/Electricity/NEM/Market_Notices_and_Events/Power_System_Incident_Reports/2017/Integrated-Final-Report-SA-Black-System-28-September-2016.pdf

https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/publications-and-updates/investigation-9-august-2019-power-outage

High convertor concentration: Technical Risks

https://www.aanmelder.nl/ac-dc/wiki/470968/presentations

o New

simulation

environments

o IP &

confidentiality

management

o Operational

simulation

o Wide range of

conditions

o Hosted Project

testing

o New data

exchanges

COMPOSITE

Page: 36

Project

Encrypted

Model/

DLL

Hybrid- “software in-the Loop” simulation.

Network model in Real time

simulation environment

Timestep conversion and alignment interface

Pseudo

real-time

output,

complete

waveform

information

Include Protection and

WAMS in this loop?

AEMO and EMTP have also demonstrated this concept in late 2020 in Hypersim.

This is a potential “Game changer” for offline hosted EMT environments-Beta

Testing at the Centre from March ’21 in RTDS- includes “World Firsts”

Page: 37

Next steps: helping shape the future.

o Improve data exchange in codes to

inform new areas of analysis

required

o Inform further compliance tests and

requirements based on conclusions

identified from work to date.

o Develop new techniques (e.g. multi-

infeed small signal, protection

validation) to support efficient

analysis

o Identify required evolutions in tools

to deliver the scale, volume and

complexity of analysis needed.

o Develop reference modelling and

assumptions for analysis.

o Identify mitigation options and

changes to BAU activities.

Short term

o Deploy new frameworks for composite system testing and simulation

o Deploy new control and protection approaches

o Further requirements and data exchange to optimise de-risking.

o New benchmark tests and processes

o In service tracking and active de-risking via focussed system and convertor monitoring.

o Complementary and seamless RMS, EMT and Real-Time Hardware in the loop analysis overcoming current information gap.

Medium term

o Realise net Zero objectives maintaining network resilience

o Proactive support implementing increasingly complex solutions; large scale Offshore

o Promote greater network insight to future control of convertors

o Manage and mitigate risk of convertor resilience.

o Fully realise opportunity convertors present with focussed control strategies.

o Support defining how risks & opportunity beyond GB can be managed across the wider European grid.

Longer term

Feed through knowledge across Innovation Programmes

Knowledge sharing & solution deployment - effective cross-industry collaboration in de-

risking

GC0141 & offshore

GC?

CIGRE B4.81 &

innovation projects

CIGRE B4.85,

C4.60, EU Green Deal

Sustained

Inter-

operability

Page: 38

Interoperability – the importance of definition..

What this definition isn’t…

“The ability of a system or component to function effectively with

other systems or components”Webster’s New World College Dictionary, 4th Edition. Copyright © 2010 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. All rights reserved.

“Interoperability is a characteristic of a product or system, whose interfaces are completely

understood, to work with other products or systems, at present or in the future, in either

implementation or access, without any restrictions”

{Some ones’ ideal for interoperability; Wikipedia}.

The former is definable and deliverable (and has been delivered in GB system) the latter is not.

Can TSOs definitively define every operating state of their

networks and the devices on it to a developer./ vendor?.

Can Vendors describe, model

the detailed interplay of the entire control, protection and measurement structure in a

way a TSO could use and not

misunderstand? Do they really

need to?

can either TSO or vendor realistically have perfect foresight? Are solutions

that sensitive even worth having?

Any physical device will always have restriction. What matters is how the control and protection around it responds to that condition.

Page: 39

Interoperability challenges- focussing on the right ones!

Managing technological interoperability… Managing scale & range of interaction risk

o These are challenges of the past

now its not about how to manage, but more to continue

to refine and improve efficiencies of approach..

Managing manufacturer interoperability… Managing complex topology/requirements

o These are challenges of the future; relate to

control and protection clarity; overcoming the

“Information gap”

…

Islanded

network

110 and

33 kV

……

…

HVDC Phase-1

HVDC Phase-2

Cable 200 km

80 kV

Cable 200 km

80 kV +Onshore

AC network

300 kV

Page: 40

Interoperability- Bridging The information gap

Vendor-

landTSO

world

I need my existing and future network de-

risked to the introduction of your technology

Physics of Power System and Power Electronic engineering

Single point failure

& cascade effects

Lifetime managementCompleteness of

information/

model/hardware

Hidden

interactions/limitsNew vulnerabilities

I need your technology to

contribute to the stability and

function of the network that

accommodates others

I need my new technology to remain

reliable and connected undamaged to the

current and future network

I need my new technology to be

specified appropriately to provide

capabilities efficiently and

practically

Page: 41

Vendor-

landTSO

world

I will tell you how to meet my

requirement, not why


I will tell you what I think achieves

that, and solve the rest

Bridging the Information gap…the wrong way

Interoperability risks

exist

Oh dear

Oh dear

Page: 42

Vendor-

landTSO

world

I will explain what I am trying to

achieve, and why


I will tell you what information I need from

you to achieve that, and why I need it

Interoperability risks

managed

Ok, that should work- but we both need to have a way of simulating the whole solution,

to de-risk its implementation, and handle issues of IP and confidentiality within this exchange.

Bridging the Information gap… the right way

Page: 43

Panel Discussion / Q&A’s

❑ Panellists:

o Cornel Brozio - Network Planning & Regulation, SP Energy Networks;

o Markus Vor dem Berge – Director Power Electronics & Studies, RTEI

o Razvan Pabat-Stroe – Offshore Project Services, ScottishPower Renewables.

www.slido.com

Code: #HVDC2021

❑ Speakers:

o Hani Saad – HVDC Expert, RTE International

o Benjamin Marshall – HVDC Technology Manager, The National HVDC Centre

❑ Session Chair:

o Oluwole Daniel Adeuyi – Offshore Networks Lead, The National HVDC Centre

Q&As


© 2020 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.w w w . e p r i . c o m44

Thanks for listening.

Any questions, please?

❑ For further information, please visit www.hvdccentre.com ; OR email: [email protected]

❑ Register for upcoming Webcast on: 22 March at 2pm – 4.30pm GMT: Introduction to HVDC Technology and Grid Integration Challenges for Beginners. Click here OR use link: https://bit.ly/3v71Tyy

❑ 29 April : COMPOSITE project additional webinar co-hosted with EMTP, RTEI & the HVDC Centre.

Follow us on Twitter @HVDC_Centre_GB

Follow our Linkedin page The National HVDC Centre for regular updates.

We are recruiting NOW for a Simulation Engineer.

http://www.epri.com/

http://www.hvdccentre.com/

mailto:[email protected]

https://forms.office.com/Pages/ResponsePage.aspx?id=gw87leYcw0WCyR2EfjcjOXqaJpp64_dGn8qotzshNvhUMzRKVjc5S0ZUSkZZQk1VWDZZWjBVQTA3Si4u

https://bit.ly/3v71Tyy

http://www.linkedin.com/company/28646660

COMPOSITE Testing of HVDC-connected offshore wind farms

Documents

Transcript of COMPOSITE Testing of HVDC-connected offshore wind farms