Compilation Plants Carbo Part 1
Transcript of Compilation Plants Carbo Part 1
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Ofcial
English
Name/
Non-ofcial
Name
Cotton
Origin:
Parts
used:
Cotton fber/Boll
Scientic
name:
Gossypium hirsutum
Family:
Malvaceae
Synonym:
English:
Other
names:
Cotton wool; Surgical Cotton;Cotton Plant; Cotton Root; CottonSeed; Cotton Seed Oil
Algodón, Algodón Americano,
Algodón Cimarrón, Algodonero,Coton, Cotonnier, Cottonier,Go!"ium #erbaceum,Go!"ium #irutum, Graine deCoton, $uile de Graine de Coton,%ar"aa, Mian $ua Gen, Racine deCoton&
Vernacular: Bula'
Char. m!t.
"ar#ing
• So(t, )u*! ta"le fber
• Grow in a boll, or"rotective cae, aroundt#e eed o( cotton "lant&
• +#ite, o(t, fne, flament
li'e #air a""earing undert#e microco"e a #ollow,)attened and twitedband, triate and lig#tl!t#ic'ened at t#e edge,"racticall! odorle andtatele&
• Cotton fbre are uuall!
&- to .&- cm in lengt#and - to - 0 indiameter&
• A natural fbre o(
vegetable origin, li'elinen, 1ute or #em"&
• Motl! com"oed
o( celluloe 2acarbo#!drate "lantubtance3 and (ormed b!twited, ribbon4li'e
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malvaceaehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiberhttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bollhttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bollhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiberhttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bollhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malvaceae
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#a"ed fbre&• Cotton i t#e (ruit o( a
#rubb! "lant commonl!re(erred to a t#e 5cotton"lant5&
Constituents
:• celluloe 2646.73
• water 284973$ses:
Commercial :etile "roduct 2(abric,
#irt, bed #eet, etc&3
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Scientic
name:
Family:
Malvaceae
Synonym:
English: Golden fbre ?ute mallow ?ew> mallow
Vernacular:
Paau4na4bilag 2:ag&3Salu!ot 2@l'&3 ?ute 2=ng&3
+#ite 1ute 2=ng&3Char. m!t.
"ar#ing
umen irregular, at time a widea or wider t#an cell wall; at endo( fber lumen broaden out; endround& ongitudinal triation, notranvere mar'ing, no 1ointed
ridge&Constituents: Celluloe
$emicelluloeignin
at +aPectin
Protein/ Ditrogenou matterA#
$ses:
Commercial
4
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Family:
Synonym:
English:
GrainCerealPadd!
Vernacular:
Pagai 2@l'&3Palai 2:ag&3Pala! 2:ag&3Parai 2Bi'&3
Pagei 2Bon&3Char. m!t.
"ar#ing
ruit 2grain3 4i encloed in, butnot ad#ering to, "eritent "ale,oblong, ovoid, or oblong4ovoid,moot#, and omew#atcom"reed&
Constituents: 4Starc#, Protein, @ron, Calcium4 rice bran contain I "ercentoil and a #ig#er "ercentage o(
"rotein t#an t#e "oli#ed variet!&4 9 "ercent "rotein in rice, I&H.
i a globulin, I&I. an albumin,
and t#e remainder, a "rotein2or!Fagenin3 imilar to t#e
glutenin o( w#eat$ses:
Commercial
Oil and (ur(uran Rice oil and(ur(ural i obtained (rom cruderice bran& Rice bran oil i ued aedible oil, in oa" and (att! acidmanu(acturing& Alo ued incometic, !nt#etic fber,detergent, and emulifer&
4 Celluloe Rice #ull are made
into celluloe "roduct, li'era!on&
4 &ice mill +uel ,y-!roduct o(carbonaceou a# i a ource o(odium ilicate, oa", "igment,carbon&
4 Fuel: Rice #u' i ued a(uel&
4 Pa!er Rice traw can alo be a
ource o( "a"er&
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cleaning o( dicolored teet#&
4 eri-,eri rom rice "oli#ing,bran i etracted and ued a anecellent ource o( vitamin B to"revent and cure beri4beri&
"edicinal
Pharmaceutic
al
Rice i sta!le +ood (or more t#e8I7 o( t#e world "o"ulation&
4 Rice i a sta!le article o+diet, and "oli#ed in "re"aration(or eating&
4 Polished rice is decient initamin and #a been caueo( beriberi&
4 rom t#e "oli#ing i "re"aredan etract called ti#i-ti#i a0onder+ul source o+ itamin
,oth a !reentie and cure+or in+antile ,eri,eri.
