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COMPONENT B

IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE

INTENSIFICATION AND DIVERSIFICATION

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Andhra Pradesh Water Sector Improvement Project

Nagarjunasagar Scheme

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

ABBREVIATIONS

Adarsha Rythu lead or progressive farmer

AEO Agricultural Extension Officers

ANGRAU Acharya NG Ranga Agriculture University

APLDA Andhra Pradesh Livestock Development Agency

APWSIP Andhra Pradesh Water Sector Improvement Project

ATMA Agriculture Technology Management Agency

FFS farmer field school

FTC Farmer Training Centres

IAID

Irrigated Agriculture Intensification and

Diversification

UDTC University District Training Centres

Lakh 100,000

MANAGE

National Institute of Agricultural Extension

Management

MAO Mandal Agricultural Officer

NABARD National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development

NGO Non Governmental Agency

NSS Nagarjuna Sagar Scheme

Polumbadi AP version of farmer field school

PPMU Project Preparation and Management Unit

PPP Project Program Promoters

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RMGs Rythu Mithra Group

SAMETI State Agricultural Management and Extension

Training Institute

SREP Strategic Research and Extension Plans

WUA Water Users Association

IAC Irrigated Agriculture Cell

FIAC Farm Information and Advisory Centre

PRA Participatory Rural Appraisal

WUE Water Use Efficiency

COMPONENT B

Irrigated Agriculture Intensification and Diversification

1 Background

The State of Andhra Pradesh is conducting a massive programme to rehabilitate and

modernise existing irrigation systems and also to develop new irrigation areas. The plan is

to create 69 lakh acres of new ayacut and stabilize 21 lakh acres by constructing 35 major

and 17 medium schemes with an capital out lay of Rs.38,000 crores. The Andhra Pradesh

Water Sector Improvement Project is aimed at modernization of Nagarjunasagar Project

with an outlay of about Rs. 4000 crores.

The multipurpose Nagarjuna Sagar Scheme (NSS) was commissioned in 1969 on

the Krishna River. The project feeds canals on the left and right of the river through 130

Mandals in the districts of Nalgonda, Khammam, Krishna, Guntur and Prakasham. The

original project design was approximately 22 lakh acres. The project also stabilizes

irrigation to the Krishna delta below the Prakasham Barrage.

The soils of the command area comprise mostly of red sandy loams (70%) and

black soils (30%). Rice is the predominant crop followed by cotton, chilly, maize,

groundnut and horticultural crops including sweet oranges, mango, chillies, turmeric and

vegetables.

Since the development of the NSS, factors like inadequate maintenance, inclusion

of unauthorized areas and poor irrigation practices have reduced the availability of water.

Farmers receive little information regarding management of the water resources, and hence

water use efficiency is low. Due to the lack of timely repairs and maintenance of the canal

network, the water is not reaching the tail end farmers. As a result approximately 4 lakh

acres of the original design is currently not irrigated. As the Andhra Pradesh Water Sector

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Improvement Project (APWSIP) will address the water management and delivery issues,

there is a critical need to equip the water users with the tools required to optimise

agricultural productivity.

The main objective of the project is to bridge the gap ayacut (the difference

between planned and the actual ayacut) to provide water for farmers as per the original

command design. The project aims to provide assured supply of water with equitable

distribution through the strengthening of Water Users Associations (WUAs). The project

also aims to provide farmers with the necessary tools to maximise the productivity of the

water resource. The objective will be achieved through the provision of technical,

extension and agri-business development support in such a way that it can be adapted to the

farmers’ needs at the community/WUA level in regards to agriculture, horticulture,

livestock, livestock production and fisheries.

The NSS is an intensive irrigated agricultural system supporting a multitude of

crops and allied activities on which a large number of communities are dependant.

Information collected by the various Line Departments regarding productivity indicates

that there is a large scope for improvement. Strategic Research and Extension Plans

(SREP) for the districts of Guntur and Krishna reflect these conclusions. Currently

productivity levels and cropping intensities are static or declining. The reasons for under

achievement of the irrigated agriculture sector include:

• Original planned development of NSS is incomplete,

• Operation and maintenance of irrigation system is below standard,

• Poor understanding of water management by farmers,

• Inadequate extension and hence low adoption rates of crop production technologies,

• Declining soil fertility, poor field management and a general lack of understanding

leading to the development of nutrient imbalances.

To strengthen the initiatives already taken up by the Line Departments across the

State and in the project districts, the interventions proposed under irrigated agriculture

intensification and diversification component aim to improve livelihoods of water users in

the NSS command area.

These interventions will augment the on-going efforts of the various stakeholders.

They are complimentary in nature and will entail enhancement of net income of the farmers

from the farm enterprise as a whole.

2 Component Objective

The goal of this component is to increase farm profitability by increasing

production and returns on produce of irrigated agriculture, horticulture, animal husbandry,

fisheries and other related activities. This would be achieved by improvement in production

technologies, better market linkages, making agricultural extension more demand-driven

and better aligned with market opportunities. These activities, to be financed under this

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component, will be related to Irrigated Agriculture Intensification and Diversification

(IAID).

The IAID Component objectives are derived from the Project Development

Objective and aim at increasing productivity of irrigated agriculture in the Nagarjuna Sagar

Scheme command. It has the following outcome indicators:

• Increase in net household income of NSS farmers

• Increase in field and horticultural crop productivity

• Increase in fish production

• Increase in milk production

3 Component description

The IAID component will adopt a grassroots approach whereby the interventions

are determined by the water users using participatory methods that involve relevant project

stakeholders. The bottom up approach to extension is relatively new to Andhra Pradesh and

this project seeks to use the existing framework to channel interventions that have a water

focus. Initially this component will identify the gaps in water management and will tailor

interventions that meet the needs of the farmers. The project also aims to strengthen the

extension framework wherever needed.

The IAID interventions will primarily focus on agro-based activities and thus the

primary beneficiaries will be the command area farmers. The marketing related activities

will generate additional employment at village level.

The IAID component will concentrate on extension of best practices for optimal

productivity and will also include demonstration of innovative models and practices

through pilots and adaptive research for production and post production processes and for

development of agri-business. This will be in terms of producing marketable surplus,

increased returns to the producer through adoption of improved practices, collective action

and better knowledge about market demand and supply chains.

The project interventions will be implemented at the district level through the

Agricultural Technology Management Agency (ATMA). ATMA is community/farmer

involvement, a grassroots approach that addresses the gaps in support services and

emerging opportunities for improving agricultural livelihoods of the communities. ATMA

has developed Strategic Research and Extension Plans (SREP) for each of the five project

districts which form the basis of Block Action Plans (for extension, research, marketing

etc.) The project will use this planning structure as a basis for implementation of all

interventions. An essential aspect of the component is the linking of the WUA to the

ATMA/SREP approach. The interventions included in this note under different sub

components are indicative and are subjected to change as per the needs and gaps identified

by the District Water Management and Agriculture Development Plan (DWMADP).

The project will build upon the ATMA model for supporting training of

“progressive farmers” through farmer field schools (Polumbadi). The progressive farmers

and the members of the WUAs will be linked to the line departments and other partners for

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continued technical support. The progressive farmers will ensure continuity of the

agricultural livelihoods support services to other farmers beyond the project period. The

synergy between NSS structural improvements, IAID interventions, and the progressive

farmers will help to sustain the interest of WUAs in scheme maintenance and management.

Generally the intervention will be in the form of improvement in production technologies

(demonstrations), strengthening of support services (training) and capacity building.

Sub-Components

The IAID activities will cover the following six areas:

• Agriculture

• Horticulture

• Livestock

• Fisheries

• Adaptive research

• Market-led extension and support to ATMAs

Interventions

The IAID activities broadly include production and productivity improvement in

field crops, horticulture, livestock, fisheries, and agri-business. The indicative list of

activities is as under and more details are provided in subsequent sections:

• Agriculture: technology and water management demonstrations and training for

traditional crops

• Horticulture: vegetable crop technology and post harvest management

demonstrations

• Livestock: breed improvement, fodder development, fertility and health

management.

• Fisheries: technology demonstrations and market linkages

• Adaptive research: research trials and demonstrations

• Market-led extension: capacity building of the extension system and strengthening

of ATMAs

3.1 Agriculture

The agriculture activities are planned to improve water use efficiency, increase

productivity, cropping intensity and crop diversification in the NSS command. These

interventions are directly addressing the major Project Development Objective of increased

crop productivity of irrigated agriculture and thereby increasing farm incomes.

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Andhra Pradesh is one of the leading agriculture states in the country and the future

of its agriculture sector is closely interlinked with several factors in the policy issues at the

state, national and international levels. Sustainable growth in agriculture sector is critical,

not only for the state of Andhra Pradesh but also for all India. The economy of Andhra

Pradesh continues to be predominantly agrarian with around 70% of the population

involved in agriculture and related activities. The dependence of rural labour force on

agriculture and allied activities is quite evident and is likely to continue on the same lines

in the near future. Trade in agriculture inputs, outputs, and services and processing are

increasing and create additional employment opportunities. The State is an important

producer of rice, groundnut, cotton, chillies, sugarcane and horticultural crops.

The total geographical area of the State is 274.40 lakh ha. Out of this, 39.5% is net

area sown, 22.6% forests, 8.9% fallow, 9.5% non-agriculture uses, 7.6% barren and un-

cultivable land, and the remaining 11.9% cultivable wastes, permanent pastures and other

grazing lands. During the year 2005-06, the net area sown increased to 108.39 lakh ha from

104.31 lakh ha in 2004-05.

The area sown to food grains in 2006-07 in the state was 67.43 lakh ha compared

with 71.68 lakh ha in 2005-06. The area under groundnut decreased to 13.28 lakh ha in

2006-07 from 18.76 lakh ha in 2005-06.

In 2005-06, the cropping intensity was 124%. The annual rate of growth of

aggregate agriculture during the 1990s was 2.3%, significantly less than in the 1980s when

it was 3.4%. The yield growth also declined.

There are large seasonal variations in the area planted under irrigation due to water

availability. For example gross area irrigated in AP increased to 59.96 lakh ha in 2005-06

from 49.87 lakh ha in 2004-05. The gross irrigated land using wells accounted for 46.6% of

total area followed by canals with 37.2 % and tanks with 12.7% in the year 2005-06.

Agriculture in the Nagarjunasagar Project (NSS): The NSS Project area covers the

districts of Guntur and Prakasam under NSS Right canal, and Khammam, Nalgonda,

Krishna and West Godavari under NSS Left Canal. The crops grown in the command area

are shown in Table 1. About 85% of the crop area is under rice, cotton, chillies and pulses.

Table 1: Extent of major crops in the left and right canals of the NSS command area

Extent Covered (lakh acres)

aaacrha)hahhaacres)

Crop

NSS (Right) NSS (Left)

Paddy 5.33 4.72

Groundnut 0.22 0.20

Chillies 1.30 0.63

Cotton 1.81 1.10

Pulses 0.78 0.53

Jowar/Maize 0.08 0.08

Vegetables 0.20 —

Others 0.72 1.30 TOTAL 10.61 8.56

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The yield of major crops cultivated in the command area shows that the current

productivity levels are way below the potential. The targeted productivity of rice is 5500

kgs per ha where as the State average productivity is 2939 kgs/per ha and that of NSS

command is about 3200 kgs per ha. Similarly there is a potential to improve the

productivity of other crops such as maize, groundnut and chillies.

The agriculture activities of the IAID will focus on three major interventions (i)

improvement in production technologies through demonstrations, (ii) training and (iii)

capacity building.

3.1.1 Improvement in production technologies through demonstrations

Demonstrations are one of the most effective tools for dissemination of technology

to farmers. This project aims to provide relevant demonstrations that will guide the farmer

using an integrated crop management approach. Demonstrations will be accompanied by

one field day per year per crop season organised at a time to show the maximum impact.

This will usually occur just before the harvest period. Village level training will also make

use of the demonstrations. All trainings will have a “field” session where farmers visit the

demonstration sites. Demonstrations will be site specific and information will be collected

to ensure that they reflect the needs of the different social status in the community. For

example, the demonstrations designed for bigger farmers may be different for small and

marginal farmers, based on labour/machinery requirements, etc. Each demonstration plot

will have a small control area that represents the “without” situation for comparison

purposes. Site selection for demonstrations will use the following criteria:

• Easy accessibility from neighbouring villages,

• Road side plot,

• Plot soil type is representative of the major soil type in the surrounding area,

• The plot owner is either a lead farmer or a progressive farmer and is willing to

adopt the complete package in a timely manner and

• Canals supplying water to the field are in good working order or are being

rehabilitated.

On-Farm Demonstrations

The on-farm crop demonstrations will broadly follow the Integrated Crop

Management (ICM) principles, including the complete package of practices for the given

crop not on one or two aspects of crop production alone. Demonstrations will follow the

principle that to get the maximum from an intervention introduced, the best recommended

practices must be adopted for all activities in the cropping cycle. The main concept of

demonstrations is ‘Seeing is believing’ and ‘practising is perfecting’. Based on this

concept, demonstrations in WUAs, RMGs or Adarsha Rythu farm holdings will be

organized to demonstrate the profitability of proven technologies covering all steps from

seed to seed.

The package of ICM practices will be location specific. Financial support under the

project for organizing demonstrations will be provided for supply of critical inputs like

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seed treatment chemicals, correction of micro nutrient deficiency, improved seeds, bio

control agents, bio-fertilizers and chemical fertilisers. The assistance will cover the cost of

the demonstration inputs. The labour and other normal costs will be borne by the

beneficiary.

Demonstrations will be conducted on farmers’ fields with the participation of the

associated WUA and Polumbadi and facilitated by the Project Program Promoters (PPP)

and local agricultural extension staff. The PPP will liaise with relevant institutions like

KVKs, research organisations, private companies and NGOs as required. The

demonstrations will be organised in the head, middle and tail regions. These will be

specific to these three different situations. For example, the head region will conduct

demonstrations that show the impact of efficient irrigation on yields, while in the tail region

the demonstrations on crops that use less water can be organized.

In general a size of a demonstration should not be more than one hectare. The actual

size however will depend on the type of demonstration, land available and other relevant

factors. The IPM demonstration, however, will be area wise rather than field based. The

farmer and DoA staff will liaise prior to the cropping season to ensure inputs are supplied

well in advance and that other logistic arrangements are made well in advance to achieve

greater impact.

The theme for demonstrations will be decided in a participatory manner through the

arrangements put in place by the field staff of the Department of Agriculture and ATMAs.

This will be further refined when once the District Water Management and Agriculture

Development Plan and Mandal Action Plans are prepared by ATMA with the assistance of

MANAGE. The following is only an indicative list of suggested topics for demonstrations

for ICM, water management, pest management, nutrient management, crop intensification

and diversification and conservation agriculture. These may need to be appropriately

modified based on implementation experience and emerging needs. The detailed guidelines

for organising demonstrations are given in Annexure-1.

Integrated Crop Management Demonstrations: The ICM demonstrations will cover the

complete package of practices (including optimum time and method of irrigation) from

land preparation to harvesting, and post harvest handling and marketing. These

demonstrations will stress the critical importance of timeliness of operations for obtaining

optimal productivity. These will also cover, wherever possible, improved practices for

sustainable management of land and water, resource conservation technologies, etc. ICM is

a package of agronomic practices that includes land preparation, improved seeds, seed

treatment, raising of nursery, sowing/transplantation, on-farm water management, inter

crop cultivation, integrated nutrient management, integrated pest management, harvesting,

and post harvest technologies.

For rice and other crops, cluster demonstrations may also be organized at head,

middle and tail end of canal/distributaries to demonstrate effective on-farm water

management techniques for improved water use efficiency. A total of 6000 ICM

demonstrations are planned for rice (including hybrids), maize, cotton, groundnut, pulses

and other important crops.

Integrated Water Management Demonstrations: Water management demonstrations

will aim to raise awareness of the value of water and methods of irrigation to increase the

farm output using the same amount (or less) of water. Such demonstrations will include

row/furrow irrigation, alternate furrow irrigation, skip row irrigation, micro irrigation

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(drip/sprinkler), system of rice intensification (SRI), cultivation of less water requiring

crops, proper canal and bund maintenance, field levelling, optimising the size of bunds,

irrigation scheduling tools and techniques. A total of 1080 water management

demonstrations are proposed.

Crop Intensification Demonstrations: As the improvement and modernization of the

water delivery system under Component A is done, more reliable source of water will be

available. To ensure maximum returns from this investment, demonstrations will be

conducted to show the benefits of double and triple cropping. Organization of

demonstrations would be synchronized with the canal system improvements undertaken

under the project. The demonstrations will also cover aspects related to making the best use

of limited water supplies due to low rainfall and delays in rehabilitation of canal systems.

Wherever surplus water is available, intensification demonstrations are justified.

The demonstrations will also make use of the second/third crop to show the value of crop

rotations with a particular emphasis on pulses and oilseeds, in building soil fertility and

breaking disease and pest cycles associated with mono cropping so as to adapt to the local

agro-economic climate. Other low water requirement crops and green manure crops will be

combined in intensification and IPNM demonstrations. These demonstrations will,

wherever possible, promote the use of conservation agriculture techniques to conserve

water such as zero/minimum/reduced tillage. These demonstrations will also need to

emphasise the importance of timeliness of operations to maximise productivity of all crops

in the rotation. These demonstrations may also include relay cropping and mixed cropping

techniques.

Crop Diversification Demonstrations: The main crops grown in the NSS are rice, maize,

groundnut and cotton. The project will promote crop diversification by supporting

demonstrations on crops such as sunflower, safflower, pulses and other field crops. The

Department of Agriculture will also work with the Department of Horticulture to

demonstrate production technologies for vegetable, spice and fruit crops. Diversification to

these crops will be supported by market-led extension with appropriate production and

marketing back up. These demonstrations will include pulse–paddy (green gram preceding

paddy); paddy–pulse; groundnut/sunflower/sesamum (Gingelly) using residual moisture of

first crop with zero tillage; semi dry paddy at middle reaches; cotton + soybean; cotton +

green gram, followed by pulse, groundnut + maize. Demonstrations will also include

discouraging tobacco cultivation in Prakasham district by replacing it with crops like black

gram/soybean. Demonstrations on growing coconut around rice field bunds are also

planned.

Integrated Plant Nutrient Management Demonstrations: Application of nutrients in a

farming system in the form of fertilizers and manures is a practice in agriculture to

supplement soil reserves to meet the nutrient requirements of the crop. The increase in the

cost of synthetic fertilisers, and the gradual decline in soil fertility require that a new

approach to crop nutrient management needs to be adopted. The concept of Integrated Plant

Nutrient Management (IPNM) combines the use of green manure crops, composts,

NADEP, vermiculture, crop rotations, soil testing and plant testing, record keeping and

conservation agriculture into one package. This approach helps to improved soil health and

fertilizer use efficiency leading to enhanced productivity and profitability. IPNM

demonstrations will address nutrient deficiencies and popularize application of organic

manures to supplement the use of chemical fertilizers (partially or fully) to protect and

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safeguard soil health and natural ecosystem. In the NSS command, there are areas of

micro-nutrient deficiencies, limited use of organic manures, and split application

technology often not being synchronized with critical stages of plant growth affecting soil

quality and crop yield. The efficiency of the applied fertiliser is also adversely affected.

Technologies to be demonstrated will include soil testing for balanced nutrient

management, fertilizer banding and placement, split application at critical stages of crop

growth, micro-dosing and foliar applications. Demonstrations will also include production

and application of organic fertilizers, green manure crops and use of nitrogen fixing micro-

organisms. The following is an indicative list of IPNM demonstrations:

• Balanced use of macro and micro nutrients

• Use of soil testing and plant tissue monitoring

• Use of plant indicators for deficiency identification

• Green manure crops like dhaincha, pillipesara and sunhemp

• Composting and other organic manuring techniques

• Split application of fertilizers

Integrated Pest Management: The use of chemicals to control insects and weeds has

many repercussions on the environment and productivity. Poor application techniques

result in poor efficacy and hence farmers tend to overcompensate by applying rates far

above the recommended level. This in turn can lead to contamination of the surrounding

environment, build-up of resistance in the target population and health problems for the

local community. The concept of integrated pest management is to reduce the reliance on

synthetic crop protection products. Experience in countries where IPM has been widely

adapted is that an area wide approach gives the best results, as contamination/drift from

nearby neighbours can nullify IPM treatments. It is recommended that IPM be piloted

village wise through WUAs and also where there is a natural barrier (watercourse, forest

etc) to neighbouring communities. It is also recommended that communities that have

already adapted IPM be strengthened further to promote radial spread of the technology.

