Complex Antenna System Design
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Transcript of Complex Antenna System Design
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Complex AntennaSystem DesignPresenter:
Ansoft Corporation
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Objective
Design low-cost phased array system on
aircraft platform leveraging suite of Ansofttools
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3D EM/Circuit/System Approach
HFSS Dynamic Link
PlanarEM Co-simulation
L i n e a r / N o n l i n e a r S u b -
S y s t e m
L i n
e ar / N
onl i n
e ar
S u
b -
C i r c
ui t
HFSS/Designer Co-simulation
Data Link
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Benefits of Integrated SolutionEfficiency via HFSS-HFSS Datalink
Source
Target
Result
Modified Target
Result
Finite Array w/FSS
Datalink enables solution of very large antenna problems while minimizingcompute time and RAM useage
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HFSS-HFSS Datalink on Aircraft
Source
Target
Target
Vivaldi ArrayHigh-passFSS Radome
HFSS-HFSS data link permits efficient solution of very large problems onaircraft platform including antenna placement, radome interaction
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Benefits of Integrated Solution Added Capability via Designer-HFSS Co-design, pushed excitations
Perform synthesis and optimization in Designer using parameterized modelsgenerated in HFSS solve using DSO option to maximize throughput
Push excitations to HFSS model to determine nonlinear effects of activecomponents on transmit radiation pattern
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System DesignMulti-frequency, Full-duplex, Phased Array Antenna System
Four-element Vivaldi Array with low-noise amplifier, power amplifier, dualmultiplexers enables simultaneous transmit and receive over broad bandwidth.
Goal: Two transmit frequencies and two receive frequencies operatingsimultaneously using the same antenna array.
Benefits: Low-cost, scalable to large arrays with module approach
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Module Detail
ViValdi Radiator Microstrip
Multiplexer
Microstrip
Multiplexer
PhaseShifter
Tx
RxLNA
PA
-- Broadband Performance-- Good cross pol. isolation -- Low Loss
-- Good Isolation-- Enables full-duplex operation
The transceiver was designed to transmit at 10 or 19 GHz and receive at12 or 21 GHz following the approach of Yun, Wang et.al. [1]
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Analysis Approach
ViValdi Radiator MicrostripMultiplexer
MicrostripMultiplexer
Phase
Shifter
Tx
RxLNA
PA
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Vivaldi Analysis
Analyzed in HFSS using User Defined
Part (UDP) Single element design optimization
4x1 Element Array
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Single Element
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Return Loss vs Frequency
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00Freq [GHz]
-40.00
-35.00
-30.00
-25.00
-20.00
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
d B ( S t ( t 1
, t 1 ) )
Ansoft Corporation SingleElement_PMLReturnLoss
Curve InfodB(St(t1,t1))
Setup1 : Sweep1
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-4.00
-0.50
3.00
6.50
90
60
30
0
-30
-60
-90
-120
-150
-180
150
120
Rad_10GHz
Far Field Patterns 10 GHz
Original_PML
Curve Info
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sw eep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sw eep2Phi='90deg'
0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00Theta [deg]
-8.00
-6.00
-4.00
-2.00
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
d B ( G a
i n T o
t a l )
Ansoft Corporation SingleElement_PML2D_10GHz
Curve Info
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg'
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-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
90
60
30
0
-30
-60
-90
-120
-150
-180
150
120
Original_PMLRad_12GHz
Curve Info
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg'
Far Field Patterns 12 GHz
Original_PML
Curve Info
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg'
0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00Theta [deg]
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
d B ( G a
i n T o
t a l )
Ansoft Corporation SingleElement_PML2D_12GHz
Curve InfodB(GainTotal)
Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg'
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-20.00
-10.00
0.00
10.00
90
60
30
0
-30
-60
-90
-120
-150
-180
150
120
Rad_19GHz
Far Field Patterns 19 GHz
Original_PML
Curve Info
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg'
0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00Theta [deg]
-30.00
-25.00
-20.00
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
d B
( G a
i n T o
t a l )
Ansoft Corporation SingleElement_PML2D_19GHz
Curve InfodB(GainTotal)
Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg'
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Far Field Patterns 21 GHz
-20.00
-10.00
0.00
10.00
90
60
30
0
-30
-60
-90
-120
-150
-180
150
120
Rad_21GHz
Original_PML
Curve Info
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg'
0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00
Theta [deg]
-25.00
-20.00
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
d B ( G a
i n T o
t a l )
Ansoft Corporation SingleElement_PML2D_21GHz
Curve InfodB(GainTotal)
Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg'
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4x1 Array at 21 GHz
All Figures are with eachelement excited with 1 Voltat 0 Phase.