- &ice ,ran is a healthy
additie to the ma#ing o+
mufns, ca'e, coo'ie,"roviding bot# fber and nutritivevalue&
4 &ice 0ine ta!oi i "re"ared(rom rice&
Ofcial
English
Name/
Non-ofcial
Name
*amarind
Origin:
Parts
used:
ruit, leave, bar' and )ower
Scientic
name: Tamarindus indica
Family:
abaceae
Synonym:
English:
@ndian date'il!tree
Vernacular: Sam"alo'
Char. m!t.
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"ar#ing ar#: dar' gre!, roug#, fured(eaes: Pinnate, fne and
(eat#er!Flo0ers: mall raceme, !ellow
wit# orange trea'Fruit: )atti#, bean4li'eirregularl! curved "od
Constituent
s:
:annin, (at, carbo#!datre, citric
acid, acetic acid, but!ric acid,oalic acid, "ectin, albuminoid
$ses:
Commercial Seaoning, weet,d!eing/mordant, illuminant and
varni#, (urniture, in'
"edicinal
Pharmaceutical
Fruit: antibacterial,#e"ato"rotective, #!"oli"idemic,
anti4diabetic
Seed coat: antioidant
1eneral: analgeic,ant#elmintic, anti4meliodoi
Ofcial
English
Name/
Non-ofcial
Name
OJcial =ngli# DameC2ON3&$S C&SP$S
Don4OJcial Damerish "oss ucuDorvegicuCaragreen
$al!menia Plat!nuCarrageen "oss @ridaea$eterocar"aC#ondru Cri"u +#ole @rido"#!cu$eterocar"umC#ondru Dorvegicu MaFFaella$eterocar"aC#ondru Plat!nu Pol!mor"#aCri"a
Origin:
Parts
used:
Entire !lant 4dried5
Scientic
name:
Chondrus crispus
Family: 11'&*N'CE'E
Synonym:
English:
=ngli# S!non!m &S2 "OSS
C'&&'1EEN
"OSS
C2ON3&$S
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Vernacular:
1$('"'N
Char. m!t.
"ar#ing
@t i a "rotet w#ic# i so+t andcartilaginou& :#e color w#ic#varie (rom greenish-yello0through red to a dar# !ur!le
or !ur!lish-,ro0n& @t alo grow(rom a dicoid #old(at andbranc#e +our or e times in a
dichotomous +an-li#e manner&Constituent
s:
:#e "rinci"al contituent i amucilaginou bod!, made o(t#e PO()S'CC2'&3EC'&&'1EEN'N w#ic# com"rieabout --7 b! weig#t& :#eorganim alo conit o(nearl! HI7 "rotein andabout H-7 mineral matter, and iric# in iodine and sul+ur&
$ses:
Commercial
4 Eeert, ice cream,cream, mil'#a'e, alad
dreing, weetenedcondened mil', andauce
4 gel to increase iscosity4 Beer clarifer to remove
#aFe4cauing "rotein4 :oot#"ate tabiliFer to
"revent contituente"arating
4 ruit Gu#er ingredient int#e enca"ulated gel
4 irefg#ting (oamt#ic'ener to caue (oam tobecome tic'!