The Department of Agriculture will work in partnership with the Department of

Horticulture to implement an area wide IPM approach, covering field and horticultural

crops.

These demonstrations will include the use of biological control agents and

beneficial insects, the use of trap crops, methods on production of natural pesticides, area

wide management, use of monitoring techniques such as sweep nets, pheromone traps, beat

sheets, use of insect thresholds and best practices for pesticide application.

The weed management demonstrations will also include conservation agriculture

techniques that promote surface mulches using previous crop residues, methods that reduce

the weed seed bank and the maintenance of canal system to reduce the spread of weed

seeds through the irrigation water and enhance the life and efficiency of the irrigation

system.

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Field Days

One field day will be organized by Polumbadi with facilitation from the PPP and

Agricultural Extension Officer (AEO) at each demonstration site. The Field Day will

correspond with the time when the greatest impact of the demonstration is visible in the

crop, which will normally come towards the end of the growing season and should be

organised shortly before the crop harvest. The preliminary timing of the field day will be

determined during the planning of the demonstration and confirmed one month before the

tentative date. The PPP and departmental extension offices will be responsible for

publicizing these events and will employ suitable strategies, such as notice boards, radio,

community meetings etc to announce field days. The field days will involve the members

of the Polumbadi, and a large number of farmers of neighbouring fields and villages will be

invited to see the demonstration plots, and observe the difference in comparison to control

plot. Documentation of the output and outcome of these demonstrations is to be ensured.

Line Department and project staff will provide the necessary background to the farmers

about the demonstrated technology and expected performance. This may be delivered in the

form of lectures and printed material. Information should also be provided to the farmers

on the sources of inputs and expected market for products and harvest/post harvest

management.

Innovative pilots as identified during the course of implementation by ATMA with

the assistance of MANAGE will be taken up. This would focus on on-farm value addition

particularly in the areas of post harvest technologies, custom hiring of farm machineries

and development of agri-based development in the areas of production of bio fertilizers,

bio-pesticides, vermihatcharies, mushroom cultivation, rice bran oil extraction, card board

preparation etc through WUAs.

Strengthening of Support Services/Training

The strengthening of support systems and training component will provide

participants with the necessary tools to compliment demonstrations and to ensure adoption

of improved crop management techniques and technologies. It will provide them with

confidence to adopt and extend. Trainings will be focussed on the Polumbadi approach and

fit within the ATMA extension framework. The ATMA approach focuses the attention of

trainings to a group of lead farmers from a cluster of villages and provides the necessary

linkages between the farmers and the service providers. These farmers in turn organise lead

farmer groups in their own villages to further extend the lessons learned. It is critical that in

the selection of lead farmers for the Farmer Field School (FFS), members of all socio

economic groups (SC, ST, small and marginal farmers and women) are proportionally

represented. The criteria for selection of participants for training will follow the project

social guidelines.

Trainings will be organized for the staff working at different levels of the

Department and also for the members of farmers’ organizations and farm women to

achieve the desired outcomes.

Staff training will have two components; higher level department staff will be given

management training while field level staff will be given training in extension techniques

and latest production technologies. Farmers’ training will target progressive farmers

(including women) and provide them with the technological skills and the extension skills

required. For this activity strengthening of FTCs and State Level Agriculture and Extension

Management Training institute (SAMETI) are included.

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Development of Training and Publicity Materials: The project will prepare and print

literature, training and publicity materials on crop production technologies and water

management practices in the form of booklets, pamphlets, posters, folders, hoardings, wall

paintings and documentaries. Literature and materials will be produced for allied

departments as required. The development of training materials will be done by the Nodal

Unit in DOA in consultation with FIACs and PD ATMAs of the five districts. They will

also identify the subjects through Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) exercise.

Themes for training will be directly related to the themes covered demonstrations,

and will provide technical backstopping required for the farmers to understand and adopt

the improved technologies. An indicative list of suggested themes (actual themes to be

decided on farmer needs basis) for which training modules and materials will be developed

are outlined in

Table 2, and are the same as the suggested thematic areas for demonstrations.

Table 2: Indicative list of themes for technological skill development

Integrated water management Integrated pest management

Integrated nutrient management Integrated crop management

Crop diversification Crop intensification

Benefits of farmer organizations Off-farm income generating activities

Gender issues Conservation agriculture

Reclamation of saline/alkali soils

Any other relevant issues

Minimum or zero tillage techniques and other

resource conservation technologies

Use of farm implements/machineries

Training of Line Department Staff:

These trainings will be designed to impart awareness and improve the skills of the

staff involved in project implementation. The program will include:

• Orientation workshops

• Management training for senior and middle level officers

• Extension and technical training to Project Program Promoters and departmental

extension staff

• Exposure visits

The staff of Department of Agriculture (DOA), i.e., Project Director (PD) of

ATMA, ADA(R), MAOs and officials of allied Departments involved in the

implementation of the component will participate in an orientation workshop. This will be

organised by WALMATARI/MANAGE/SAMETI. In this workshop they will be provided

with the project background and be assessed for any further skills that may be required to

implement the IAID component. This will include reporting techniques, fund flow

management, effective monitoring and evaluation, and motivational techniques. The role of

implementing officials and modalities of implementation will be discussed in the

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workshop, and feedback will be collected from the participants regarding possible

improvements that can be made in future.

All the staff at the field level will attend the orientation workshop. Field level staff

includes PPPs, MAOs and officers from allied departments. These staff will be provided

training in extension methodology, rural appraisal techniques and technical aspects. PPPs

will also attend any orientation or training of the NGOs contracted as advisors and social

motivators to WUAs and it is essential that this link be formed early in the project. All

PPPs will also be oriented and trained on technical areas related to the project as they are

newly recruited with different background.

The training programmes will be organized for 130 Mandal Agricultural Officers

(MAOs) and PPPs working in the project area on location specific integrated crop

production packages. The trainings will emphasize more on water management, with a

view to increase per unit productivity of the water (WUE). Further trainings will be

conducted on organization of effective demonstrations.

All the 130 Project programme promoters (PPPs) will receive training at SAMETI

on extension techniques, training methodology and PRA methodology. They will also be

trained on the project components and roles and responsibilities of DOA and allied

departments. The resource persons from Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University

(ANGRAU), DOA and allied departments will also conduct trainings for the PPPs on

implementation of IAID component.

Training of Farmers

Training of farmers will be need based and derived from the output of the SREP

and the themes of the demonstrations to be conducted in the local area. This should be

reflected in the District Water Management and Agricultural Development Plan prepared

by MANAGE and ATMA. The project will train farmers using the established ATMA

framework and Polumbadi’s. This is a system of training of progressive farmers and

equipping them with the resources to further extend the information to the wider

community and is described in detail in Chapter 5. Implementation Arrangements.

MANAGE will develop the methodology required to assess mandal level staff to

determine their capacity to deliver the extension services required by the IAID component.

This will be conducted during orientation workshops, or other events during initial stages

of the project. MANAGE will analyse these data to determine the capacity building

requirements of staff, upon which the relevant partner agency will take action.

Farmers’ trainings will cover location specific integrated crop production

technologies of field crops and horticulture, and will cater to the specific training needs of

the farmers of the area already identified by the ATMAs PRA exercise. It is proposed to

organize training for 9000 progressive farmers.

Training programmes will be organized continuously throughout the cropping

season at regular intervals. This on-field training programme will be conducted by the

institution that possesses the comparative advantage for the subject matter. Such

institutions will include Farmer Training Centres (FTC), KVKs, NGOs and others. The

PPP will inform the Polumbadi/WUA (and village) of the training schedule before the

commencement of the cropping season and make the necessary arrangements to ensure

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greater participation at these events. Training programmes will be on a need basis and will

come under the general topics of ICM, IPNM, IPM, and water management. These

trainings will consist of a theory session and a field session to be conducted in nearby

project demonstration sites. During the field session any issues relating to crop

performance not addressed in the classroom session will also be covered. The trainings will

be organized for a batch of approximately 30 farmers.

Farm women participate in 80-90% of agricultural operations and form a important

human resource in the project area. As such trainings will be designed and organised to

meet the specific needs of women in the project area. Following the same principle as

above, training will be conducted exclusively to women Polumbadi groups. The project is

targeting 48500 farmers with this intervention. General guidelines for organizing training

are given in Annexure 2.

3.1.2 Exposure Visits

In order to promote better adoption rates, it is highly beneficial to witness success

stories, which can be done through exposure visits. This activity will have a telling effect

on the minds of the farmers to adopt improved technologies. This will help spreading of

technology. The exposure visits will cover the area where successful stories of IAID

implementation in states like Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan) can be seen. Visits will

also be conducted intra district, inter district, intra state and interstate. Participants will be

selected following the project social guidelines.

Exposure visits will be conducted for both staff and progressive farmers. During the

exposure visit one person will be nominated to take notes and photographs. Upon return the

nominated person will prepare a “trip report” that can be used in the local media. In the

case of staff exposure visits each of the participants will conduct a debriefing seminar to

his/her colleagues and subordinates explaining the lessons learned and how they may be

extended into the wider community. For farmer exposure visits the nominated person will

be the DoA staff or PPP. Similarly the nominated person will prepare a report on the trip

for use in the local media. Farmer participants will be encouraged to disseminate findings

to other members of their WUAs and local communities and spread the trip report.

Exposure Visits for Staff

It is proposed to organize exposure visits to the MAOs and ADAs directly involved

in the project implementation to the National Institutes engaged in research and

development of irrigated agricultural technology and to project areas of other states where

success stories could be seen. International exposure visits to leading water resource

technology and management centres/countries such as Israel, China etc. where significant

research and development of irrigated agriculture is under way will be organized. These

visits will also focus on the use of PIM in those regions.

Exposure Visits for Farmers

Farmers will have exposure visits to other farms and to relevant Agricultural

Research Centres. These exposure visits will be planned by the PPP and MAO taking into

account the requests of the farmers and information regarding success stories from agencies

such as MANAGE and SAMETI. The project plans take 600 farmers and 80 staff on

exposure visits.

16

General guidelines for organizing exposure visits are given in Annexure 3.

Information Technology Enabled Agriculture

To further strengthen the training activities, internet facilities will be provided to all

Farmer Information and Advisory Centres (Mandal level). These facilities will provide real

time information (productivity technology, weather and market data) as well as other

computer based expert systems (pest, nutrient management etc.). Farmers and Department

staff will be trained in the operation of these facilities and PPPs and MAO and other allied

officers will actively promote these facilities.

3.1.3 Capacity Building of ATMA

ATMA is the bottom-up farmer-driven system of extension. It was first set up under

National Agricultural Technology Project (NATP) in Prakasham district and under the

second phase Krishna (2005) was covered. Subsequently the remaining districts have

adopted the ATMA approach. ATMA is being promoted by the Government of India

through the “Support to State Extension programs for Extension Reforms”. This

component seeks to build upon the ATMA experience to improve the linkages among

farmer-extension-research-marketing system.

The five ATMAs already established in the Project districts are involved in: a)

planning, validation and dissemination of location specific, systems-based technologies; b)

dissemination of other relevant information for enhancing farm income and livelihoods; c)

provision of expanded farmers training and d) improvement of in-service training and

technical support to extension field staff. The activities of ATMAs are dovetailed and

integrated with the Project components to realize the desired Project outcome. It is

proposed to strengthen ATMAs under the IAID component.

At the district level the ATMA is managed by the Joint Director for Agriculture,

who is also Project Director for ATMA. The PD will oversee the implementation of IAID

activities and report to the NSS Cell at the Agriculture Commissionerate on

implementation progress.

To facilitate project implementation an Agricultural Specialist will be placed in

each of the five districts. The Agriculture Specialist will act as a technical advisor to PD

ATMA for the IAID component. He will be the focal point at the District level and will

provide the link between the WUO, PPPs, Project Cell, members of the various allied

departments and other stakeholders (Universities, KVKs, NGOs, etc). His responsibilities

will include the provision of input from all allied departments into the preparation of

annual action plans for project interventions. He/she will also implement and monitor the

interventions proposed in the Action Plan and taken up in the district. He/she will be

guiding and supervising the work of PPPs. He/she will suggest formats for planning and

organizing the demonstrations, and review actual field plans proposed by PPPs for field

days, demonstrations, exposure visits, on farm training programmes, farmers field schools,

Polumbadi etc. He/she will keep records of project activities and submit quarterly reports

on the physical and financial achievements of the project for the district to the Project Cell.

Each Agricultural Specialist will be supplied with a copy of this Project Implementation

Plan, the PAD and the SREP for the district in which he/she will work, and will make these

available to the Project program promoters as required. A full description of the

Agricultural Specialist position is given in Annexure 7.

17

To further facilitate project activities of the project at the WUA and village level,

one Project Program Promoter (PPP) will be placed in each of the 130 Mandals. The PPPs

will be graduates or post graduates in Agriculture or related discipline. They will be hired

on contractual basis to the Department of Agriculture. PPPs will attend training before they

commence work at the field level. They shall conduct activities exclusively for the

implementation of the IAID project components. Technical assistance will be given by the

MAOs, ADAs and ATMA Project Director where necessary, ATMA who will supervise

and monitor the functioning of PPPs. The job description for the PPP is attached in

Annexure-5.

3.1.4 Strengthening of FTCs/SAMETI

The FTCs are equipped with the basic training material and other electronic

gadgets used for training purposes. The staff working in the FTCs is required to use the

latest training equipment as latest as possible so that the technology dissemination will be

up to date and effective. Most of the equipment is very old and obsolete as per present day

standards and needs replacement. Hence it is proposed to strengthen all the five FTCs

existing in the project area with the required latest electronic gadgets and other

sophisticated teaching aids for using in the conducting of training programmes to the

farmers and other lower level staff. This will include slide projectors, audio visual

equipments, LCD etc and also for the preparation of need based literature required in local

language for distribution to the trainees.

The Project Directors, ATMA of the five districts in consultation with the

Deputy Directors of Agriculture (FTC) will finalise the equipment and other materials

required. Similarly the state level SAMETI which is responsible for human resource

development of DOA needs infrastructure strengthening and updating of their equipment

and hence funds are included. This would directly address the training needs identified for

the farmers and the field staff in the project districts.

3.1.5 Strengthening of Laboratories:

In order to maintain the quality of inputs and ensure its supply to the farmers, it is

necessary to have quality control machinery to check and test the inputs as frequently as

possible at different points of production and supply. To enable testing of these inputs, the

establishment of laboratories with the latest and sophisticated machinery, equipment,

glassware and chemicals and adoption of the latest technology to process and provide the

result to the farmer as quickly as possible are essential. Since the existing Input Testing

Laboratories were old to serve the farmers with accurate results given in time, they need to

be strengthened with the required latest equipment. As such, it is planned to strengthen the

input testing laboratories existing in the NSP area and State Headquarters. This would

include provision of Gas Liquid Chromatograph, High Performance Liquid

Chromatography, U.V.Visible Spectrophotometer besides the common equipment. The

persons handling these equipments also would be trained adequately. Actual requirement

for each lab will be further critically analysed and distributed accordingly. The

effectiveness of this provision will also be assessed by Monitoring and Evaluation process.

3.1.6 Distribution of Instant Soil Testing Kits:

One of the recommendations made under Integrated Nutrient Management

Programme (INM) is the application of fertilizers as per soil test recommendations. The

18

farmers normally apply chemical fertilizers as per blanket recommendations or apply

indiscriminately.

Though the soil samples are drawn regularly and tested for its nutrient status, the

results with the recommendations are not reaching the farmers on time. This type of

contingency can be overcome by getting the soil tested instantaneously in the fields of

farmer itself by means of soil testing kit. Hence, it is proposed to provide soil testing kits to

the farmer groups like Polambadi, WUAs, etc., by identifying them which are functioning

properly. These kits can be used by the farmer groups to test the soils of the farmers in

their area instantaneously and provide the results with suitable recommendations. Thus

farmer can apply fertilizer as per recommendation and reduce the cost of cultivation. The

methodology and procedure to be adopted for testing the soil samples using kits can be

taught to one or two educated members of the group in the regular or specialized training

programmes contemplated under the scheme. The contingencies if any required to meet for

the maintenance of the kit will however be borne from the corpus fund of the group.

3.2 Horticulture

The Horticulture activities aim to promote diversification and cropping intensity,

and improve the water use efficiency, production, productivity and profitability of

horticultural crops with the main focus on vegetables in the NSS command.

In the State of Andhra Pradesh, horticulture is a significant contributor to the

economy for its encompassing benefits not only in the agriculture sector per se but for its

wider applications and benefits in improving the rural livelihoods through improved

nutrition, sustainable farming, employment generation, etc. Horticulture is considered a

vital component in the NSS IAID. Horticulture crops covering wide variety of fruits,

vegetables, spices, medicinal and aromatic plants, floriculture, mushrooms, plantation

crops and oil palm provide means for diversification of land use for improving

productivity, financial returns, nutritional security, increasing employment opportunities,

and provides raw materials for processing industries.

The major horticultural crops grown in the command of the NSS are sweet oranges,

mango, chilly, turmeric and vegetables. The total area of horticultural crops in the five

project districts is 194,446 ha (Table 3).

Table 3: Area (ha) of horticultural crops in the project districts.

District Sweet

Orange

Mango Chillies Turmeric Vegetables Others Total

Nalgonda 12286 5073 0 0 394 4624 22377

Khammam 491 22326 5970 333 1237 843 31200

Krishna 42 61319 11952 278 2512 7347 83450

Guntur 1262 592 30637 692 246 2205 35634

Prakasham 3899 372 9754 0 5188 2572 21785

Total 17980 89682 58313 1303 9577 17591 194446

19

Overall the demand for fruits and vegetables in AP is growing, between 1996 and

2002, the consumption of dry fruits, fresh fruits and vegetables recorded a compound

annual growth rate of 19 percent, 12 percent and 11 percent respectively, as against 6

percent observed in respect of edible oils, pulses, milk and milk products and 7 percent in

respect of cereals (AP state focus paper, NABARD). The Government of Andhra Pradesh

has been emphasizing horticulture development and a number of programs have been

implemented resulting in the generation of higher incomes in the rural areas, improving the

quality of life in villages and creates gainful employment opportunities on a self sustaining

basis.

However a number of areas still remain to be addressed and have considerable

scope for improvement. Of concern are the areas such as pest management, on-farm water

management, possibility of introducing horticultural crops in crop diversification and use

of residual moisture for growing low water requiring horticultural crops. Current practices

are not always effective in controlling the pests and are leaving produce contaminated

reducing export potential. Current irrigation practices are not up to best practices. Under,

over and poor timing of irrigations are having negative impacts on crop yields. The

proposed activities will:

• Promote the efficient utilization of water for horticulture crops (vegetables. chillies,

turmeric),

• Improve the productivity and quality of horticultural crops; focus on adoption of

modern technologies such as hybrid seeds, micro irrigation systems, growing of

seedling in shade net houses and improvement of knowledge levels of farmers in

latest production technologies

• Promote the use of ICM, IPM, INM and best post harvest practices, quality

improvement by Integrated Pest Management and Integrated Nutritional

Management, emphasis on post-production for value addition to the chilly and

turmeric by demonstration of drying and grading yards and Silpauline sheets;

• Promote the use of sprinkler and drip irrigation systems;

• Encourage and facilitate formation of crop specific growers associations;

• Emphasis on knowledge inputs including training programs and exposure visits,

and;

• Promote the benefits of producing high quality production so that national and

international markets chains can be further developed.

3.2.1 Production Technology Improvement Demonstrations

This project aims to provide relevant demonstrations that will guide the farmer

using an integrated crop management approach. Demonstrations will be accompanied by

one field day per year per site organised at a time to show the maximum impact, this will

usually occur just before the harvest period. Village level training will also make use of the

demonstrations. Trainings will have a “field” session where farmers visit the demonstration

sites. Demonstrations will be site specific and information will be collected to ensure that

they reflect the needs of the different social status in the community, for example the

demonstrations for large farmers may be completely different for small and marginal

20

farmers, depending on labour/machinery requirements etc. Each demonstration plot will

also have a small control area that represents the “farmers practice” situation for

comparative purposes. Site selection for demonstrations will be the same as described

under agriculture activities.

The horticulture demonstrations will be mainly demand-led and will be carried out

only in those areas where there is market demand for these crops. The main focus will be

on vegetable crops near the big cities so that the existing markets can be tapped or where

linkages can be developed with the emerging supply chains of big retailers. The vegetable

demonstrations will follow Integrated Crop Management principles. Demonstrations will

not be restricted to the mere supply of inputs. No demonstration shall be conducted in

isolation.

In any on-farm demonstration, all other factors are to be kept constant except one or

two variables. For example, in an IPNM demonstration, all other factors like seed, water

management, soil and cropping conditions, IPM are the constants and the application of

fertilizers, i.e. rate, type and time of application of fertilizers become variable.