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Far Field Patterns 10 GHz
-20.00
-10.00
0.00
10.00
90
60
30
0
-30
-60
-90
-120
-150
-180
150
120
Rad_10GHz
Original_4x1_Array
Curve Info
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sw eep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sw eep2
Phi='90deg' 0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00Theta [deg]
-25.00
-20.00
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
d B ( G a
i n T o
t a l )
Ansoft Corporation 4x1_Array2D_10Ghz
Curve InfodB(GainTotal)
Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg'
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Far Field Patterns 12 GHz
-20.00
-10.00
0.00
10.00
90
60
30
0
-30
-60
-90
-120
-150
-180
150
120
Rad_12GHz
Original_4x1_Array
Curve Info
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sw eep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sw eep2
Phi='90deg'0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00
Theta [deg]
-25.00
-20.00
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
d B ( G a
i n T o
t a l )
Ansoft Corporation 4x1_Array2D_12GHz
Curve InfodB(GainTotal)
Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg'
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Far Field Patterns 19 GHz
-28.00
-16.00
-4.00
8.00
90
60
30
0
-30
-60
-90
-120
-150
-180
150
120
Rad_19GHz
Original_4x1_Array
Curve Info
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg'
0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00Theta [deg]
-30.00
-25.00
-20.00
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
d B ( G a
i n T o
t a l )
Ansoft Corporation 4x1_Array2D_19GHz
Curve InfodB(GainTotal)
Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg'
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Far Field Patterns 21 GHz
-36.00
-22.00
-8.00
6.00
90
60
30
0
-30
-60
-90
-120
-150
-180
150
120
Rad_21GHz
Original_4x1_Array
Curve Info
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sw eep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sw eep2Phi='90deg'
0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00Theta [deg]
-40.00
-30.00
-20.00
-10.00
0.00
10.00
20.00
d B ( G
a i n T o
t a l )
Ansoft Corporation 4x1_Array2D_21GHz
Curve Info
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : LastAdaptivePhi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : LastAdaptivePhi='90deg'
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Beam Steering4x1 Array
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60 Degree Phase Increments 21GHz
21 GHz
21 GHz
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60 Degree Phase Increments 10GHz
10 GHz
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Far Field,10GHz, 4X1 60 degree
-17.00
-9.00
-1.00
7.00
90
60
30
0
-30
-60
-90
-120
-150
-180
150
120
_
Curve Info
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg'
0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00Theta [deg]
-25.00
-20.00
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
d B ( G a
i n T o
t a l )
Ansoft Corporation 4x1_Array2D_10Ghz
Curve Info
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg'
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Far Field,12GHz, 4X1 60 degree
-28.00
-16.00
-4.00
8.00
90
60
30
0
-30
-60
-90
-120
-150
-180
150
120
Rad_12GHz
4x1_Array
Curve Info
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg' 0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00
Theta [deg]
-30.00
-25.00
-20.00
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
d B ( G a
i n T o
t a l )
Ansoft Corporation 4x1_Array2D_12GHz
Curve InfodB(GainTotal)
Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'dB(GainTotal)
Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg'
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Far Field,19GHz, 4X1 60 degree
-28.00
-16.00
-4.00
8.00
90
60
30
0
-30
-60
-90
-120
-150
-180
150
120
Rad_19GHz
4x1_Array
Curve Info
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg'
0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00Theta [deg]
-30.00
-25.00
-20.00
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
d B ( G a
i n T o
t a l )
Ansoft Corporation 4x1_Array2D_19GHz
Curve InfodB(GainTotal)
Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'dB(GainTotal)
Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg'
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Far Field, 21GHz, 4X1 60 degree
-28.00
-16.00
-4.00
8.00
90
60
30
0
-30
-60
-90
-120
-150
-180
150
120
Rad_21GHz
4x1_Array
Curve Info
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg'
0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00Theta [deg]
-40.00
-30.00
-20.00
-10.00
0.00
10.00
20.00
d B ( G a
i n T o
t a l )
Ansoft Corporation 4x1_Array2D_21GHz
Curve InfodB(GainTotal)
Setup1 : LastAdaptivePhi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : LastAdaptivePhi='90deg'
h
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120 Degree Phase Increments 21GHz
21 GHz
120 D Ph I 10GH
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120 Degree Phase Increments 10GHz
10 GHz
F Fi ld 10GH 4X1 120 d
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Far Field,10GHz, 4X1 120 degree
-18.00
-11.00
-4.00
3.00
90
60
30
0
-30
-60
-90
-120
-150
-180
150
120
Rad_10GHz
4x1_Array
Curve Info
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg' 0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00
Theta [deg]
-20.00
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
d B ( G a
i n T o
t a l )
Ansoft Corporation 4x1_Array2D_10Ghz
Curve InfodB(GainTotal)
Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg'
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F Fi ld 19GH 4X1 120 d
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Far Field,19GHz, 4X1 120 degree
-28.00
-16.00
-4.00
8.00
90
60
30
0
-30
-60
-90
-120
-150
-180
150
120
Rad_19GHz
4x1_Array
Curve Info
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg'
0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00Theta [deg]
-40.00
-30.00
-20.00
-10.00
0.00
10.00
20.00
d B ( G a
i n T o
t a l )
Ansoft Corporation 4x1_Array2D_19GHz
Curve InfodB(GainTotal)
Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg'
F Fi ld 21GH 4X1 120 d g
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Far Field, 21GHz, 4X1 120 degree
-28.00
-16.00
-4.00
8.00
90
60
30
0
-30
-60
-90
-120
-150
-180
150
120
Rad_21GHz
4x1_Array
Curve Info
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : Sweep2Phi='90deg'
0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00Theta [deg]
-25.00
-20.00
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
d B ( G a
i n T o
t a l )
Ansoft Corporation 4x1_Array2D_21GHz
Curve InfodB(GainTotal)
Setup1 : LastAdaptivePhi='0deg'
dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : LastAdaptivePhi='90deg'
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Transceiver System Analysis
Transceiver System
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Transceiver System
Analysis Approach
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Analysis Approach
HFSS Dynamic Link
PlanarEM Co-simulation
L i n e a r / N o n l i n e a r S u b - S y s t e m
L i n
e ar / N
onl i n
e ar
S u b - C i r c
ui
t
HFSS/Designer Co-simulation
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Multiplexer Design
BPF
BPF
BPF
BPF
10 GHz
21 GHz
12 GHz
19 GHz
Common Antenna Port
From Power Amp To LNA Arrows trace the signal path
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Microstrip Multiplexer
Transmit Channels: 10Ghz, 19GHzReceive Channels: 12Ghz, 21GHz
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Combining the filtersOptimizing theReceive Channels: 12Ghz, 21GHz
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Optimizing the two branches
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How does it all come together
10 GHz12 GHz
19 GHz
Surface current animation at various frequency bands
l
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Low-Frequency Results
Multiplexer Low Frequency simulation: 8GHz to 14GHz
i h l
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High-Frequency Results
Multiplexer High Frequency Simulation: 18GHz to 22GHz
TR M d l
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TR ModuleNow add the active components to the Designer analysis
A i C D il
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Active Component Details
TGA8310 TGA8334 TGA1342
Broadband LNABroadband LNA Broadband Power Amplifier