4 S#am"oo and cometiccream thic#ener
4 Air (re#ener gel4 Marbling t#e ancient art o(
"a"er and (abric marblingue a carrageenanmiture on w#ic# to )oat"aint or in'; t#e "a"er or(abric i t#en laid on it,aborbing t#e colour
4 P#armaceutical ued a
an inactive eci"ient in"ill/tablet
4 So! mil' and ot#er "lantmil' ued to t#ic'en, inan attem"t to emulate t#econitenc! o( w#ole mil'
4 Eiet oda to en#anceteture and u"end)avour
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"edicinal
Pharmaceut
ical
4 ued to treat bronc#iti,goiter, t#!roid "roblem&
4 tone and trengt#en t#ebod!K gland&
4 ued a a laative and a#ome remed! (or oret#roat and c#a""ed 'in&
4 mild anticoagulant e*ecton t#e blood&
4 treat c#ronic lungdieae, d!enter!,diarr#ea and diorder o('idne! and bladder&
4 alo reduce #ig# blood"reure&
4 :#e large Luantit! o(mucilage alo ma'e it avaluable remed! (or t#etreatment o( digetivecondition w#ere ademulcent i reLuired,
uc# a gatriti and invariou (orm, it i aid torelieve "e"tic andduodenal ulcer in wit#out#aving an! advere e*ecton t#e colon&
4 reduce gatric ecretionand #a been ued inaborbent urgicaldreing&
- *2C6ENE& and
S*'(7E&
3E"$(CEN*
E"O((EN* N$*&*VECO(3S &ONC2*S
CO$12- Carageenan
hydrocolloids
1alactans
Ofcial
EnglishName/
Non-ofcial
Name
'lthea &oot
Origin:
Parts
used:
Root
Scientic
name:
Althaea ofcinalis
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Family:
Malvaceae
Synonym:
English:
• Common mar#mallow
• Mar#mallow
• Mar#mellow
• Mallow
• Mortifcation Root
• Sweet +eed
• +!mote
• $oc' $erb
• Mar#mallow root
• Mallard
• +#ite Mallow Root
• Alt#ea
• Marc# Mallow
Vernacular:
• $alaman ng mamelow
• $alamangMarmalo
Char. m!t."ar#ing
•mall car in t#e root"arallel to eac# ot#er and"ro1ection o( root&
• brown cor'! la!er and mall
rootConstituen
ts:• Pectin
• Starc#
• Mono4, and di4acc#aride,
• Sacc#aroe
• Mucilage
• lavonoid 2$!"olaetin44
glucoide, ioLuercitrin,
'aem"(erol, ca*eic,"coumaric acid3
• Coumarin
• Sco"oletin
• P#!toterol
• :annin
• A"aragine
• alt#ea#eacoan!l lactone,
N4#!dro!calamene2alt#eacalamene3 andalt#eacoumaringlucoide,along wit# t#e 'nown
"#!tocontituentlauricacid, N4itoterol andlanoterol
$ses:
Commercia
l
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"edicinal
Pharmaceu
tical
• Antituive
• Antibacterial
• :reatment (or t#e irritation
o( mucou membrane• Eiuretic
• Anti4in)ammator!
• Atringent
e"ectorant, oot#e and o(tentiue w#ile controlling bacterialin(ection, con(ection, (orm"rotective la!er o( mucilage on t#emucou lining o( t#e bod!, treatin)ammation and ulceration o(digetive !tem, ued aloeternall! (or localiFedin)ammation, a"#rodiiac, antacida. "edicinal: treatment o( oret#roat, bronc#iti, and (or dr!#ac'ing coug#,,. Pharmaceutical:, e"ectorant,laative
Ofcial
English
Name/
Non-ofcial
Name
F'(SE &S2 "OSS
Origin:
Parts used: =ntire "lant
Scientic
name:
Mastocarpus stellatus
Gigartina mamillosa
Petrocelis cruenta
Gigartina stellata
Family:
G@GAR:@DAC=A=
Synonym:
English:
=ngli# S!non!mFalse rish "oss
False Carragheen "oss
Carrag#een Mo
Vernacular: 44Char. m!t.
"ar#ing
4 Marine "lant
4 Cartilaginou, "ur"li#brown (rond, o(ten indene tu(t& Darrowcom"reed ti"ee"and into tra"4li'eblade, uuall! inrolled2above3 to (orm ac#annel, wit# t#ic'enedmargin&
Constituents
:
4 Carrageenan, mucilage,iodine, bromine, iron, andvitamin A and B
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$ses:
Commercial
4 Ma! be collected wit#Chondrus crispus a aource o( carrageen>,w#ic# i ued to ma'eou" and 1ellie
4 Soot#e mucumembrane and 'in, bul'laative, t#ic'ening agent
"edicinal
Pharmaceutical
4 A remed! (or re"irator!
diorder
Ofcial
English Name/
Non-ofcial
Name
Cherry
Origin:
Parts
used:
ruit
Scientic
name:
Prunus cerasus
Family:
Roaceae
Synonym:
English: C#err! treeSweet c#err!
Vernacular:
Char. m!t.
"ar#ing
Rie u" to ImReddi# brown trun' wit# itbar' brea'ing into #oriFontaltri"eruit in dru"e, red
Constituents: • Acid citric acid, Mallic
Acid and Ca*eic Acid• C!an#!dric acid
• =ential oil, ric# in
am!gdalin and =mulin
• :annin• lavanoid
• Genitein
$ses:
Commercial
"edicinal
Pharmaceutic
al
AntioidantEiuretic
Anti R#eumaticCardiotonic
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Ofcial English
Name/
Non-ofcial
Name
'gar
Origin:
Parts used:
=ntire "lant
Scientic
name:
Gelidium amansii,
G.corneum, GracilariaFamily: Gracilariaceae
Synonym:
English:
Agar4Agar, Agar +eed, ?a"anee/C#inee @ingla,
Red Algae, Ce!lon Mo
Vernacular: GulamanChar. m!t.