Demonstrations in WUAs, RMGs and Adarsha Rythu farm holdings will be organized to

demonstrate the profitability of proven technologies for the cropping cycle. The package of

practices will be location specific and derived from the District SREP. Financial support

under the project for organizing demonstrations will be provided towards providing critical

inputs related to the demonstration, such as seed treatment chemicals, micro nutrients,

improved seed, biological control agents, biological fertilizers, etc. Demonstrations will be

conducted in farmers’ fields with the participation of the associated WUA and facilitation

of the PPP and local horticultural extension staff as required. The PPP will contact all

relevant institutions such as KVKs, research organisations, private companies and NGOs

for input as required.

Demonstrations plot shall normally be not more than 1 hectare in size and will

include a small area as a control showing farmer practice. The actual size is flexible and

will depend upon nature of the demonstration, land available and other relevant factors.

The farmer and DOH staff will liaise well before the cropping season to ensure that all

preparations are made and all inputs are supplied well in advance of the optimum time of

planting the crop. For detailed guidelines for organising demonstrations see Annexure-1.

Integrated Vegetable Crop Management Demonstrations: These demonstrations will

cover the complete package of practices (including optimum time and method of irrigation)

from land preparation to harvesting, and post harvest handling and marketing of produce in

a farming system mode rather than covering only one or two recommendations for a given

crop. These demonstrations will stress the critical importance of timeliness of operations

for obtaining optimal productivity. These will also cover, wherever possible, improved

practices for sustainable management of land and water, mulching and other resource

conservation technologies, etc.

Financial support for organizing demonstrations will be provided for supply of

inputs (seed treatment chemicals, fertilizers, micronutrients, improved seed, bio control

agents, bio fertilizers and other off farm inputs). Labour, land preparation and carrying out

all crop husbandry practices/operations will be the responsibility of the farmer.

Demonstrations will be conducted in chillies, turmeric and other vegetables as

identified in the district plans. Wherever possible, these demonstrations will be integrated

with the use of Integrated Pest Management and Nutrient Management practices so as to

21

improve the quality of produce. For details refer to the earlier section on Agriculture.

However, special attention will be given to two major pest problems in the NSS command,

leaf curl in chillies and fruit borer. Specific demonstrations will be developed to show

alternative control techniques of these pests.IPM demonstration will be area based not in

isolation.

Improved Vegetable Seedling Production Demonstrations: High quality vegetable

seedlings have long been identified as a key production technique that can improve the

profitability of farmers by allowing them to capture early/late markets and improving the

cultural practices at the field level. Seedlings are raised in a shade house to produce high

quality pest and disease free seedlings. Seeds are placed in seedling trays with sterilized

media. This technique reduces the amount of high cost hybrid seed required due to lower

mortality rates of transplanted seedlings. Demonstrations will be conducted in 61 WUA,

each covering 0.2 ha and capable of producing seedlings for 5 acres. Beneficiaries for these

demonstrations will be selected using the projects social guidelines. These demonstrations

will give preference to women SHGs and SC/ST small and marginal farmers, who will

become demonstration partners. It is expected that these partners will contribute 25% of the

establishment costs and will be responsible for the operation and maintenance costs of the

facility. The Department of Horticulture will develop business models in conjunction with

the SHG (or other partners) for these facilities to ensure their long term survival. The

model will include linkages to the specialized input suppliers required for the continued

success of this activity, such as hybrid seeds, trays, and the necessary training is imparted

on the production of sterilized media.

Improved Post Harvest Technology Demonstrations - Vegetable Drying Technology:

Currently chillies and turmeric are dried on the bare Kutcha floor. This leads to

considerable contamination of soil and other pollutants. The use of simple technology,

silpauline sheets placed on the ground can significantly reduce this problem. This

technology also allows for a more uniform drying resulting in a higher quality product.

This intervention is targeted at the SC/ST small and marginal female farmers that are

organised into SHGs and active members of WUAs. A total of 2500 demonstrations will be

conducted.

On a pilot demonstration basis drying and grading yards will be constructed in

partnership with WUAs, SHGs or other farmer organisations. These drying yards will be

connected with private enterprise and markets to ensure farmers receive the full benefit of

the higher quality product. The partner organisation will be responsible for the operation

and maintenance of the facility. Beneficiaries for these demonstrations will be selected

using the projects social guidelines. These demonstrations will give preference to women

SHGs and SC/ST small and marginal farmers. It is expected that these partners will

contribute 25% of the establishment costs and will be responsible for the operation and

maintenance costs of the facility. The Department of Horticulture will develop business

models in conjunction with the SHG (or other partner) for these facilities to ensure their

long term survival. This will include linkages with the agency that provides inputs required

for this activity, and the necessary training to operate this business. Similarly innovative

initiatives as pilots based on indigenous knowledge of the practicing farmers of

horticultural crops that emerge while implementing this sub component in the project

districts will also be tested.

22

Field Days

Field days will be organized by Polumbadi with facilitation from the PPP and

Horticulture Extension Officer (HEO). The Field Day will correspond with the time when

the greatest impact of the demonstration is visible which will normally be towards the end

of the growing season and should occur before the harvest take place. Tentative dates for

field days will be set during demonstration planning and confirmed one month prior. PPP

and departmental extension staff will use the standard methods to promote these field days.

The field days will involve the members of the Polumbadi. Farmers (20-30) of

neighbouring fields will be invited to visit the demonstration plots, and observe the

difference in comparison to a control plot. Line Department and project staff will provide

the necessary background to the farmers with regard to the technology and expected

performance. This may be delivered in the form of lectures and printed material. Detailed

information will be distributed to farmers on technology and the sources of inputs and

expected market for products and harvest/post harvest management.

3.2.2 Training of Farmers

The focus of trainings will be Integrated Crop Management which encompasses

water management, IPM, IPNM, and other crop production and post-harvest management

technologies for the selected vegetable and fruit crops. These trainings will be organized by

the Department of Horticulture.

As far as possible trainings will be focused on and organised through the WUAs.

Trainings will be conducted to the staff working at different levels of the Department and

also to the members of farmers’ organizations and farm women to achieve the desired

project objectives. The trainings will follow the themes of the demonstrations and include

but not limited to the following topics, ICM, IPM, IPNM conservation agriculture and post

harvest handling for chillies, turmeric, vegetables, mango and sweet oranges. The

guidelines for organizing trainings are given in Annexure- 2.

Exposure visits: It is proposed to organize exposure visits for officers and farmers

to show latest development in horticulture activities in India. Exposure visits will be

conducted for both staff and progressive farmers. During the exposure visit one person will

be nominated to take notes and photographs. Upon return the nominated person will

prepare a “trip report” that can be used in the local media. In the case of staff exposure

visits each of the participants will conduct a debriefing seminar to his/her colleagues and

subordinates explaining the lessons learned and how they may be extended into the wider

community. For farmer exposure visits the nominated person will be the DOH staff or PPP.

Similarly the nominated person will prepare a report on the trip for use in the local media.

Farmer participants will be encouraged to disseminate findings to other members of their

WUAs and local communities and spread the trip report.

Unit Cost for Horticulture Demonstrations:

Sl.No. Component Quantity Unit Rate in

Rs.

Total in Rs.

1 Seed Cost 2600

2 Preparatory Cultivation 1000

3 Nursery Raising 200

4 Tricoderma virdi 3 125 375

5 Psudomonas 3 125 375

23

6 Neem Cake 98 8 784

7 Vermi Compost 100 4 400

8 Micro Nutrients 2 117 234

9 Neem Oil 2 168 336

10 Azatobactor 3 244 732

11 Bavaria 1 600 600

12 Vertisilium 1 500 500

13 PSB 2 100 200

14 Seed for Green Manure

Crop/Trap Crop

500

15 Inter Cultivation 600

16 Field Day 9000

17 Display Board 2000

18 Miscellaneous 1500

Total 21936

Unit Cost for Shade-net House for raising seedlings

3.2.3 Implementation Arrangements

Organization Structure for Planning, Coordination and Oversight: The District

is headed by Asstt. Director of Horticulture to monitor and implementation of all the

horticulture programs and he will be assisted with 8-10 Horticulture Officers and each

Horticulture Officer is to be looked after 6-10 Mandals and he will be assisted with field

consultants in SHM districts and each field consultant allotted to one or two Mandals

(which are potential for horticulture). Recently the department is revamped with APMIP

and SHM. The service of APMIP MAO’s will also be utilized for implementation of

horticulture programs with Micro Irrigation. The Resource Centers are already started in

each Horticulture Officer headquarters and needy potential Mandals.

Asst. Director of Horticulture at Dist. Level.

Sl.No Component Unit Quantity Unit Cost in Rs. Amount in Rs.

1 Poles No. 55 150 8250

2 Shadenet Sq.m 1300 14 18200

3 Poly Sheet Kg 25 135 3375

4 Poly Sheet for Coverage Kg 50 110 5500

5 Plastic Pipe No. 15 10 150

6 GI Wire Kg 200 60 12000

7 Installation Charges LS 3500

8 Thread Kg 7.5 90 675

9 Pro Trays No. 2250 27.04 6840

10 Pot Mixture Kg 2700 2.75 7425

11 Pipe for Irrigation LS 2085

12 Water Tank LS 8000

Total 1,30,000

24

Horticulture Officers at Resource Centre Level.

Field Consultants / Sub-Assistants / MIP MAO’s.

The proposed scheme of modernization of Nagarjuna Sagar Project under

Agriculture Support Services will also be taken up by above staff in the concerned

proposed districts.

Nodal Unit: Nodal Unit in the Commissionerate of Horticulture headed by Joint Director

of Horticulture will be responsible for preparation of consolidated plans, monitoring and

implementation in coordination with PPMU-APWSIP and evaluation of the program. Their

roles include; preparation of district action plan in consultation with WUA and submitting

to general body of ATMA for approval, timely selection of crop clusters and

documentation in consultation with ATMA, training on ICM activities to farmers and field

level functionaries, placing of indents to concerned agencies for timely supply to farmers,

encouraging the farmers community to form crop specific associations, collection of

required data frequently, identification of exporters and tie-up of produces with exporters.

Periodical Monitoring and Evaluation should capture, crop yield, diversification, cropping

intensity, farm income, outcome of shade nets supplied and post-harvest interventions

included.

3.3 Livestock Development

3.3.1 Background

Livestock plays an important role in the Nagarjunasagar command area in

supporting the livelihood systems of rural families. It is estimated that there are 24.79 lakh

bovines and 19.03 lakh bovines in the project area. Buffaloes constitute 82% of the bovine

population indicating the importance given to dairy farming and 5.4 lakh bovines are high

yielders, amounting to 22% of its population. More than 60 percent of the dairy bovines are

owned by small, marginal farmers and landless labourers in the command area. High

productive animals are mostly in the command area and the low productive animals are in

tail ends and uplands. Sheep are predominant in upland villages of the mandals in the

project area. In addition, goats and village poultry contribute a lot to the rural economy.

The distribution of livestock in the NSS command area is listed in Table 4.

Table 4: Livestock numbers (lakh) in the project districts

District Mandals Cattle Buffalo Sheep Goat

Guntur 36 0.73 5.90 5.69 1.80

Khammam 16 1.35 3.29 2.35 1.92

Krishna 23 0.68 4.55 2.84 1.36

Nalgonda 16 1.36 2.20 3.66 2.04

Prakasam 25 0.41 4.32 4.49 1.45

Total 116 4.53 20.26 19.03 8.57

25

3.3.2 Contributions of Livestock Sector

Livestock can utilise crop residues, broken grains and by-products of commercial crops

(eg. oil cakes, cotton seed cakes, bagasse and molasses from sugar factories) into nutritious

milk, meat and also precious manure. Bullocks and dry cows are used to till the land and to

carry agriculture produce to market and storage places. Livestock wealth is considered as

‘Mobile Rural Banks’ which means that they not only provides daily income but also can

be sold as an when farmer is in need of money to meet essential needs (healthcare, social

functions, education, seed & fertilizer etc.). The income generated from dairying &

backyard poultry etc. will be handled by women and it will be used more judiciously than

male members of the family.

3.3.3 Services of the Animal Husbandry Department in the NSS command area

The Animal Husbandry Department (AHD) with its extensive network of institutions (at

village Mandal and district level) offer preventive and curative health care services, disaster

management and other need based services. Current presence of the AHD in the NSS

command consists of 537 Veterinary Institutions for an average of approximately 4.6 per

Mandal. In addition to this, the Gopalamitra centers are located in uncovered areas to

provide first aid and artificial insemination facilities by the Andhra Pradesh Livestock

Development Agency. Thus, there is adequate institutional coverage for providing health

care and productivity enhancement facilities. However, these institutions are not having

adequate infrastructural facilities to provide effective service delivery to the farmers who

avail their services.

Sl.

No

.

District Vety

Hospitals

Vety

Dispensaries

Rural

Livestock

Units

Total

Veterinary

Institutions

1 Guntur 10 49 83 142

2 Khammam 02 34 72 108

3 Krishna 6 28 59 93

4 Nalgonda 6 33 60 99

5 Prakasam 1 42 52 95

TOTAL 25 186 326 537

3.3.4.1 Interventions needed to improve animal health services NSS command area

The officials of the Department of Animal Husbandry have interacted with the

farmers in the project areas and identified the problems/gaps in realizing the expected

output from the Livestock Sector.

(i) Reproductive problems in buffaloes

(ii) Early age calf mortality in buffaloes

(iii) Inadequacy of green fodder

26

(iv) Inbreeding in sheep

(v) Recurrent worm infestation

(vi) Improper vaccination to backyard poultry

(vii) Inadequate extension

3.3.4.2 Action plan proposed to improve animal and back yard poultry health services

in NSS command under APWSIP

In order to address these issues and to provide sustainable income to the farmers,

the following interventions are proposed:

(i) Enhancement of bovine fertility

(ii) Campaign to save calves

(iii) Augmenting fodder availability

(iv) Supply of breeding rams

(v) Disease diagnosis and control in bovines, sheep, goat and back yard poultry.

(vi) Training

3.3.5 Cost Estimates

The estimated cost of livestock development activities is Rs. 183.39 millions under the

following categories:

S.No. INTERVENTION BUDGET (Rs.

1 Project Management 22.82

2 Nutritional Development 32.25

3 Fertility Management 50.25

4 Health 44.13

5 Training 13.52

6 Andhra Pradesh Livestock Development Agency 20.42

TOTAL 183.39

3.3.6 Implementation Arrangements

The Director of Animal Husbandry with the assistance of Additional Director

(Production) and State Nodal Unit (SMILDA) shall monitor the overall implementation

of the programme through the guidance and support of PPMU. The concerned Joint

Director (AH) shall supervise the activities in project areas with the support of District

Nodal Unit (Vety. Polyclinics). The progress of implementation will be submitted to the

Commissioner, Agriculture and the Project Director, PPMU( Annexure 4). The following

organogram will explain the overall programme monitoring. The actions proposed are only

indicative .Based on the identified needs through MANAGE/ATMA District Water

Management and Agriculture Development Plans will be prepared. These plans will be

considered for implementation of this sub- component.

27

3.3.7 AUGMENTING FODDER AVAILABILITY

3.3.7.1The objectives are: a) to enhance the production of fodder; b)to minimize the

wastage of feed and fodders; c) to support the nutritional requirements of the livestock;. d)

to create awareness of farmers on perennial fodders and e) to enhance the livelihoods of

the farmers especially women SHGs.

3.3.7.2 Approach and description of the intervention

The area under fodder cultivation is around 2 to 3% against the recommendation of

NCA of 10%. Besides, the recurrent drought conditions are adversely affecting the

availability of fodder to livestock. The perennial fodder production will be taken up with 25

% farmer’s contribution in order to have sustained effect during the entire project period.

In order to balance the contrasting situation, there is a need to avoid the wastage of

fodder. This is possible through utilization of chaff cutters. This can also be taken up as

livelihood generation programme for Women WUA/SHGs/Dairy societies or any other

groups in the project area with the 50% contribution from WUA/ Dairy societies/ SHGs.

To promote the perennial fodder production, we need to supply sufficient fodder

slips but the fodder slips available in the project area is not enough to meet the requirement

for the proposed area for fodder development. Hence, it is proposed to develop fodder

multiplication units in each mandal in order to supply the fodder slips to the farmers. In

addition the fodder multiplication units will be utilized as demonstration units for farmers’

exposure visits and training.

3.3.7.3 Costs (Rs. in million)

Year wise budget Total

Sl.

No

Name of the component Phy

sical

Unit

cost

1st 2

nd 3

rd 4

th 5

th 6

th

PPMU

STATE NODAL UNIT (SMILDA)

DNU (VPC) DNU (VPC) DNU (VPC)

Supporting Staff

DNU (VPC) DNU (VPC)

Supporting Staff

* DNU - District Nodal Unit

* VPC – Vety. Poly Clinic

28

1

Power operated chaff cutters to

WUA/Dairy societies/SHGs to

prevent wastage of fodder.

150 0.015 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 2.25

2

Fodder demonstration plots

(Perennial fodder development

to facilitate more fodder

availability @ Rs. 5000 per

acre)

6000 0.005 0.00 5.0 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.00 30.00

TOTAL 32.25

3.3.8 FERTILITY MANAGEMENT

3.3.8.1 Objectives of this intervention are:

a) To reduce losses due to infertility among adult she buffaloes through

fertility/health camps; b) to improve the productivity levels of milch animals; c) to improve

the income levels of the farmers by encouraging dairying; d) to educate the farmers on the

ill effects of inbreeding in sheep; e) to reduce the lamb mortality and to increase the growth

rates in lambs; and f) to improve the productivity of sheep and to improve the income

levels of the sheep growers.

3.3.8.2 Approach and description of the intervention

The buffalo population is predominant in the ayacut areas. They are mostly seasonal

breeders, their productivity lasts between August and April mostly. There is no production

without reproduction. Hence, fertility management needs utmost attention. In order to

manage the fertility among buffaloes the following issues are to be addressed:

• Strengthening breeding related diagnostic facilities at district

• Conducting fertility/health camps

3.3.8.3 Fertility/Health camps

In ayacut areas, major fertility problems like repeat breeding, anoestrum etc., are due to

mineral deficiency or low energy levels which are to be properly diagnosed for providing

remedial treatment. And also we may need to have advanced facilities for accurate

diagnosis of various reproductive diseases, analysis of mineral profile, improving

conception rates and certain physiological conditions like ovarian activity etc. Hence it is

proposed to strengthen and create a mobile diagnostic laboratory with required equipment

to address reproductive problems on the spot in fertility camps and also to improve the

quality of fertility camps.

Fertility camps have to be organized with the support of mobile diagnostic laboratory to

phase out the breeding cycle such that the farmer will have income round the year. It is

proposed to conduct at least 6-7 health camps in a mandal every year, totalling to

approximately 800 camps by both Department of Animal Husbandry and AP Live stock

Development Agency. Extension and publicity plays a major role in organizing

fertility/health camps in addition to treating the animals in the camps. This is to bring

awareness among farmers through electronic media/audio-visual material to effectively

communicate the message on various fertility and other health management aspects. To

29

support the camps certain extension materials with the required electronic equipment are

necessary.

3.3.8.4 Sheep breed improvement programme

Illiteracy is very high among sheep growing communities and sheep are generally reared in

traditional and nomadic manner. Almost all Sheep rearers are small and marginal farmers

having less than 50 sheep. Due to following the age old management methods still they

have the habit of selecting breeding ram from their own flocks and using it for breeding

purpose for years together. This is resulting inbreeding. Such inbreeding generally reduces

the disease resistance and growth rate of lambs and also leads to the lamb mortality. This

finally leads to reduced income. In order to curb the inbreeding, the sheep growers have to

be educated on the ill effects of inbreeding besides providing breeding rams

In addition, it is proposed to supply 5000 breeding rams on 50 % subsidy in two

instalments with a gap of two years. In order to supply these 5000 breeding rams on 50 %

subsidy, an amount of Rs.100 lakhs is required. The introduction of breeding ram with

good germplasm will not only save the all lambs born but also definitely enhance the

productivity of the sheep through increased body weights per sheep. So that the income

levels of the shepherds will automatically be improved. Since there is 50 % farmers’

contribution in this programme, the responsibility will be on farmers’ side in reaping the

results from this programme.

The criterion for selecting a beneficiary in this programme for providing a breeding

ram is as follows:

• The farmer should have minimum of 20-30 sheep

• The farmer must be from the category of small/marginal farmers.

• The farmer must remove the existing ram to provide new ram

• The farmer must be in a position to contribute 50% of the cost

3.3.8.5 Costs (Rs. In millions)

Sl.