TriQuint Semiconductor, Richardson,Texas
Transmit: Power Amp Section: TGA8310, 2xTGA8334Receive: Low Noise Amp Section: 2xTGA1342, TGA8310
TR Module Transmit Results
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TR Module Transmit Results
TR ModulePort1 Port2
10GHz Transmit Channel: Gain=20.61dB; S11=-17dB
PA/LNA/Multiplexer at Low Frequency
TR Module Receive Results
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TR Module Receive Results
TR ModulePort1 Port2
12GHz Receive Channel: Gain=24.16dB; S11=-14.3dB
PA/LNA/Multiplexer at Low Frequency
Gain/Power Compression
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Gain/Power Compression
Compression vs Swept Frequency
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Low Freq Transmit Band
TR Module Summary
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yReceive Section (LNAs) @ 12GHzTransmit Section (PAs) @ 10GHz
Transmit Section (PAs) @ 19GHz Receive Section (LNAs) @ 21GHz
TR Module Summary
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y
TR Module NF BudgetLNA SectionFreq: 21GHz Channel
Overall TR NF: 8.3dB
TR Module P1dB BudgetPwr Amp SectionFreq: 19GHz ChannelOverall TR P1dB: 24.95dBm
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HFSS-Designer DynamicLink w/Pushed Excitations
Examine non-linear activecomponents impact on beam
scanning
Pushed Excitations
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Objective: Determine impact of variations associated with theT/R modules active components on far-field antenna pattern
Approach: Model effect in Designer and push these excitationsas inputs to HFSS posts using Dynamic Link, examine results
Phase Imbalance Example
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Consider Case of Phase Imbalance Associated with Power Amplifier Compression in Transmit Channel at 10GHz
Compression at -28dBm input pow er
Phase Imbalance Example
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Consider case of phase imbalance associated withpower amplifier compression in Transmit channel
Baseline -- no compression
Study Case Compression modeledin Designer and pushed to HFSS
Quantify effectthrough comparisonsof far fields
Build compensationtables to achieve
desired results
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Analysis Approach Summary
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Linear/non-linear subcircuit analysis
Linear/non-linear subsystem analysis PlanarEM co-simulation HFSS Dynamic Link Pushed Excitations Designer-HFSS
First-PassSystemSuccess
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Integration on Aircraft
Build Aircraft Model in HFSS
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HFSS-HFSS Data Link
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HFSS HFSS Data Link HFSS Data Link allows the Near-Field or Far-
Field data from one HFSS design as thesource excitation in another HFSS design
The source design is solved separately fromthe target design and placed as the sourceexcitation in the target design
The iterative solver along with higher orderbasis functions allows for larger geometriessuch as an aircraft to be simulated
Source Design
Target Design
Position o f Source Design
Integrate Vivaldi Array in Wing
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g V y W g
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Summary
ApproachHFSS/Designer
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HFSS Dynamic Link
PlanarEM Co-simulation
L i n e a r / N o n l i n e a r S u b -
S y s t e m
L i n
e ar / N
onl i n
e ar
S u b -
C i r c
ui t
Co-simulation
Data Link
Conclusion
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Phased Array Antenna System Four Element Vivaldi Phased Array Analyzed in HFSS Complete System Analysis Performed in Designer Dynamic Link of Designer with HFSS Demonstrated
Integration on Aircraft
Demonstrated HFSS Data Link of Antenna System toHost Platform Utilized Symmetry Planes to Maximize Efficiency
Key to Success: Effective Linkage of Multiple Ansoft Tools
References
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[1] T.-Y. Yun, C. Wang, P. Zepeda, C.T. Rodenbeck, M.R. Coutant,
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