PROPOSAL FINAL PROJECT

DESIGN PROTOTYPE OF SMART HOME FOR MONITORING

AND CONTROLLING LAMPS SWITCHES BASED ON ARDUINO

SYSTEM

Arrange as one of requirement to finish the educational S1

at Department of Electrical Faculty Engineering

Universitas Muhamadiyah Surakarta

Written by :

ILHAM NUR ZAKARIA

D400112006

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL FACULTY ENGINEERING

UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA

2015

APPROVAL

PROPOSAL FINAL PROJECT

DESIGN PROTOTYPE OF SMART HOME FOR MONITORING AND CONTROLLING LAMPS SWITCHES BASED ON ARDUINO

SYSTEM

Written by :

Ilham Nur Zakaria

D400112006

Arrange as one of requirement to finish the educational S1

Department of Electrical Faculty Engineering

Universitas Muhamadiyah Surakarta

Has been approved and endorsed by :

The lectures at date : …………………………….

Supervisor 1 Supervisor 2

Bana Handaga , PhD Dedi Ary Prasetya, ST

I. INTRODUCTION

I.1 Background

The house is a place where people live to take refuge from the

influence of the circumstances surrounding nature such as rain, sun, etc. It

is also a place to rest after work or performs activities during the day.

Every man would need a place to stay and spend time with their family,

which is why the house became the basic human needs. Security has

become main problem in home. It can make people calm and feel save

when they are inside or outside the home. It is the reason why people make

security to their home.

The concept of Smart Home is popular today but still rarely used in

Indonesia. Smart Home is a technology that makes the house into a smart

and automatic. Typically, this technology has the automation or manual

systems to control lighting, security and many other functions. This system

integrates an electronic control with just a button connected to the

telecommunication system is simple. There are several concepts of

communication systems within the Smart Home such as Global System for

Mobile Communication (GSM), microwaves, infrared (IR), radio

frequency (RF), Bluetooth, Programmable Logic Controller (PLC),

Platform, Wi-Fi and WLAN.

Based on Background above, in this final project will be made

simulation design Prototype of Smart Home for monitoring and controlling

the lamps switches-based on Arduino system.

I.2 Research Problems

Based on the background, there are some problems in this final

project could be defined, as follows:

a. How to make a prototype of a smart home controller to switches

control for lamps.

b. How to build a system that can maintain and monitor the house when

the owner of the house away.

I.3 Limitation of the study

The final project is restricted to a few conditions:

a. The prototype of this smart home has two main rooms, one

bedroom and kitchens.

b. It has two motion sensors using PIR (passive infrared) and a

temperature sensor (LM35).

c. There are four rooms in it and every room has a switches control

for lamps.

d. The smart home prototype is connected via internet network using

Ethernet.

e. There is information or report when electrical source off suddenly

I.4 The objectives

The objectives of this thesis are:

a. Designing and making a prototype of a smart home controller for

switches control for lamps.

b. Designing and making a system that can maintain and monitor the

house when the owner of the house away.

I.5 Research Methods

a. Literature Review

Study on existing references, either in the form of books and scholarly

works related to the writing of this study.

b. Data collecting

This activity is collecting data of some datasheet, software (Arduino

Uno) and some similar equipment specifications.

c. The design of the device

1. Designing a block diagram system

2. Assemble all equipment

3. Designing and making a program to create a Web Server

4. testing the system

d. Testing the system

1. Testing internet connection

2. Testing monitoring movement with PIR sensor

3. Testing of temperature monitoring with sensor LM-35

4. Testing the control of switches lamps

e. Data analysis

Analysis of the data is on the test system.

f. Conclusions

Conclusion is made by looking at the results of system when testing

has been done.

I.6 Literature

Previous studies that have been done related to the topic, which is

used as the material for the development of the research is as follows:

Research conducted by Triawati and Arita (2014), which is has result

that Smart Home's performance is as follows: using infrared sensors and

limit switches for automatic control of the process of opening and closing

the gate, outdoor and garden lighting is activated by a light sensor, the fan

is activated by limit switches, indoor lighting is activated by limit switches

and sensors. Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) as input to activate

Relay and Timer. The weakness of this study is not able to control

remotely, only in the home environment. It also not connected to the

Internet so it can’t keep an eye on the house in real time.

Husna Mubarok M. (2013) had study of controlling a smart home

which is conducted by Scheme Multi plat form, which is a combination of

hardware (hardware) with a software framework (software). This

communication is using the Internet as a media controller with web

hosting and domain. The weakness of this study can be seen that there was

no confirmation or information when the sensor works.

Rozita Teymourzadeh. (2012) has implemented the concept of serial

communication and AT-commands to the development of smart home

automation system based on GSM. The owners will be able to receive the

response status of each household appliance under control is switch on or

off remotely from their mobile phones. The weakness of the study is still

use sms.

II. REFERENCES

2.1 Arduino Uno

The Arduino Uno is a platform that is open source in software and

hardware. Important component of the arduino is ATmega328

microcontroller with 8 bits. Arduino Uno can be powered via the USB

connection or with an external power supply. Power source is selected

automatically.