No

Name of the component Physical Unit

Cost

Financial

1 Fertility Camps @ Rs.5000 per fertility/health camp for

6 years

800

camps 24.00

2 Equipment to enhance the quality of the fertility camps 1 2.65

i. Vehicle furnished with facilities 1 0.80

ii. Ultrasound Scanner with Thermal Paper Printer with

probes ranging from 2.5 mhz to 10.0 mhz along with

rectal probe for large animals

1 1.00

iii. Auto Haematological Analyser 1 0.30

iv. Auto Biochemical Analyser 1 0.20

13.25

30

v. Phase contrast Microscope with colour cc TV

attachment along with all accessories 1 0.35

3 Extension material to enhance the quality of

fertility/health camps 10 0.3 3.00

4 Sheep breed improvement 5000 0.002 10.00

Total 50.25

3.3.8.6 Gopalamitra Artificial Insemination Centres

This component seeks to expand the Artificial Insemination programme conducted by

Andhra Pradesh Livestock Development Agency (APLDA) for providing breeding services

to the breedable bovine population under the “National Project for Cattle and Buffalo

Breeding (NPCBB).” Presently, 4948 AH Departmental AI (Artificial Insemination)

centres, 1887 Gopalamitra Artificial Insemination (AI) Centres and 792 Private AI Centres

are functioning in the state and these centres are providing AI services to 49% of the

breedable population.

In the five districts of NSS area, 68.65 lakhs of cattle are present, out of which only

30.22% are of high milk yielding. At present, the AI services are provided to the breedable

cows and buffaloes in Krishna, Guntur, Prakasam, Khammam and Nalgonda districts

through 1343 departmental AI centres and 523 Gopalamitra AI centres. In addition, 324

breeding bulls are stationed in remote villages for providing natural breeding service.

3.3.8.7 Breeding services in project area:

Likewise, the coverage of breedable bovines, provision of A.I. services in designated 124

Mandals in NSP ayacut area is shown below.

Sl.

No

Name of

the District

No. of

mand

als

Breedable

Populatio

n

Existing AI Centers

Deptl. Gopal

mitras

Oth

ers

Tot

al

Breadable

Animals

inseminat

ed

Breedable

Animals

to be

covered

at 70%

reach 1 Krishna 27 271725 142 77 35 254 111029 86676

2 Guntur 36 369330 145 68 15 228 146342 125426

3 Prakasam 25 333013 103 67 27 197 161657 63584

4 Khammam 16 281126 122 41 18 181 137103 52621

5 Nalgonda 18 212299 85 30 115 92874 57509

TOTAL 122 1467493 597 283 95 975 649005 385816

There are 523 Gopalamitras A.I. Centers established in all above five districts and 283

Gopalamitra A.I. Centers during period of last eight years have been producing the

following results on yearly basis.

31

Gopalamitras performance in five districts:

Name of the

District

Gopalamitra AI

Centers

Animals

Inseminated

HY Calves

produced

Krishna 100 52619 16623

Guntur 98 46783 11391

Prakasam 93 63240 13541

Khammam 68 15956 3608

Nalgonda 65 25279 8629

TOTAL 424 203877 53792

3.3.8.8 Action plan proposed to provide breeding services to all villages:

In order to provide the AI facility to all the breedable bovines in specified 124 mandals and

to enhance the high yielding progeny, there is a need to expand the AI activity by

establishing 282 Gopalamitra AI Centers. Besides, 27 breeding bulls are required for

deployment in remote / interior villages to provide natural breeding services as shown

below.

A.I Centers / Breeding bulls

required Sl.

No.

Name of the

District

Breedable

Population

left over Gopalamitra

AI Centers

Breeding

Bulls 1 Krishna 86676 63 -

2 Guntur 125426 100 6

3 Prakasam 63584 39 2

4 Khammam 52621 37 19

5 Nalgonda 57609 43 -

TOTAL 385916 282 27

With the proposed expansion of breeding services through establishment of 282

Gopalamitra A.I. Centers and 27 breeding bulls, around 4.0 lakh breedable bovines will be

inseminated resulting in production of at least 1.25 lakh high yielding progeny calves.

Keeping in view, the male female ratios and mortality, around 50,000 female calves will be

available to become milch animals in 2½ – 3½ year period. Additional 2.5 lakh litres milk

per day will be produced in these villages. There will be increased production 4 – 6 litres

of milk at each farm household level.

3.3.8.9 Establishment of new Gopalamitra A.I. Centers :

Establishment of Gopalamitra A.I. Centers includes selection and training of unemployed

educated candidates from rural areas. The training will be provided for four months and

32

the required tool kit for AI will be provided to them. Stipend will be given during the

training period and thereafter an amount of Rs.1200 per month will be given them as

sustenance allowance after commencing doorstep AI programme. In addition, performance

linked incentives are proposed to enhance Gopalamitra Centers output.

3.3.8.10 Breeding Bulls for Natural Service:

27 bulls are proposed to be deployed in remote/interior villages to provide natural breeding

service to the cattle.

3.3.8.11 Production/Procurement of Frozen Semen additional inputs :

To provide A.I. facility to the left over 4.00 lakh breedable bovines in 124 Mandals, 4.00

lakh doses semen need to be produced additionally. In addition, logistics need to be

provided for production of 4.00 lakh frozen semen straws for distribution to 124 Mandals

through cold chain. Cold chain consists of liquid nitrogen (LN), storage tankers and

transport containers.

3.3.8.12 Organization of Farmers’ Trainings:

In order to continuously bring awareness among the farmers and to enhance the

fertility of the bovines, farmers’ trainings need to be organized in every village. Services

of specialist Veterinarian need to be provided for the purpose. Audio visual aids, printed

material, conveyance etc. are needed to organize effectively. Every habitation will be

covered at least twice in a year.

ABSTRACT

33

3.3.9 HEALTH

3.3.9.1 Objectives are: (a) To protect and conserve the good germplasm by saving calves;

(b) To improve superior buffalo population; (c) To enhance awareness of the farmers on

calf rearing; (d) To improve the livestock service delivery system; (e) To enhance the

livelihoods of the rural farmers; (f) To control and contain diseases among the livestock;

and (g) To enhance the livelihoods of the poor goat farmers.

3.3.9.2 Approach and description of the intervention

(i). Campaign to save Calves

Though good numbers of calves of superior germplasm through various breed development

programmes like Artificial Insemination are being produced, they are not reaching the

productive age due to early age mortality of calves. In buffaloes, about 25 % of calves are

lost at very young age due to lack of awareness on management of young calves by the

farmers. Thus, valuable germplasm is lost due to neonatal mortality. It is resulting in

reduction of replacement stock in cows and buffalos. The main causes of neonatal in

buffaloes calves are worm and bacterial infestation and faulty feeding. Hence, it is

proposed to take up awareness programmes on these aspects, besides taking up of

deworming of young calves in a campaign mode for one year. Scientifically four times

deworming to each calf is essential. The cost of each deworming comes to Rs. 3/- per calf

and per deworming. A minimum of two dewormings at the age of 7 days and 30 days is

required in the early age of calves.

Statement showing the population of calves below one year during 2007

Financial Sl.

No.

Component / Activity Physical

Unit Cost

Rs.

Amount(Rs.

Millions) 1 Establishment of Gopalamitra A.I. Centers

a Training of Gopalamitras 300 10000 3.000

b Artificial Insemination Equipment to

Gopalamitras 282 15000 4.230

c Sustenance Allowance to Gopalamitra

@ Rs. 1200/- per month 282 14400 4.061

2 Deployment of Breeding Bulls for

Natural Service

27 25000 0.675

3 Frozen Semen Production & Cold Chain

a Production of Frozen Semen (including

AI Consumables cost) 400000 10 4.000

b Liquid Nitrogen in Litres 60000 6 0.360

c Liquid Nitrogen Storage containers 50 20000 1.000

d Frozen Semen Storage containers 25 28000 0.700

c Farmers Trainings 600 1000 0.600

4 Operational cost 1.800

Total 20.426

34

Sl.

No

.

Dis

tric

t

Bel

ow

1 y

ear

(Ca

ttle

-

C.B

.Ma

le)

Bel

ow

1 y

ear

(Ca

ttle

C.B

.Fem

ale

)

Bel

ow

1 y

ear

(C

att

le -

In

di

Ma

le)

Bel

ow

1 y

ear

(Ca

ttle

In

di

Fem

ale

)

Bel

ow

1 y

ear

(G

M B

uff

Ma

le)

Bel

ow

1 y

ear

(G

M B

uff

Fem

ale

)

Bel

ow

1 y

ear

(N

D B

uff

Ma

le)

Bel

ow

1 y

ear

(N

D B

uff

Fem

ale

)

To

tal

Ca

lves

bel

ow

on

e

yea

r

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

1 Guntur 103 335 2564 3504 14447 28573 27266 69185 145977

2 Khammam 2 18 9470 14564 5894 11401 23996 56172 121517

3 Krishna 124 232 7996 10377 3530 5524 18075 33564 79422

4 Nalgonda 45 78 137 294 1477 4952 2111 5220 14314

5 Prakasam 219 380 3641 5647 19112 43890 17357 44717 134963

Grand Total 493 1043 23808 34386 44460 94340 88805 208858 496193

The above table indicates that around 2.1 lakh female calves are produced every year in

these mandals. The emphasis will be given to protect the AI produced calves. Since the

dairy is the labour intensive programme most of the dairy animals are reared by more than

60 percent of small, marginal farmers and landless labourers to improve their livelihoods

especially under adverse climatic conditions in command area. The livestock holding size

is 2 or 3 animals.

The number of calves importantly AI calves will be identified through the AI Register from

the Veterinary institutions and each calf is given a Calf Card and every calf is registered

and accordingly the calves are dewormed as per the schedule. By this programme the

replacement stock in cows and buffaloes will be substantially increased and the milk

production in the area will automatically be improved.

As stated earlier, there is an adequate network of Veterinary Institutions, but they do not

have adequate infrastructure to provide immediate diagnosis facilities. At present the

diagnostic facilities are available at district head quarters that are not to the required extent.

These facilities may have to be further strengthened. Besides, adequate cold chain facilities

are to be created at mandal institutions to store the required vaccine for immediate

containment and control of diseases.

Most of the villages in the project area do not have the facilities for restraining animals,

which is giving lot of problems to the AHD staff and other para workers for treating the

animals. It is essential to provide trevises (animal restraints) through WUA/Dairy Societies

on 50% subsidy.

(ii). IMPROVING GOAT HEALTH:

The NSS command is having around 8.57 lakhs of Goat population and the Goats are

reared by the poor farmers and landless labour. The goats are prolific breeders and goat

rearing is highly economic without much investment.

35

The goats are relatively resistant to number of diseases when compared to sheep. However

they are prone to certain diseases like Pestides Petits Ruminants (PPR), Goat Pox diseases

and several parasitic diseases. The institute is producing required quantities of PPR vaccine

and protecting the goats against the disease.

(iii). PROTECTION OF VILLAGE POULTRY AGAINST DISEASES

The Andhra Pradesh is having around 125 millions of poultry population which includes

commercial poultry and village poultry. The commercial birds are reared by the big farmers

and they take care to protect their birds against number of diseases.

The poultry population in five districts of command area is around 9.5 millions. The

government is also encouraging village poultry production and supplying improved local

breeds like Vanaraja and Giriraja birds.

The income generated by these birds will be utilized by the women to meet the daily

expenditure and the nutritional standards of poor will be improved by consuming chicken

and eggs. The sale value of the country chicken in cities and towns is very high because of

its palatability and the price is around Rs.150 to 200/bird. In severe disease outbreaks with

Ranikhet Disease, the village poultry population will be washed out. Approximately the

economic losses due to the diseases in the above districts is calculated may be around

Rs.900.00 millions /year if not properly protected and economic losses in the entire state

may be around Rs.3700.00 millions year.

At present the vaccine production is carried out in old laboratories. They need upgradation

as per GMP standards to continue vaccine production. To upgrade the facilities only one

time investment is necessary. The vaccine production is sustainable with state government

funds and by selling of vaccine at nominal price. The VBRI has qualified and experienced

staff and establishment and maintenance charges can be met from regular state government

on going programme.

(iv). Costs (Rs. in million)

S.

No

Name of the

component Physical

Unit

cost

Year wise budget Total

1st 2

nd 3

rd 4

th 5

th 6

th

1 Campaign to save

calves

12.60

lakhs

Rs.

6.00

0 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 7.56

2 Strengthen

Vety.facilities 959 0.013

12.51

A. Rapid Disease

Diagnostic kits at

field level i.e., all

graduate Vety.

Hospitals

211 0.035

3.69 3.70 0 0 00

7.39

36

B. Cold chain

facilities for vaccine

storage and

transport Mini

coolers for VD,

located at Mandals

211

0.009

0.95 0.95 0 0 0 0

1.90

C. Automatic Sheep

vaccination-cum-

deworming Guns to

facilitate mass

health control

campaigns at all

veterinary

Institutions

537 0.006

1.61 1.61 0 0 0 0

3.22

3 Trevises (Animal

restraints) provision

for village cluster to

facilitate door step

treatment

580 0.007

1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01

4.06

4 Modernization of

Poultry Viral

Vaccine

Production

Laboratories at

VBRI, Hyderabad

20.000

i) Clean room

facilities

a) Installation of Air

handling units along

with air

conditioning,

b) Partition panels,

false roofing, &

vinyl flooring for

Preparation &

c) Sterilization room

and epoxy flooring

for Freeze drying

rooms.

5.00

5.00

ii) Machinery and

equipment

a) Double door dry

15.00

15.000

37

heat sterilizer

b) Double door

steam sterilizer

d) Automatic Vial

and bung washing

machines

e) Laminar air flow

cabinets

f) Freeze drying

machine (5000 vials

capacity)

g) Generator (100

KV)

h) Other

miscellaneous

equipment

TOTAL 44.13

3.3.10 TRAINING

3.3.10.1 Objectives

To scale up the knowledge and skills of the Animal Husbandry staff and Para

workers and to improve the awareness of farmers on livestock management

3.3.10.2 Approach and description of the intervention

Under this component capacity building both for departmental staff and livestock

rearers is envisaged. It is proposed to orient all the Departmental staff on the project

objectives and implementation plans. In addition, as latest and advanced diagnostic

equipment is proposed to be procured, selected Veterinarians also need to be trained and

oriented to handle the new equipment effectively and also on certain soft skills for

managers to update their managerial skills.

Since, sheep rearing is mostly limited to certain communities, one has to select the

youth from such communities and train them to act as link extension workers. Keeping this

in view, it is proposed to train at the rate of two candidates per mandal. Among farmers

both dairy and sheep rearers are proposed to be trained in their own activities for scientific

management and to derive high productivity.

3.3.10.3 Costs (Rs. in million)

Sl.

No Name of the component Physical Financial

1 Orientation on project to staff (552x2000/-) which includes course fee, 552 1.10

38

lunch, snacks & tea, training material and travel charges.

2 Advanced training for Veterinarians on latest equipment @ Rs.50000/-

per head 150 7.5

3 Sheep Extension Workers training @ Rs.6000/individual (116 X 2 X

Rs. 6000/-) Logistics like lunch, snacks & tea, training material and

travel charges.

232 1.39

4 Farmers training programme on scientific Animal husbandry practices

for 11600 farmers (116 Mandals X 100 Farmers X Rs.200/-) Logistics

like lunch, snacks & tea, training material and travel charges.

11600 1.160

5 Exposure Visits to Farmers (For staff expenses)(116 X 10 X Rs. 625/-)

This includes food, boarding and travel charges. 1160 0.725

Total 11.875

3.4 Fisheries

Fisheries is an important economic activity in the state of Andhra Pradesh and its

contribution to GDP is 2.36% (2005-06). It is providing employment to about 14 lakh

families (contributing 40% of India’s fisheries export) and providing high protein dietary

source to India. These fisheries activities address the PDO by increasing the non-farm

household incomes in the command area.

The State has 974 kms of coastline, 102 reservoirs with 2.34 lakh ha water spread

area, 3 major rivers with their tributaries, 74,051 minor irrigation tanks with 6.23 lakh ha

water spread area, two natural lakes with 0.77 lakh ha water spread area and 1.75 lakh ha of

land under freshwater and brackish water culture ponds. Thus, the State is endowed with

marine, brackish and fresh water resources with immense opportunities to produce a wide

variety of fish and shellfishes. The state occupies first position in India for brackish water

shrimp production and fresh water prawn production, in inland fish production and fifth po

in marine fish production. Despite this envious position in production, there is a wide gap

between the potential and actual production.

The fisheries potential for AP is estimated to be 13 lakh tons from all the three

segments. However, the existing production is approximately 9 lakh tons (2006-07) with an

average annual growth rate of around 4%. To minimize the gap between potential and

present production, certain financial, technical and managerial interventions are required.

The APWSIP proposes to address this production gap by increasing the fish

production from the Nargarjuna Sagar Reservoir and in other water bodies in the command

area of the NSS. The main objectives are:

• Promote the development of fisher groups from the 1600 licence holders on the

reservoir

• Replenish the depleted fish stocks in the Reservoir

• Develop fisheries value chain

• Promote investment to create infrastructure

39

• Ensure sustainable development

• Promote welfare of fishers

The fisheries component will focus on the two fishing groups in the NSS command,

those on the reservoir and those downstream. On the reservoir there are 1600 licensed

fishermen. At present the reserves of fish in the reservoir are being depleted as

replenishment stocks are not being supplied and fishing continues during the breeding

season despite steps taken to stop this. In the NSS there are 171 fishery cooperative

societies (FCS), consisting of 21766 members who are fishing from small reservoirs and

ponds. The project will seek to assist fisherman in the project area by;

• Forming groups of fisherman on the reservoir and linking them with fishing

platforms in a business model,

• Supplying seed for the reservoir through the fisher groups to raise awareness of the

importance of this activity, so they take ownership at the close of the project,

• Promotion of best fishing practices for all fisher folk in the project area,

• In the minor irrigation tanks (MI tanks) demonstrations will be conducted on the

benefits of polyculture.

3.4.1 Activities under Nagarjuna Sagar Reservoir

(i) Release of fish seed: Nearly 1600 fishers eke out their livelihood from fishing in

the reservoirs. For acquiring fishing rights in the reservoir, they obtain fishing

licenses every year and the rates are nominal to enable them to carry their

livelihoods. The main gap identified is declining rate of natural replenishment of

fish stocks due to poor compliance of conservancy measures leading to unregulated

fishing and destruction of habitat.

The average water spread area of the reservoir is 18,429 ha. At present,the average

fish productivity is 40 kg/ha. Based on the average water spread area at FRL and

DSL and the potential yield is estimated by the CIFRI is 119 kgs/ha/yr which is

based on limnological parameters. To tap full potential, a moderate stocking of 250

fingerlings of Indian major carps/ha preferably 100 to 150 mm is desirable. It

requires 46,07,250 fingerlings every year and this input intervention is to be

combined with enforcement of ban on fishing during July and August and

regulation mesh size measuring 50 mm or below during September and October.

The sustained stocking of fingerlings of major carps coupled with strict compliance

of will help to build ample stocks at the end of the project period and enhance the

livelihood of fishers. The fish yield is estimated to be 2,193 tons/yr and Rs. 650.00

lakhs in terms of value. The average income of each fisher will be about Rs. 41,000/

annum.

(ii) Formation of fisher groups: There are about 1600 fishers around the NSP

reservoir who belong to different villages spread over in two districts and are not

organized into any productive association to pool their ideas and resources to

enhance fish yields of reservoir. As such the huge water body has been subject of

negligence by the fishers. The Department has taken up stocking of advanced

40

fingerlings for the last two years to enhance their livelihood with the assistance

provided under Plan funds and by the National Fisheries Development Board

(NFDB). Their income has gone up since then and the evaluation is under process.

In order to put in place a responsive management mechanism to harness potential of

the reservoir and equitable sharing of benefits among fishers during the project

period and beyond, it is necessary to organize all the existing and new fishers into

permanent, durable and sustainable associations in the form of self help groups to

bring about self reliance through thrift and linking with banks and to train them on

management, group dynamics and livelihood enhancement.

Each group will have 10-12 members in it as it is the ideal size for easy

management considering the literacy levels of fishers. Their capacity building will

be taken up by the Fisheries Department and resources persons from Society for

Elimination of Rural Poverty (SERP) and other agencies will be invited to empower

them.