"ar#ing
:#i "erennial eaweed growu" to t#ree (eet long,com"riing o( reddi#4brown,tranlucent, multibranc#edribbon and (rond, calledt#alli 2ingular t#allu3, t#at"rout (rom a "ermanentbae ever! !ear& :#e t#allui c!lindrical to )attened,ubdivided, and toug#
Constituents: AgaroeAgaro"ectin
$ses:
Commercial
Cut u" gulaman ma! be uedin #alo4#alo, (ruit alad, or
ago 2ta"ioca3 drin'
"edicinal
Pharmaceutical Microbiolog!4 Culture Media
P#armac!4 aative, gellingagent, t#ic'ening agent,tabiliFer, bul'ing agent
Ot#er ue t#ic'ening agent,clari(!ing agent, vegetariangelatin ubtitute
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Ofcial English
Name/
Non-ofcial
Name
Elm ar#
Origin:
Parts used: uebec to Dort# Ea'otaEried inner bar'
Scientic
name:
Ulmus campestris
Family:
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Ofcial English
Name/
Non-ofcial
Name
*riticum
Origin:
Parts
used:
eed, tem
Scientic name:
Agropyron repens
Family: Poaceae
Synonym:
English:
Couc# gra, +itc# gra,Eog gra, Bermuda Gra
Vernacular:
:rigo
Char. m!t.
"ar#ing
R#iFome i #ollow ece"t att#e node, trongl! (urrowed
longitudinall!& +#ere t#enode occur, trace o(
rootlet ma! be (ound on t#eunder ur(ace and t#e
fbrou remain o( #eat#inglea(4bae on t#e u""er
ur(ace&Constituents: :riticin, Eetroe, evuloe$ses:
Commercial
ood "roduct
"edicinal
Pharmaceutical
anti"!retic, edative, oret#roat, and anti#!drotic
Ofcial EnglishName/
Non-ofcial
Name
'!!le
Origin:
Parts used:
ruit
Scientic name: Pyrus malus
!alus domestica
4Malu communiFamily: Roaceae
Synonym:
English: 4 +ild A""le
Vernacular: 4 MananaChar. m!t.
"ar#ing
4 rounded #a"e wit# ade"reion at t#e to" w#eret#e tem i attac#ed&4 ome are round, w#ileot#er are more rounded att#e to" and narrower at t#ebottom&4 ome #ave 'nobb! lobe at
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t#e cal! end 2bottom3 o( t#e(ruit& 4 frm and t#e 'in i#in! and moot#&4 S%@D red, green, !ellow, ora combination o( t#oe color&4 =S$ w#ite or ivor!&
Constituents: Chemical constituentsAl"#a4inolenic4Acid,A"aragine, E4Categin,
@oLurctrin, $!"eroide,erulic4Acid, arneene,Deoat#in, P#o"#atid!l4C#oline, Re!noutrin, Sina"ic4Acid, Ca*eic4Acid,C#lorogenic4Acid, P4$!dro!4BenFoic4Acid, P4Coumaric4Acid, Avicularin, utein,uercitin, Rutin,
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4 treating cancer, diabete,d!enter!, (ever, #eart "roblem, wart, and avitamin C4defcienc!condition called curv!&
4 (or cleaning t#eir teet#&
Ofcial English
Name/
Non-ofcial
Name
"'NN'
Origin:
Parts used: Eried eudate (rom tem
Scientic
name:
"ra#inus ornus
Family: Oleaceae
Synonym:
English: Manna a#,lowering a#,la'e manna
Vernacular: :ubang4americanoChar. m!t.
"ar#ing
=udate 4dar' brown to blac'concrete ma; irregular#a"e uuall! )attenedBar' 4 dar' gra! and moot#eave 4 o""oite "air,"innate, wit# -46 lea)etlower 4 mall, wit#
!ellowi# w#ite corollaruit 4 )at, linear4lanceolateamara wit# ingle browneed
Constituents: Manna ugar 2mannite3rainMannoe, mannitol, glucoe,a"onin
$ses:
Commercial
Bar' tool #andle,com"onent o( cart w#eel@t i a ource o( (odder (orcattle, #ee" and goat
"edicinalPharmaceutical Omotic diuretic, diabetic(ood, bacteriological culturemedia, diagnotic aid,laative, nutritive, tonic,"urgative
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Ofcial English
Name/
Non-ofcial
Name
*ears o+ 'cacia
Origin:
Parts
used:
=ntire "lant
Scientic
name:
$amanae saman
Family:
Mimoaceae
Synonym:
English:
Cow tamarind, Rain tree,ale "owder "u*
Vernacular:
A'a!aAcacia
Char. m!t.
