And how to survive to this difficult verb tense

It is an action that happened in the past but has some kind of relation with the present.

++ subject + have / has + past participleI have cleaned my shoesShe has finished her homework-- subject + haven’t / hasn’t + past

participleI haven’t cleaned my shoesShe hasn’t finished her homework?? have / has + subject + past participle?Have you cleaned your shoes?Has she finished her homework?

PRESENT PERFECT is used to express personal experiences when you don’t say exactly when they happened.

The time expressions ever and never are very often used with this meaning

PRESENT PERFECT is used to describe recent events without a definite time. The idea of time or place in the speaker’s mind makes the event recent.

A time expression which emphasizes recentness is just.

They’ve just got marriedThey’ve just got married

ALREADY: We use it in affirmative sentences to say that something happened before now or earlier than expected.

YET: We use it in negative and interrogative sentences to ask if something that you think is going to happen, has happened or to say it hasn’t happened.

PRESENT PERFECT is used to express actions that started in the past and continue to the present, the time period is not finished.

We use for and since with this meaning. We use for with periods of time and since with points of time. We use How long? to ask about the duration of an action.

HAVE BEEN HAVE GONE

We lived in Glasgow for six years but now we live in Singapour We’ve lived in Singapour for six years

PAST SIMPLEWe use it to talk about a

finished period of time in the past.

We also use it to talk about past experiences when we specify when they occurred.

PRESENT PERFECTWe use it to talk about a

period of time from the past until now.

We also use it to talk about past experiences but we don’t mention when they happened exactly.

1) He is still in the hospital2) He’s not in the hospital anymore