(iii) Construction of platforms around reservoir: Conventionally reservoir fishers

gather at ideal sites before and after fishing, keep their craft and gear, segregate

their catch basing on species and size, make transactions with the market promoters

etc. These places do not have facilities to handle the fish hygienically, store, add

value and process fish and to keep their craft and gear safely. The Department has

identified 12 such places around reservoir to develop RCC platforms in the

government lands and benefiting groups will be made responsible for their

maintenance by making a tri partite agreement among department, fishers and local

body concerned. This will fill a gap in domestic market linkage, ensure

remunerative prices and provide quality fish to consumers in the nearby and far off

places.

The sites identified are given below.

S. No. District Village Units

1 NALGONDA Chinna Munagala 1

2 Vizag Colony 2

3 Nagarjuna Sagar 2

4 Hill Colony 1

5 Pylon Colony 1

6 GUNTUR Anupu 2

7 Tourism Center 1

8 Vijayapuri South 2

Total 12

(iv) Extension of Training Center: The existing training hall in the Govt. Fish Seed

Farm, Nagarjuna Sagar does not have adequate space though sufficient land is

available to handle training programmes regularly. Additional facilities will be

created under the project with furniture, audio-visual aids and equipment to handle

a batch of 25-50 trainees at a time. At present there is one regular Fisheries

Development Officer with supporting staff to handle training programmes and

arrangements will be made to enlist the support of resource persons from within and

other departments to run programmes successfully.

41

(v) Earthen Fish Seed Rearing Ponds: Fish seed is the key input and the production is

determined by their quality, quantity, right proportions and survival rate. Often

transporting advanced size fingerlings is fraught with higher cost and mortality.

Nearly 4.5 millions advanced fingerlings are required every year and the cost of

such seed estimated by NFDB is Re. 1/fingeling. As such every year Rs. 4.5

millions are required to release them. In the first year of the project, it is proposed

to take procuring seed by tenders and in subsequent years by rearing fry into

required size in 4 earthen ponds having 1 ha rearing space each in the Govt. Fish

Seeds Farm, N’Sagar where sufficient land and water are available. To get 4.5

millions of advanced seed, 22.5 million fry stage seed is required considering 20%

survival rate, which costs about Rs. 1.45 millions on fry seed @ Rs. 0.6 paisa/seed.

Rs. 1.35 million is needed to raise, meet recurring expenditure and transport them to

the dam site against the cost of Rs. 4.5 m every year for procuring advanced

fingerling. Thus there is a net saving of Rs. 8.5 millions on release of fingerlings

and a part of it, i.e. Rs. 1.4 million, is proposed for making earthen rearing ponds.

These structures will not only provide access to quality seed with least chances of

mortality but also create infrastructures to produce adequate quantities of seed to

sustain the stocking.

3.4.2 Activities under Command Area (Minor Irrigation Tanks)

(i) Demonstration of Good Management Practices in tanks: The minor irrigation

tanks in villages are sources of livelihood for fisher communities in the villages.

The practice of stocking of fry stage seed in inadequate quantities and proportions is

resulting in low productivity and higher mortality. The tanks in command area are

either perennial or long seasonal as far water retention period and have good scope

for enhancement of productivity through managerial, financial and input

interventions. During the project period 10 tanks will be taken up every year with 2

tanks from each district for demonstration of package of good management

practices from pre stocking stage to post harvest stage by involving the members of

the respective fisher co-operative societies. Good working societies will be selected

for the purpose of demonstration and will be provided with quality inputs like

advanced fingerlings, manures, feed and prawn juveniles in selected tanks where it

is suitable and two active and educated members from other societies will also be

involved in the process for the replication of package of practices in their tanks. In

suitable tanks pens will be erected to rear fry stage seed in situ to obtain healthy

fingerlings and to reduce the cost on seed.

(ii) Exposure Visits: Two progressive and active members from each society covering

50 societies every year in 5 districts will be taken for exposure visit to Kaikalur and

Bheemavaram area where fish farmers are producing 10-15 tons/ha/yr by adoption

of intensive methods of farming. This activity will expose them to the best and

proven practices and inculcate the habit of better management of resources. There is

also a government lab in Kaikalur and the importance of water, soil, feed analysis

and diagnosis of diseases for better health and production management will be

imparted to them.

(iii) Water Analysis Kits: Periodic analysis of water is necessary to assess the health

of the fish and to make amends when needed. Mass mortality due to sudden

42

depletion of dissolved oxygen levels in summer season is a common problem. The

heavy presence of organic load often leads to outbreak of bacterial and fungal

infections. These undesirable events can be prevented through periodic analysis of

water quality. The societies selected for demonstration of good management

practices will be provided with water analysis kits and one or two persons will be

trained to operate the successfully.

(iv) Upgradation of Fish Markets: The major problem for persistence of middlemen

in the fishing industry is due to weak domestic market network. Most of the profits

are cornered by the middlemen as they take the catches from fishers at throw away

prices neither benefiting the fishers nor consumers. The local consumers are also

denied of access to fish though it is produced locally in absence of strong domestic

markets. Usually fish markets do not have permanent infrastructure and lack

facilities of selling fish under hygienic environs. Due to which consumers are

seldom inclined to purchase fish. The up gradation of local markets has been taken

up in 34 places in the State with the funds provided by the Agriculture Market

Committees and sales and consumption of fish increased radically due to this

market facilitation. With this experience, it is proposed to upgrade 5 existing fish

markets one each in 5 districts by providing necessary infrastructure and facilities to

create favourable conditions for vending and in turn augmentation of consumption.

The upgrading of local markets will fill the gap in the domestic market network.

These markets will be taken up in Govt owned lands and will be given to the local

body for maintenance through an MOU with them.

S. No District Place

1 Nalgonda Mallepally

2 Khammam Palair

3 Krishna Ibrahimpatnam

4 Guntur Vijayapuri South

5 Prakasham Darshi

3.4.3 Activities for Culture Ponds

(i)Training on Sustainable Management Practices: The farmers around Kolleru Lake

area are producing 10-15 t/ha/yr through intensive farming. A majority of farmers are

resorting to practices which are detrimental to the aquatic environment. The frequency

of disease outbreaks has increased manifold and farmers are resorting to indiscriminate

use of antibiotics and broad spectrum pesticides which may become a health and

environment hazard in the near unless such practices are regulated. The overuse of

pesticides and antibiotics may result in acquisition of resistance by the causative agents

and farmers are bound to incur losses when that situation comes. They need to be

educated to adopt sound and proven methods of farming in order to get recommended

levels of production and to diversify to alternate species and to dissuade them from

using antibiotics as the Export Inspection Council is campaigning against use of

prohibited drugs to sustain aqua exports from the country. The pictorial leaflets on all

aspects of culture will be prepared by the State Institute of Fisheries Technology,

Kakinada and distributed to the farmers.

43

3.4.4 IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

(i) State Level: The State Nodal Unit will be created in H.O. and the Joint Director of

Fisheries (Inland) will be designated as the Nodal Officer at the State Level for

planning, implementation, coordination, monitoring and evaluation of all activities

under the Project. He will be assisted by an Assistant Director and ministerial staff

for timely implementation. All the reports received from the five districts showing

physical, financial and technical achievements will be consolidated and submitted

to the Project Officer/Nodal Agency for component on Agriculture (Dept. of

Agriculture) periodically. The Project Performance indicators like, percentage of

fisheries group functioning, percentage of fishing tanks adopting best fishing

practices, fish yield and income in reservoir, minor irrigation tanks, culture ponds

will be monitored periodically.

(ii). District Level: At District Level, the Districts Fisheries Officers will plan,

implement, coordinate and monitor the programme and get the District Plan

approved by the Governing Body of the Agriculture Technology Management

Agency. He / She shall closely supervise the programme in the field.

(iii) Field Level: The Field Level Officers are designated as Fisheries Development

Officers / Assistant Inspector of Fisheries and are in charge of 4-8 mandals. They

are supported by the field staff. They execute all the activities/programmers

approved by the G. B. of ATMA. The formation of self help groups and imparting

training to reservoir fishers, procurement of fish seed, conduct of exposure visits,

and identification of suitable place for landing centers and other will be made by

them with active involvement of beneficiaries under the Scheme in a participatory

approach model and submits reports periodically to the district and State Level

Nodal Units.

3.5 Adaptive Research – ANGRAU

3.5.1 The objective of the demonstrations subcomponent is to mainstream technologies

developed and tested under research conditions into farmer fields. These technologies will

have an improved water management/water use efficiency focus thereby directly

addressing the objectives of PDO. This sub-component will be implemented by Acharya

N.G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU) which will organize on-farm

demonstrations on irrigation and agronomic practices to improve irrigation efficiency and

crop yields in NSP command. The indicative list of activities is:

• Conduct adaptive trials at the field level to refine and mainstream technologies

developed by ANGRAU and other institutions that have relevance for the farmers

with a particular focus on water.

• Provide technical backstopping to agricultural extension services in line

departments of NSP project area.

To meet the above objectives the ANGRAU will conduct on farm demonstrations in the

project area in a participatory mode involving farmers, water user associations, line

44

departments and ANGRAU scientists. The specific activities include but are not confined

to the following:

• Benchmark survey will be conducted with a questionnaire developed in association

with agricultural economist.

• Demonstrations on water and agronomic management will be conducted.

• Providing technical backstopping to agricultural extension services. This will

include field days, training programmes for farmers and line department officials

etc.

• Economic impact assessment will be conducted with the help of questionnaire

developed in association with agricultural economist.

An indicative list of the suggested topics for demonstrations and related activities

include; water use efficiency demonstrations including aerobic rice, rotational irrigation,

deficit irrigation, low water consumption crops, irrigation scheduling techniques and

micro-irrigation. These technologies will be quantified with the use of water measuring

devices, weather stations and other equipment as required. Crop cutting yield verification

will be conducted to determine water use efficiencies per unit of produce. Field days and

trainings will be conducted to disseminate the information to the relevant Line Departments

and wider community.

Conservation agriculture (CA) is a proven technique for land management that

improves productivity and soil structure/fertility. The ANGRAU will develop a long term

(project length) adaptive trial on conservation agriculture. It is anticipated that one year of

planning would be required for a four to five year field experiment. This would involve the

development of suitable machinery and systems that can be packaged and extended to the

NSP farming community. The development of this activity will be participatory and

involve farmers with CA experience in development. ANGRAU will produce concept note

in the first three months of the project outlining the feasibility of this initiative and the

requirements for further planning and development.

The University will place five staff at the district level. These staff in consultation with

nodal centre will be responsible for producing annual action plans and submission of these

to the PD ATMA for inclusion in the projects district plan. He will also be responsible for

the day to day running of project demonstrations, conducting of trainings and associated

events such as field days. These staff will also be responsible for supervision of field

technicians. The nodal centres, in turn, will co-ordinate all technical and administrative

issues pertaining to all five districts where the project is operating from the University side.

It is responsible to plan, implement, monitor and evaluate this component. It should liaise

with PPMU to develop the format to capture the process and product monitoring of the

project indicators at specified intervals. In addition to others, indicators should include crop

productivity, cropping intensity, crop diversity, farm income, percentage of farmers

adopting improved practices etc

It is expected that the University will conduct a minimum of nine demonstrations under

three distributaries, one each in head, mid and tail reach in a district for each of rabi and

kharif seasons (minimum of 90 demonstrations). These trials will be linked to training/field

days conducted by the University and will have one day per site.

45

3.5.2 Implementation Plan

The project will be implemented in phased manner in right and left canals by selecting

complete distributory in each of the five districts of the command. The programme will be

implemented under each distributory for two/ three years. The details of activity plan are

given below;

1. Right canal: RARS, Lam (Guntur) and KVK, Darsi (Prakasham)

2. Left canal: ARS, Kampasagar (Nalgonda), KVK, Garikapadu (Krishna) and

KVK, Wyra (Khammam)

Years S. No Activity

1 2 3 4 5 6

1 Establishment of staff and office X

2 Inception workshop X

3 Procurement of tools and equipment X X X X X

4 Selection of distributary / minor X

5 Conduct of bench mark survey in the

selected distributary / minor

X X

6 Laying of field demonstrations X X X X X

7 Organisation of training programmes /

field days

X X X X X X

8 Monitoring of selected distributaries X X X X X

9 Economic impact assessment and fed back X X

10 Project concluding workshop and Report

writing

X

3.5.3 Implementation Arrangements

The project will be implemented from ANGRAU side in the following organizational

frame work.

ANGRAU

↓

Vice Chancellor

46

↓

Director of Research/Extension

↓

Water Technology Centre (Nodal centre)

____________↓_____________

↓ ↓

Right canal Left Canal

↓ ↓

____________________ ___________________________

↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

KVK RARS ARS KVK KVK

Darsi Lam Kampasagar Garikapadu Wyra

Prakasham Guntur Nalgonda Krishna Khammam

3.6 Technical Support to ATMAs and Backstopping WUAs by MANAGE for

Strengthening Market-led Extension

3.6.1 This component aims to provide the necessary resources to ensure that the extension

approach targets WUA and focuses the interventions on the specific water related extension

needs of the beneficiaries. This sub-component addresses the area of strengthening the

state’s institutional capacity for multi-sector planning, development and management of

water resources.

The MANAGE (National Institute of Agricultural Extension Management), Hyderabad, is

an apex institute under Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India, providing vital farmer-

focused services to facilitate acquisition of managerial and technical skills by stakeholders

involved in the extension system, scientific and technical institutions and administration in

all sectors of the agricultural economy to ensure most effective support and services to the

end users – farmers and fisherman for practicing sustainable agriculture.

MANAGE has strengths in research, consultancy, training, management education and

documentation activities. It has undertaken path-breaking initiatives in the areas of

extension reforms; management education in agri-business and need based capacity

building programs through a huge network of institutions in India and abroad. It works on

the comparative strengths of facilitators spread across the country besides having strong

47

linkages with state, national and international institutions working in agriculture and allied

sectors.

The Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India, pilot tested the extension reforms in 28

districts in seven States across the country through Agricultural Technology Management

Agency (ATMA) model of extension from 1998 –2005. The successful experiences gained

under Extension Reforms are now being up scaled to 588 districts in the country. The key

reforms envisaged under the scheme are strategic planning, demand driven extension,

farming systems approach, research–extension–farmer-market-linkage, bottom-up

planning, decentralized decision making, market led extension, public-private partnerships

and involvement of NGOs and private sector organisations, Commodity Interest Groups

(CIGs) etc.

MANAGE is facilitating the implementation of reforms in agricultural extension across the

country. The major interventions by MANAGE include technical support to all the

districts in preparation of Strategic Research and Extension Plans (SREPs), capacity

building of extension functionaries, preparation of State Extension Work Plans (SEWPs)

and development of master trainers to provide training and handholding support at district

and below.

Under the APWSIP, the main objective of agricultural component is to increase the

incomes of farmers in the Nagarjuna Sagar Scheme (NSS) by increasing production and

profitability of agriculture, horticulture, livestock, fisheries and other production activities.

This would be achieved by improvements in production technologies, strengthening of

agricultural support services, market linkages and by making agricultural extension more

demand driven and better aligned with market opportunities.

The present program of the agriculture component is proposed to be implemented in

the project area comprising the five districts of the NSS through the ATMAs of these five

districts. It is, therefore, proposed that the MANAGE will be supported for developing the

required facilities for providing technical backstopping to the Agriculture Component and

imparting training to the concerned personnel involved in project ATMAs and related

activities.

3.6.2 Action Plan

The following action plan is proposed to be carried out at different levels during the

project period:

• Study the existing water management and farming systems, identify the gaps, and

prepare of District Water Management and Agricultural Development Plans

(DWMADPs) for the five districts under the Nagarjuna Sagar Scheme in

collaboration with ATMAs and Department of Agriculture.

• Promote alternate farming systems for optimal utilization of water to increase the

production and profitability

• Facilitate in strengthening linkages between Water User Associations and various

Technology and Extension service providers, WALAMTARI, NGOs, input dealers,

etc.,

• Mainstream the extension services through the existing district Agricultural

Technology Management Agency (ATMA) by preparing District/Block Action

Plans based on DWMADP

48

• Promotion of Market Led Extension to increase the profitability of farmers of

WUAs

• Development of selected value chains of staple crops and perishables

Proposed Activities

The following activities are proposed to be undertaken:

(i) . Preparation of District Water Management and Agricultural Development

Plan (DWMADP)

• District level orientation programs on DWMADP (3 days duration)

• Development of Master Trainers in each district (5 days duration)

• Development of core teams for each district for data collection on DWMADP (5

days duration)

• Field data collection by core teams (2 weeks)

• Analysis and preparation of DWMADPs (2 weeks)

(ii) . Capacity building of Water Users Associations (WUAs)

The capacity building and training of WUAs will cover the following aspects:

• Formation and management of Water Users Association (WUAs)

• Leadership development

• Orientation on ATMA program

• Orientation and preparation of Block Action Plans (BAPs) and District Action

Plans (DAPs)

• Orientation on roles and responsibilities of Water Users Associations,

• Promotion of Commodity Interest Groups (CIGs) and their Federations

• Farmer-led extension

• Market-led extension

• Buyer-seller meets

• Alternative models of farming like contract farming

• Export orientation to agricultural production

• Institutional linkages (Technical agencies, input agencies, credit agencies,

market agencies, processing units, Panchayatraj institutions and other local

institutions)

49

(iii) . Capacity building of extension functionaries of agriculture and allied

sectors, technology providers, WALAMTARI and NGOs

The capacity building and training of extension functionaries will cover the

following aspects:

• Farming systems approach

• Farming situation based extension

• Project management

• Farm business management

• Market-led extension

• Team work

• Participatory extension management in context with irrigation management

• Farmer-led extension

• Communication skills

• Farm mechanization

● Conflict Management

(iv) . Development of training modules and training materials

Facilitation for preparation of Block Action Plans (BAPs) and District Action

Plans (DAPs)

(v) . Documentation of success stories

(vi) . Buyer-Seller interface:

The project in collaboration with the ATMA will organize buyers sellers meets at

district level to introduce CIG members as sellers to all the important commodity traders,

processors and corporate in the district.

MANAGE shall establish a dedicated APWSIP Cell with contractual staff

consisting of a Consultant HQ assisted by 5 District Consultants in the areas of Agri-

business, Agri-extension, Crop Production, Water Management and Dairy sciences with

necessary supporting staff. For coordinating and liaison function for promoting APWSIP

activities during the project period. They will be hired on purely contractual basis co-

terminus with the project.

3.6.3 DELIVERABLES:

This component aims to provide necessary support to ensure that the extension approach

targets WUAs and focuses the interventions on the specific water related extension needs

of the beneficiaries. The first and the foremost activity in this component is to develop a

District Water Management and Agriculture Development Plan (DWMADP), which will

serve as a road map for all the sectoral developmental activities. The DWMAD-plan

prepared by the stakeholders is based on the ground realities. The issues and problems

emerged and the challenges and opportunities ahead will lead to the strategies to be

adopted by each of the implementing agency like agriculture, horticulture, animal

husbandry etc., for bridging the gaps. The second important activity of this component is

50

to strengthen linkages between the Water User Associations (WUAs) and various

technology and extension service providers, WALMATARI, NGOs, Input dealers, etc.

This will be ensured through capacity building programs on different thematic areas and

involvement in block action plan preparations. The third major activity of this component

is mainstreaming of the extension services through existing institutional mechanisms like

ATMAs. MANAGE would take up continuous capacity building programs which in turn

empower all the stake holders including WUAs in overall achievement of the project

objectives. Further, this component also focuses on the buyer–producer meets for

establishing the closer linkage between the markets and farmers. It would also facilitate

organizing the farmers around the commodities to encourage the demand driven production

and value addition at farm level to ensure the profitability.

Table 5: Proposed contractual staff for MANAGE Districts under Nagarjuna Sagar

Scheme Total Name of the Post Project

office at

MANAGE

Hyd 1 2 3 4 5

1. Consultant Head Quarter 1 - - - - - 1

2. Consultant District - 1 1 1 1 1 5

3. Accountant 1 1

4. Computer Operator cum

Typist

1 - - - 1

Total: 3 1 1 1 1 1 8

TOR for Consultant at Head Quarter and Consultant at District level are given in

Annexure-8

3.6.4 COST: The proposed cost of this program is estimated as Rs.61.04 million. The

details of the cost estimate are given in Annexure-15.

4 Cost Estimates

The cost estimates for the six sub-components of the Irrigated Agriculture

Intensification and Diversification Component are summarized in Table 6 and details are

given in Annexure.9-15.

Table 6: Cost estimates for the IAID Component (Rs. Millions).

