Comparison of Comparison of sonoluminescence in sonoluminescence in

Water and Sulfuric AcidWater and Sulfuric Acid

Kh. Imani, M. Silatani, R. Rezaei-Nasirabad,

A. Moshaii, R. Sadighi-Bonabi,

History:History:• 19341934 Bath Ultrasound by H. Frenzel &H. Schultes(MBSL)(MBSL)• 19891989 F. Gaitan (SBSL)(SBSL)

• 20052005 F. Flannigan & S. Suslick ( H2SO4)( H2SO4)

Physical and SL properties of some liquids:Physical and SL properties of some liquids:

Why sulfuric acid ? Higher

intensity Appearance of line emission

in spectrum

Hydrodynamics model:

Bubble dynamics:

boundary condition of pressure and Van der waals equation of

gas:

ρ

P-PPCR

1PPdtd

ρCR 0al

al

2

31

2

31 R

C

RRR

C

R

RR

RPP gl

24

BNV

kTNP

tot

totg

,exp

1

1/exp ,,,

,

gB

jfcgBAtotjf

t

tot

tottotjf TK

ETnnnk

Bn

BnBnr jf

j

,exp ,,,

,

gB

jbcgCCtotjbjb TK

ETnnnkr jf

jbjfj rrr ,, ., jjij

ci rVN

Chemical reaction:

14/17

.222 OOOHHHOHArtot NNNNNNNN

.min,4 ,2

R

R

RDl

l

nnDRN d

d

iiodi

Mass transfer at the bubble wall:

The bubble contents is assumed to be: ( Nobel gas+H2O+ Reaction products )

0N

particlesother allfor 0n

TkPn

dAr

i0,

lB

vOH0, 2

,4 2

th

gl

l

TTRQ

R

R

Rlth ,min

Heat transfer at the bubble wall:

pC

Conductivity coefficientConductivity coefficient:pC Heat ConductionHeat Conduction::

Instability conditions of bubble:

Shape Instability (Sh-S)

Diffusion Instability (D-S)

Bjerknes Instability (Bj.thr.)

Physical properties :

Simulation Results: Simulation Results:

With regard to computed phase diagrams, we chose the junction point (Pa, R0) of D-S curve with other stability curves

Evolution of radius versus time in one cycle:

Total Number of Particles:

Number of H2O:

Number of H2SO4:

Temperature:Temperature:

CalculationCalculation

ExperimentalExperimental

A. Troia, et. al, Ultrasonic sonochemistry—13(2006-)278