"ar#ing
ar# 4 roug# and (urrowed&(eaes 4 bi"innate #air!underneat#& lower 4 "in'.Fruits 4 "od, traig#t, )e#!
inde#icent wit# "ul"! weetmeocar"
Constituents: Al'aloid 4 abundant in t#ebar', tem, leave eed&eave tem 4 a"onin tannin& Bar' 4 no tannin&
:run' 4 gum$ses:
Commercial
Meocar" i ometime eatenb! c#ildren& ate ued agum arabic (or gluing&
"edicinal
Pharmaceutica
l
Anti"!retic, Stomac#ic,Atringent, aative,Sedative, Anti4microbial
Ofcial English
Name/
Non-ofcial
Name
Fig
Origin:
Parts used: Botanical ruit
Scientic
name:
"icus carica
Family: Moraceae
Synonym:
English: Common fg, fg, edible fg
Vernacular: @go, #igoChar. m!t.
"ar#ing
Small circular #ilum below t#ea"e
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Constituents: Protein, mineral,carbo#!drate, carotene,nicotinic acid, ribo)avin,
acorbic acid$ses:
Commercial
and
Pharmaceutica
l
Su""reant, diuretic, blood"urifer, a"#roidiac agent
Ofcial English
Name/
Non-ofcial
Name
Common "allo0
&oundlea+ "allo0
Origin:
Parts
used:
eave, root, tem
Scientic
name:
!alva neglecta
Family:
Malvaceae
Synonym:
English:
ButtonweedC#eee"lantC#eeeweedEwar( Mallow
Vernacular:
+ala 'ami ma#ana"
Char. m!t.
"ar#ing
(E'VES:
• li""er!4tic'! Lualit!
2imilar to o'ra3 w#en
cru#ed• round to 'idne!4#a"ed
• long lea(tal' 2 to -
time a long a leave3
•
• dee"l! indented at t#e
bae
• - to 6 #allow lobe
• #ort #air on to", bottom
and on lea(tal' &OO*
•
#ort, traig#t• ta"root
• li""er!4tic'! Lualit!
2imilar to o'ra3 w#encru#ed
S*E"S
• branc#ing vine
• nearl! erect or l!ing cloe
to t#e ground wit# ti"turned u"
• man! w#ite #air
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tend to (orm a mat o( temand leave acro t#e groundt#at can etend everal (eet
Constituents: Ca, P, e, %, iber, Qit& A,t#iamine, acorbic acid,
ribo)avin$ses:
Commercial
Eecoration, ood, Datural!ellow d!e
"edicinal
Pharmaceutica
l
Anti4in)ammator!Anti"#logiticAtringentEiureticaativePurgative ="ectorant
Eemulcent=mollient=ci"ient
S$C&OSE
Ofcial English Name/
Non-ofcial Name
Cane sugar &ened sugar
Origin:
Parts used:
Stem o( ugar cane Root o( ugarbeet Sugar ma"le
Scientic name: 2$accharumofcinarum%
2&eta vulgaris% 'Acer saccharum%
Family: Poaceae C#eno"odiaceae AceraceaeSynonym:
English:
:able ugar;Amer(ond;Beet ugar; Cane ugar;Con(ectionerK ugar; E4
Sucroe; Granulatedugar; Microe; Roc'cand!; Sacc#aroe
Vernacular: Au'al, :uboChar. m!t. "ar#ing ine, colorle, odorle
cr!talline "owder wit#a "leaing, weet tate&
Constituents: Glucoe ructoe
$ses:Commercial Sugar a a ource o(
energ!& Sugar i anim"ortant ource o( (ood
energ!& Euringdigetion, all (ood
carbo#!drate 2tarc#eand ugar3 brea' down
into ingle molecule&
@ndutrial ue o( ugarSugar are alo ued in
t#e "roduction o( ur(actant, (abric,
cement&
unction o( ugar in(ood Sugar #ave a
number o( (unction int#e "re"aration o(
(ood, uc# aim"roving tate and
teture& @m"ortant ueo( ugar in (oodinclude Providing
weetne Serving a"reervative in 1am
and 1ellie& Alo
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increae t#e boiling"oint
"edicinal
Pharmaceutical Medical ue o( ugar
can be ued to ma'eoral re#!dration olution2ORS3, w#ic# can #el""revent de#!dration in
c#ildren w#o #avein(antile diarr#ea or
vomiting&