Subcomponent PYI PYII PY III PY IV PY V PY VI TOTAL

Field Crops 39.53 167.05 69.45 64.59 65.57 67.57 473.74

Horticultural Crops 19.61 22.70 24.51 20.76 20.76 20.79 129.12

Livestock Production 41.91 56.31 29.31 23.34 16.29 16.23 183.39

Fish Production 8.95 11.55 9.35 8.35 8.25 8.13 54.58

Adaptive Research 6.02 17.56 7.56 7.56 7.56 7.62 53.88

51

Support to ATMA* 11.02 10.64 10.14 10.14 10.64 8.46 61.04

Total 127.03 285.80 150.32 134.74 129.07 128.79 955.75

Dispersion Profile 13.29% 29.90% 15.73% 14.10% 13.50% 13.48%

* Estimates only.

The Field Crops subcomponent will conduct activities like demonstrations,

trainings, WUA’s, capacity building, professional services, strengthening of the ATMA,

FTCs, SAMETI organizing Farmer Field Schools, and exposure visits etc. Annual Action

Plans will be submitted to the PPMU. The total cost of this subcomponent is Rs. 473.7

million. For the detailed physical and financial activities for this component refer to

Annexure-9

The Horticultural Crops subcomponent will also conduct activities like

demonstrations, trainings, WUA’s, capacity building, post harvest management, organizing

Farmer Field Schools, and exposure visits etc. Annual Action Plans will be submitted to the

PPMU. The total cost of this subcomponent is Rs. 129.1 million. For a full description of

the financial and physical activities for this subcomponent refer to Annexure-10.

The Livestock Production subcomponent will conduct activities related to improving

animal health, fertility and nutrition. This entails, trainings, demonstrations, heath and

fertility camps, AI services and other activities. The total cost of this subcomponent is Rs.

183.4 million. This subcomponent will be covered by both the Animal Husbandry

Department and the Andhra Pradesh Livestock Development Department. For a full

description of the physical and financial activities of this component refer to Annexure-11

and 12 respectively.

The Fisheries subcomponent will conduct activities related to improving the quality

and quantity of fish caught from the reservoir and tanks located in the NSS command area.

This entails formation of fisher groups, trainings, demonstrations, construction of fishing

platforms and best management practices for fish production. The total cost of this

subcomponent is Rs. 54.5 million. For the detailed physical and financial activities of the

Fisheries subcomponent see Annexure-13

The Adaptive Research subcomponent will conduct trials and research activities

that lead to the extension and adoption of new technologies in the farmers fields. It will

bridge the gap between theory and research and adaptation by the farmer. Funding will be

provided for research trials, demonstrations trainings and field days and operation. The

total cost of this subcomponent is Rs. 53.8 million. For the detailed physical and financial

activities see Annexure-14

The Support to ATMA subcomponent, to be implemented by MANAGE, will

conduct activities that strengthen the extension process in the command area of the NSS.

Activities will involve training, workshops, surveys and seminars. The main focus is on

capacity building (WUAs, line department staff, NGOs) including market lead extension,

preparation of District Water management and agriculture development plan, facilitating

the preparation of Block Actions Plans, District Action Plans, development of training

modules and training materials, developing buyer-seller interface The cost of this

subcomponent is Rs. 61.0 million. For the detailed physical and financial activities see

Annexure-15

52

The Procurement Plan for the component “Irrigated Agriculture Intensification and

Diversification” is indicated in Annexure-16A -16C.

5. Implementation Arrangements

The implementation will follow a community based approach with the active

participation of the beneficiaries and other stakeholders (including line departments, NGO

and private sector) in the design, implementation and monitoring of the interventions. For

enhancing interdepartmental coordination and effectively involving farmers in the planning

and implementation of various activities, a new implementation strategy, based on

multidisciplinary and interdepartmental support groups at scheme, village, Mandal and

district level, will be followed. The approach will be fully participatory, based on farmers

perceived needs and will make use of farmer groups linked to WUAs to implement project

activities where feasible.

The Project Preparation and Monitoring Unit (PPMU) is responsible for the

implementation of APWSIP. Within the APWSIP, the Department of Agriculture will be

the Nodal Agency responsible for implementation of the Irrigated Agriculture

Intensification and Diversification component in coordination with other Line Departments

and Institutions. At the district and lower levels the implementation will use the existing

community based approach (ATMA) with the active participation of the beneficiaries and

other stakeholders, in the design, implementation and monitoring of the interventions.

The NATP of 1998 introduced the concept of Agricultural Technology

Management Agency (ATMA) as a grass roots method to drive extension in the rural

sector. It was run as a pilot in Prakasam district and under the “Support to State Extension

Programmes for Extension Reforms” has subsequently been expanded to all districts. The

general ATMA model has been adopted with some variations such as Polumbadi and

Mandal level FAC/FAICs (rather than block level).

Project plans are to be prepared for IAID component of APWSIP at two levels, one

at State level covering the total area of operation falling under the project of NSS and the

second at district level through which the project irrigation system flows. This is the

responsibility of MANAGE in collaboration with all line departments involved in this

project. The Basic document is the District Water Management and Agriculture

Development Plan. Based on the project plans prepared, interim reviews will be carried out

and gaps any identified will be corrected keeping the baseline project plan. Final project

completion report will also be prepared keeping the initial project plan as a base line

document. The results obtained will be analyzed and final conclusions drawn.

The District level plans will be initiated at the WUA/village level with Line

Department staff and PPP interaction with farmers (using the ATMA approach) to

determine needs based activities The Mandal, Block or Division (depending on

Department) level staff will collate the village level plans which will then be sent to the

Project Extension officer/PD ATMA for further collation into the District Annual Action

Plan.

The District Annual Action Plan will then be used by the Project Cell to create the

IAID Component Annual Action Plan.

53

5.1 State/Project level

The Irrigation and CAD Department is the umbrella implementing agency for the

APWSIP. The Department of Agriculture is the Nodal Agency for coordinating, monitoring

and implementing the Irrigated Agriculture Intensification and Diversification component.

To facilitate and implement this component a Project Coordination Unit (PCU) and a

Project Cell (PC) respectively will be created. The PCU will be chaired by the Agriculture

Commissioner and the PCU will be created within the Commissionerate of Agriculture, the

project will supply office equipment, staff and allowances for travel to the project districts.

The nodal officers identified by respective line departments will coordinate their activities

with the Department of Agriculture (PCU) and the PPMU.

The Project Coordination Unit will be chaired by the Commissioner for Agriculture

and have members from the Line Departments and Institutions associated with the project.

They will meet on a quarterly basis (or more often as required) to review the

implementation progress and take action where necessary. The main role of this unit will be

to ensure a high level of coordination between the Line Departments and Institutions and

settle any disputes arising from flow of funds or other issues. The members of the Project

Coordination Unit are listed in Table 7. Minutes of meetings will be recorded by the

Member Secretary and given to the APWSIP Project Director who will also be given notice

of any outstanding issues.

Table 7: Members of the Project Coordination Unit.

Chairman Commissioner for Agriculture Member Secretary Senior Extension Coordinator (Nodal Officer)

Members Project Director PPMU

Director Animal Husbandry

CEO AP Livestock Development Agency

Director Horticulture

Director Fisheries

Director of Research

Director SAMETI/ATMA

Director MANAGE

The project cell will be responsible for the day to day running of the project. Funds

will be released to all the line departments as per the procedures mentioned in the Financial

Manual. The project cell will coordinate closely with staff at the District level in the form

of monthly meetings to discuss implementation planning and issues. They will be

responsible for the collection and collation of all physical and financial performance

information on a biannual basis.

The project is hiring Monitoring and Evaluation consultant as part of Project

Monitoring and the scope of this consultant includes the M&E of Agriculture Component.

Still if need arises the project will hire a M&E consultant.

The project cell will be led by a Senior Extension Coordinator and will be

comprised of staff hired by the project and those on deputation. The full team is listed in

Table 8.The TOR for Senior Extension Coordinator (SEC) are given in Annexure-6

54

Any outstanding issues encountered by the Senior Extension Coordinator that

cannot be resolved will be brought to the immediate attention of both the Chairman of the

PCU and the APWSIP PD.

Table 8: Members of the Project Cell

Person/position Employment Location

Manager: Senior Extension Coordinator Project Cell

Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist Project Cell

Computer Operator Project Cell

Joint Director of Agriculture

(Nodal Officer, nominated part time)

deputation Cell

Assistant Director of Agriculture Deputation Cell

Agriculture Officer Deputation Cell

Senior Assistant Deputation Cell

Junior Accounts Officer Deputation Cell

Attendants (2) Deputation Cell

Assistant Director Agriculture Deputation PPMU

Agriculture Coordinator Project PPMU

5.2 District level

The Project extension officer will liaise closely with the Joint Director Agriculture

and ATMA PD at the district level. They will be responsible for the overall implementation

and supervision of field staff and will put in place the necessary procedures for reporting

and monitoring project activities. These staff will review (as part of the ATMA

management committee) the Mandal Action Plans into which they will incorporate a

separate plan for the implementation of the IAID component, the Plan will then be

submitted via the normal ATMA procedures for inclusion in the District Annual Action

Plans. The Project Extension Officer will pay particular attention to the IAID component of

the plan and provide feedback where necessary to PPPs.

The Project Extension Officer will use the action plans to collate information

regarding the physical and financial activities related to the IAID component. He/she will

create the necessary reporting protocols required by the PPP staff to ensure the timely

delivery of information regarding physical and financial performance. He/she will

subsequently collate information for the district on all IAID activities (from all

implementing agencies) for detailed quarterly reports.

5.3 Block/Mandal level

The Mandal level is responsible for planning coordination with farmers, supply of

inputs for demonstrations etc. These activities will be coordinated by the District extension

officer with supervision from the ATMA Governing Board.

Planning for the IAID interventions will follow as far as possible the ATMA

process. Interventions should take into account the recommendations made in each of the

Districts Strategic Research and Extension Plan (SREP). As the SREPs are dynamic plans,

the IAID component and new interventions discovered during the course of the project can

be included. As such MANAGE will provide Mandal level staff (PPP, MAO and others)

with the necessary skills to assess WUAs for their specific water research and extension

requirements. Once these gaps are identified they will be incorporated into the Mandal

Annual Action Plan (prepared by Mandal Technology Team and reviewed by the Farmer

Advisory Committee) as a separate component of the action plan, to be funded by the

project. The plan will then follow the normal ATMA implementation procedure.

55

MANAGE will determine if the WUA assessment process warrants any updating or

addition to the districts SREP and outline the steps for this to occur.

5.4 Village/WUA level

At the village level, the Polumbadi will be the implementation unit. The Polumbadi

is a new concept introduced in 2007 to replace the largely defunct RMG (Rythu Mithra

Groups). The RMGs (group of 10 to 15 farmers that act as contact between farmers and

Line Departments, also operate input supply and customs hiring of equipment businesses)

are commodity based production groups supported by GoAP. However once support was

discontinued approximately 90% of the groups disbanded. The Polumbadi is the AP form

of a farmer field school. These consist of approximately 30 progressive farmers selected

from surrounding hamlets who command about 25 acres in total. From this two acres are

selected for demonstrations, and it is expected that the farmers will adopt this

demonstration in his remaining fields. From the two acres one is selected for short term

ICM demonstrations including a small area to keep farmers’ traditional practice as control.

The remaining acre is used for longer term ICM demonstrations covering two or more

seasons.

Each Polumbadi has one “Adarsha Ryotu” (a farmer who is intensively trained in

all aspects of agriculture who is paid honorarium of Rs 1000 from another scheme) who in

turn will train the remainder of the group with the assistance of local line department staff,

MAO and AEO who will also assist in planning demonstrations. The Adarsh Ryotu is

trained in the institution that has the comparative advantage for the subject matter and will

include KVKs, FAICs, NGOs, etc. At present there are 4865 Polumbadi in the 5 project

districts. New Polumbadis are being formed. Members of the Polumbadi are selected based

on Department standards in regards to caste and class and as a general rule it is based on

the proportional prevalence on the social groups in the particular community.This program

is currently being expanded have one Polumbadi per Gram Panchayat.

FACs have been formed at the Mandal level rather than at the block level and as

such Mandal level Annual Action Plans are developed using a similar process to the block

action plans (of the ATMA concept).

At village level the Project will be implemented through the Polumbadi which will

be linked to WUA and existing groups of farmers. It is presumed that the majority of the

polumbady members are already members of WUAs. The PPP will survey the Polumbady

members to determine the exact status of WUA representation. Where representation is low

MANAGE will suggests steps to be taken to either i) include Polumbady members in WUA

or ii) include WUA members in the Polumbady.

In the capacity building process for WUA the link will be established between the

Polumbadi and the WUA with facilitation from the PPP and the NGOs engaged under

Component A. It is envisaged that a minimum of one progressive farmer from each village

in the NSS will be included in the Polumbadi training process and that all members of the

Polumbadi are also members of the WUA. The PPP is to ensure that activities conducted

with WUA coincide with Polumbadi activities and visa versa. This farmer will then be

responsible for the further extension within his/her village. Selection of this farmer will

follow the project social guidelines.

The activities of all the various line departments and partner agencies will be

implemented by their respective Village, Mandal and Block level field/extension staff or

others as applicable. But all the activities should focus on WUAs and co-ordinate with the

district ATMA. The line departments will also follow the similar procedures as that of

56

DOA in planning, execution and evaluation of all their interventions. At the head quarters a

nodal unit would be established in all the line departments and the nodal officer identified.

The nodal unit will be responsible for planning, implementation, reporting, monitoring and

evaluation of the respective activities. The nodal unit will coordinate with MANAGE/

ATMA/ Project Cell in the Department of Agriculture in preparing District, Mandal and

Village annual action plans and for all their interventions included in the project. The nodal

unit will submit their reports to Project Monitoring Cell of DOA and PPMU

simultaneously.

Figure 1: Organogram for the Implementation structure for the Integrated

Agriculture Intensification and Diversification Component.

6.0 Monitoring and Evaluation

The IAID Project Cell will be responsible for the monitoring and evaluation (M and

E) of the IAID Component. The unit is required to initiate and design an effective system

for M and E and subsequently implement. The partner agencies will be responsible for

recording both physical and financial inputs and outputs of their respective sub-

components.

The monitoring and evaluation of this component will be developed in conjunction

with the overall project MIS. It will be linked to sub-component C4; Establishment of an

Integrated Computerized Information System. As much as possible data collection will be

in a format compatible with the requirements of the MIS that also fills the objectives of

component D2; Monitoring and Evaluation. It is important that data collection be designed

with techniques that can quantify or separate the effects of improved delivery of water from

the impacts of the IAID Component. This will include the monitoring of beneficiaries

outside the project area and those inside the project area not benefiting directly/indirectly

form IAID interventions.

NSP Cell (DoA)

Project Coordination Unit PPMU (Irrigation Department)

PD ATMA

WUA

Farmers

District/Block Line Dept

Staff

Polumbadi

Project Extension Officer

SHG, RMG, etc

Mandal/Village Line Dept

Extension Staff

Line Departments and

Allied Institutions

State Level

District Level

Mandal Level

Village Farm

Level

PPP

Service

providers

(KVK, FTC,

FIAC, Etc)

57

The arrangements for M and E would allow for self monitoring through the use of

WUA, ATMA/Polumbadi and PPP. Standard forms and surveys will be developed early in

the project to collect information during training sessions, meetings, field days and other

relevant events conducted by the project. These groups would be trained in data collection

and tabulation techniques that would track selected inputs. Examples of the data to be

collected will include number and types of training, at various levels, number, gender and

caste of participants, number and types of demonstration plots, cost of activities, etc.

Additional monitoring will be conducted to assess the outputs and outcomes. This

will be designed to quantify the impact of interventions on farming families. These will be

measured in terms of changes in production, productivity, profitability and incomes. This

impact will require baseline data to be collected and data will be collected from

implementation. This data will be analysed regularly and results fed back to project

management for feedback into project management. This will be done by M& E of the

Project under PPMU. If this is not fully captured in the regular MIS, this activity will be

contracted out to an independent organisation that will develop proposals to conduct this

activity.

The impact monitoring should cover 5 to 10% of WUAs with 5 to 10% of

households per WUA surveyed. Household data would be collected for both seasons in a

year. Data collection should use standard formats and participatory methods.

The following is a list of suggested indicators to be considered for impact

monitoring (i) production; yields, area planted farm size, cropping intensity, diversification,

by-products, and animal production, (ii) household; consumption of crop, animal and

fisheries products, sale of crop, animal and fisheries products and storage for

consumption/replanting, (iii) inputs; seeds, fertilisers and crop protection products, family

and hired labour, farm machinery, animal power and water for irrigation, and (iv) other

indicators; land taxes, off-farm employment and access to support services.

6.1 OUTCOME INDICATORS

Project Development Objective Outcome Indicators Use of Outcome Indicators

Increase in net household income of NSS farmers

(i) Identification of additional activities required,

Increase in field and horticultural crop productivity important agricultural crops and horti crops (important crop wise)

(ii) Continuation of financing of this project and dialogue with GoAP

Increase in fish production

Increase productivity of irrigated agriculture in the Nagarjuna Sagar Scheme command

Increase in milk production

Intermediate Outcome Intermediate Outcome Indicators

Use of Intermediate Outcome Monitoring

1 Field crops

Farmers adopt integrated crop management for field crops

Percentage of farmers adopting integrated crop management for field crops; productivity increase

Increased cropping intensity Cropping intensity increased from 124% to 175%

Adaptive management, Supervision Planning, Outlining additional needs

58

Diversification increased Increase in area of pulse/legume crops

2 Horticultural crops

Farmers adopt integrated crop management for horticultural crops

Percentage of farmers adopting integrated crop management for horticultural crops

Increase in vegetable production Number of hectares increase in vegetables

3 Animal Husbandry

Improved animal husbandry techniques adopted

Number of AI calves born

Improved animal nutrition Area of fodder production in NSS increases to 7% of the command area

Improved animal health Calf mortality reduced to 5%

4 Fisheries

Functioning fisher groups 80% of fisher groups functioning

Best fishing practices adopted 80% of fishing tanks adopting best fishing practices

5 Adaptive Research

Technologies verified for general adoption

Type and number of irrigated agriculture technologies incorporated into (ATMA) Annual Action Plans

6 Support to ATMA

Active participation of WUA in ATMA planning process

80% of WUA have representation in FAC

Annual Action Plans (ATMA) reflect needs of WUA

59

Annexure- 1

Guidelines For Organizing Demonstrations:

To achieve the desired Project Objectives, farming situation based Integrated Crop

Management Technologies Demonstrations with emphasis on Water Management are to to

be organized in the farm holdings of WUAs, Polumbadi and progressive farmers.

Critical inputs for demonstrations will be provided by the project. Inputs for

demonstrations will be distributed to the farmers in a timely manner. The intent for supply

of critical inputs shall be placed with supplying agency well in advance by the MAO. Soil

testing will be done before the sowing of crop, and fertilizer use shall be on the basis of soil

test analysis recommendations. The size of OFD plot will be not more than one acre, a

small area of the field will be managed under standard practices to act as a control area for

comparative purposes. In case of paddy, cluster demonstrations at Head, Middle and Tail-

end reaches of a canal /distributary will be organized to evaluate the WUE at different

reaches. The same variety will be taken at the three reaches. The crop oriented ICM

package of practices including IPM, INM and Water Management are demonstrated in the

farmers’ holdings. The demonstrations will be organized during Kharif and Rabi. The

MAO will extend necessary technical guidance to the PPP for organizing the

demonstrations.

The demonstration plot selected will be nearer to the road and accessible to the

farmers/inspecting authorities. The demonstration will be conducted on soil types typical of

the surrounding area. The PPP will visit the Demonstration plot 3 times in a week and

MAO will visit once in a week. The ADA (R) shall inspect/monitor the OFD plots once in

fortnight or whenever required.

Field days will be organized at one important stages of crop where in the farmers of

neighbouring plots/village will be invited to observe the implementation of ICM packages

and observe the difference between control and OFD plot .A display board will be erected

displaying the details of OFD plot like name of the crop, date of sowing/planting, variety

name, critical inputs applied, other inter cultivation operations taken up etc. The PPP of

OFD plot will maintain a register, with the above details. Farmers’ trainings will use such

demonstrations for effective use

The crop cutting experiments will be conducted during harvesting of OFD plot

crop, and the yields will be recorded in the presence of MAO/PPP and ADA(R). Similarly

the yield obtained from check / control plot will be recorded.

The final yield data along with photographs of all OFD plots organized in the

Mandal shall be sent to the PD, ATMA for preparing consolidated reports. The cost benefit

ratio of demonstrations will be calculated to show the economic advantage gained by

adopting all the package of practices. Summary reports will be compiled and distributed to

farmers at the end of the season.

60

Annexure- 2

Guidelines for Organizing Trainings

The trainings are to be conducted to the staff of DOA, PPP and officials of line

departments in PY-I followed by refresher training programme in PY-III.