Figure 1. Arduino Uno

The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the

ATmega328 (datasheet). It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can

be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, a

USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button.

Specifications available on the Arduino Uno as follows:

a. MicrocontrollerATmega328

b. Operating Voltage 5V

c. Input Voltage (recommended) 7-12V

d. Input Voltage (limits) 6-20V

e. Digital I/O Pins14 (of which 6 provide PWM output)

f. Analog Input Pins 6

g. DC Current per I/O Pin 40 mA

h. DC Current for 3.3V Pin 50 mA

i. Flash Memory 32 KB (ATmega328) of which 0.5 KB used by

bootloader

j. SRAM 2 KB (ATmega328)

k. EEPROM 1 KB (ATmega328)

l. Clock Speed 16 MHz

2.2 Ethernet shield

Arduino Ethernet Shield allows an Arduino board to connect to the

internet. It is based on the Wiznet W5100 Ethernet chip (datasheet). The

Wiznet W5100 provides a network (IP) stacks capable of both TCP and

UDP. Ethernet shield connects to an Arduino board using long wire-wrap

headers which extend through the shield. This keeps the pin layout intact and

allows another shield to be stacked on top.

Figure 2. Ethernet Shield

There is an onboard micro-SD card slot, which can be used to store

files for serving over the network. The onboard microSD card reader is

accessible through the SD Library. When working with this library, SS is on

Pin 4. The original revision of the shield contained a full-size SD card slot.

The shield contains a number of informational LEDs:

a. PWR: indicates that the board and shield are powered.

b. LINK: indicates the presence of a network link and flashes when the

shield transmits or receives data.

c. FULLD: indicates that the network connection is full duplex.

d. 100M: indicates the presence of a 100 Mb/s network connection (as

opposed to 10 Mb/s).

e. RX: flashes when the shield receives data.

f. TX: flashes when the shield sends data.

g. COLL: flashes when network collisions are detected.

2.3 Monitoring or control device

Monitoring or control device is a device that used to display the state

of lights and sensors. It is used as the control buttons. There are some

devices that can be used such as Laptops, Computers, Tablets, and

Smartphone.

2.4 Relay module

Relay is a mechanical switch that is controlled or electronically

controlled (electro-magnetic). Switch on the relay will be changes in

position OFF to ON at the time given energy of electronic magnetic in the

relay armature. Relay basically consists of two main parts: a mechanical

switch and electromagnetic generator system (iron core inductor). Switch or

contactor relay is controlled using an electric voltage is applied to the

inductor's magnetic power to attract the armature lever switch or contactor

relays.

Figure 3. Relay

Relay is needed in electronic circuits as well as the executor of the

interface between the load and the different electronic control system power

supply system. Physically, the switch or contactor with relay electromagnet

is separated. So, between the load and control system will be separated. The

main part of electro mechanical relays as follows:

a. electromagnet coil

b. Switch or contactor

c. Swing Armature

d. Spring

2.5 PIR Sensor

PIR (Passive Infrared Receiver) is an infrared-based sensor. However,

unlike most of the infrared sensor consists of an IR LED and a

phototransistor. PIR does not emit any such IR LEDs. As the name suggests

'Passive', this sensor only responds to the energy of passive infrared rays

which are owned by each object detected by it. Objects that can be detected

by this sensor is usually the human body.

Figure 4 PIR Sensor

PIR module (motion sensor) is very simple and easy to apply. PIR

module requires a 5V DC input voltage is quite effective to detect motion up

to a distance of 5 meters. When it does not detect motion, the output module

is LOW. And when it detects a movement, then the output will change to

HIGH. The HIGH pulse width is ± 0.5 seconds. The sensitivity of PIR

module is capable of detecting the presence of motion at a distance of 5

meters allows us to make a motion detector with greater success. PIR

module (motion sensor) has an output that can be connected directly with

TTL or CMOS digital components and can also be directly connected to the

microcontroller.

2.7 Sensor LM-35

The temperature sensor IC LM 35 is a semiconductor IC chip that

serves to determine the temperature of an object or space in the form of

electrical quantities, or can also be defined as an electronic component that

serves to change the temperature changes received in the amount of

electrical changes. LM35 temperature sensor ICs can convert temperature

changes into a change in voltage at the output. LM35 temperature sensor IC

requires a DC voltage source and a +5 volt DC current consumption of 60

uA in operation.

Figure 5 LM-35 Sensors

From Figure 5 it can be seen that the temperature sensor IC LM35

basically have 3 pin that serves as a source of supply voltage of +5 volts DC,

as a result of sensing the output pin in the form of changes in the DC voltage

at V out and pin to Ground.

IC LM35 temperature sensor characteristics are:

a. Temperature sensitivity, with linear scaling factor between the

voltage and temperature of 10 m Volt / ºC, so it can be calibrated

directly in centigrade.

b. Have precision or accuracy of the calibration is 0.5ºC at 25 ºC

c. Has a maximum range of operating temperatures between -55 ºC to

+150 ºC.

d. Working at a voltage of 4 to 30 volts.