Trainings will be imparted to the farmers covering WUAs, SHGs,and farm women

who are involved in 80-90% of agricultural operations.

The training programmes to the staff include one day orientation on IAID

components to all the implementing officials of DoA and allied departments to impart

clarity on Project Objectives and strategy to be adopted in this direction. This will be

followed by Two Day Workshop for Senior and Middle level officers.

Three day trainings to PPPs shall cover the ICM package of practices of the crops

cultivated in the Project area, with emphasis on Water Management, IPM, INM and any

other module to cater to location specific requirements. The trainings will be imparted in

PY-I before positioning the PPPs in the Mandals.

The refresher training programme in PY-III shall include in brief the specific

training modules that would be formulated on the basis of experience gained during the

previous years of Project implementation.

The MAO training programmes conducted in PY-I followed by refresher training in

PY-III will include the training modules like crop oriented package of practices, INM,

IPM, Vermicompost, on-farm water management, enhancement of on-farm, off-farm

income activities – Agri-enterprises development, and other emerging and identified areas.

The training modules will cover location specific crop oriented technologies, for NSS(R)

and NSS(L) separately.

The PPP Training programme will be conducted in five batches @ 26 members /per

batch. The training material prepared by NSS Cell will be distributed to the trainees.

Resource persons from ANGRAU/DOA and other allied departments will impart Training

on implementation of their respective components.

Trainings to farmers (WUAs, RMGs/Adarsha Rythus) will be conducted by the

FTCs in the districts.

A farmer with educational background possessing ability to understand the training

and also in turn impart trainings to other farmers in the area will be selected as motivators.

The location specific literature/training material will be developed by the FTCs on

the basis of training needs of the farmers already identified through PRA exercise.

Two types of training programmes will be organized to the farmers; a) Two Day

Institutional trainings at FTCs and b) Fortnightly Field trainings.

Each batch will consist of not more than 30 farmers.

61

Training material in the form of VCDs, book-lets, leaf-lets, pamphlets will be

developed and distributed to the farmers during the trainings.

Video films on important themes like INM, IPM, Water Management crop

technologies will be shown to the farmers to make the training programme more effective.

The training modules will also cover topics on enhancing on-farm, off-farm income

activities and agro enterprises development.

The farm women trainings will be organized by KVKs of ANGRAU, NGOs

possessing required experience and expertise.

Each batch of farm women will have 30 trainees. The training modules of farm

women covers basic aspects of Agriculture Production like seed treatment, nursery care,

transplantation, fertilizer application methods, pest and disease management, preparation

and application of pesticide solution, and gender role in enhancing farm in come.

Training on the off-farm income generating activities specific to the local area are

imparted.

The institutional trainings will be organized to a batch of 30 members – mainly

motivators will be selected by the WUAs / RMGs. The trainings to motivator/farmers who

would act as Master Trainees during Project implementation period will help to sustain the

activities in post- project period.

62

Annexure- 3

Guidelines for Organizing Exposure Visits

STAFF

Exposure visits will be organized to 40 Officers in 4 batches @ 10

members/batch from PY-I to PY-VI. Two types of exposure visits will be organized;

Domestic visit (with in the country; The exposure visits will be organized to the

National Institutes of ICAR or Agricultural Universities in other States which are engaged

in the research, development and training in irrigated agriculture technology to expose the

officers of DOA to the ongoing programmes in other states including functioning of

ATMAs, and success stories of water sector improvement project (Uttar Pradesh,

Tamilnadu)

International: The exposure visits - International/abroad will be organized to

countries like China/Israel where similar agro-climatic situations prevail and commendable

work in irrigation water management has been done. The Officers of the Department will

be exposed to the research, and development in those countries and apply the technologies

relevant to our field situations in Andhra Pradesh.

An amount of Rs. 30.00 lakhs is proposed for organizing exposure visits to 40

officers (MAOs/ADAs) for domestic training .An amount of Rs. 30.00 lakhs is proposed

for organizing exposure visits to (10) Senior and Middle level officers to countries like

China, Israel, Philippines. Exposure visits for 700 farmers (WUA members/RMG

members/Adarsha Rythus/Progressive farmers) will be organized during PY-III to PY-VI

project period with financial out lay of Rs. 12.00 lakhs. Each batch will consist of 35

farmers and 700 farmers in 20 batches will be covered.

The exposure visits will be undertaken to the nearest agricultural research

station/project areas or to the areas where successful and pioneering work in irrigated

agriculture/any other farming practices is done.

63

Annexure- 4

Role and Responsibilities of staff in the Animal Husbandry

Department

At grass root level: The department is having a fairly good institutional network in

project villages. At village level, the field staff of the department (Para-Vet or Veterinary

Assistant Surgeon) will be responsible for implementing the activities at village level.

He/She will also liaise with the other project staff and members of WUA and reports to the

divisional officers.

At division level: Assistant Directors of Animal Husbandry are responsible for

overall supervision of the programme in project villages and offers guidance to the staff.

They are also responsible for capacity building capacity of staff, for arranging the required

inputs, support, medicines, conduct of camps and involving other experts for training and

screening camps. Assistant Director is to submit report to the district level officers and co-

ordinate with other project functionaries.

At district level: (Joint Director of Animal Husbandry); He is responsible for

purchase / procurement of all the inputs and supply to the Divisional Officers, deployment

of staff by transfer or deputation, monitoring and Reviewing the implementation

sanctioning the budget required for implementation through divisional officers, and

reporting to the state office.

At state level: The Additional Director (Production will be responsible for project

planning, release of funds to districts and monitoring of the progress of the work, according

administrative and technical sanctions required for procurement of various inputs and to

co-ordinate, evaluate and report to PPMU.

.

64

Annexure- 5

Terms of Reference of Project Programme Promoters (PPPs):

Placing of Project Programme Promoters at Mandal Level:

The Department of Agriculture is implementing good number of developmental

programmes in the field, besides attending on quality control of agriculture inputs. The

gross root level worker is over burdened with various programmes of both agriculture and

allied programmes. He is not in a position to concentrate on the important programmes

which mainly carries the messages of technology to the farmers like capacity building of

the farmers, organization of demonstrations, etc. This inability in organizing the

programmes successfully is inhibiting the progress. In order to have exclusive and single

line control and working on the programmes justifying the investment made under these

programmes, a gross root level worker called Project Programme Promoter (PPP) is

proposed to be positioned at the Mandal level to exclusively attend on all the field

programmes of the Project.

The PPP will be an unemployed graduate or post graduate or a diploma holder in

agriculture with sufficient experience. He will be selected by a Committee constituted

under the Chairmanship of the District Collector with Members containing the Joint

Director of Agriculture, J.D. Animal Husbandry and D.D.A. (FTC) as per the procedure

contemplated by it. They will be paid consolidated emoluments of Rs. 7,500/- per month.

The job chart for PPP is given here under.

Job Chart:

He/she should stay in a village which is centrally located so that he will be in a

positions to give the technical guidance for all the project related activities to the farmers.

He/she has to regularly interact with the farmers particularly SF,MF, and women farmers

with a focused approach on SC and ST farmers of that Mandal and educate them about the

objectives of the project and the benefits that the farmers are going to be derived at by

adopting the recommended package of practices.

He/she must identify the fields of the farmers representing highest and lowest

productivity levels equally for conducting demonstrations. The number of demonstrations

to be selected and organized in a Mandal should be a minimum of 10% of the area or the

number allotted to him/her. He she will be familiar with the ATMA concept and review the

SREP for his her respective district for the purpose of preparing annual action plans.

He/she must draw the soil samples from the fields selected for demonstrations and

get them tested with the kit to be supplied to him/her at field level and pass on the result to

the farmers then and there and get them confirmed by sending one representative sample of

the homogenous structure of the field and strictly adhere to the fertilizer recommendations

given in the soil test results.

He/she should also take up silt monitoring tests and make use of the results for

scheduling fertilizer recommendations. He/she is to attend the regular orientation training

programmes and other farmers’ training programmes proposed at on and off farms levels.

65

He/she should make necessary arrangements for the supply of critical inputs

recommended for the demonstration plots and ensure that the farmers follow the

recommended practices and apply the recommended doses of inputs in time.

He/she must once in a fortnight visit all the demonstrations laid out in the Mandal

and record his/her observations in demonstration plot register maintained for the purpose.

He/she should select the farmers for various types of training programmes and

exposure visits and arrange to send them to the venues.

He should organize field days, interactive sessions with the farmers at different

stages of the crop growth to show to the other farmers about the technological advances.

He will work in close co-ordination with the departmental staff and take technical

advises from irrigation specialists/Project Directors (DWMA)/PD (ATMA). He will

function administratively under the control of Agriculture Specialist located at ATMA unit

at district head quarters.

He/she swill attend to joint Ajamaishi work along with Revenue and Statistical

Staff. He/ she will conduct Crop Cutting Experiments in the control and demonstration

plots organized in their jurisdiction.

66

Annexure-6

Terms of Reference of Senior Extension Coordinator (SEC):

Selection Process:

Candidate should be post graduate in Agriculture Extension with a minimum of 10

years experience in handling the Agriculture related extension projects independently/as

Team Leader. He/She should have managerial & administrative skills coupled with

comprehensive field knowledge, documentation and presentation skills. The eligible

candidates may be selected upon receiving the applications in response to the

advertisement in local newspapers, by a committee headed by Commissioner of

Agriculture.

Job Chart:

The Senior Extension Coordinator is responsible for overall implementation of the

project component. He /she shall work in close coordination with the PPMU, department of

horticulture/ animal husbandry/ fisheries/ Project Directors ATMAs and all the other stake

holders. He/she is responsible for smooth functioning of the project component and

reporting.

Emoluments and Perks:

He will be provided with a hired vehicle taken on monthly hire basis for enabling

him to have dependable transportation to perform his duties. He will be paid T.A. and other

allowances admissible for the cadre of Addl. Director of agriculture in the Department with

monthly consolidated emoluments of Rs. 40,000/- per month with annual increase of Rs.

3,500 per month based on performance.

67

Annexure- 7

Terms of Reference for Agriculture Specialist

To be placed with ATMA at the District Level

Process of Selection:

Candidates with the basic degree of B.Sc.(Ag.,) with a preference given for post

graduation done is agronomy or extension, based on the Bio-data submitted in response to

the advertisement given will be selected by the committee constituting Commissioner of

Agriculture as chairman and Senior Extension Coordinator and specialist from the

ANGRAU as members and placed at the Districts head quarters of the 5 district of the NSS

area.

Job Charter:

These Agriculture Specialists will be acting as one of the technical advisors to the

ATMA at the District level and closely associating with ATMA in monitoring and

implementing the interventions proposed in the Action Plan and taken up in the district. He

will be guiding and supervising the work of project programme promoters exclusively

taken for implementing the programmes at the Mandal level. He will be planning and

organizing the demonstrations, field days exposure visits, off-and on farm training

programmes, Farmers field schools, (Polam badi) etc. He will be the main guiding force at

the District level to ensure to provide the technical knowhow to the members of the water

user associations through which water use efficiency can be increased. He will be the

contact person between the NSS Cell and the ATMA at the district level and submitting the

reports and returns to the NSS cell regularly.

Emoluments and Perks:

He will be paid Rs. 15,000/- per month and provide with a monthly hired vehicle or

T.A. for his tour and travel to the fields.

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Annexure-8

TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR CONSULTANT (HQ) AND DISTRICT CONSULTANTS

CONSULTANT (HQ): To be placed at headquarters - MANAGE, Hyderabad

Candidate having Extension / Economics post graduation with a basic degree in

agriculture and allied sectors, having minimum of 10 years experience in handling the

projects independently. He/She should have managerial & administrative skills coupled

with comprehensive field knowledge, documentation and presentation skills. The eligible

candidates may be drawn either by a search committee or upon applications received in

response to the advertisement in local newspapers and selected by a committee headed by

Director General-MANAGE.

Job Chart: The Head Quarter Consultant will act as overall in-charge and leader

of the Project Component on Technical Support to ATMAs and Backstopping WUAs. He

/she shall work in close coordination with the Project Implementing Agencies(PIAs),

department of agriculture/horticulture/ animal husbandry/ fisheries/ Project Directors

ATMAs and all the other stake holders. He/she is responsible for smooth functioning of

the project component and reporting.

CONSULTANTS AT DISTRICT LEVEL: District Consultant will be in-charge

of one district (Khammam, Guntur, Nalgonda, Krishna and Prakasham) working under the

close supervision and guidance of Consultant (HQ). Candidates having a post graduation

degree in the areas of Agri-business/ Agri-extension/ Crop Production/ Water Management

and or Dairy Sciences with a minimum of 5 years working experience shall be preferred for

the post of District Consultants. The eligible candidates may be drawn either by a search

committee or upon applications received in response to the advertisement in local

newspapers and selected by a committee headed by Director General-MANAGE.

Job Chart: He/she will work in close coordination with the Consultant (HQ) and

Project Director ATMAs of the concerned district. He will liaise with all the line

departments’ viz., agriculture, horticulture, animal husbandry, fisheries, KVKs/ research

stations, marketing and other related agencies in the district. He/she is responsible for

overall implementation of the project component in the assigned district. Also responsible

for carrying out the capacity building programs at the district level and below for all the

stake holders viz., development of core teams for preparation of District Water

Management and Agricultural Development Plan ( DWMADP), capacity building of Block

Technology Teams (BTTs), grass root level extension workers, WUAs, FIGs/ CIGs etc.

He/ she is responsible for facilitating data collection, analysis of the data, documentation

and completion of DWMADP for the district. District Consultants will work as multi-

disciplinary team in all the project districts and responsible for carrying out various project

activities.

69

Annexure-9 Andhra Pradesh Water Sector Improvement Project

IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE INTENSIFICATION & DIVERSIFICATION

FIELD CROPS (Department of Agriculture) COST TABLE

Detailed Costs

Quantities- Year wise Unit Cost

Rs.Millions Base Cost (Rs Million) – Year wise Summary Divisions

Unit

1 2 3 4 5 6 Total

1 2 3 4 5 6 Total Component Expenditure Account

I. Investment Costs

A. Nodal Unit

Renovation of Office Building

ls - 0.94 0.94 - - - 1.88 B.1_AGRI WORKS

Office Furniture ls

0.25 0.25 - - - - 0.50 B.1_AGRI EQUIPMENT_AND_M

ATERIALS

Office Equipment (computers etc)

ls 0.55 0.55 - - - - 1.10 B.1_AGRI

EQUIPMENT_AND_MATERIALS

Subtotal Nodal Unit 0.80 1.74 0.94 - - - 3.48

B. Training and Preparation of DWMADPs

Preparation of DWMADPs ls 1.50 - - - - - 1.50 B.1_AGRI TRAINING

Training of Management Staff

no. of persons 80 90 - - - - 170 0.0050 0.40 0.45 - - - - 0.85 B.1_AGRI TRAINING

Training of MAOs/PPPs

no. of persons 260 - 260 - - - 520 0.0150 3.90 - 3.90 - - - 7.80 B.1_AGRI TRAINING

Farmers' Trainings

no. of persons 8,100 8,100 8,100 8,100 8,100 8,100 48,600 0.0010 8.10 8.10 8.10 8.10 8.10 8.10 48.60 B.1_AGRI TRAINING

Specialized Trainings

no. of persons 200 200 200 200 200 200 1,200 0.0086 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.72 10.32 B.1_AGRI TRAINING

Exposure Visits

no. of visits - 20 20 20 20 20 100 0.1360 - 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 13.60 B.1_AGRI TRAINING

Training and publicity materials

ls 2.00 4.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 26.00 B.1_AGRI TRAINING

Subtotal Training and Preparation of DWMADPs

17.62 16.99 21.44 17.54 17.54 17.54 108.67

C. Demonstrations

ICM

no. of demos - 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 6,000 0.0028 - 3.36 3.36 3.36 3.36 3.36 16.80 B.1_AGRI TRAINING

Crop Intensification

no. of demos - 978 978 978 978 978 4,890 0.0020 - 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.96 9.78 B.1_AGRI TRAINING

Crop Diversification

no. of demos - 702 702 702 702 702 3,510 0.0020 - 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 7.02 B.1_AGRI TRAINING

IPNM

no. of demos 10,400 35,192 35,192 35,192 35,192 35,192 186,360 0.0002 2.13 7.21 7.21 7.21 7.21 7.21 38.20 B.1_AGRI TRAINING

70

Integrated Water Management

no. of demos - 216 216 216 216 216 1,080 0.0020 - 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 2.16 B.1_AGRI TRAINING

Integrated Pest Management

no. of demos - 5 5 5 5 5 25 0.1000 - 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 2.50 B.1_AGRI TRAINING

Innovative Pilots ls - 1.00 2.00 2.00 3.00 3.00 11.00 B.1_AGRI TRAINING

Subtotal Demonstrations 2.13 15.87 16.87 16.87 17.87 17.87 87.46

D. Strengthening Agric. Extension/Institutions

IT Equipment and Internet connectivity /a

ls

- 22.75 - - - - 22.75 B.1_AGRI EQUIPMENT_AND_M

ATERIALS

Strengthening FTCs

ls

- 18.50 - - - - 18.50 B.1_AGRI EQUIPMENT_AND_M

ATERIALS

Strengthening labs (in 5 districts)

no. of labs

- 5 - - - - 5 9.8000 - 49.00 - - - - 49.00 B.1_AGRI EQUIPMENT_AND_M

ATERIALS

Soil Testing kits

nos.

- 400 400 200 - - 1,000 0.0001 - 0.04 0.04 0.02 - - 0.10 B.1_AGRI EQUIPMENT_AND_M

ATERIALS

Strengthening of SAMETIs

ls

- 12.00 - - - - 12.00 B.1_AGRI EQUIPMENT_AND_M

ATERIALS

Monitoring and Evaluation ls

- 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 4.00 12.00 B.1_AGRI CONSULTANCIES

Subtotal Strengthening Agric. Extension/Institutions

- 104.29 2.04 2.02 2.00 4.00 114.35

Total Investment Costs

20.55 138.89 41.29 36.43 37.41 39.41 313.96

II. Recurrent Costs

A. Nodal Unit

1. Contractual Staff

Sr. Extension Coordinator

no. of persons 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 0.4800 0.48 0.48 0.48 0.48 0.48 0.48 2.88 B.1_AGRI

INC_STAFF_SALARIES

M&E Specialist

no. of persons 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 0.3600 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 2.16 B.1_AGRI

INC_STAFF_SALARIES

Agriculture Coordinator

no. of persons 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 0.3600 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 2.16 B.1_AGRI

INC_STAFF_SALARIES

Accountant ls

1 1 1 1 1 1 6 0.1800 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 1.08 B.1_AGRI INC_STAFF_SALARIE

S

Computer Operator ls

1 1 1 1 1 1 6 0.1200 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.72 B.1_AGRI INC_STAFF_SALARIE

S

Subtotal Contractual Staff

1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 9.00

2. Operational Costs ls

1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 6.00 B.1_AGRI INC_OPERATING_CO

ST

71

3. TA/DA/POL/Vehicle hire ls

1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 6.00 B.1_AGRI INC_OPERATING_CO

ST

Subtotal Nodal Unit

3.50 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.50 21.00

B. Strengthening Agricultural Extension/Institutions

Project Program Promoters

units 65 130 130 130 130 130 715 0.1320 8.58 17.16 17.16 17.16 17.16 17.16 94.38 B.1_AGRI

INC_STAFF_SALARIES

Agriculture Specialists at ATMA (at district level)

units 3 5 5 5 5 5 28 0.3000 0.90 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 8.40 B.1_AGRI

INC_STAFF_SALARIES

TA/DA/Vehicle hire and operational costs /b

ls 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 36.00 B.1_AGRI

INC_OPERATING_COST

Subtotal Strengthening Agricultural Extension/Institutions

15.48 24.66 24.66 24.66 24.66 24.66 138.78

Total Recurrent Costs

18.98 28.16 28.16 28.16 28.16 28.16 159.78

Total 39.53 167.05 69.45 64.59 65.57 67.57 473.74

72

Annexure-10

Andhra Pradesh Water Sector Improvement Project IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE INTENSIFICATION & DIVERSIFICATION

Horticultural Crops (Department of Horticulture) Cost Table

Detailed Costs Quantities - Year wise Base Cost (Rs Million) Year wise

Unit 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total

Unit Cost (Rs.

Millions) 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total Component Expenditure Account

I. Investment Costs

A. Nodal Unit

Equipment (computers) ls 0.15 - - - - - 0.15 B.2_HORTI EQUIPMENT_AND_MATERIALS

B. At District Level

1. Integrated Crop Mgmt Demostrations

Vegetables no. of demos 150 150 150 150 150 150 900 0.0219 3.29 3.29 3.29 3.29 3.29 3.29 19.71 B.2_HORTI TRAINING

Chillies no. of demos 50 50 50 50 50 50 300 0.0219 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 6.57 B.2_HORTI TRAINING

Turmeric no. of demos 20 20 20 20 20 20 120 0.0360 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 4.32 B.2_HORTI TRAINING

Subtotal Integrated Crop Mgmt Demostrations 5.10 5.10 5.10 5.10 5.10 5.10 30.60

2. Seedling Production Demonstrations (shadenet)

1000 sq mts 25 25 29 29 29 29 166 0.1300 3.25 3.25 3.77 3.77 3.77 3.77 21.58 B.2_HORTI TRAINING

3. Post Harvest Demonstrations no. of demos - 500 500 500 500 500 2,500 0.0030 - 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 7.50 B.2_HORTI TRAINING

4. Drying and Grading yard demonstrations nos. 5 5 5 - - - 15 0.7500 3.75 3.75 3.75 - - - 11.25 B.2_HORTI EQUIPMENT_AND_MATERIALS

Subtotal At District Level 12.10 13.60 14.12 10.37 10.37 10.37 70.93

C. Trainings

1. Farmers' training nos. 75 75 75 75 75 80 455 0.0050 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.40 2.28 B.2_HORTI TRAINING

2. Field Staff Training nos. 25 25 25 25 25 25 150 0.0250 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 3.75 B.2_HORTI TRAINING

3. Exposure Visits (Outside the State) nos. - 5 5 5 5 5 25 0.0900 - 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 2.25 B.2_HORTI TRAINING

4. Exposure visits (within state) nos. - 5 5 5 5 5 25 0.0540 - 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 1.35 B.2_HORTI TRAINING

5. Training material ls 0.03 0.03 - - - - 0.05 B.2_HORTI EQUIPMENT_AND_MATERIALS

6. Equipment (computers) ls 0.30 - - - - - 0.30 B.2_HORTI EQUIPMENT_AND_MATERIALS

73

Subtotal Trainings 1.33 1.75 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.75 9.98

Total Investment Costs 13.58 15.35 15.84 12.09 12.09 12.12 81.06

II. Recurrent Costs

A. Nodal Unit

TA/DA/Fuel/Vehicle hire ls 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 1.50 B.2_HORTI INC_OPERATING_COST

Operational costs ls 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 1.80 B.2_HORTI INC_OPERATING_COST

Support staff nos. 2 2 2 2 2 2 12 0.1200 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 1.44 B.2_HORTI INC_OPERATING_COST

Subtotal Nodal Unit 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 4.74

B. Operational Cost at Field Level

Operational costs ls 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 4.50 B.2_HORTI INC_OPERATING_COST

TA/DA/Fuel/Vehicle hire ls 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 7.50 B.2_HORTI INC_OPERATING_COST

Field consultants ls 20 30 40 40 40 40 210 0.1320 2.64 3.96 5.28 5.28 5.28 5.28 27.72 B.2_HORTI INC_STAFF_SALARIES

Support Staff nos. 5 5 5 5 5 5 30 0.1200 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 3.60 B.2_HORTI INC_STAFF_SALARIES

Subtotal Operational Cost at Field Level 5.24 6.56 7.88 7.88 7.88 7.88 43.32

Total Recurrent Costs 6.03 7.35 8.67 8.67 8.67 8.67 48.06

Total 19.61 22.70 24.51 20.76 20.76 20.79 129.12

74

Annexure-11

Andhra Pradesh Water Sector Improvement Project IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE INTENSIFICATION & DIVERSIFICATION

Animal Husbandry Department Cost Table

Detailed Costs Quantities – Year wise Base Cost (Rs Million) – year wise

Unit 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total

Unit Cost Rs.

Millions 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total Component Expenditure Account

I. Investment Costs

A. Nodal Unit

Upgradation of Existing Infrastructure /a ls 1.50 2.00 - - - - 3.50 B.3_LV_DEV EQUIPMENT_AND_MATERIALS

B. Nutritional Development

Fodder demonstration plots nos. - 1,000 2,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 6,000 0.0050 - 5.00 10.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 30.00 B.3_LV_DEV TRAINING

Chaff cutters (for WUAs) nos. - 30 30 30 30 30 150 0.0150 - 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 2.25 B.3_LV_DEV EQUIPMENT_AND_MATERIALS

Subtotal Nutritional Development - 5.45 10.45 5.45 5.45 5.45 32.25

C. Fertility Management

Fertility /health camps nos. 800 800 800 800 800 800 4,800 0.0050 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 24.00 B.3_LV_DEV TRAINING

Equipment ls - 13.25 - - - - 13.25 B.3_LV_DEV EQUIPMENT_AND_MATERIALS

Extension material ls - 3.00 - - - - 3.00 B.3_LV_DEV TRAINING

Sheep Breed Improvement nos. - 1,500 2,000 1,500 - - 5,000 0.0020 - 3.00 4.00 3.00 - - 10.00 B.3_LV_DEV EQUIPMENT_AND_MATERIALS

Subtotal Fertility Management 4.00 23.25 8.00 7.00 4.00 4.00 50.25

D. Health

1. Save calves, deworming and vaccinations

sets (per 000') - 252 252 252 252 252 1,260 0.0060 - 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 1.51 7.56 B.3_LV_DEV EQUIPMENT_AND_MATERIALS

2. Upgradation of facilities at VBRI, Hyderabad ls 20.00 - - - - - 20.00 B.3_LV_DEV EQUIPMENT_AND_MATERIALS

3. Strengthen vet institutions

75

Automatic sheep vaccination/deworming guns nos. 537 - - - - - 537 0.0060 3.22 - - - - - 3.22 B.3_LV_DEV EQUIPMENT_AND_MATERIALS

Diagnostic kits nos. - 211 - - - - 211 0.0350 - 7.39 - - - - 7.39 B.3_LV_DEV EQUIPMENT_AND_MATERIALS

Vaccine storage facilities nos. - 211 - - - - 211 0.0090 - 1.90 - - - - 1.90 B.3_LV_DEV EQUIPMENT_AND_MATERIALS

Trevises (livestock restraints) nos. - 190 190 200 - - 580 0.0070 - 1.33 1.33 1.40 - - 4.06 B.3_LV_DEV EQUIPMENT_AND_MATERIALS

Subtotal Strengthen vet institutions 3.22 10.61 1.33 1.40 - - 16.57

Subtotal Health 23.22 12.13 2.84 2.91 1.51 1.51 44.13

E. Training

Project awareness campaign nos. 552 - - - - - 552 0.0020 1.10 - - - - - 1.10 B.3_LV_DEV TRAINING

Advanced training for Veterinary staff nos. 25 25 25 25 25 25 150 0.0500 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 7.50 B.3_LV_DEV TRAINING

Training of paravets and extension officers

(sheep and goat) nos. 100 82 - 50 - - 232 0.0060 0.60 0.49 - 0.30 - - 1.39 B.3_LV_DEV TRAINING

Farmers' training nos. 1,000 3,000 4,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 14,000 0.0002 0.20 0.60 0.80 0.40 0.40 0.40 2.80 B.3_LV_DEV TRAINING

Exposure visits for farmers nos. - 400 400 260 100 - 1,160 0.0006 - 0.25 0.25 0.16 0.06 - 0.73 B.3_LV_DEV TRAINING

Subtotal Training 3.15 2.59 2.30 2.11 1.71 1.65 13.52

Total Investment Costs 31.88 45.42 23.59 17.47 12.67 12.61 143.65

II. Recurrent Costs

A. Nodal Unit/Districts

Operational costs for Nodal Unit ls 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 3.00 B.3_LV_DEV INC_OPERATING_COST

Technical staff costs /b no. of

persons 6 6 6 6 6 6 36 0.1200 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 4.32 B.3_LV_DEV INC_STAFF_SALARIES

TA/DA/vehicle hire/Operational cost for Field staff /c ls 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 12.00 B.3_LV_DEV INC_OPERATING_COST

Total Recurrent Costs 3.22 3.22 3.22 3.22 3.22 3.22 19.32

Total 35.10 48.64 26.81 20.69 15.89 15.83 162.97

\a Upgradation of existing infrastructure at State Management Institute for Livestock Development

\b Technical staff one at State level (SMILDA) and one at each District level project cell

\c travel allowances/vehicle hire charges/POL/operational costs for State,field staff and District level monitoring officers

76

Annexure-12

Andhra Pradesh Water Sector Improvement Project IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE INTENSIFICATION & DIVERSIFICATION

Live Stock development Agency (Animal Husbandry Department ) Cost Table

Detailed Costs Quantities – Year wise Base Cost (Rs Million) –Year wise

Unit 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total

Unit Cost Rs.

Millions 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total Component Expenditure

Account

I. Investment Costs

A. Establishment of Gopalamitras

Training of Gopalamitras nos. 160 140 - - - - 300 0.0100 1.60 1.40 - - - - 3.00 B.3_LV_DEV TRAINING

Artificial Insemination Equipment nos. 150 132 - - - - 282 0.0150 2.25 1.98 - - - - 4.23 B.3_LV_DEV EQUIPMENT_AND

_MATERIALS

Subtotal Establishment of Gopalamitras 3.85 3.38 - - - - 7.23

B. Natural breeding Service

Deployment of Bulls nos. - 10 10 7 - - 27 0.0250 - 0.25 0.25 0.18 - - 0.68 B.3_LV_DEV EQUIPMENT_AND

_MATERIALS

Frozen Semen Production

nos (per 000') 50 100 100 150 - - 400 0.0100 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.50 - - 4.00 B.3_LV_DEV

EQUIPMENT_AND_MATERIALS

Liquid Nitrogen

per 000' litres - 10 20 30 - - 60 0.0060 - 0.06 0.12 0.18 - - 0.36 B.3_LV_DEV

EQUIPMENT_AND_MATERIALS

LN Storage containers nos. - 20 20 10 - - 50 0.0200 - 0.40 0.40 0.20 - - 1.00 B.3_LV_DEV EQUIPMENT_AND

_MATERIALS

Frozen Semen Storage containers nos. - 10 10 5 - - 25 0.0280 - 0.28 0.28 0.14 - - 0.70 B.3_LV_DEV EQUIPMENT_AND

_MATERIALS

Subtotal Natural breeding Service 0.50 1.99 2.05 2.20 - - 6.74

C. Training

Farmers' training nos. - 100 150 150 100 100 600 0.0010 - 0.10 0.15 0.15 0.10 0.10 0.60 B.3_LV_DEV TRAINING

Total Investment Costs 4.35 5.47 2.20 2.35 0.10 0.10 14.57

II. Recurrent Costs

A. Establishment of Goplamitras

Sustenance Allowance nos. 150 132 - - - - 282 0.0144 2.16 1.90 - - - - 4.06 B.3_LV_DEV INC_OPERATING_

COST

B. Operational Costs ls 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 1.80 B.3_LV_DEV INC_OPERATING_

COST

Total Recurrent Costs 2.46 2.20 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 5.86

Total 6.81 7.67 2.50 2.65 0.40 0.40 20.43

77

Annexure-13

Andhra Pradesh Water Sector Improvement Project

IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE INTENSIFICATION & DIVERSIFICATION

Fisheries Production (Department of Fisheries) Cost Table

Detailed Costs Quantities – Year wise Base Cost (Rs Million) – Year wise

Unit 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total

Unit Cost Rs

Millions 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total Component Expenditure Account

I. Investment Costs

A. N S Project

Supply of fish seed (100 mm size) nos. 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 27 1.0000 4.50 4.50 4.50 4.50 4.50 4.50 27.00 B.4_FSH EQUIPMENT_AND_MA

TERIALS

Formation of Fisher group nos. 20 40 40 40 20 - 160 0.0050 0.10 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.10 - 0.80 B.4_FSH TRAINING

construction of platforms nos. 2 2 2 2 2 2 12 0.5000 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 6.00 B.4_FSH WORKS

Extension of Training Center ls - 1.00 - - - - 1.00 B.4_FSH WORKS

Earthen Rearing Ponds ls 0.70 0.70 - - - - 1.40 B.4_FSH WORKS

Subtotal N S Project 6.30 7.40 5.70 5.70 5.60 5.50 36.20

B. M.I. Tanks

Demonstration on Best Management Practices nos. 10 10 10 10 10 10 60 0.1000 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 6.00 B.4_FSH TRAINING

Exposure visits members 100 100 100 100 100 100 600 0.0010 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.60 B.4_FSH TRAINING

Water Analysis kits nos. 10 10 10 10 10 10 60 0.0050 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.30 B.4_FSH EQUIPMENT_AND_MA

TERIALS

Upgradation of retail fish market nos. - 3 2 - - - 5 0.5000 - 1.50 1.00 - - - 2.50 B.4_FSH WORKS

Subtotal M.I. Tanks 1.15 2.65 2.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 9.40

C. Fish Culture Ponds

Training on best management practices nos. 50 50 50 50 50 40 290 0.0020 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.08 0.58 B.4_FSH TRAINING

Total Investment Costs 7.55 10.15 7.95 6.95 6.85 6.73 46.18

II. Recurrent Costs

A. Nodal Unit - Operational costs ls 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 2.40 B.4_FSH INC_OPERATING_CO

ST

B. M.I. Tanks - Operational costs (districts) ls 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 6.00 B.4_FSH INC_OPERATING_CO

ST

Total Recurrent Costs 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40 8.40

Total 8.95 11.55 9.35 8.35 8.25 8.13 54.58

78

Annexure-14

Andhra Pradesh Water Sector Improvement Project

IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE INTENSIFICATION & DIVERSIFICATION

Adaptive Research (ANGRA University) Cost Table

Detailed Costs - QuantitiesYear wise Base Cost (Rs Million) – Year wise

Unit 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total

Unit Cost Rs.

Millions 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total Component Expenditure

Account

I. Investment Costs

A. Nodal Unit at University

Office Equipment ls 0.50 - - - - - 0.50 B.5_ADAPT.RES EQUIPMENT_AND

_MATERIALS

Workshops nos. 1 - - - - 1 2 0.0600 0.06 - - - - 0.06 0.12 B.5_ADAPT.RES TRAINING

Subtotal Nodal Unit at University 0.56 - - - - 0.06 0.62

B. Adaptive Research/Demonstrations

Office Equipment for Centers ls 0.60 - - - - - 0.60 B.5_ADAPT.RES EQUIPMENT_AND

_MATERIALS

Demonstrations/trials nos. 45 90 90 90 90 90 495 0.0250 1.13 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.25 12.38 B.5_ADAPT.RES TRAINING

Data collection/farmers' mobilization ls 45 90 90 90 90 90 495 0.0100 0.45 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 4.95 B.5_ADAPT.RES TRAINING

Equipment - lab and field ls - 10.00 - - - - 10.00 B.5_ADAPT.RES EQUIPMENT_AND

_MATERIALS

Field days nos. 15 30 30 30 30 30 165 0.0150 0.23 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 2.48 B.5_ADAPT.RES TRAINING

Subtotal Adaptive Research/Demonstrations 2.40 13.60 3.60 3.60 3.60 3.60 30.40

C. Training

Training of Dept. Staff nos. 5 5 5 5 5 5 30 0.1000 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 3.00 B.5_ADAPT.RES TRAINING

Farmers' Training nos. 15 30 30 30 30 30 165 0.0600 0.90 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 9.90 B.5_ADAPT.RES TRAINING

Subtotal Training 1.40 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.30 12.90

Total Investment Costs 4.36 15.90 5.90 5.90 5.90 5.96 43.92

II. Recurrent Costs

A. Nodal Unit at University

Operational costs ls 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.60 B.5_ADAPT.RES INC_OPERATING_

COST

79

TA/DA/vehicle hire ls 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.60 B.5_ADAPT.RES INC_OPERATING_

COST

Contractual Staff nos. 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 0.0600 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.36 B.5_ADAPT.RES INC_STAFF_SALA

RIES

Contractual Services ls 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 1.80 B.5_ADAPT.RES INC_OPERATING_

COST

Subtotal Nodal Unit at University 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 3.36

B. Adaptive Research/Demonstrations

Contractual Staff nos. 5 5 5 5 5 5 30 0.0600 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 1.80 B.5_ADAPT.RES INC_STAFF_SALA

RIES

TA/DA/Vehicle hire/Operational costs ls 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 4.80 B.5_ADAPT.RES INC_OPERATING_

COST

Subtotal Adaptive Research/Demonstrations 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 6.60

Total Recurrent Costs 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.66 9.96

Total 6.02 17.56 7.56 7.56 7.56 7.62 53.88

80

Annexure-15

Andhra Pradesh Water Sector Improvement Project

IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE INTENSIFICATION & DIVERSIFICATION

Support to ATMA (MANAGE) Cost Table

Detailed Costs Quantities – Year wise Base Cost (Rs Million) – Year wise

Unit 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total

Unit Cost Rs.

Millions 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total Component Expenditure

Account

I. Investment Costs

A. Nodal Unit

1. Office Equipment

Desktop computers nos. 5 - - - - - 5 0.0500 0.25 - - - - - 0.25 B.6_EXTN EQUIPMENT_AND_

MATERIALS

laptop computers nos. 6 - - - - - 6 0.0500 0.30 - - - - - 0.30 B.6_EXTN EQUIPMENT_AND_

MATERIALS

LCD Projector nos. 2 - - - - - 2 0.2500 0.50 - - - - - 0.50 B.6_EXTN EQUIPMENT_AND_

MATERIALS

Fax machine nos. 1 - - - - - 1 0.0500 0.05 - - - - - 0.05 B.6_EXTN EQUIPMENT_AND_

MATERIALS

Xerox machine nos. 1 - - - - - 1 0.1500 0.15 - - - - - 0.15 B.6_EXTN EQUIPMENT_AND_

MATERIALS

Scanner nos. 1 - - - - - 1 0.0500 0.05 - - - - - 0.05 B.6_EXTN EQUIPMENT_AND_

MATERIALS

Subtotal Office Equipment 1.30 - - - - - 1.30

2. Office furnishing ls 0.50 0.50 - - - - 1.00 B.6_EXTN EQUIPMENT_AND_

MATERIALS

Subtotal Nodal Unit 1.80 0.50 - - - - 2.30

B. Preparation and Operation of DWMADP

Preparation of DWMADPs ls 2.00 - - - - - 2.00 B.6_EXTN TRAINING

Capacity Building of WUAs nos. - 500 500 500 500 500 2,500 0.0015 - 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 3.75 B.6_EXTN TRAINING

Capacity Building of District Level line Dept functionaries nos. 30 30 30 30 30 - 150 0.0060 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 - 0.90 B.6_EXTN TRAINING

Capacity Building of MAO and other line Depts nos. 100 100 100 100 100 - 500 0.0150 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 - 7.50 B.6_EXTN TRAINING

Capacity Building of PPP nos. - 260 260 260 260 260 1,300 0.0045 - 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 5.85 B.6_EXTN TRAINING

Capacity Building programs on market led

extensions for WUAs nos. - 500 500 500 500 500 2,500 0.0010 - 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 2.50 B.6_EXTN TRAINING

81

State Level workshops/Buyer Seller Meets nos. 100 100 100 100 100 100 600 0.0040 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 2.40 B.6_EXTN TRAINING

Value Chain Development ls - 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 0.50 3.00 B.6_EXTN TRAINING

Subtotal Preparation and Operation of DWMADP 4.08 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.50 3.32 27.90

Total Investment Costs 5.88 5.50 5.00 5.00 5.50 3.32 30.20

II. Recurrent Costs

A. Nodal Unit

TA/DA/vehicle hire ls 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 3.00 B.6_EXTN INC_OPERATING_C

OST

Operational costs ls 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 6.00 B.6_EXTN INC_OPERATING_C

OST

Subtotal Nodal Unit 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 9.00

B. Operation of DWMADP

1. Contractual Services

Headquarter consultant Nos. 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 0.8400 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 5.04 B.6_EXTN INC_STAFF_SALAR

IES

District consultant Nos. 5 5 5 5 5 5 30 0.5000 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 15.00 B.6_EXTN INC_STAFF_SALAR

IES

Accountant Nos. 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 0.1800 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 1.08 B.6_EXTN INC_STAFF_SALAR

IES

Computer Operator cum typist Nos. 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 0.1200 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.72 B.6_EXTN INC_STAFF_SALAR

IES

Subtotal Contractual Services 3.64 3.64 3.64 3.64 3.64 3.64 21.84

Total Recurrent Costs 5.14 5.14 5.14 5.14 5.14 5.14 30.84

Total 11.02 10.64 10.14 10.14 10.64 8.46 61.04