III. SYSTEM DESIGN

3.1 The Design of Hardware

In Figure 6 can be seen Block diagram of hardware design tools for

monitoring and setting the switch lighting.

Figure 6 Block Diagram System

System block diagram consists of several parts:

monitoring/controlling devices, networking, arduino microcontroller and

input/output. Monitoring/controlling device is a web page that will connect

with the arduino through Ethernet Shield. Microcontroller will get input

from PIR 1, PIR 2 and LM-35. PIR sensors are used to monitor human

movement, while LM-35 sensor is used to detect room temperature.

Microcontroller also generates an output of relay to controlling the switch

of lamps.

Ethernet Shield

PIR 2

Lamp 2

Lamp 1

Lamp 4

LM 35

PIR 1

Lamp 3

Relay

Microcontroller Aduino Uno

Monitoring/ Controlling

Device

3.2 The design of Software

1. Display in the monitoring / controlling device

The design of the display on the monitoring / controlling user interface is as

shown in Figure 7

Figure 7 the design of the display on user interface

The user interface is used as a monitor and control lighting switches.

There are several buttons to turn on and turn off the lights. The condition of the

room was also monitored by two PIR sensors to monitor human movement and

a LM35 sensor for monitoring.

2. Software used

a. Arduino IDE

Arduino is an application that is used to program the Arduino

(hardware). “Processing” is a programming language used to write the

OffOn

Monitoring

Sensor is detected

Switch

The Last Project

program in Arduino. Processing is a high level programming language

that is very similar to C ++ and Java, so users who are familiar with both

languages will have no difficulty with Processing.

b. Wampserver

Wampserver is an application that can make a computer into a server.

Usefulness, it is to create local networks by self in the sense that can

create a website offline for a period of trial and error on computer.

WampServer use programming languages such as HTML or PHP.

3.3 The design of Prototype

The design of the prototype is as shown in Figure 8

Figure 8. The design of prototype

Figure 9. Denah prototype

The Prototype has some contents includes the front porch, two main rooms,

one bedroom, kitchen and device place. Control lamps switches are placed at the

front porch, two main rooms and kitchen. Two PIR sensors are placed at main

room 1 and bedroom, while the temperature sensor is placed at kitchen.

3.4 Flowchart of system

Figure 8 Flowchart of system

Start

DESIGN WEB SERVER

CONNECTED ?

Relay on

PROGRAMING ARDUINO TO BE WEB CLIENT

SYNCHRONIZATION WEB SERVER WITH ARDUINO

TEKAN TOMBOL ON/OFF

TESTING INPUT/OUTPUT

DISPLAY RESULTS IN MONITORING DEVICE

Lamp on

PIR 1

End

Testing successfully?

PIR 2 LM-35

Testing successfully?REPAIR 2

REPAIR 1

Y

N

Y Y

NN

Based on the flow chart in Figure 8, after the making of the user

interface and programming arduino, commands from the user interface will be

synchronized with the arduino via connection Ethernet shield to make sure

both devices are connected. If still not connected, the program will be fixed in

advance. When it is connected, arduino will get the status of input and output

devices. Input from arduino includes two PIR sensors and a LM35 sensor.

That will detect the condition of some of the rooms. After the test is successful

it will show the condition of the room on the user interface. That output from

arduino are used to control the lighting, which can be done via the user

interface.

IV. SCHEDULE OF RESEARCH

4.1 Schedule of Research

The study schedule of this research can be seen in Table 1

Table 1 Schedule of Research

No Schedule Bulan Tahun 2015Weeks- February March April May June

1. Study Pustaka

2. Making Proposal

3. filing Proposal

4. Register and Seminar Proposal

5. Design device

6. Making device

7. Making Program

8. Testing Device

9. Making report and analysis

10. Seminar TA

4.2 Tools and materials

Tools and materials that are used to the research as follows :

Hardware :

a. Laptop Dell

b. Smartphone

c. Arduino Uno

d. Ethernet Shield

e. Sensor PIR

f. Sensor LM-35

g. Relay

h. Cable jumper

i. Solder

j. Multitester

k. Lamp

Software :

a. Program Arduino

b. Wampserver

c. Windows 7

d. Microsoft office, to process data

V. WRITING SYSTEMATIC

This thesis has the following subjects:

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

In Chapter I described the background of the problem, formulation of the

problem, problem definition, research objectives, research methods and

systematic writing

CHAPTER II BASIC THEORY

Chapter II discusses the basic - the basic theory used, as well as a general

description section - part system for monitoring the control room of the house

and light switches.

CHAPTER III DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION

Chapter III contains an overview and designs are made in terms of

mechanics, electronics and also the program, accompanied by an explanation

flow diagram.

CHAPTER IV TESTING AND ANALYSIS

Chapter IV contains the results of the analysis and testing of software and

hardware.

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION

In Chapter V contains some conclusions derived from the results of the

design, manufacture and testing tools. It also contains some suggestions for the

development of tools in the future will come.

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